CN105156120A - Inclined-shaft reverse excavation construction method for hillside cave depot - Google Patents
Inclined-shaft reverse excavation construction method for hillside cave depot Download PDFInfo
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- CN105156120A CN105156120A CN201510579040.0A CN201510579040A CN105156120A CN 105156120 A CN105156120 A CN 105156120A CN 201510579040 A CN201510579040 A CN 201510579040A CN 105156120 A CN105156120 A CN 105156120A
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Abstract
The invention provides an inclined-shaft reverse excavation construction method for a hillside cave depot and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction. The inclined-shaft reverse excavation construction method comprises the five steps of simultaneous excavation of an upper passage and a lower passage, excavation of an inclined shaft, expanding excavation of a vault of the cave depot, wall-separated coverage of the vault and excavation of a cave. According to the inclined-shaft reverse excavation construction method, reverse excavation of the inclined shaft is conducted, and the cave is excavated from top to bottom through the inclined shaft, so that the application of an excavation construction scaffold is avoided, the construction is simple and convenient, and peripheral surrounding rock is less disturbed; an unexcavated cave column serves as an operation platform for coverage of the vault, so that the application of vault coverage construction scaffolds is avoided, and meanwhile, the technical problems of high cave depot, large space, difficult formwork erection and the like are solved; the forming quality of the hillside cave depot is effectively guaranteed; rock ballasts produced after a blast freely fall into the lower passage through the inclined shaft to be discharged, continuous blasting construction can be realized, the manpower input is reduced, mechanical operation is fully utilized, and the construction security is ensured; and as all blasting excavation operations are implemented in the cave depot, energy is saved, the environment is protected, the construction efficiency is high, the cost is low and the economic benefits are obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of tunnel construction, particularly relate to one and be close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy, energy problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and is more and more close to mountain class cave depot engineering and enters planning and construction stage.Be close to mountain class cave depot and be mostly built in mountain area, or to build by the mountain or buried in underground, the construction technology of this kind of cave depot has very large difference with the construction technology of conventional underground construction, and referential ripe excavation construction experience is less.Because Bang Shanlei cave depot cavern height is higher, across footpath comparatively greatly, easily occur that top caves in, fall block phenomenon during excavation, be not suitable for large area driving from bottom to top.Though if driving ensure that construction safety but owing to being designed to from upper channel muck removal, to bring larger construction risk and challenge for underground Long span is close to mountain class cave depot excavation construction after vertical cavern causes barrel explosion from the top down.
Therefore need badly in the middle of prior art and want a kind of novel technical scheme to solve this problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide one to be close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft, with solving, Bang Shanlei cave depot cavern height is higher, larger across footpath, easily there is top landslide during excavation, fall block phenomenon, be not suitable for large area driving from bottom to top; Though if driving ensure that construction safety but owing to being designed to from upper channel muck removal, to bring the technical problems such as larger construction risk and challenge for being close to mountain class cave depot excavation construction after vertical cave depot causes barrel explosion from the top down.
One is close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft, comprises the following steps,
Step one, upper channel and lower channel excavate simultaneously
To be close to the vault bottom surface of mountain class cave depot for upper channel bottom surface, outside by cave depot vault, to cave depot vault central authorities excavation upper channel, upper channel is excavated to and stops with cave depot vault outward flange connectivity part, for being close to the Vomitory in class cave depot control room, mountain, in upper channel digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times ~ 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, and the degree of depth is 2m ~ 3m, upper channel is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting.
While upper channel excavation supporting, to be close to class cave depot barrel bottom surface, mountain for lower channel bottom surface, by cave depot barrel externally to cave depot inner excavation lower channel, in lower channel digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times ~ 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, and the degree of depth is 2m ~ 3m, lower channel is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting;
Step 2, oblique way
According to the Breadth Maximum and the height that are close to mountain class cave depot barrel, calculate the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft, from lower channel raise driving inclined shaft from bottom to top, with total powerstation and level gauge tracking measurement while driving, ensure the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft, inclined shaft cross section is the rectangle of long 3m, wide 2m, and incline sinking is to vault bottom surface, make inclined shaft in the middle part of barrel, oblique running through is close to mountain class cave depot barrel;
Step 3, cave depot vault dig
Arrange directly over the upper surface of inclined shaft and draw hole, draw hole from above and directly enter vault,
Along the basal diameter of vault, excavation width is 4m ~ 5m, is highly that the passage of 2m ~ 3m is to vault opposite side, passage is communicated with the upper surface of inclined shaft, and the two ends of passage are when ensureing that width is constant simultaneously, are oppositely excavated to vault periphery from below to up, form the tunnel of two ends with arch angle
The A portion, arch angle of side, hole is drawn from above, oppositely be excavated to vault periphery from below to up, then oppositely excavation encircles B portion, angle, arch C portion, angle, arch D portion, angle, arch E portion, angle to dome top equally successively, smooth blasting is adopted to continue excavation again, excavation arch F portion, angle, arch G portion, angle, arch H portion, angle, arch I portion, angle successively, arch A portion, angle, arch B portion, angle, arch C portion, angle, arch D portion, angle, arch E portion, angle, arch F portion, angle, arch G portion, angle, arch H portion, angle with arch I portion, angle width consistent with tunnel, the vault excavation making hole push up middle part 4m ~ 5m wide is shaping
Vault shaping in the middle of being pushed up by hole is parallel successively to both sides to be digged, and excavates vault A portion, vault B portion, vault C portion, vault D portion, vault E portion and vault F portion successively until whole vault excavation is shaping;
Step 4, vault are answered from wall type
Using do not excavate barrel cylinder as vault by multiple time job platform, vault adopts raft support method construction, namely adopts steel pipe scaffold to coordinate lumps of wood crossbeam and template,
Support adopts the steel pipe scaffold of external diameter 50mm, wall thickness 3.5mm, and vertical rod arrangement is radially arranged, radial spacing is 0.9m, circumferential distance is 0.9m, and the step pitch of vertical rod is 1.0m, and being interconnected between scaffold connects with support sizing fastener, form annular foot hand cradle
Lumps of wood crossbeam is placed on annular foot hand cradle jacking, and firm with iron wire colligation, and the cross sectional dimensions of lumps of wood crossbeam is 120mm × 100mm, and the spacing of adjacent lumps of wood crossbeam is 30cm,
Template is the bamboo slab rubber of long 2.4m, wide 1.2m, thickness 14mm, and space during template assembly between each block of plate adopts the embedding benefit of triangular plate,
After model sheetinstallat completes, concrete is built in assembling reinforcement;
Step 5, tunnel cutting
Vault is completed again and after concrete reaches 28 days intensity, start barrel cylinder excavation, utilize inclined shaft for smooth blasting free face, perpendicular to inclined shaft blast hole drilling, successively excavate from inclined shaft to surrounding radiation, successively peel off from top to bottom, until whole tunnel cutting completes.
Vault in described step 3 and step 4 is spherical crown shape or ∩ shape.
The quarrel body excavating generation in described step 3 is transported to lower channel by inclined shaft, by lower channel muck removal, coordinates dress quarrel, transport job site by self-unloading load-carrying agricultural vehicle by loader and excavator.
Slide to beneath passage under the quarrel body produced in described step 5 is free from inclined shaft, coordinate dress quarrel by loader and excavator, transport job site by self-unloading load-carrying agricultural vehicle.
By above-mentioned design scheme, the present invention can bring following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention devises the reverse excavation method of inclined shaft, excavates barrel from top to bottom by inclined shaft, saves excavation construction scaffold and drops into, easy construction, little to peripheral rock disturbance.
2, the present invention utilize the barrel cylinder that do not excavate as vault by multiple time job platform, save vault by multiple construction scaffolding input amount, solve the technical barriers such as cave depot is high, space is large, formwork erection is difficult, constructor is safer simultaneously, effectively ensures cave depot construction speed.
3, personnel and device security when the present invention can ensure construction operation, effectively can solve the quality difficult problem such as shaping of being close to mountain class cave depot simultaneously.
4, the ballast after explosion of the present invention freely falls to lower channel muck removal by inclined shaft, continuous demolition can construct, decreases the input of labour to greatest extent, take full advantage of do mechanization operation, ensure that construction safety.
5, Blasting Excavation of the present invention is all constructed in cave depot, and energy-conserving and environment-protective, efficiency of construction is high, cost is low, remarkable in economical benefits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated:
Fig. 1 is that one of the present invention is close to upper channel and lower channel in the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft and is excavated schematic diagram simultaneously.
Fig. 2 is that one of the present invention is close to oblique way schematic diagram in the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft.
Fig. 3 is that one of the present invention is close to vault in the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft and is digged method schematic diagram.
To be that the present invention is a kind of be close to vault in the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft and dig the cross-sectional schematic in B-B direction Fig. 4.
To be that the present invention is a kind of be close to vault in the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft and dig the cross-sectional schematic in C-C direction Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 is that one of the present invention to be close in the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft vault by multiple mould bases generalized section.
Fig. 7 is a kind of process flow diagram being close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft of the present invention.
In figure, 1-upper channel, 2-lower channel, 3-inclined shaft, 4-tunnel, 5-encircle A portion, angle, 6-encircles B portion, angle, 7-encircles C portion, angle, 8-encircles D portion, angle, 9-encircles E portion, angle, 10-encircles F portion, angle, 11-encircles G portion, angle, 12-encircles H portion, angle, 13-encircles I portion, angle, 14-vault A portion, 15-vault B portion, 16-vault C portion, 17-vault D portion, 18-vault E portion, 19-vault F portion, 20-steel pipe scaffold, 21-vertical rod, 22-lumps of wood crossbeam, 23-template.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in the figure, one is close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft, comprises the following steps,
Step one, upper channel 1 excavate with lower channel 2 simultaneously
To be close to the vault bottom surface of mountain class cave depot for upper channel 1 bottom surface, outside by cave depot vault, to cave depot vault central authorities excavation upper channel 1, upper channel 1 is excavated to and stops with cave depot vault outward flange connectivity part, for being close to the Vomitory in class cave depot control room, mountain, in upper channel 1 digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times ~ 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, the degree of depth is 2m ~ 3m, upper channel 1 is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting
While upper channel 1 excavation supporting, to be close to class cave depot barrel bottom surface, mountain for lower channel 2 bottom surface, by cave depot barrel externally to cave depot inner excavation lower channel 2, in lower channel 2 digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times ~ 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, and the degree of depth is 2m ~ 3m, lower channel 2 is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting;
Step 2, inclined shaft 3 excavate
According to the Breadth Maximum and the height that are close to mountain class cave depot barrel, calculate the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft 3, from lower channel 2 raise driving inclined shaft 3 from bottom to top, with total powerstation and level gauge tracking measurement while driving, ensure the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft 3, inclined shaft 3 cross section is the rectangle of long 3m, wide 2m, and inclined shaft 3 tunnels to vault bottom surface, make inclined shaft 3 in the middle part of barrel, oblique running through is close to mountain class cave depot barrel;
Step 3, cave depot vault dig
Draw hole on arranging directly over the upper surface of inclined shaft 3, draw hole from above and directly enter vault,
Along the basal diameter of vault, excavation width is 4m ~ 5m, is highly that the passage of 2m ~ 3m is to vault opposite side, passage is communicated with the upper surface of inclined shaft 3, and the two ends of passage are when ensureing that width is constant simultaneously, are oppositely excavated to vault periphery from below to up, form the tunnel 4 of two ends with arch angle
The A portion, arch angle 5 of side, hole is drawn from above, oppositely be excavated to vault periphery from below to up, then oppositely excavation encircles B portion, angle 6, arch C portion, angle 7, arch D portion, angle 8, arch E portion, angle 9 to dome top equally successively, smooth blasting is adopted to continue excavation again, excavation arch F portion, angle 10, arch G portion, angle 11, arch H portion, angle 12, arch I portion, angle 13 successively, arch A portion, angle 5, arch B portion, angle 6, arch C portion, angle 7, arch D portion, angle 8, arch E portion, angle 9, arch F portion, angle 10, arch G portion, angle 11, arch H portion, angle 12 with arch I portion, angle 13 width consistent with tunnel 4, the vault excavation making hole push up middle part 4m ~ 5m wide is shaping
Vault shaping in the middle of being pushed up by hole is parallel successively to both sides to be digged, and excavates vault A portion 14, vault B portion 15, vault C portion 16, vault D portion 17, vault E portion 18 and vault F portion 19 successively, until whole vault excavation is shaping;
Step 4, vault are answered from wall type
Using do not excavate barrel cylinder as vault by multiple time job platform, vault adopt raft support method construction, namely adopt steel pipe scaffold 20 coordinate lumps of wood crossbeam 22 and template 23,
Support adopts the steel pipe scaffold 20 of external diameter 50mm, wall thickness 3.5mm, and vertical rod 21 arranges radially arranges, radial spacing is 0.9m, circumferential distance is 0.9m, and the step pitch of vertical rod 21 is 1.0m, and being interconnected between scaffold connects with support sizing fastener, form annular foot hand cradle
Lumps of wood crossbeam 22 is placed on annular foot hand cradle jacking, and firm with iron wire colligation, and the cross sectional dimensions of lumps of wood crossbeam is 120mm × 100mm, and the spacing of adjacent lumps of wood crossbeam is 30cm,
Template 23 is the bamboo slab rubber of long 2.4m, wide 1.2m, thickness 14mm, and space when template 23 is assembled between each block of plate adopts the embedding benefit of triangular plate,
After template 23 installation, concrete is built in assembling reinforcement;
Step 5, tunnel cutting
Vault is completed again and after concrete reaches 28 days intensity, start barrel cylinder excavation, utilize inclined shaft 3 for smooth blasting free face, perpendicular to inclined shaft 3 blast hole drilling, successively excavate from inclined shaft 3 to surrounding radiation, successively peel off from top to bottom, until whole tunnel cutting completes.
Vault in described step 3 and step 4 is spherical crown shape or ∩ shape.
The quarrel body excavating generation in described step 3 is transported to lower channel 2 by inclined shaft 3, by lower channel 2 muck removal, coordinates dress quarrel, transport job site by self-unloading load-carrying agricultural vehicle by loader and excavator.
Slide to beneath passage 2 under the quarrel body produced in described step 5 is free from inclined shaft 3, coordinate dress quarrel by loader and excavator, transport job site by self-unloading load-carrying agricultural vehicle.
Embodiment one: one is close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class dome tank hat type oil plant storehouse inclined shaft, comprises the following steps,
Step one, upper channel 1 excavate with lower channel 2 simultaneously
With the spherical crown bottom surface of oil plant storehouse tank cap for upper channel 1 bottom surface, outside by oil plant storehouse tank cap, to oil plant storehouse tank cap central authorities excavation upper channel 1, upper channel 1 is excavated to and stops with oil plant storehouse tank cap outward flange connectivity part, for the Vomitory in control room, oil plant storehouse, in upper channel 1 digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, the degree of depth is 2m, upper channel 1 is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting
While upper channel 1 excavation supporting, with can body bottom surface, oil plant storehouse for lower channel 2 bottom surface, by oil plant storehouse can body externally to oil plant storehouse inner excavation lower channel 2, in lower channel 2 digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, and the degree of depth is 2m, lower channel 2 is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting;
Step 2, inclined shaft 3 excavate
According to Breadth Maximum and the height of oil plant storehouse can body, calculate the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft 3, from lower channel 2 raise driving inclined shaft 3 from bottom to top, with total powerstation and level gauge tracking measurement while driving, ensure the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft 3, inclined shaft 3 cross section is the rectangle of long 3m, wide 2m, and inclined shaft 3 tunnels to tank cap spherical crown bottom surface, make inclined shaft 3 in the middle part of can body, obliquely run through oil plant storehouse can body;
Step 3, tank cap dig
Hole is drawn on arranging directly over the upper surface of inclined shaft 3, draw hole from above and directly enter tank cap, and along the diameter of tank cap spherical crown bottom surface, excavation width is 4m, be highly the passage of 2m to tank cap opposite side, passage is communicated with the upper surface of inclined shaft 3, the two ends of passage are when ensureing that width is constant simultaneously, oppositely be excavated to tank cap periphery from below to up, form the tunnel 4 of two ends with arch angle
The A portion, arch angle 5 of side, hole is drawn from above, oppositely be excavated to tank cap periphery from below to up, then oppositely excavation encircles B portion, angle 6, arch C portion, angle 7, arch D portion, angle 8, arch 9 to tank crown portion of E portion, angle equally successively, smooth blasting is adopted to continue excavation again, excavation arch F portion, angle 10, arch G portion, angle 11, arch H portion, angle 12, arch I portion, angle 13 successively, arch A portion, angle 5, arch B portion, angle 6, arch C portion, angle 7, arch D portion, angle 8, arch E portion, angle 9, arch F portion, angle 10, arch G portion, angle 11, arch H portion, angle 12 with arch I portion, angle 13 width consistent with tunnel 4, the tank cap excavation making 4m in the middle part of tank deck wide is shaping
Dig by tank cap shaping in the middle of tank deck is parallel successively to both sides, excavate vault A portion 14, vault B portion 15, vault C portion 16, vault D portion 17, vault E portion 18 and vault F portion 19 successively, until whole tank cap excavation is shaping;
Step 4, tank cap are answered from wall type
Using do not excavate can body as tank cap by multiple time job platform, tank cap adopt raft support method construction, namely adopt steel pipe scaffold 20 coordinate lumps of wood crossbeam 22 and template 23,
Support adopts the steel pipe scaffold 20 of external diameter 50mm, wall thickness 3.5mm, and vertical rod 21 arranges radially arranges, radial spacing is 0.9m, circumferential distance is 0.9m, and the step pitch of vertical rod 21 is 1.0m, and being interconnected between scaffold connects with support sizing fastener, form annular foot hand cradle
Lumps of wood crossbeam 22 is placed on annular foot hand cradle jacking, and firm with iron wire colligation, and the cross sectional dimensions of lumps of wood crossbeam is 120mm × 100mm, and the spacing of adjacent lumps of wood crossbeam is 30cm,
Template 23 is the bamboo slab rubber of long 2.4m, wide 1.2m, thickness 14mm, and space when template 23 is assembled between each block of plate adopts the embedding benefit of triangular plate,
After template 23 installation, concrete is built in assembling reinforcement;
Step 5, can body excavate
Tank cap is completed again and after concrete reaches 28 days intensity, start can body cylinder excavation, utilize inclined shaft 3 for smooth blasting free face, perpendicular to inclined shaft 3 blast hole drilling, successively excavate from inclined shaft 3 to surrounding radiation, successively peel off from top to bottom, until whole can body has excavated.
Embodiment two: the reverse excavation construction method of a kind of underground large-span arch cavern inclined shaft, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
Step one, upper channel 1 excavate with lower channel 2 simultaneously
With the bottom surface that the crown bottom surface of underground chamber is upper channel 1, outside by underground chamber, to underground chamber central authorities excavation upper channel 1, upper channel 1 is excavated to and stops with underground chamber outward flange connectivity part, for the Vomitory in underground chamber control room, in upper channel 1 digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, the degree of depth is 3m, upper channel 1 is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting
While upper channel 1 excavation supporting, with barrel bottom surface for lower channel 2 bottom surface, by underground chamber barrel externally to underground chamber inner excavation lower channel 2, in lower channel 2 digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, is highly 2m, and the degree of depth is 3m, lower channel 2 is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting;
Step 2, inclined shaft 3 excavate
According to Breadth Maximum and the height of underground chamber barrel, calculate the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft 3, from lower channel 2 raise driving inclined shaft 3 from bottom to top, with total powerstation and level gauge tracking measurement while driving, ensure the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft 3, inclined shaft 3 cross section is the rectangle of long 3m, wide 2m, and inclined shaft 3 tunnels and stops to apart from underground chamber end face 3m place, make inclined shaft 3 in the middle part of barrel, obliquely run through underground chamber barrel;
Step 3, arched drift crown dig
Draw hole on arranging directly over the upper surface of inclined shaft 3, draw hole from above and directly enter crown,
Along the basal diameter of crown, excavation width 5m is highly that the passage of 3m is to crown opposite side, passage is communicated with the upper surface of inclined shaft 3, and the two ends of passage are when ensureing that width is constant simultaneously, are oppositely excavated to crown periphery from below to up, form the tunnel 4 of two ends with arch angle
The A portion, arch angle 5 of side, hole is drawn from above, oppositely be excavated to crown periphery from below to up, then oppositely excavation encircles the top of B portion, angle 6, arch C portion, angle 7, arch D portion, angle 8, arch E portion, angle 9 to crown equally successively, smooth blasting is adopted to continue excavation again, excavation arch F portion, angle 10, arch G portion, angle 11, arch H portion, angle 12, arch I portion, angle 13 successively, arch A portion, angle 5, arch B portion, angle 6, arch C portion, angle 7, arch D portion, angle 8, arch E portion, angle 9, arch F portion, angle 10, arch G portion, angle 11, arch H portion, angle 12 with arch I portion, angle 13 width consistent with tunnel 4, the Arch Excavation making hole push up middle part 5m wide is shaping
Crown shaping in the middle of being pushed up by hole is parallel successively to both sides to be digged, and excavates vault A portion 14, vault B portion 15, vault C portion 16, vault D portion 17, vault E portion 18 and vault F portion 19 successively, until whole vault excavation is shaping;
Step 4, arched drift crown are answered from wall type
Using do not excavate barrel as underground cavern crown by multiple time job platform, underground cavern crown adopt raft support method construction, namely adopt steel pipe scaffold 20 coordinate lumps of wood crossbeam 22 and template 23,
Support adopts the steel pipe scaffold 20 of external diameter 50mm, wall thickness 3.5mm, the height of steel pipe scaffold 20 is all consistent, form crown support, vertical rod 21 arranges radially arranges, radial spacing is 0.9m, and circumferential distance is 0.9m, the step pitch of vertical rod 21 is 1.0m, being interconnected between scaffold connects with support sizing fastener, forms annular foot hand cradle
Lumps of wood crossbeam 22 is placed on annular foot hand cradle jacking, and firm with iron wire colligation, and the cross sectional dimensions of lumps of wood crossbeam is 120mm × 100mm, and the spacing of adjacent lumps of wood crossbeam is 30cm,
Template 23 is the bamboo slab rubber of long 2.4m, wide 1.2m, thickness 14mm,
After template 23 installation, concrete is built in assembling reinforcement;
Step 5, tunnel cutting
Underground cavern crown is completed again and after concrete reaches 28 days intensity, start barrel cylinder excavation, utilize inclined shaft 3 for smooth blasting free face, perpendicular to inclined shaft 3 blast hole drilling, successively excavate from inclined shaft 3 to surrounding radiation, successively peel off from top to bottom, until whole tunnel cutting completes.
The present invention efficiently solves a difficult problem of being close to mountain class cave depot excavation muck removal, and personnel and device security when ensure that construction operation, the Forming Quality of cave depot obtains and controls admirably.
Claims (4)
1. be close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft, it is characterized in that:
Comprise the following steps,
Step one, upper channel (1) and lower channel (2) excavate simultaneously
To be close to the vault bottom surface of mountain class cave depot for upper channel (1) bottom surface, outside by cave depot vault, to central authorities' excavation upper channel (1) of cave depot vault bottom surface, upper channel (1) is excavated to and stops with cave depot vault outward flange connectivity part, for being close to the Vomitory in class cave depot control room, mountain, in upper channel (1) digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times ~ 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, be highly 2m, the degree of depth is 2m ~ 3m, upper channel (1) is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting.
While upper channel (1) excavation supporting, to be close to the bottom surface that class cave depot barrel bottom surface, mountain is lower channel (2), by cave depot barrel externally to cave depot inner excavation lower channel (2), in lower channel (2) digging process, by the horizontal blasthole drilling of artificial hand-held air drill, adopt smooth blasting 2 times ~ 3 times, the width of every separate explosion is 3m, be highly 2m, the degree of depth is 2m ~ 3m, lower channel (2) is full face excavation, and while excavation, adopt the mode of tunnel bolt-spary supports to carry out section supporting;
Step 2, inclined shaft (3) excavate
According to the Breadth Maximum and the height that are close to mountain class cave depot barrel, calculate the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft (3), from lower channel (2) raise driving inclined shaft (3) from bottom to top, with total powerstation and level gauge tracking measurement while driving, ensure the maximum excavation angle of inclined shaft (3), the cross section of inclined shaft (3) is the rectangle of long 3m, wide 2m, inclined shaft (3) driving is to vault bottom surface, make inclined shaft (3) in the middle part of barrel, oblique running through is close to mountain class cave depot barrel;
Step 3, cave depot vault dig
Draw hole on arranging directly over the upper surface of inclined shaft (3), draw hole from above and directly enter vault,
Along the basal diameter of vault, excavation width is 4m ~ 5m, be highly that the passage of 2m ~ 3m is to vault opposite side, passage is communicated with the upper surface of inclined shaft (3), the two ends of passage are when ensureing that width is constant simultaneously, oppositely be excavated to vault periphery from below to up, form the tunnel (4) of two ends with arch angle
The A portion, arch angle (5) of side, hole is drawn from above, oppositely be excavated to vault periphery from below to up, then oppositely excavation encircles B portion, angle (6) equally successively, arch C portion, angle (7), arch D portion, angle (8), arch E portion, angle (9) is to dome top, smooth blasting is adopted to continue excavation again, excavation arch F portion, angle (10) successively, arch G portion, angle (11), arch H portion, angle (12), arch I portion, angle (13), arch A portion, angle (5), arch B portion, angle (6), arch C portion, angle (7), arch D portion, angle (8), arch E portion, angle (9), arch F portion, angle (10), arch G portion, angle (11), arch H portion, angle (12) is consistent with tunnel (4) with the width of arch I portion, angle (13), the vault excavation making hole push up middle part 4m ~ 5m wide is shaping,
Vault shaping in the middle of being pushed up by hole is parallel successively to both sides to be digged, excavate vault A portion (14), vault B portion (15), vault C portion (16), vault D portion (17), vault E portion (18) and vault F portion (19) successively, until whole vault excavation is shaping;
Step 4, vault are answered from wall type
Using do not excavate barrel cylinder as vault by multiple time job platform, vault adopts raft support method construction, namely adopts steel pipe scaffold to coordinate lumps of wood crossbeam and template,
Support adopts the steel pipe scaffold of external diameter 50mm, wall thickness 3.5mm, and vertical rod arrangement is radially arranged, radial spacing is 0.9m, circumferential distance is 0.9m, and the step pitch of vertical rod is 1.0m, and being interconnected between scaffold connects with support sizing fastener, form annular foot hand cradle
Lumps of wood crossbeam is placed on annular foot hand cradle jacking, and firm with iron wire colligation, and the cross sectional dimensions of lumps of wood crossbeam is 120mm × 100mm, and the spacing of adjacent lumps of wood crossbeam is 30cm,
Template is the bamboo slab rubber of long 2.4m, wide 1.2m, thickness 14mm, and space during template assembly between each block of plate adopts the embedding benefit of triangular plate,
After model sheetinstallat completes, concrete is built in assembling reinforcement;
Step 5, tunnel cutting
Vault is completed again and after concrete reaches 28 days intensity, start barrel cylinder excavation, utilize inclined shaft (3) for smooth blasting free face, perpendicular to inclined shaft (3) blast hole drilling, successively excavate from inclined shaft (3) to surrounding radiation, successively peel off from top to bottom, until whole tunnel cutting completes.
2. one according to claim 1 is close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft, it is characterized in that: the vault in described step 3 and step 4 is spherical crown shape or ∩ shape.
3. one according to claim 1 is close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft, it is characterized in that: the quarrel body excavating generation in described step 3 is transported to lower channel (2) by inclined shaft (3), by lower channel (2) muck removal, coordinate dress quarrel by loader and excavator, transport job site by self-unloading load-carrying agricultural vehicle.
4. one according to claim 1 is close to the reverse excavation construction method of mountain class cave depot inclined shaft, it is characterized in that: under the quarrel body produced in described step 5 is free from inclined shaft (3), slide to beneath passage (2), coordinate dress quarrel by loader and excavator, transport job site by self-unloading load-carrying agricultural vehicle.
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| CN111305852A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-19 | 中铁建大桥工程局集团第五工程有限公司 | Construction method for excavating guide pits in double-track tunnel in advance and in back |
| CN112012751A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-01 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Precise excavation method for gentle slope inclined shaft |
| CN112129183A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-25 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Hyperboloid cave depot dome accurate and rapid forming blasting excavation method |
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