CN105156222A - Double-weld-joint welding type integrated forged steel piston - Google Patents
Double-weld-joint welding type integrated forged steel piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN105156222A CN105156222A CN201510503428.2A CN201510503428A CN105156222A CN 105156222 A CN105156222 A CN 105156222A CN 201510503428 A CN201510503428 A CN 201510503428A CN 105156222 A CN105156222 A CN 105156222A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-weld-joint welding type integrated forged steel piston which comprises a piston head and a piston skirt portion, all of which are made of forged steel. The piston head is located in a cavity. The outer circle part of the end face, with the large diameter, of the piston head is welded to the inner wall of the upper portion of the cavity. A first single-face welding joint is formed in the top face of the outer circle part of the end face, with the large diameter, of the piston head. The inner circle part of the end face, with the small diameter, of the piston head is welded to the outer wall of a boss at the bottom of the cavity. A second single-face welding joint is formed in the top face of the inner circle part of the end face, with the small diameter, of the piston head. The circumferential wall of the upper portion of the piston skirt portion is sequentially provided with gas ring grooves and an oil ring groove from top to bottom. The piston head is arranged in the cavity in the top of the piston skirt portion to be welded together, the piston head is firmly connected with the piston skirt portion, and the detachment phenomenon is avoided; the welding joints are formed in the outer side of a cooling oil cavity and easy to clean, and it is avoided that hard particles in the welding seams fall off, and engine cylinder scoring is caused.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the overall forging steel piston of a kind of two weld seam welding type.
Background technique
Piston is motor car engine " heart ", bears mechanical load and the heat load of alternation, is one of worst key components and parts of operating conditions in motor.The function of piston bears gas pressure, and pass to connecting rod by gudgeon pin shaft and order about crankshaft rotating, and the inefficacy of piston can cause motor to run out of steam, and even causes whole motor to be scrapped.
In recent ten years, engine design, manufacturing technology is able to rapid raising, particularly diesel engine is all to high-power, high load future development, reinforcing degree improves constantly, explosive force is more than 20MPa, emission request is more and more stricter simultaneously, although former aluminum piston has lightweight advantage, but aluminum alloy material can only at 350 DEG C stable operation, although take multiple enhancements, as: the first annular groove edge high-nickel austenite ring seat, first annular groove carries out laser hardening, to improve annular groove antiwear property, combustion chamber throat edge ceramic composite, combustion chamber throat carries out laser remolten refinement.To improve firing chamber anti-crack ability, but aluminium recovery is still difficult to the engine calls meeting Europe IV, Europe V standard.So aluminium material can not meet gradually engine high power, high strength, the requirement of discharge.Both at home and abroad plunger designs MANUFACTURER is devoted to design and develop and is not only had high reliability but also can meet novel piston that is economical and emission request for this reason, as the pendulum mass formula Hinged piston, cast-iron piston etc. of liquid die forging ceramic fiber structure piston, steel top aluminium apron structure, all there is certain shortcoming in above structure, as liquid die forging pottery fibrous structure aluminium recovery requires high to blank moulding process, particularly ceramic fiber structure, must under high pressure could be shaping; Pendulum mass formula hinging structure its piston head of piston and piston skirt separate machined manufacture, piston skirt due to Wall-Thickness Difference too large, foundary loss rate is higher, adds cost, and is difficult to form the oil pocket closed, piston cooling effect is poor, simultaneously because need the wrist pin more grown to connect, overall weight also increases to some extent, and cast-iron piston is in the fabrication process to environment, inner-cooling oil reservoir structure is difficult to realize, and the weight of piston is difficult to control.So the direction that present a lot of company is all selecting the PDT R&D Representative of ferrous materials substitution of Al alloy material, particularly forging steel piston material to work as secondary piston development, a lot of national big-and-middle-sized truck engine of America and Europe all instead of aluminium recovery with steel pistons now.
Prior art adopts the mode by the piston crown be forged into and the piston skirt be forged into are welded together by friction welding to manufacture piston, this manufacture causes the weld seam inside oil closed cavity not clear up, in cooling machine oil concussion, have hard particles come off, add the risk causing engine scuffing.In addition, when carrying out friction welding to piston crown and piston skirt, butt welding machine and welding parameter require very high, adjust improper being easy to and occur weld defects, and then cause piston crown in using process to be separated with piston skirt, cause scrapping of the even whole locomotive of engine damage.It is reported that certain friction welding piston domestic occurred repeatedly that welding part ftractureed, cause very large loss, in addition, friction welding needs to consume very large electricity, wastes energy.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the overall forging steel piston of a kind of two weld seam welding type, its reasonable in design, weld together in the cavity that piston crown is arranged on top, piston skirt, piston crown and piston skirt are connected firmly, there will not be " de-top " phenomenon, and weld seam is outside cooling oil chamber, easily clears up, the hard particles avoiding weld seam comes off thus causes engine scuffing, solves problems of the prior art.
The present invention for solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technological scheme is: it comprises the piston crown and piston skirt be made up of forged steel, piston crown is ring body, the diameter of ring body one end face is large, the diameter of other end is little, a cavity matched with piston crown is provided with at the top of piston skirt, piston crown is positioned at cavity, the excircle part of the end face that piston crown diameter is large is welded with the inwall on cavity top, the first inconel weld is formed at the end face of the excircle part of the large end face of piston crown diameter, the inner circle part of the end face that piston crown diameter is little is welded with the outer wall of the boss be located at bottom cavity, the second inconel weld is formed at the end face of the inner circle part of the little end face of piston crown diameter, closed cooling oil chamber is formed on the inwall of piston crown excircle part and cavity and bottom, filler opening and oil outlet is provided with in the bottom of cooling oil chamber, the peripheral wall on top, piston skirt is provided with compression and oil ring groove from top to bottom successively, key seat is provided with at bottom of skirt.
Form Spielpassung between the excircle part of the end face that described piston crown diameter is large and the inwall on cavity top, between the inner circle part of the end face that described piston crown diameter is little and the outer wall being located at the boss bottom cavity, form Spielpassung.
The outer wall of described bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form ellipse, and oval short-axis direction is consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.
Piston skirt peripheral wall below oil ring groove is provided with a circular groove, and form an oval endless belt between circular groove and oil ring groove, the long axis direction of oval endless belt is consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.
Oval endless belt is provided with the spill port being communicated with oil ring groove and circular groove.
The outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form ellipse and are connected with circular groove at its long axis direction.
Described spill port is arranged on the position near being made up of oval short-axis direction the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat.
The peripheral wall on top, piston skirt is provided with two compressions and an oil ring groove from top to bottom successively.
Boss bottom the inner circle part of piston crown and cavity forms the pit of firing chamber.
The present invention adopts such scheme, has the following advantages:
1, piston crown is arranged in the cavity at top, piston skirt, and is welded together by the first inconel weld and the second inconel weld, and piston crown is connected more firm with piston skirt; Because operationally piston crown only bears pressure stress, therefore to welding requirement be not very high, just can reach requirement with common welding (as argon arc welding, laser beam welding etc.), simplify welding procedure, reduce cost.
2, the first inconel weld and the second inconel weld are outside cooling oil chamber, easily clear up, and can not form weld seam, there will not be hard particles in engine working process in cooling oil chamber in cooling oil chamber, reduce the probability of scuffing of cylinder bore.
3, when piston works in cylinder body, stuck phenomenon may be there is, if be now just in time in workmanship stroke, flywheel drives piston rod to pull piston skirt to move downward under effect of inertia, piston gas ring and oil ring form very large pulling force to compression and oil ring groove upper side, " de-top " (piston crown is separated with piston skirt) phenomenon may be there is, cause engine damage.Compression, oil ring groove are arranged on piston skirt by the present invention, reduce above-mentioned phenomenon odds.
4, form Spielpassung between the excircle part of the end face that piston crown diameter is large and the inwall on cavity top, between the inner circle part of the end face that piston crown diameter is little and the outer wall being located at the boss bottom cavity, form Spielpassung.Namely the welding part of piston crown and piston skirt adopts Spielpassung, reduces difficulty of processing and assembling difficulty.Gap is within 0.1-0.15mm scope.
5, the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form ellipse, and oval short-axis direction is consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.Because the metal at piston pin hole place is more, this design can by the distortion that produced by the factor such as thermal expansion during pistons work along pin-and-hole Directional Extension, piston skirt cross section is made to become sub-circular, thus can obtain when pistons work wider evenly supporting plane, also make piston skirt and cylinder wall better fit simultaneously, reduce and join cylinder air gap, be conducive to reducing piston skirt specific pressure, reduce the impact of piston countercylinder wall, reduce noise when motor runs.
6, the piston skirt peripheral wall below oil ring groove is provided with a circular groove, and form an oval endless belt between circular groove and oil ring groove, the long axis direction of oval endless belt is consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.Namely the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form oval perpendicular with oval endless belt.Owing to not leading in the piston skirt in pin-and-hole direction, much less than piston skirt of the head diameter of piston, this design makes diameter (i.e. the diameter of the piston skirt in pin-and-hole direction) herein close to the size of piston skirt long axis direction, thus increase the guidance quality of piston short-axis direction, prevent the phenomenon occurring engine knock during piston movement.
7, on oval endless belt, be provided with the spill port being communicated with oil ring groove and circular groove.By spill port make oil ring groove and circular groove through, not only alleviate weight, add the flexibility of piston skirt, and be conducive to the machine oil oil return at oil ring groove position, machine oil particularly bottom oil ring groove, is directly back in circular groove by spill port, prevents from causing because engine oil pressure is high machine oil is altered, be conducive to reducing machine oil loss, decrease the noxious emission of motor.
8, the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form and oval to be connected with circular groove at its long axis direction.This design one is the weight that can alleviate piston, the destruction that the inertial force reducing reciprocating motion of the pistons during engine operation causes motor; Two is reduce piston crown to the heat trnasfer of piston skirt, reduces the probability of piston skirt thermal fatigue failure.
9, spill port is arranged on the position near being made up of oval short-axis direction the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat, so that processing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side, sectional structural representation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the worm's eye view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is perspective view of the present invention.
In figure, 1, piston crown, 2, piston skirt, 3, the first inconel weld, 4, boss, the 5, second inconel weld, 6, cooling oil chamber, 7, filler opening, 8, oil outlet, 9, compression, 10, oil ring groove, 11, key seat, 12, circular groove, 13, oval endless belt, 14, spill port, 15, pin-and-hole, 16, pit.
Embodiment
For clearly demonstrating the technical characterstic of this programme, below by embodiment, and in conjunction with its accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to 4, the present invention includes the piston crown 1 be made up of forged steel and piston skirt 2.Piston crown 1 is ring body, and the diameter of ring body one end face diameter that is large, other end is little.Be provided with a cavity matched with piston crown 1 at the top of piston skirt 2, piston crown 1 is positioned at cavity.Form Spielpassung between the excircle part of the end face that piston crown 1 diameter is large and the inwall on cavity top, between the inner circle part of the end face that piston crown 1 diameter is little and the outer wall being located at the boss 4 bottom cavity, form Spielpassung.The excircle part of the end face that piston crown 1 diameter is large is welded with the inwall on cavity top, the first inconel weld 3 is formed at the end face of the excircle part of the large end face of piston crown 1 diameter, the inner circle part of the end face that piston crown 1 diameter is little is welded with the outer wall of the boss 4 be located at bottom cavity, forms the second inconel weld 5 at the end face of the inner circle part of the little end face of piston crown 1 diameter.First inconel weld 3 and the second inconel weld 5 are circular.Closed cooling oil chamber 6 is formed on the inwall of piston crown 1 excircle part and cavity and bottom, is provided with filler opening 7 and oil outlet 8 in the bottom of cooling oil chamber 6.The peripheral wall on top, piston skirt 2 is provided with two compressions 9 and an oil ring groove 10 from top to bottom successively.Key seat 11 is provided with in bottom, piston skirt 2.Boss 4 bottom the inner circle part of piston crown 1 and cavity forms the pit 16 of firing chamber.The outer wall of bottom, piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11 form ellipse, and oval short-axis direction is consistent with pin-and-hole 15 direction on key seat 11.Piston skirt 2 peripheral wall below oil ring groove 10 is provided with a circular groove 12, forms an oval endless belt 13 between circular groove 12 and oil ring groove 10, the long axis direction of oval endless belt 13 is consistent with pin-and-hole 15 direction on key seat 11.The outer wall of bottom, piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11 form ellipse and are connected with circular groove 12 at its long axis direction.Oval endless belt 13 is provided with the spill port 14 being communicated with oil ring groove 10 and circular groove 12.Spill port 14 is arranged on the position near being made up of oval short-axis direction the outer wall of bottom, piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11.
Piston crown 1 is arranged in the cavity at top, piston skirt 2, and is welded together by the first inconel weld 3 and the second inconel weld 5, and piston crown 1 is connected more firm with piston skirt 2; Because operationally piston crown 1 only bears pressure stress, therefore to welding requirement be not very high, just can reach requirement with common welding (as argon arc welding, laser beam welding etc.), simplify welding procedure, reduce cost.
First inconel weld 3 and the second inconel weld 5, outside cooling oil chamber 6, are easily cleared up, and can not form weld seam, there will not be hard particles, reduce the probability of scuffing of cylinder bore in engine working process in cooling oil chamber in cooling oil chamber 6.
When piston works in cylinder body, stuck phenomenon may be there is, if be now just in time in workmanship stroke, flywheel drives piston rod to pull piston skirt 2 to move downward under effect of inertia, piston gas ring and oil ring form very large pulling force to compression 9 and oil ring groove 10 upper side, " de-top " (piston crown 1 is separated with piston skirt 2) phenomenon may be there is, cause engine damage.Compression 9, oil ring groove 10 are arranged on piston skirt 2 by the present invention, reduce above-mentioned phenomenon odds.
Form Spielpassung between the excircle part of the end face that piston crown 1 diameter is large and the inwall on cavity top, between the inner circle part of the end face that piston crown 1 diameter is little and the outer wall being located at the boss 4 bottom cavity, form Spielpassung.Namely piston crown 1 adopts Spielpassung with the welding part of piston skirt 2, reduces difficulty of processing and assembling difficulty.Gap is within 0.1-0.15mm scope.
The outer wall of bottom, piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11 form ellipse, and oval short-axis direction is consistent with pin-and-hole 15 direction on key seat 11.Because the metal at piston pin hole 15 place is more, this design can by the distortion that produced by the factor such as thermal expansion during pistons work along pin-and-hole 15 Directional Extension, piston skirt 2 cross section is made to become sub-circular, thus can obtain when pistons work wider evenly supporting plane, also make piston skirt 2 and cylinder wall better fit simultaneously, reduce and join cylinder air gap, be conducive to reducing piston skirt 2 specific pressure, reduce the impact of piston countercylinder wall, reduce noise when motor runs.
Piston skirt 2 peripheral wall below oil ring groove 10 is provided with a circular groove 12, forms an oval endless belt 13 between circular groove 12 and oil ring groove 10, the long axis direction of oval endless belt 13 is consistent with pin-and-hole 15 direction on key seat 11.Namely the outer wall of bottom, piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11 form oval perpendicular with oval endless belt 13.Due to the not guiding of the piston skirt 2 in pin-and-hole 15 direction, much less than piston skirt 2 of head 1 diameter of piston, this design makes diameter (i.e. the diameter of the piston skirt 2 in pin-and-hole 15 direction) herein close to the size of piston skirt 2 long axis direction, thus increase the guidance quality of piston short-axis direction, prevent the phenomenon occurring engine knock during piston movement.
Oval endless belt 13 is provided with the spill port 14 being communicated with oil ring groove 10 and circular groove 12.Make oil ring groove 10 and circular groove 12 through by spill port 14, not only alleviate weight, add the flexibility of piston skirt 2, and be conducive to the machine oil oil return at oil ring groove 10 position, machine oil particularly bottom oil ring groove 10, is directly back in circular groove 12 by spill port 14, prevents from causing because engine oil pressure is high machine oil is altered, be conducive to reducing machine oil loss, decrease the noxious emission of motor.
The outer wall of bottom, piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11 form ellipse and are connected with circular groove 12 at its long axis direction.This design one is the weight that can alleviate piston, the destruction that the inertial force reducing reciprocating motion of the pistons during engine operation causes motor; Two is the heat trnasfer reducing piston crown 1 pair of piston skirt 2, reduces the probability of piston skirt 2 thermal fatigue failure.
Spill port 14 is arranged on the position near being made up of oval short-axis direction the outer wall of bottom, piston skirt 2 and the outer wall of key seat 11, so that processing.
Above-mentioned embodiment can not as limiting the scope of the invention, and for those skilled in the art, any alternate modification make embodiment of the present invention or conversion all drop in protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention does not describe part in detail, is the known technology of those skilled in the art of the present technique.
Claims (9)
1. the overall forging steel piston of two weld seam welding type, comprise the piston crown and piston skirt be made up of forged steel, it is characterized in that: piston crown is ring body, the diameter of ring body one end face is large, the diameter of other end is little, a cavity matched with piston crown is provided with at the top of piston skirt, piston crown is positioned at cavity, the excircle part of the end face that piston crown diameter is large is welded with the inwall on cavity top, the first inconel weld is formed at the end face of the excircle part of the large end face of piston crown diameter, the inner circle part of the end face that piston crown diameter is little is welded with the outer wall of the boss be located at bottom cavity, the second inconel weld is formed at the end face of the inner circle part of the little end face of piston crown diameter, closed cooling oil chamber is formed on the inwall of piston crown excircle part and cavity and bottom, filler opening and oil outlet is provided with in the bottom of cooling oil chamber, the peripheral wall on top, piston skirt is provided with compression and oil ring groove from top to bottom successively, key seat is provided with at bottom of skirt.
2. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between the excircle part of the end face that described piston crown diameter is large and the inwall on cavity top, form Spielpassung, between the inner circle part of the end face that described piston crown diameter is little and the outer wall being located at the boss bottom cavity, form Spielpassung.
3. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer wall of described bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form ellipse, oval short-axis direction is consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.
4. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the piston skirt peripheral wall below oil ring groove is provided with a circular groove, form an oval endless belt between circular groove and oil ring groove, the long axis direction of oval endless belt is consistent with the pin-and-hole direction on key seat.
5. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 4, is characterized in that: on oval endless belt, be provided with the spill port being communicated with oil ring groove and circular groove.
6. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat form ellipse and be connected with circular groove at its long axis direction.
7. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described spill port is arranged on the position near being made up of oval short-axis direction the outer wall of bottom of skirt and the outer wall of key seat.
8. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the peripheral wall on top, piston skirt, be provided with two compressions and an oil ring groove from top to bottom successively.
9. the overall forging steel piston of the two weld seam welding type of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the boss bottom the inner circle part of piston crown and cavity forms the pit of firing chamber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510503428.2A CN105156222B (en) | 2015-08-17 | 2015-08-17 | A kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons |
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| CN201510503428.2A CN105156222B (en) | 2015-08-17 | 2015-08-17 | A kind of double weld seam welded type entirety forging steel pistons |
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| CN105156222B CN105156222B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106285999A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Monoblock type internal combustion engine steel pistons, internal combustion engine, the vehicles and manufacture method |
| CN108087141A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of steel pistons and its manufacturing method |
| CN108644027A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-12 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | The steel pistons of gas machine |
| CN109236486A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-18 | 滨州渤海活塞有限公司 | Internal combustion engine novel steel pistons and internal combustion engine |
| CN111173638A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-19 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Penetration welding type forged steel piston and machining method thereof |
| CN112302828A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-02 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Large-cylinder-diameter integral forged steel piston |
| DE102021200419A1 (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Pistons for an internal combustion engine |
| WO2024038140A1 (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | Mahle International Gmbh | Elliptical ring groove piston and engine |
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| CN204419382U (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-24 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | A kind of overall forging steel piston |
| CN204851464U (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-09 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Whole forged steel piston of two welding seams welding formula |
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| DE10042207A1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-28 | Federal Mogul Nuernberg Gmbh | Cast aluminum engine piston for demanding applications has conical insert of heat resistant alloy welded between base and gudgeon pin bores |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106285999A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Monoblock type internal combustion engine steel pistons, internal combustion engine, the vehicles and manufacture method |
| CN108087141A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of steel pistons and its manufacturing method |
| CN108087141B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-03-31 | 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 | Steel piston and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108644027A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-12 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | The steel pistons of gas machine |
| CN109236486A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-18 | 滨州渤海活塞有限公司 | Internal combustion engine novel steel pistons and internal combustion engine |
| CN111173638A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-19 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Penetration welding type forged steel piston and machining method thereof |
| CN112302828A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-02 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Large-cylinder-diameter integral forged steel piston |
| DE102021200419A1 (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Pistons for an internal combustion engine |
| WO2024038140A1 (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | Mahle International Gmbh | Elliptical ring groove piston and engine |
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| CN105156222B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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