CN105156222B - A kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons - Google Patents
A kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons Download PDFInfo
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- CN105156222B CN105156222B CN201510503428.2A CN201510503428A CN105156222B CN 105156222 B CN105156222 B CN 105156222B CN 201510503428 A CN201510503428 A CN 201510503428A CN 105156222 B CN105156222 B CN 105156222B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons.It includes piston crown and piston skirt made of forged steel, piston crown is located in cavity, the excircle part of the big end face of piston crown diameter is welded with the inwall on cavity top, the first inconel weld is formed in the top surface of the excircle part of the big end face of piston crown diameter, the outer wall of boss of the inner circle part of the small end face of piston crown diameter with being located at cavity bottom welds, top surface in the inner circle part of the small end face of piston crown diameter forms the second inconel weld, and compression and oil ring groove are sequentially provided with from top to bottom in the circumferential wall on piston skirt top.Inventive piston head is arranged on the cavity at the top of piston skirt Nei and welded together, piston crown is connected firmly with piston skirt, is not in " de- top " phenomenon, and weld seam is on the outside of cooling oil chamber, easily cleaning, the hard particles for avoiding weld seam come off so as to cause engine scuffing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons.
Background technology
Piston is automobile engine " heart ", bears the mechanical load and thermic load of alternation, is the bar that worked in engine
One of worst key components and parts of part.The function of piston is subject to gas pressure, and is transmitted to connecting rod by gudgeon pin shaft and drives
Bent axle rotates, and the failure of piston can cause engine to run out of steam, even result in whole engine and scrap.
In recent ten years, engine design, manufacturing technology are improved rapidly, and particularly diesel engine is all in Xiang great Gong
Rate, high load capacity direction are developed, and reinforcing degree improves constantly, and explosive force alreadys exceed 20MPa, while emission request is more and more tighter
Although lattice, former aluminum piston have the advantages of in light weight, aluminum alloy materials can only at 350 DEG C steady operation, although taking
A variety of enhancements, such as：First annular groove edge high-nickel austenite ring seat, the first annular groove carry out laser quenching, are resisted with improving annular groove
Wear resistance, combustion chamber throat edge ceramic composite, combustion chamber throat carry out laser remolten refinement.To improve combustion chamber cracking resistance
Ability, but aluminum piston is still difficult to meet Europe IV, the engine calls of the standard of Europe V.So aluminium material can not gradually meet to send out
Motivation high power, high intensity, discharge requirement.It is directed to designing and developing for this domestic and international plunger designs manufacturer and both there is height
Reliability and can meets economical and emission request novel piston, such as liquid forging ceramic fibre structure piston, steel top and aluminum skirt
The pendulum mass formula Hinged piston of structure, cast-iron piston etc., all there is the shortcomings that certain in above structure, as liquid forging is made pottery fibre structure
Aluminum piston requires high to blank moulding process, particularly ceramic fibre structure, it is necessary to could be molded under high pressure；Pendulum mass formula is hinged
Its piston head of structure piston manufactures with piston skirt separate machined, and for piston skirt because Wall-Thickness Difference is too big, foundary loss rate is higher, increase
Cost, and it is difficult to the oil pocket to form closing, piston cooling effect is poor, simultaneously as needing longer piston pin to be connected
Connect, overall weight also increased, and cast-iron piston pollutes to environment in the fabrication process, and inner-cooling oil reservoir structure is difficult to reality
Existing, the weight of piston is difficult to control.So many companies are all substituting aluminum alloy materials from ferrous materials now, particularly forge
The PDT R＆D Representative of steel pistons material is when the direction of secondary piston development, and the big-and-middle-sized truck engines of now American-European many countries are all
Aluminum piston is instead of with steel pistons.
Prior art, which uses, welds together the piston crown being forged into and the piston skirt being forged into by friction welding (FW)
Mode manufacture piston, this manufacture causes the weld seam on the inside of oil closed cavity to clear up, cooling machine oil concussion in meeting
There are hard particles to come off, add the risk for causing engine scuffing.In addition, rubbed to piston crown and piston skirt
Butt welding machine and welding parameter require very high during welding, and adjustment is improper to be easy to weld defect occur, and then during causing use
Piston crown and piston skirt separation, cause scrapping for engine damage even whole locomotive.It is reported that certain domestic friction welding (FW)
There is multiple welding position cracking in piston, caused very big loss, in addition, friction welding (FW) needs to consume very big electricity, wave
Take the energy.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons, it is reasonable in design, and piston crown is set
In the cavity at the top of piston skirt and weld together, piston crown is connected firmly with piston skirt, is not in " de- top "
Phenomenon, and weld seam, on the outside of cooling oil chamber, easily cleaning, the hard particles for avoiding weld seam come off so as to cause engine to draw
Cylinder, solve problems of the prior art.
The present invention is that technical scheme is used by solving above-mentioned technical problem：It includes the piston crown made of forged steel
And piston skirt, piston crown are ring body, the diameter of ring body end face is big, the diameter of other end is small, on the top of piston skirt
Portion is provided with a cavity being engaged with piston crown, and piston crown is located in cavity, the big end face of piston crown diameter it is cylindrical
The inwall of part and cavity top is welded, and the first single welding is formed in the top surface of the excircle part of the big end face of piston crown diameter
Seam, the outer wall of boss of the inner circle part of the small end face of piston crown diameter with being located at cavity bottom welds, straight in piston crown
The top surface of the inner circle part of the small end face in footpath forms the second inconel weld, the inwall and bottom of piston crown excircle part and cavity
The cooling oil chamber of closing is formed, oil inlet and oil-out, the circumferential wall on piston skirt top are provided with the bottom of cooling oil chamber
On be sequentially provided with compression and oil ring groove from top to bottom, be provided with key seat in bottom of skirt.
Form gap between the excircle part of the big end face of the piston crown diameter and the inwall on cavity top to coordinate, institute
Gap is formed between the outer wall of the inner circle part for stating the small end face of piston crown diameter and the boss for being located at cavity bottom to coordinate.
The outer wall of the bottom of skirt and the outer wall composition of key seat are oval, on oval short-axis direction and key seat
Pin-and-hole direction it is consistent.
An annular groove is provided with piston skirt circumferential wall below oil ring groove, it is ellipse that one is formed between annular groove and oil ring groove
Circular band, the long axis direction of vesica piscis band are consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.
The spill port of oil ring groove and annular groove is communicated with vesica piscis band.
The outer wall of bottom of skirt forms ellipse with the outer wall of key seat and is connected in its long axis direction with annular groove.
The spill port is positioned close to be made up of the short axle of ellipse the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat
The position in direction.
It is sequentially provided with two compressions and an oil ring groove from top to bottom in the circumferential wall on piston skirt top.
The inner circle part of piston crown and the boss of cavity bottom form the pit of combustion chamber.
The present invention uses such scheme, has advantages below：
1st, piston crown is arranged in the cavity at the top of piston skirt, and passes through the first inconel weld and the second single welding
Seam weld is connected together, and piston crown is connected more firm with piston skirt；Because piston crown is solely subjected to compression at work,
Therefore the requirement to welding is not very high, with common welding（Such as argon arc welding, Laser Welding）Requirement can just be reached, simplify weldering
Technique is connect, reduces cost.
2nd, the first inconel weld and the second inconel weld are on the outside of cooling oil chamber, and easily cleaning will not be in cooling oil chamber
Weld seam is formed, in cooling oil chamber is not in hard particles in engine working process, reduces the probability of scuffing of cylinder bore.
3rd, when piston works in cylinder body, it is possible that stuck phenomenon, if being now exactly in workmanship stroke, flywheel
Piston skirt is pulled to move downward in effect of inertia lower band piston bar, piston gas ring and oil ring are to compression and oil ring groove upside
Face forms very big pulling force, it is possible that " de- top "（Piston crown separates with piston skirt）Phenomenon, cause engine damage.
Compression, oil ring groove are arranged on piston skirt by the present invention, reduce above-mentioned phenomenon odds.
4th, form gap between the excircle part of the big end face of piston crown diameter and the inwall on cavity top to coordinate, piston
The inner circle part of the small end face of head diameter and be located at cavity bottom boss outer wall between formed gap coordinate.That is piston head
The welding position of portion and piston skirt is coordinated using gap, reduces difficulty of processing and assembly difficulty.Gap is in 0.1-0.15mm
Within the scope of.
5th, the outer wall of the outer wall of bottom of skirt and key seat is formed oval, on oval short-axis direction and key seat
Pin-and-hole direction is consistent.Because the metal at piston pin hole is more, it is this be designed to by during pistons work by factors such as thermal expansions
Caused deformation is along pin-and-hole Directional Extension so that piston skirt cross section becomes approximate circle, so as to can be with pistons work
Loading end wider, evenly is obtained, while also piston skirt is preferably bonded with cylinder wall, is reduced with cylinder air gap,
Piston skirt is advantageously reduced than pressure, reduces impact of the piston to cylinder wall, reduces noise during engine operation.
6th, an annular groove is provided with the piston skirt circumferential wall below oil ring groove, one is formed between annular groove and oil ring groove
Vesica piscis band, the long axis direction of vesica piscis band are consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.I.e. the outer wall of bottom of skirt with
It is perpendicular with vesica piscis band that the outer wall of key seat forms ellipse.Due to not being oriented in the piston skirt in pin-and-hole direction, piston
Much smaller than piston skirt of head diameter, this design causes diameter herein（That is the diameter of the piston skirt in pin-and-hole direction）
Close to the size of piston skirt long axis direction, so as to increase the guidance quality of piston short-axis direction, prevent occurring during piston movement
The phenomenon of engine knock.
7th, the spill port of oil ring groove and annular groove is communicated with vesica piscis band.Oil ring groove and ring are made by spill port
Shape groove penetrates, and not only alleviates weight, adds the flexibility of piston skirt, and is advantageous to the machine oil oil return of oil ring groove location,
The particularly machine oil of oil ring trench bottom, is passed straight back in annular groove by spill port, is prevented because engine oil pressure height causes machine
Altered on oil, advantageously reduce machine oil loss, reduce the noxious emission of engine.
8th, the outer wall of bottom of skirt forms ellipse with the outer wall of key seat and is connected in its long axis direction with annular groove.
This design one is the weight that can mitigate piston, and the inertia force of reciprocating motion of the pistons is made to engine when reducing engine work
Into destruction；Second, reducing heat transfer of the piston crown to piston skirt, the probability of piston skirt thermal fatigue failure is reduced.
9th, spill port is positioned close to be made up of the short axle side of ellipse the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat
To position, in order to process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross section structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 side, sectional structural representation.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 upward view.
Fig. 4 is the dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.
In figure, 1, piston crown, 2, piston skirt, the 3, first inconel weld, 4, boss, the 5, second inconel weld, 6, cold
But oil pocket, 7, oil inlet, 8, oil-out, 9, compression, 10, oil ring groove, 11, key seat, 12, annular groove, 13, vesica piscis band,
14th, spill port, 15, pin-and-hole, 16, pit.
Embodiment
For the technical characterstic for illustrating this programme can be understood, below by embodiment, and its accompanying drawing is combined, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to 4, the present invention includes piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 made of forged steel.Piston crown 1 is
Ring body, the diameter of ring body end face is big, the diameter of other end is small.One and the phase of piston crown 1 are provided with the top of piston skirt 2
The cavity of cooperation, piston crown 1 are located in cavity.The excircle part of the big end face of the diameter of piston crown 1 is interior with cavity top
Form gap between wall to coordinate, the outer wall of boss 4 of the inner circle part of the small end face of the diameter of piston crown 1 with being located at cavity bottom
Between formed gap coordinate.The excircle part of the big end face of the diameter of piston crown 1 is welded with the inwall on cavity top, in piston head
The top surface of the excircle part of the big end face of the diameter of portion 1 forms the first inconel weld 3, the inner circle of the small end face of the diameter of piston crown 1
The outer wall of boss 4 of the part with being located at cavity bottom welds, the top surface shape in the inner circle part of the small end face of the diameter of piston crown 1
Into the second inconel weld 5.First inconel weld 3 and the second inconel weld 5 are circle.The excircle part of piston crown 1 and cavity
The cooling oil chamber 6 of closing is formed on inwall and bottom, and oil inlet 7 and oil-out 8 are provided with the bottom of cooling oil chamber 6.In piston skirt
Two compressions 9 and an oil ring groove 10 are sequentially provided with the circumferential wall on the top of portion 2 from top to bottom.Set in the bottom of piston skirt 2
There is key seat 11.The inner circle part of piston crown 1 and the boss 4 of cavity bottom form the pit 16 of combustion chamber.The bottom of piston skirt 2
The outer wall of outer wall and key seat 11 form ellipse, oval short-axis direction is consistent with the direction of pin-and-hole 15 on key seat 11.
The circumferential wall of piston skirt 2 of the lower section of oil ring groove 10 is provided with an annular groove 12, and it is ellipse that one is formed between annular groove 12 and oil ring groove 10
Circular band 13, the long axis direction of vesica piscis band 13 are consistent with the direction of pin-and-hole 15 on key seat 11.Outside the bottom of piston skirt 2
Wall forms ellipse with the outer wall of key seat 11 and is connected in its long axis direction with annular groove 12.The company of being provided with vesica piscis band 13
The spill port 14 of logical oil ring groove 10 and annular groove 12.Spill port 14 is positioned close to by the outer wall and key seat of the bottom of piston skirt 2
11 outer wall forms the position of the short-axis direction of ellipse.
Piston crown 1 is arranged in the cavity at the top of piston skirt 2, and passes through the first inconel weld 3 and the second one side
Weld seam 5 welds together, and piston crown 1 is connected more firm with piston skirt 2；Because piston crown 1 is solely subjected at work
Compression, therefore the requirement to welding is not very high, with common welding（Such as argon arc welding, Laser Welding）Requirement can just be reached,
Welding procedure is simplified, reduces cost.
First inconel weld 3 and the second inconel weld 5 are on the outside of cooling oil chamber 6, and easily cleaning will not be in cooling oil chamber 6
Interior formation weld seam, in cooling oil chamber be not in hard particles in engine working process, reduce the probability of scuffing of cylinder bore.
When piston works in cylinder body, it is possible that stuck phenomenon, if being now exactly in workmanship stroke, flywheel exists
Effect of inertia lower band piston bar pulls piston skirt 2 to move downward, and piston gas ring and oil ring are on compression 9 and oil ring groove 10
Side forms very big pulling force, it is possible that " de- top "（Piston crown 1 separates with piston skirt 2）Phenomenon, cause engine
Damage.Compression 9, oil ring groove 10 are arranged on piston skirt 2 by the present invention, reduce above-mentioned phenomenon odds.
Form gap between the excircle part of the big end face of the diameter of piston crown 1 and the inwall on cavity top to coordinate, piston
The inner circle part of the small end face of the diameter of head 1 and be located at cavity bottom boss 4 outer wall between formed gap coordinate.That is piston
The welding position on head 1 and piston skirt 2 is coordinated using gap, reduces difficulty of processing and assembly difficulty.Gap is in 0.1-
Within the scope of 0.15mm.
The outer wall of the bottom of piston skirt 2 forms ellipse, oval short-axis direction and key seat 11 with the outer wall of key seat 11
On the direction of pin-and-hole 15 it is consistent.Because the metal at piston pin hole 15 is more, it is this be designed to will during pistons work by heat it is swollen
Deformed caused by the factor such as swollen along the Directional Extension of pin-and-hole 15 so that the cross section of piston skirt 2 becomes approximate circle, so as in piston
Loading end wider, evenly can be obtained during work, while also piston skirt 2 is preferably bonded with cylinder wall, is reduced
Match somebody with somebody cylinder air gap, advantageously reduce piston skirt 2 than pressure, reduce impact of the piston to cylinder wall, when reducing engine operation
Noise.
Be provided with an annular groove 12 in the circumferential wall of piston skirt 2 below oil ring groove 10, annular groove 12 and oil ring groove 10 it
Between form a vesica piscis band 13, the long axis direction of vesica piscis band 13 is consistent with the direction of pin-and-hole 15 on key seat 11.That is piston
It is perpendicular with vesica piscis band 13 that the outer wall of the outer wall of the bottom of skirt section 2 and key seat 11 forms ellipse.Due in the direction of pin-and-hole 15
Piston skirt 2 be not oriented to, much smaller than piston skirt 2 of the diameter of head 1 of piston, this design causes diameter herein
（That is the diameter of the piston skirt 2 in the direction of pin-and-hole 15）Close to the size of the long axis direction of piston skirt 2, so as to increase piston short axle
The guidance quality in direction, prevent occurring the phenomenon of engine knock during piston movement.
The spill port 14 of oil ring groove 10 and annular groove 12 is communicated with vesica piscis band 13.Oil is made by spill port 14
Annular groove 10 penetrates with annular groove 12, not only alleviates weight, adds the flexibility of piston skirt 2, and is advantageous to oil ring groove 10
The machine oil of the machine oil oil return at position, the particularly bottom of oil ring groove 10, is passed straight back in annular groove 12 by spill port 14, prevented
Because engine oil pressure height causes to alter on machine oil, machine oil loss is advantageously reduced, reduces the noxious emission of engine.
The outer wall of the bottom of piston skirt 2 forms ellipse with the outer wall of key seat 11 and is connected in its long axis direction with annular groove 12
It is logical.This design one is the weight that can mitigate piston, and the inertia force of reciprocating motion of the pistons is to starting when reducing engine work
Destruction caused by machine；Second, reducing heat transfer of the piston crown 1 to piston skirt 2, the several of the thermal fatigue failure of piston skirt 2 are reduced
Rate.
Spill port 14 is positioned close to be made up of the short axle of ellipse the outer wall of the bottom of piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11
The position in direction, in order to process.
Above-mentioned embodiment cannot function as limiting the scope of the invention, for the technology people of the art
For member, any alternate modification or conversion made to embodiment of the present invention are all fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Part is not described in detail by the present invention, is the known technology of those skilled in the art of the present technique.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons, including piston crown and piston skirt made of forged steel, its feature
It is：Piston crown is ring body, and the diameter of ring body end face is big, the diameter of other end is small, is provided with the top of piston skirt
One cavity being engaged with piston crown, piston crown are located in cavity, the excircle part of the big end face of piston crown diameter with
The inwall welding on cavity top, the first inconel weld is formed in the top surface of the excircle part of the big end face of piston crown diameter, it is living
The outer wall of boss of the inner circle part of the small end face of plug head diameter with being located at cavity bottom welds, small in piston crown diameter
The top surface of the inner circle part of end face forms the second inconel weld, piston crown excircle part and the inwall of cavity and bottom forms and sealed
The cooling oil chamber closed, oil inlet and oil-out are provided with the bottom of cooling oil chamber, from upper in the circumferential wall on piston skirt top
Compression and oil ring groove are down sequentially provided with, key seat is provided with bottom of skirt；
Form gap between the excircle part of the big end face of the piston crown diameter and the inwall on cavity top to coordinate, the work
The inner circle part of the small end face of plug head diameter and be located at cavity bottom boss outer wall between formed gap coordinate；
The outer wall of the bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form oval, the pin on oval short-axis direction and key seat
Hole direction is consistent；An annular groove is provided with piston skirt circumferential wall below oil ring groove, is formed between annular groove and oil ring groove
One vesica piscis band, the long axis direction of vesica piscis band are consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat；
First inconel weld extends parallel to one another and perpendicularly relative to the pin-and-hole axis direction with second inconel weld.
A kind of 2. double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In vesica piscis band
On be communicated with the spill port of oil ring groove and annular groove.
A kind of 3. double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Bottom of skirt
The ellipse that forms of outer wall of outer wall and key seat be connected in its long axis direction with annular groove.
A kind of 4. double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The spill port is set
Put close to the position for the oval short-axis direction being made up of the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat.
A kind of 5. double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：On piston skirt
Two compressions and an oil ring groove are sequentially provided with the circumferential wall in portion from top to bottom.
A kind of 6. double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Piston crown it is interior
Circular portion and the boss of cavity bottom form the pit of combustion chamber.
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| CN201510503428.2A CN105156222B (en) | 2015-08-17 | 2015-08-17 | A kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons |
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| CN201510503428.2A CN105156222B (en) | 2015-08-17 | 2015-08-17 | A kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons |
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| CN105156222B true CN105156222B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106285999A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Monoblock type internal combustion engine steel pistons, internal combustion engine, the vehicles and manufacture method |
| CN108087141B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-03-31 | 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 | Steel piston and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108644027A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-12 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | The steel pistons of gas machine |
| CN109236486A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-18 | 滨州渤海活塞有限公司 | Internal combustion engine novel steel pistons and internal combustion engine |
| CN111173638A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-19 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Penetration welding type forged steel piston and machining method thereof |
| CN112302828A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-02 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Large-cylinder-diameter integral forged steel piston |
| DE102021200419A1 (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Pistons for an internal combustion engine |
| CN115306578B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-05-21 | 马勒汽车技术（中国）有限公司 | Elliptical ring groove piston and engine |
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| DE10042207C2 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2003-01-23 | Federal Mogul Nuernberg Gmbh | Pistons for an internal combustion engine and method for producing a piston |
| US8671905B2 (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2014-03-18 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production |
| CN104005876B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2017-01-18 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Threaded welding type integral forged steel piston |
| CN204419382U (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-24 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | A kind of overall forging steel piston |
| CN204851464U (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-09 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Whole forged steel piston of two welding seams welding formula |
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