CN105332813A - Engine piston - Google Patents
Engine piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN105332813A CN105332813A CN201410620892.5A CN201410620892A CN105332813A CN 105332813 A CN105332813 A CN 105332813A CN 201410620892 A CN201410620892 A CN 201410620892A CN 105332813 A CN105332813 A CN 105332813A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of structural design of engine components, in particular to an engine piston. The engine piston comprises a piston head (1) and a piston skirt (2) which are of split structures; an annular groove (4), a burning chamber (5) and an inner cooling oil channel (6) are machined in the piston head (1), and a single middle-mounted pin base (7) is arranged in the middle of a cavity of the piston head (1); a pin hole (11) perpendicular to the axis of the piston head (1) is machined in one end, far away from the piston head (1), of the middle-mounted pin base (7); the piston skirt (2) is in a barrel shape; the middle-mounted pin base (7) of the piston head (1) penetrates the barrel-shaped inner cavity from one end of the piston skirt (2); and the piston skirt (2) relatively penetrates into the middle-mounted pin base (7) in the inner cavity, a pin base hole (8) coaxial with a pin hole (11) of the middle-mounted pin base (7) is formed in the lateral wall, and pin connection of a three-pin-base structure is achieved by the piston head (1) and the piston skirt (2) through the above structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engine components structure-design technique field, be specifically related to a kind of engine piston.
Background technique
The function of piston bears combustion-gas pressure, and pass to connecting rod by wrist pin and order about crankshaft rotating, the constituent element of piston head or firing chamber 500.
Light aluminum alloy is because own wt is light, specific strength high, and be widely applied as the preferred material manufacturing piston, the piston be made up of conventional aluminum alloy as shown in Figure 1.In recent years, due to improving constantly and the increasingly stringent of emission request (state IV, state V) of diesel engine and natural gas engine reinforcing degree, piston bears higher heat load and mechanical load as the core component of motor, therefore to the structure of piston and the requirement of material stricter.Conventional aluminum alloy piston is more and more difficult to the usage requirement meeting the severe rugged environments such as more and more large cylinder pressure, jet pressure and high temperature, it is special in internal-combustion engine pressure of explosion is more than 20MPa, ferrous materials has high thermodynamic property and excellent wear resistance and good hot working and mechanical processing technique due to it, becomes the preferred material improving piston performance further.Conventional piston connecting rod assembly structure, the key seat number that when being connected between connecting rod with piston, piston adopts is generally two or four; Connecting rod after adopting wrist pin to connect and piston realize piston to-and-fro motion under cylinder sleeve leads, and the pressure of explosion produced are changed into the to-and-fro motion of bent axle in cylinder, thus continue to export energy.
The main structure of steel pistons of the prior art has: integrated type, combined type and hinge; Steel pistons of the prior art, in structural design, generally adopts the linkage structure of two or four key seat.Steel pistons is further improved compared with conventional aluminum piston in resistance to heat, the Common advantages of three kinds of technological schemes is: adopt steel metal to manufacture integral type or split type forged steel and cast-iron piston, the raising of piston intensity and heat resistance, meets the technical requirementss such as internal-combustion engine high power, high detonation pressure, high heat load.But the same subject matter existed is, the plastic deformation of Steel material and castability are relatively poor, due to steel pistons structure relative complex, this technological scheme makes piston when the performance parameter meeting motor requires, the shaping relative difficulty of blank is large, particularly in piston, the technology capability of cooling oil duct 600 is poor, and manufacture difficulty is large, and cost of production is high; Irrational mix makes the steel pistons weight of conventional construction, and comparatively aluminum alloy increase is comparatively large, adds the mechanical load of engine crankshaft, connecting rod.
Integral Steel piston blank forging molding or casting, realized by machining, the main improvement of Integral Steel piston is with heat-resistant material substitution of Al alloy, improve piston intensity and head temperature capacity, Integral Steel piston is designed with two symmetrical key seats at piston cavity usually, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 2; The processing that one-piece piston makes due to cooling oil duct needs, and must offer slot to make way 900 in skirt section, must lengthen the length in skirt section, add piston weight while being opened in of slot to make way 900 reduces skirt section load area; Offering of slot to make way 900, the intensity that also should ensure key seat not reason fluting and weakening, this also increases piston compression high, adds piston weight; Meanwhile, also there is Integral Steel piston, blank moulded manufacturability is poor, and piston crown difficulty of processing is large, and technology capability is poor, the shortcoming that manufacture cost is high.
Combined steel piston: combined steel piston has two symmetrical key seats in position, piston skirt, head forged steel or cast iron shaping operation, different combinations of materials is according to requirements adopted after skirt section cast iron or wrought aluminium shaping operation, head and skirt section high-strength bolt connect, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 3; Combined steel piston crown separates with skirt section and manufactures and designs, and head Steel material improves the temperature capacity of piston combustion bowl 500, and skirt section aluminum alloy substitutes, and improves manufacturability and reduces piston deadweight; Bear because the load between head and skirt section only relies on high-strength bolt to connect, corresponding higher requirement is also proposed to the intensity in skirt section and wall thickness; Piston length is also increased while adding piston weight; Meanwhile, also there is manufacturing process complexity, the shortcoming that manufacture cost is high.
Hinge steel pistons head adopts forged steel shaping, and skirt section adopts cast aluminium, cast iron shaping.Head large for manufacture difficulty is separated with skirt section and manufactures and designs, piston crown has two symmetrical key seats bearing pressure of explosion, there are two symmetrical to bear lateral force key seat in position, piston skirt, by wrist pin, head is connected with skirt section, pump in cylinder sleeve, piston crown does not contact with skirt section, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 4.Hinge steel pistons skirt section is played guiding and is born lateral force, and skirt section key seat and pin-and-hole do not bear cylinder-firing pressure, only bear lateral force; Head processing annular groove, firing chamber 500, pin-and-hole, interior oil cooling passage etc., head key seat and pin-and-hole play support and connection function, bear cylinder-firing pressure; Owing to there is gap between hinge steel pistons head and skirt section, and adopt between steel pistons head and skirt section and be movably hinged; Meanwhile, hinge steel pistons steel top aluminium (iron) skirt piston weight has certain increase compared with conventional aluminum piston weight, but the shaping difficulty of piston crown, technology capability is poor, and increases a lot than traditional reinforced aluminium alloy piston cost.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The invention provides a kind of engine piston, solve steel pistons of the prior art, piston weight is large, and difficulty of processing is large, the high technical problem bigger than normal of piston compression.
(2) technological scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of engine piston, comprise piston crown and piston skirt, described piston crown and piston skirt are split-type structural; Described piston crown is processed with annular groove, firing chamber and interior cooling oil duct; Described piston skirt is tubular, and described piston crown is provided with an independent mid-key seat in the middle of the end face of side, piston skirt, and described mid-key seat is processed with the pin-and-hole with described piston crown axis perpendicular away from one end of piston crown; The mid-key seat of described piston crown penetrates the inner chamber of its tubular from one end of described piston skirt; Described piston skirt relative to the mid-key seat run through into its inner chamber, on sidewall symmetrical be provided with two with the key seat hole of the pin-and-hole coaxial line of described mid-key seat, the pin that described piston crown realizes three pin structures with piston skirt by said structure is connected.
Preferably, the wall thickness of sidewall sidewall around the wall thickness of the position being provided with key seat hole is greater than of described piston skirt.
Preferably, the pin-and-hole of described mid-key seat is circular or oval; The key seat hole that described piston skirt sidewall is arranged is for circular or oval.
Preferably, hole wall place, described key seat hole is processed with circlip groove.
Preferably, described piston crown and piston skirt are oval perpendicular to the cross section of piston axis; Through the axis of piston skirt, and be cydariform perpendicular to the cross section of the centerline hole in key seat hole.
Preferably, after described piston crown and piston skirt realize selling and be connected, between the lower end surface of described piston crown and the top end face of described piston skirt, there is gap;
Described interior cooling oil duct is groove structure, is positioned at piston crown, and by sealing plate welding and flanging sealing.
Preferably, described piston skirt towards one end of described piston crown, the extended joint having ring-type to skirt axis direction;
Described joint is respectively arranged with corresponding groove structure with on the end face of described piston crown;
By by friction welding between described joint and the end face of described piston crown, to obtain cooling oil duct in the sealing that is combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence.
Preferably, described piston crown comprises first portion and second portion;
The end face that described first portion is fixedly connected with second portion is respectively arranged with corresponding groove structure and groove structure;
By by friction welding between described first portion and second portion end face, cooling oil duct in obtaining being combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence, and the cavity be combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence, thus be beneficial to the cooling of firing chamber;
Ribs is provided with in described cavity;
Described ribs enhances the support to mid-key seat, and is divided into two by described cavity, forms two interior cooling oil chambers;
From being furnished with the first welded joint, interior cooling oil duct, the second welded joint, interior cooling oil chamber, ribs inward successively outward on the bottom end face of described piston crown;
Be provided with between described interior cooling oil duct with described interior cooling oil chamber and be communicated with oilhole, and described connection oilhole is positioned at the below of described second welded joint;
Described two interior cooling oil chamber inner bottom surfaces are provided with out oil hole, go out oil hole corresponding with the oil collecting hole of connecting rod small end, be beneficial to the lubrication of connecting rod small end.
Preferably, after described piston crown is connected with piston skirt pin, there is gap between the lower end surface of described piston crown and the top end face of described piston skirt, described gap location is provided with butterfly spring, described butterfly spring in described gap along piston shaft to there is partial elastic deformation.
Preferably, blank special-shaped seamless Al-alloy pipe segmentation cutting in described piston skirt forms.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention adopts the connection of the real piston crown of three pin structures and piston skirt, wherein the key seat of piston crown symmetrically arranged double-pin seat in prior art becomes single key seat, realize connecting equally and the power that withstands shocks function basis on simplify the Forging Technology, the particularly processing of piston crown cooling oil duct of piston crown; Adopt three pin structures that the Integral Steel piston in the connection hinge structure of piston crown and piston skirt is processed cooling oil duct in piston crown with regard to realizing without the need to the setting carrying out slot to make way structure, the height dimension of piston is decreased from structure, at saving material, the basis alleviating piston weight further reduces piston compression high; The reduction that piston compression is high causes the overall height of internal-combustion engine and weight further to be reduced indirectly, and the macroeconomic of motor is further promoted.
The pin-and-hole of the mid-key seat in the present invention is circular or oval, and the key seat hole on the sidewall of piston skirt is also circular or oval, and this structure improves the stressing conditions of wrist pin with matching, for the structural strength improving piston further provides support.
Three pin structures that the present invention adopts are by further processing the connection that can realize piston crown and piston skirt three kinds of structural types, be respectively: piston skirt and piston crown do not contact the three key seat hinge pistons be connected to form by pin, the three key seat one-piece pistons that piston skirt and piston crown are realized by friction welding, the three key seat elastic hinge joint formula pistons that piston skirt and head piston portion elasticity are connected to form
Wherein:
In in three key seat hinge pistons, cooling oil duct flanging and welding seal, and piston crown does not contact with piston skirt, is connected by wrist pin;
Three key seat one-piece pistons optimize the Placement realizing piston crown and piston skirt and realize being fastenedly connected further, optimize piston structure.
In three key seat elastic hinge joint formula pistons, apply butterfly spring, piston crown and piston skirt elasticity under the compressing of wrist pin is connected, described butterfly spring elasticity under the squeezing action repeatedly of piston crown and piston skirt not easily lost efficacy; Meanwhile, the oil recess structure of described piston crown enhances the cooling to firing chamber, improves piston cooling effect;
Technique scheme of the present invention also tool has the following advantages:
The present invention is on the basis meeting the reliability that internal-combustion engine under extreme conditions works, and the Rational Simplification structure of piston, improves the balance of piston movement; By structure optimization, the weight of steel pistons is reduced, and reduces the risk of power failure, for the further raising of engine flare pressure provides technical support; Three key seats linkage structure design the structure of piston crown and piston skirt is become more simple, shape and the stability hinge structure of piston are obtained for further lifting; Further increase the processing operability of piston crown, in the processing of interior cooling oil duct, performance is more outstanding; Be beneficial to and do further optimization to the structure of piston crown inner chamber roof, therefore the thickness of piston head can obtain further reduction; Alleviate piston deadweight; Improve the preparation process of piston skirt, entirety is easy to processing, saves fabricating cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technological scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is all-aluminium piston structure sectional view in prior art;
Fig. 2 is Integral Steel piston sectional view in prior art;
Fig. 3 is combined steel piston sectional view in prior art;
Fig. 4 is hinge steel pistons assembling schematic diagram in prior art;
Fig. 5 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of the three key seat hinge engine pistons that embodiment one provides;
Fig. 6 is the schematic front view of the piston crown provided in embodiment one;
Fig. 7 is that the master of the piston crown provided in embodiment one looks cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 8 is the schematic top plan view of the piston skirt provided in embodiment one;
Fig. 9 be in Fig. 8 A to cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 10 is the schematic front view of the piston skirt provided in embodiment one;
Figure 11 be in Figure 10 B to cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 12 be the sealing plate of the interior cooling oil duct provided in embodiment one cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 13 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of the three key seat integrated type engine pistons that embodiment two provides;
Figure 14 is the schematic front view of the piston crown that embodiment two provides;
Figure 15 is that the piston crown master that embodiment two provides looks cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 16 is the piston skirt schematic top plan view that embodiment two provides;
Figure 17 be in Figure 16 C to cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 18 is the piston skirt schematic front view that embodiment two provides;
Figure 19 be in Figure 18 D to cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 20 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of the three key seat elastic hinge joint formula engine pistons that embodiment three provides;
Figure 21 is the schematic front view of the piston crown that embodiment three provides;
Figure 22 is that the master of the piston crown that embodiment three provides looks cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 23 is that the master of the piston crown first portion that embodiment three provides looks cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 24 is the schematic top plan view of the piston crown second portion that embodiment three provides;
Figure 25 be in Figure 24 E to cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 26 be in Figure 24 F to cross-sectional schematic;
The cross-sectional schematic of the piston skirt blank of the Al-alloy pipe structure that Figure 27 embodiment three provides;
Wherein: 1, piston crown; 2, piston skirt; 3, butterfly spring; 4, annular groove; 5, firing chamber; 6, interior cooling oil duct; 7, mid-key seat; 8, key seat hole; 9, ribs; 10, circlip groove; 11, pin-and-hole; 12, sealing plate; 13, flanging position; 14, welding position; 15, welded joint; 16, interior cooling oil chamber; 17, first portion; 18, second portion; 19, oilhole is communicated with; 20, oil hole is gone out.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples only for illustration of the present invention, but can not be used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, in describing the invention, it should be noted that, term " " center ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward " etc. instruction orientation or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship; be only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of instruction or imply indication device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.More important point is, in the present invention, all concrete processing technologys and processing sequence are all operability in order to proof scheme or a kind of preferred processing scheme of hint, and should not be considered as bringing restriction to the piston structure of the application.
In the present invention, the something in common of each embodiment is its three pin structures form, and each embodiment core provides a kind of piston piston pin boss being carried out to innovative design.Particularly, described three piston pin bosses are arranged in piston crown and piston skirt.Devise a mid-key seat of axle bed formula at piston crown inner chamber, bear the impact that cylindrical implosion sends out pressure, reciprocal inertia force; The sidewall of piston skirt is provided with two symmetrical key seat holes, have the wall thickness of the position in key seat hole to be greater than the wall thickness of sidewall around, key seat hole counter structure is exactly skirt section key seat, and the lateral force of connecting rod to piston is born in key seat hole, prevent the play of wrist pin, key seat hole, skirt section is circular or oval.
In each embodiment, engine piston comprises piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2, and described piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 are split-type structural; Described piston crown 1 is processed with annular groove 4, firing chamber 5 and interior cooling oil duct 6; Described piston skirt 2 is tubular, and described piston crown 1 is provided with an independent mid-key seat 7 in the middle of the end face of side, piston skirt 2, and described mid-key seat 7 is processed with the pin-and-hole 11 with described piston crown 1 axis perpendicular away from one end of piston crown 1; The mid-key seat 7 of described piston crown 1 penetrates the inner chamber of its tubular from one end of described piston skirt 2; Described piston skirt 2 is relative to the mid-key seat 7 run through into its inner chamber, on sidewall symmetrical be provided with two with the key seat hole 8 of pin-and-hole 11 coaxial line of described mid-key seat 7, the pin that described piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 realize three pin structures by said structure is connected.
In order to meet mechanics load bearing requirements, in the structure of the piston skirt of all embodiments, the wall thickness of sidewall sidewall around the wall thickness of the position being provided with key seat hole 8 is greater than of preferred described piston skirt 2.
In order to prevent the play of wrist pin, in all embodiments, be preferably processed with circlip groove 10 at hole wall place, described key seat hole 8.In addition, the pin-and-hole 11 of preferred mid-key seat is circular or oval; The key seat hole 8 that described piston skirt 2 sidewall is arranged is for circular or oval.
In all embodiments, preferred described piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 be ellipse perpendicular to the cross section of piston axis; Cross the axis of piston skirt 2, the cross section perpendicular to key seat hole 8 centerline hole is cydariform.
Apply to the situation in different engine pistons for by three pin structures in the present invention below, describe the technique effect that the concrete structure of piston and described structure are brought in different embodiments one by one.
Embodiment one
Refer to Fig. 5-Figure 12, these figure give the structural representation of present embodiment engine piston.
In this embodiment between piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 by hinged fixing formation three key seat hinge piston.Piston in the present embodiment preferably adopts steel top aluminium/iron skirt structure.
The piston crown 1 machined is aligned with mounting point, piston skirt 2, piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 couple together through key seat hole, skirt section, side 8, the pin-and-hole 11 of mid-key seat 7, opposite side key seat hole, piston skirt 28 by wrist pin successively, top, piston skirt 2 end face does not contact with piston crown 1, completes the assembling of three key seat hinge pistons.
Piston crown 1 forging molding, the annular groove 4 of piston crown 1, firing chamber 5, interior cooling oil duct 6 are consistent with traditional hinge piston, repeat no more herein.First piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 complete the processing of physical dimension before assembling.At the mid-key seat 7 of head cavity central position innovative design one, bear the pressure of explosion of cylinder; The axis of mid-key seat 7 is vertical with piston centreline, and the design of pin-and-hole 11 meets load bearing requirements, and mid-key seat 7 outside dimensions will meet the assembly space of connecting rod small end; Cooling oil duct 6 is had between piston ring groove 4 and firing chamber 5; Piston cavity and mid-key seat 7 outside dimensions will meet the rotation of connecting rod small end; Rigging position and size corresponding with skirt section, meet matching requirements.
Piston skirt 2 is forged or casting, and in the design of piston skirt 2 and prior art, hinge piston structure is basically identical, completes the processing of physical dimension before assembling.Piston skirt 2 is bottomless cylindrical shape, and in side, piston skirt 2 tooling pin bore 8, the skirt sidewalls thickness at key seat hole 8 place is greater than the thickness of peripheral skirt sidewall, and key seat hole 8 axis is consistent with mid-key seat 7 axis, and the design in key seat hole 8 meets load requirement; In key seat hole 8, processing circlip groove 10, prevents the play of wrist pin; Rigging position and size corresponding with piston crown 1, meet matching requirements.
Certainly it should be noted that, the interior cooling oil duct 6 of this programme is preferably placed at the groove structure of piston crown.The seal form of described interior cooling oil duct 6 is: opening annular seal plate 12 being placed on cooling oil duct 6 in piston crown 1, and sealing plate 12 cylindrical and piston crown 1 adopt flanging to seal, and flanging position 13 is at sealing plate 12 cylindrical and piston crown 1 junction point; Sealing plate 12 inner circle and piston crown 1 adopt welded seal, and welding position 14 is at the junction point of sealing plate 12 inner circle and piston crown 1.Wherein, the structure of sealing plate 12 refers to Figure 12.
Embodiment two
Refer to Figure 13-Figure 19, these figure give the structural representation of present embodiment engine piston.
Three key seat one-piece pistons are formed by friction welding between piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 in this mode of execution.In the present embodiment, piston preferably adopts full steel structure.
Three key seat one-piece pistons are formed by piston crown 1, piston skirt 2, and are connected by friction welding.Being aimed at by the welded joint 15 of piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2, carry out friction welding by friction-welding machine to piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2, is semi-finished product after piston crown 1 welds with piston skirt 2.Wherein, described piston skirt 2 towards one end of described piston crown 1, the extended joint having ring-type to skirt axis direction; Described joint is respectively arranged with corresponding groove structure with on the end face of described piston crown 1; By by friction welding between described joint and the end face of described piston crown 1, to obtain cooling oil duct 6 in the sealing that is combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence.In addition, plug ring groove 4, the firing chamber 5 of piston crown are all consistent with in prior art, therefore repeat no more.Carry out fine finishing to piston after friction welding, other structure and the geomeries such as the turnover oilhole (not shown) of machining piston annular groove 4, firing chamber 5, pin-and-hole 11, interior cooling oil duct 6, complete three key seat one-piece piston products.Certainly it should be noted that the processing sequence of piston structure does not form the restriction to this programme herein, and play a kind of impulse.
In this programme, piston crown 1 forging molding, mid-key seat 7 is in piston crown 1 lumen centers position, and first roughing outside piston, oil cooling passage 6, mid-key seat 7 external shape in fine finishing, process the welded joint 15 of annular by friction welding process requirement.
In this programme, at the mid-key seat 7 of piston crown 1 lumen centers position innovative design one, bear the pressure of explosion of cylinder; Mid-key seat 7 is designed with pin-and-hole 11, and pin-and-hole 11 axis is vertical with piston centreline, and the design of pin-and-hole 11 meets load bearing requirements, and mid-key seat 7 outside dimensions will meet the assembly space of connecting rod small end; Cooling oil duct 6 is had between piston ring groove 4 and firing chamber 5; Piston cavity and mid-key seat 7 outside dimensions will meet the rotation of connecting rod small end.
Piston skirt 2 forging molding, key seat hole, piston skirt 28 is symmetricly set on side, skirt section, first roughing outside piston, processes the welded joint 15 of annular by friction welding process requirement.
The design of piston skirt 2 is consistent with hinge piston structure in prior art, completes the processing of physical dimension before assembling.Piston skirt 2 is bottomless cylinder-like structure, is processed with key seat hole 8 in side, skirt section, and the skirt sidewalls thickness at key seat hole 8 place is greater than the thickness of peripheral skirt sidewall, and key seat hole 8 axis is consistent with mid-key seat 7 axis, and the design in key seat hole 8 meets load requirement; In key seat hole 8, processing circlip groove 10, prevents the play of wrist pin; Rigging position and size corresponding with piston crown 1, meet matching requirements.
Embodiment three
Refer to Figure 20-Figure 27, these figure give the structural representation of present embodiment engine piston.
Three key seat elastic hinge joint formula pistons are formed by friction welding between piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 in this mode of execution.Piston in present embodiment preferably adopts steel top aluminium apron structure.
The piston crown 1 machined is aligned with mounting point, piston skirt 2, after described piston crown 1 is connected with piston skirt 2 pin, between the lower end surface of described piston crown 1 and the top end face of described piston skirt 2, there is gap.Between piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2, lay butterfly spring 3, described butterfly spring 3 in described gap along piston shaft to there is partial elastic deformation.Wrist pin is successively through key seat hole, skirt section, side 8, the pin-and-hole 11 of mid-key seat 7, opposite side key seat hole, piston skirt 28, piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 are coupled together, piston crown 1 and piston skirt 2 elasticity under the compressing of wrist pin is connected, completes the assembling of three key seat elastic hinge joint formula pistons.
Welding fabrication after piston crown 1 split forging, the annular groove 4 of piston crown 1, firing chamber 5, consistent with traditional hinge piston, complete the processing of physical dimension before assembling.At the mid-key seat 7 of piston crown 1 lumen centers position innovative design one, bear the pressure of explosion of cylinder; The axis of mid-key seat 7 is vertical with piston centreline, and the design of pin-and-hole 11 meets load bearing requirements, and mid-key seat 7 outside dimensions will meet the assembly space of connecting rod small end; Interior cooling oil duct 6 is had between piston ring groove 4 and firing chamber 5; Below firing chamber 5, in annular, there is cooling cavity the inside of cooling oil duct 6, and described cavity is divided into two by ribs 9, forms two interior cooling oil chambers 16.In addition, described ribs 9 also plays an invigoration effect to the support of mid-key seat 7.Piston cavity and mid-key seat 7 outside dimensions will meet the rotation of connecting rod small end; Rigging position and size corresponding with piston skirt 2, meet matching requirements.It should be noted that the ribs 9 between two interior cooling oil chambers 16 preferably retains certain interval with the bottom surface of firing chamber 5, thus by gap intercommunication between two interior cooling oil chambers 16.Certainly, in this programme, ribs 9 also can contact with the bottom surface of firing chamber 5, and then is also separated completely between two interior cooling oil chambers 16.In this programme, the position of ribs 9 is preferably arranged on a symmetry plane of piston crown, makes the structure full symmetric of described two interior cooling oil chambers 16.
Piston crown 1 is made up of first portion 17 and second portion 18, the end face that described first portion 17 is fixedly connected with second portion 18 is respectively arranged with corresponding groove structure and groove structure; By by friction welding between described first portion 17 and second portion 18 end face, cooling oil duct 6 in obtaining being combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence, and two the interior cooling oil chambers 16 be combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence.The oil inlet hole (mark) of interior cooling oil duct 6 sets according to the technological requirement of motor.Interior cooling oil duct 6 and interior cooling oil chamber 16 have and be communicated with oilhole 19 and be connected, and is communicated with oilhole 19 preferably but not limited to two to arrange on the same axis.Interior cooling oil chamber 16 is provided with out oil hole 20 and communicates with piston cavity, and going out oil hole 20 has two, go out oil hole 20 preferably but not limited to setting on the same axis, go out oil hole 20 corresponding with connecting rod small end oil collecting hole, and with piston pin hole 11 axis being parallel.
In this programme, the bottom end face of piston crown 1 is followed successively by from outer order of placement inward: the first welded joint 15, interior cooling oil duct 6, second welded joint 15, interior cooling oil chamber 16, ribs 9.Be provided with between described interior cooling oil duct 6 with described interior cooling oil chamber 16 and be communicated with oilhole 19, and described connection oilhole 19 is positioned at immediately below described second welded joint 15; Ribs 9 is provided with between described two interior cooling oil chambers 16; Described interior cooling oil chamber 16 inner bottom surface is provided with out oil hole 20, goes out oil hole (20) corresponding with connecting rod small end (not shown) oil collecting hole, so that the lubrication of connecting rod small end (not shown).
In this programme, the structure of piston skirt 2 refers to the structure of piston skirt in embodiment one.Piston skirt 2 is shaping or be cut into Al-alloy pipe segmentation by rough-cast.Al-alloy pipe is special-shaped seamless Al-alloy pipe, and seamless Al-alloy pipe outside is circular, and endoporus is that flat oval is abnormally-structured, and material adopts 4032 or 4A11 aluminum alloy.The design one of butterfly spring 3 will realize piston skirt 2 to be connected with the elasticity of piston crown 1, and there is partial deformation when assembling, and then there is a certain amount of elastic pre-stress, two is meet the extruding repeatedly of wrist pin to skirt section, does not lose efficacy.
Above mode of execution is only for illustration of the present invention, but not limitation of the present invention.Although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, various combination, amendment or equivalent replacement are carried out to technological scheme of the present invention, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an engine piston, comprises piston crown (1) and piston skirt (2), and described piston crown (1) and piston skirt (2) are split-type structural; Described piston crown (1) is processed with annular groove (4), firing chamber (5) and interior cooling oil duct (6); Described piston skirt (2) is tubular, it is characterized in that, described piston crown (1) is provided with an independent mid-key seat (7) in the middle of the end face of piston skirt (2) side, and described mid-key seat (7) is processed with the pin-and-hole (11) with described piston crown (1) axis perpendicular away from one end of piston crown (1); The mid-key seat (7) of described piston crown (1) penetrates the inner chamber of its tubular from the one end of described piston skirt (2); Described piston skirt (2) is relative to the mid-key seat (7) run through into its inner chamber, on sidewall symmetrical be provided with two with the key seat hole (8) of pin-and-hole (11) coaxial line of described mid-key seat (7), the pin that described piston crown (1) realizes three pin structures with piston skirt (2) by said structure is connected.
2. a kind of engine piston according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the wall thickness of sidewall sidewall around the wall thickness of the position being provided with key seat hole (8) is greater than of described piston skirt (2).
3. a kind of engine piston according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pin-and-hole (11) of described mid-key seat (7) is circular or oval; The key seat hole (8) that described piston skirt (2) sidewall is arranged is for circular or oval.
4. a kind of engine piston according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described key seat hole (8) hole wall place is processed with circlip groove (10).
5. a kind of engine piston according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piston crown (1) and piston skirt (2) be ellipse perpendicular to the cross section of piston axis; Through the axis of piston skirt (2), and be cydariform perpendicular to the cross section of the centerline hole of key seat hole (8).
6. according to a kind of engine piston in Claims 1 to 5 item described in any one, it is characterized in that, after described piston crown (1) and piston skirt (2) realize selling and are connected, between the lower end surface of described piston crown (1) and the top end face of described piston skirt (2), there is gap;
Described interior cooling oil duct (6) is groove structure, is positioned at piston crown, and by sealing plate (12) welding and flanging sealing.
7., according to a kind of engine piston in Claims 1 to 5 item described in any one, it is characterized in that, described piston skirt (2) towards one end of described piston crown (1), the extended joint having ring-type to skirt axis direction;
Described joint is respectively arranged with corresponding groove structure with on the end face of described piston crown (1);
By by friction welding between described joint and the end face of described piston crown (1), to obtain cooling oil duct (6) in the sealing that is combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence.
8. according to a kind of engine piston in Claims 1 to 5 item described in any one, it is characterized in that, described piston crown (1) comprises first portion (17) and second portion (18);
The end face that described first portion (17) is fixedly connected with second portion (18) is respectively arranged with corresponding groove structure and groove structure;
By by friction welding between described first portion (17) and second portion (18) end face, cooling oil duct (6) in obtaining being combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence, and the cavity be combined to form by the groove structure of correspondence;
Ribs (9) is provided with in described cavity;
Described ribs (9) enhances the support to mid-key seat (7), and is divided into two by described cavity, forms two interior cooling oil chambers (16);
From being furnished with the first welded joint (15), interior cooling oil duct (6), the second welded joint (15), interior cooling oil chamber (16), ribs (9) inward successively outward on the bottom end face of described piston crown (1);
Be provided with between described interior cooling oil duct (6) with described interior cooling oil chamber (16) and be communicated with oilhole (19), and described connection oilhole (19) is positioned at the below of described second welded joint (15);
Described two interior cooling oil chamber (16) inner bottom surfaces are provided with out oil hole (20), go out oil hole (20) corresponding with the oil collecting hole of connecting rod small end, be beneficial to the lubrication of connecting rod small end.
9. a kind of engine piston according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, after described piston crown (1) is connected with piston skirt (2) pin, gap is there is between the lower end surface of described piston crown (1) and the top end face of described piston skirt (2), described gap location is provided with butterfly spring (3), described butterfly spring (3) in described gap along piston shaft to there is partial elastic deformation.
10. a kind of engine piston according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described piston skirt (2) blank special-shaped seamless Al-alloy pipe segmentation cutting forms.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410620892.5A CN105332813A (en) | 2014-08-11 | 2014-11-06 | Engine piston |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410391973 | 2014-08-11 | ||
| CN2014103919732 | 2014-08-11 | ||
| CN201410620892.5A CN105332813A (en) | 2014-08-11 | 2014-11-06 | Engine piston |
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| CN105332813A true CN105332813A (en) | 2016-02-17 |
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| CN201410620892.5A Pending CN105332813A (en) | 2014-08-11 | 2014-11-06 | Engine piston |
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| CN106640401A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-10 | 无锡华星机电制造有限公司 | Steel piston for diesel engine and production process thereof |
| CN106801647A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-06 | 日照金港活塞有限公司 | One kind closing cooling chamber piston |
| CN107524541A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-29 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | High efficiency piston |
| CN109763894A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-05-17 | 刘法锐 | A kind of symmetrical link engine piston crank mechanism |
| CN112901365A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-06-04 | 李斯特技术中心（上海）有限公司 | Combined type piston and engine |
| CN114354423A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 大连海事大学 | Piston ring groove-piston ring friction wear testing machine and testing method |
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