CN105155463A - Ecological dredging handling method for riverways or lakes - Google Patents
Ecological dredging handling method for riverways or lakes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105155463A CN105155463A CN201510507326.8A CN201510507326A CN105155463A CN 105155463 A CN105155463 A CN 105155463A CN 201510507326 A CN201510507326 A CN 201510507326A CN 105155463 A CN105155463 A CN 105155463A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological dredging handling method for riverways or lakes. The method comprises the steps that firstly, bottom mud excavation and drying handling are performed; secondly, a supporting layer, a transition layer, a reaction layer and a safety coverage layer are sequentially arranged on a riverbed upwards after bottom mud dredging is performed, and a river bottom biological membrane recovery system is formed; and thirdly, the river bank and a river levee are handled to form an ecological bank protection system. According to the riverway water ecological system, under the background that bottom mud is polluted, an ecological recovery project implemented according to the development ecological theory is applied, and the method essentially achieves the purpose of sustainably-developing ecological niche recovery for the riverways or the lakes with the combination of projects, environment and ecology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to river and lake pollution administers field, refer to the ecology dredging processing method in a kind of river course or lake further.
Background technology
River course is the important carrier of civilization continuity and economic development, and being the important component part of harmony between man and nature coexistence, is also one of mark of city quality.In recent years, along with China's economic liftoff, urbanization paces are accelerated, and cities and towns blowdown flow rate increases, and many town rivers are subject to severe contamination, black smelly outstanding problem.
The primary pollution source in river course and lake is: 1. sanitary sewage; 2. surface flow; 3. household garbage; 4. pollution form construction; 5. polluted bed mud.Be embodied in: littoral sanitary sewage is seriously omitted in printing, and part of contaminated water directly enters river; River water poor fluidity, water quality deterioration; Embankment population hardening, lacks ecological property; It is high that household garbage enters river rate; Building waste water, waste material enter river; Ecosystem degradation etc.
Due to above-mentioned environmental problem, the bed mud in river and lake is caused to deposit seriously.What form due to bed mud and river is the balanced body of a two-phase, and pollutant interacts between, affect; If pollution concentration is too high in bed mud, the pollutant in bed mud certainly will be caused to discharge, affect water quality.
Especially some river alongshore has the area of industry park, and it mainly pollutes for organic matter, TP, TN, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr etc.
The pollutant produced in the alluvial deposit that river and bottom mud in lake mainly bring from river and soil erosion around and industrialization in recent years and Development of China's Urbanization, from some sampling sample analysis result, the superiors are by people's Activity Effects in recent years and the sediment layer produced, because the time formed is shorter, moisture content is higher, and density and hardness is relatively little.Sediment layer is the relatively large sediment layer of one deck density, hardness that silt, pollutant and some impurity in effluent stream and lake are formed through depositing for many years in river bed.The bed mud of current cleaning process does not process substantially, is generally direct stacking, or direct landfill disposal, causes secondary pollution to environment.
One of major measure of river course and Water Environment In Lakes comprehensive improvement is dredged river course and bottom mud in lake exactly, and river course and lake dredging play positive effect in river course and lake treatment process.At present, the dredging method in river course and lake is comprised drain that pool is manually dredged, drainage machinery is not dredged, slush pump hydraulicking unit does that the pool is dredged, Jet Dredging dredger dredging, air-powered pump desilting etc.Although these methods play a part positive in river course and lake pollution regulation, time larger for dredging amount, need drop into a large amount of plant equipment with artificial, greatly, management is inconvenient for construction intensity and labor strength, and enforcement difficulty is large.And above-mentioned dredging method just rests in the aspect of traditional common engineering dredging, do not have to consider to combine solve the sustainable development of river course and water body in lake or the reparation problem of title " ecological niche " with engineering, environment, ecologic facies.
Related names is explained: plant cover concrete refers to concrete and the goods thereof that can adapt to green plants growth, have again certain safeguard function.
Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is widely used in traffic, water conservancy, municipal administration, gardens in recent years, a kind of new material structure in the object of construction production such as water and soil conservation.Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is required to be made according to difference by ecological graticule mesh.
Ecological graticule mesh is by low-carbon (LC) height zinc-coated wire high-strength for corrosion-resisting wear-proof or 5% aluminium-zinc rare earth alloy coating wire (or homogeneity coated polymer steel wire), the mesh sheet of five hinge shapes, hexagon mesh is become by machine knits, the length of its two-wire hinge portions should be not less than 5cm, not destroy the protective coating of steel wire.Ecological graticule mesh can be assembled into boxes and baskets according to engineering design requirements, and links into an integrated entity after loading the inserts such as block stone, is used as the new technology of the engineering such as dyke, subgrade protection.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides and a kind of dredge distinguishing ecology with Traditional project and dredge processing method, it is under the background that bed mud is polluted in the urban river water ecosystem, the Ecological Restoration Project that application and development ecological theory is implemented, its essence combines " ecological niche " that solve the sustainable development in river course and lake repair with engineering, environment, ecologic facies.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The ecology dredging processing method in river course or lake, comprises the process to bed mud, riverbed and river levee riverbank, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) with interim dam, river course is separated into multiple cofferdam, the bed mud in cofferdam is dug out, in bed mud, adds modifier modification, remove the heavy metal ion in bed mud, be then transported to after bed mud stacking drying bed carries out drying and other treatment and recycle; Described bed mud stacking drying bed surrounding is provided with encloses low bank between fields, the described low bank between fields inside wall that encloses is provided with anti-seepage geomembrane, described bed mud stacking drying bed is up provided with french drain impervious barrier, french drain, mud mattress layer, mud bed filtration beds and the bed mud for stacking bed mud successively and stores up layer from bottom, be provided with leachate collection pipe in described french drain;
(2) riverbed after dredging bed mud is up provided with supporting layer, transition zone, conversion zone, safe coatings successively, form potamobenthos film recovery system;
(3) be provided with staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box in the bottom of river levee, described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box surface is earth backing layer, and described bank slope face is provided with eco-concrete layer, and the bottom of described eco-concrete layer is connected with described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box; Described earth backing layer and described eco-concrete layer are emergent aquactic plant vegetable layer, the dike face of described river levee has dike face to plant sheath, form ecological shore protection system.
Gabion earth backing layer and eco-concrete preferably plant emergent aquactic plant calamus, and crape myrtle is preferably planted in dike face.
Step (1) described modifier is preferably flyash, and the consumption of described flyash is preferably the 0.08-0.12 of bed mud quality doubly.Flyash contains the nutrient of the crops needs such as a large amount of soluble silicons, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus; In addition, flyash contains Al
2o
3, CaO isoreactivity material, can remove in river bottom mud containing heavy metal ion.
Step (1) described anti-seepage geomembrane is preferably polypropylene anti-seepage geomembrane.
Step (1) described french drain is interior rubble of filling 30 ~ 50mm preferably, and described french drain cross section is trapezoidal, and upper width is greater than lower width.
The preferred both sides of step (1) described leachate collection pipe interlock perforate, and pitch-row is 100mm-150mm, and aperture is 15mm-20mm.
Step (1) described mud mattress layer is preferably the layer of gravel of particle diameter at 4 ~ 8mm, the thickness 200mm-300mm of described mud mattress layer.
Step (1) described mud bed filtration beds is preferably the quartz sand layer of particle diameter between 1 ~ 2mm, and the thickness of described mud bed filtration beds is 250mm-350mm.
The described leachate collection pipe of step (1) is preferably connected with sedimentation basin.Recycle after being convenient to that the filtrate of collection is carried out precipitation process further.
Step (2) described supporting layer is preferably the gravel of particle diameter between 8mm ~ 16mm, and the thickness of described supporting layer is 100mm-200mm.
Step (2) described transition zone is preferably the gravel of particle diameter between 4mm ~ 8mm, and the thickness of described transition zone is 100mm-200mm.
Step (2) described conversion zone is preferably the cobble of particle diameter between 2 ~ 4mm, and the thickness of described conversion zone is 100mm-200mm.
Step (2) described safe coatings is preferably the quartz sand layer of particle diameter between 0.9mm ~ 1.5mm, and the thickness of described safe coatings is 100mm-200mm.
Step (3) described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box preferred heights is 400mm-500mm, and width is 400mm-500mm, and length is 2000mm-2500mm, and cylinder mould aperture is 60mm ~ 80mm, and in cylinder mould, filling diameter is greater than the block stone of 80mm.
Compared with prior art, innovation of the present invention is:
1, the ecology dredging processing method in river course of the present invention or lake, adopts engineering measure, shifts out outside water body most possibly by the dredging of bed mud by the pollutant stored up in this layer, remove the endogenous of polluted-water, reduce the release of pollutants in sediments to water body; Adopt Ecological Measures, to improve water zoology cycle, the degeneration of containment stability of river channel, and create conditions for the recovery of aquatic ecosystem.
The bed mud dredged is added the method modification of flyash, modified bed mud can be used for the base manure in forest land and topdresses, and can not only provide the nutrient required for arboreal growth, improve forest production, and can soil be improved, increase soil fertility, accomplish forest land resource.
Described bed mud is stacked drying bed and bed mud can be stacked at bed mud and store up layer and carry out nature mummification dehydration, and preferably the bed mud after adding modifier is stored up layer at bed mud and carry out nature mummification dehydration, process bed mud can not cause secondary pollution like this.
2, the present invention adopts Ecological Measures, to improve water zoology cycle, and the degeneration of containment stability of river channel, and create conditions for the recovery of aquatic ecosystem.Eco-concrete on described riverbank can grow small-sized straw or like vegetable, can grow macro again, simultaneously for microorganism, meiofauna provide more living space.
3, describedly up supporting layer, transition zone, conversion zone, safe coatings is provided with successively from riverbed, form the recovery of potamobenthos film, except the function that safety covers, also can to rationally producing contact precipitation, adsorption and oxidation decomposition, improve water quality with this, repair the ecological environment of water body.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 of the present inventionly dredges annexation schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram that bed mud of the present invention stacks drying bed;
Fig. 3 is the sectional schematic diagram of ecological shore protection system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sectional schematic diagram of potamobenthos film recovery system of the present invention;
In the drawings
The interim dam of 1-; 2-cofferdam; 3-Veritical mud pump; 4-excavator; 5-forklift; 6 belt conveyors; 7-batch feeder; 8-dump truck; 9-bed mud stacks drying bed; 9-1-encloses low bank between fields; 9-2-anti-seepage geomembrane; 9-3-french drain impervious barrier; 9-4-french drain; 9-5-leachate collection pipe; 9-6-mud mattress layer; 9-7-mud bed filtration beds; 9-8-bed mud stacks layer; 10-sedimentation basin; 11-ecological shore protection system; 11-1-staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box; 11-2-eco-concrete; 11-3-earth backing layer; 11-4-emergent aquactic plant layer; Sheath is planted in 11-5-dike face; 12-potamobenthos film recovery system; 12-1-supporting layer; 12-2-transition zone; 12-3-conversion zone; 12-4-safe coatings.
Specific embodiments
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention is described further
For a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
The ecology dredging processing method in river course or lake, comprises the process to bed mud, riverbed and river levee riverbank, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) with interim dam, river course is separated into multiple cofferdam, the bed mud in cofferdam is dug out, in bed mud, adds modifier modification, remove the heavy metal ion in bed mud, be then transported to after bed mud stacking drying bed carries out drying and other treatment and recycle; Described bed mud stacking drying bed surrounding is provided with encloses low bank between fields, the described low bank between fields inside wall that encloses is provided with anti-seepage geomembrane, described bed mud stacking drying bed is up provided with french drain impervious barrier, french drain, mud mattress layer, mud bed filtration beds and the bed mud for stacking bed mud successively and stores up layer from bottom, be provided with leachate collection pipe in described french drain;
(2) riverbed after dredging bed mud is up provided with supporting layer, transition zone, conversion zone, safe coatings successively, form potamobenthos film recovery system;
(3) be provided with staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box in the bottom of river levee, described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box surface is earth backing layer, and described bank slope face is provided with eco-concrete layer, and the bottom of described eco-concrete layer is connected with described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box; Described earth backing layer and described eco-concrete layer are emergent aquactic plant vegetable layer, the dike face of described river levee has dike face to plant sheath, form ecological shore protection system.
Dredge procedure declaration:
As shown in Figure 1, described river bottom mud is dredged employing and is drained pool machinery and dredge method, with interim dam 1, river course is separated into multiple cofferdam 2, first select one of them cofferdam Veritical mud pump 3 will dredge river in district to drain, after river is drained, first with excavator 4 bed mud dug and transport bank, install on belt conveyer 6 with forklift 5 again, and with batch feeder 7, flyash is added on belt conveyer to bed mud modification, (its volume proportion is: flyash: bed mud=1:10, flyash contains a large amount of soluble silicons, calcium, magnesium, the nutrient that the crops such as phosphorus are required, in addition, flyash contains Al
2o
3, CaO isoreactivity material, can remove in river bottom mud containing heavy metal ion).Flyash is delivered to dump truck 8 after mixing on belt conveyor by proportioning and river bottom mud, is then transported to bed mud by dump truck and stacks drying bed 9.
As shown in Figure 2, described bed mud stacks drying bed 9, and surrounding is provided with encloses low bank between fields 9-1, selects 500 × 400mm knitting bagged soil ramp type to enclose low bank between fields, encloses low bank between fields top width 1000mm, bottom width 2000mm.Enclose the polypropylene anti-seepage geomembrane 9-2 laying 250g/ ㎡ inside low bank between fields.Again from bottom up direction be disposed with french drain impervious barrier 9-3(impervious barrier by clay and swell soil by volume 6:4 mix, be highly 300mm), 30 ~ 50mm rubble is filled in french drain 9-4(french drain, french drain is trapezoidal, lower wide 1000mm, upper wide 2000mm, height 600mm), leachate collection pipe 9-5(caliber is DN150mm, both sides, 60 ° of angles are become to interlock perforate at the tube hub straight line that lets droop, pitch-row is 100mm, aperture is 15), mud mattress layer 9-6(grain size of gravel 4 ~ 8mm, thickness 200mm), mud bed filtration beds 9-7(quartz sand particle size 1 ~ 2mm, thickness 300mm), bed mud is stacked layer 9-8(bed mud and after stacking drying bed carries out nature mummification dehydration, is used as the base manure in forest land and topdresses, nutrient needed for arboreal growth can not only be provided, improve forest production, and can soil be improved, increase soil fertility, accomplish forest land resource), percolate after filtration enters sedimentation basin 10 after leachate collection pipe 9-5 collects, supernatant after precipitation enters municipal sewage system, glar returns stacking drying bed.
As shown in Figure 3, described ecological shore protection system 11, bottom is provided with staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box 11-1(Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box height 500mm, width 400mm, long 2000mm, and iron wire cylinder mould uses aperture 60 ~ 80mm, and in cylinder mould, filling diameter is greater than the block stone of 80mm).Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box surface is earth backing layer 11-3 planting plants, Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box is up provided with ramp type infiltration concrete 11-2, and to dike face, (eco-concrete selects the concrete prefabricated ball of 300mm, small-sized straw or like vegetable can be grown, macro can be grown again, simultaneously for microorganism, meiofauna provide more living space); Gabion earth backing layer and eco-concrete plant emergent aquactic plant calamus 11-4, and sheath 11-5 is planted in dike face.
As shown in Figure 4, described potamobenthos film recovery system 12, river bed after dredging up is provided with supporting layer 12-1(gravel, particle diameter 8 ~ 16mm successively, and thickness is 100mm), transition zone 12-2(gravel, particle diameter 4 ~ 8mm, thickness is 100mm), conversion zone 12-3(cobble, particle diameter 2 ~ 4mm, thickness is 100mm), safe coatings 12-4(quartz sand, particle diameter 0.95 ~ 1.35mm, thickness 200mm).
The recovery of potamobenthos film, except the function that safety covers, also to rationally producing contact precipitation, adsorption and oxidation decomposition, can improve water quality with this, repairing the ecological environment of water body.
Embodiment 2
Administer with the river course of ecology dredging processing method to certain city, south in a kind of river course of the present invention or lake.In water quality assessment index before improvement, CODcr, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are bad V class on all sections, belong to typical " black smelly " river, after administering, eliminate river black smelly, river water transparency in summer is generally increased to 400mm, and winter reaches 600mm, and water quality reaches " reuse of wastewater water for scenic environment use water quality standard " (GB/T18921-2002).
Claims (13)
1. the ecology dredging processing method in river course or lake, is characterized in that, comprise the process to bed mud, riverbed and river levee, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) with interim dam, river course is separated into multiple cofferdam, the bed mud in cofferdam is dug out, in bed mud, adds modifier modification, remove the heavy metal ion in bed mud, be then transported to after bed mud stacking drying bed carries out drying and other treatment and recycle; Described bed mud stacking drying bed surrounding is provided with encloses low bank between fields, the described low bank between fields inside wall that encloses is provided with anti-seepage geomembrane, described bed mud stacking drying bed is up provided with french drain impervious barrier, french drain, mud mattress layer, mud bed filtration beds and the bed mud for stacking bed mud successively and stores up layer from bottom, be provided with leachate collection pipe in described french drain;
(2) riverbed after dredging bed mud is up provided with supporting layer, transition zone, conversion zone, safe coatings successively, form potamobenthos film recovery system;
(3) be provided with staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box in the bottom of river levee, described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box surface is earth backing layer, and described bank slope face is provided with eco-concrete layer, and the bottom of described eco-concrete layer is connected with described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box; Described earth backing layer and described eco-concrete layer are emergent aquactic plant vegetable layer, the dike face of described river levee has dike face to plant sheath, form ecological shore protection system.
2. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, step (1) described modifier is flyash, and the consumption of described flyash is 0.08-0.12 times of bed mud quality.
3. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, step (1) described anti-seepage geomembrane is polypropylene anti-seepage geomembrane.
4. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fill the rubble of 30 ~ 50mm in step (1) described french drain, described french drain cross section is trapezoidal, and upper width is greater than lower width.
5. the ecology dredging processing method in river course or lake according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (1) described leachate collection pipe both sides interlock perforate, and pitch-row is 100mm-150mm, and aperture is 15mm-20mm.
6. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, step (1) described mud mattress layer is the layer of gravel of particle diameter at 4 ~ 8mm, the thickness 200mm-300mm of described mud mattress layer.
7. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, step (1) described mud bed filtration beds is the quartz sand layer of particle diameter between 1 ~ 2mm, and the thickness of described mud bed filtration beds is 250mm-350mm.
8. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the described leachate collection pipe of step (1) is connected with sedimentation basin.
9. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, step (2) described supporting layer is the gravel of particle diameter between 8mm ~ 16mm, and the thickness of described supporting layer is 100mm-200mm.
10. the ecology in river course or lake dredges processing method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, step (2) described transition zone is the gravel of particle diameter between 4mm ~ 8mm, and the thickness of described transition zone is 100mm-200mm.
11. according to claim 1 river course or lake ecology dredging processing method, it is characterized in that, step (2) described conversion zone is the cobble of particle diameter between 2 ~ 4mm, and the thickness of described conversion zone is 100mm-200mm.
12. according to claim 1 river course or lake ecology dredging processing method, it is characterized in that, step (2) described safe coatings is the quartz sand layer of particle diameter between 0.9mm ~ 1.5mm, and the thickness of described safe coatings is 100mm-200mm.
13. according to claim 1 river course or lake ecology dredging processing method, it is characterized in that, step (3) described staged Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box height is 400mm-500mm, width is 400mm-500mm, length is 2000mm-2500mm, cylinder mould aperture is 60mm ~ 80mm, and in cylinder mould, filling diameter is greater than the block stone of 80mm.
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| CN106904815A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-30 | 江苏江达生态环境科技有限公司 | A kind of natural water reparation, the method safeguarded |
| CN106906812A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of method that utilization river and lake silt builds artificial ecologic island |
| CN108547251A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 北京夏都水利工程有限公司 | A kind of method that dredging is dug in water conservancy punching |
| CN109408982A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-01 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of big partial size material dredging method |
| CN110790386A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-14 | 南京理工大学 | Ecological restoration method for steep lake shore zone of shallow lake with polluted bottom mud |
| CN110845103A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-02-28 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Heavy metal polluted river bottom mud treatment method |
| CN112012160A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-12-01 | 兴源环境科技股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly dredging method |
| CN113371956A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-09-10 | 中庆建设有限责任公司 | Method for treating bottom mud of surface water body |
| CN113754214A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-07 | 中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司 | Preparation method of bottom mud covering layer of black and odorous river channel and ecological restoration method of black and odorous river channel |
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| CN109408982A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-01 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of big partial size material dredging method |
| CN110790386A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-14 | 南京理工大学 | Ecological restoration method for steep lake shore zone of shallow lake with polluted bottom mud |
| CN110845103A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-02-28 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Heavy metal polluted river bottom mud treatment method |
| CN112012160A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-12-01 | 兴源环境科技股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly dredging method |
| CN112012160B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-04-19 | 兴源环境科技股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly dredging method |
| CN113371956A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-09-10 | 中庆建设有限责任公司 | Method for treating bottom mud of surface water body |
| CN113371956B (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-03-04 | 中庆建设有限责任公司 | Method for treating bottom mud of surface water body |
| CN113754214A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-07 | 中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司 | Preparation method of bottom mud covering layer of black and odorous river channel and ecological restoration method of black and odorous river channel |
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