Detailed description of the invention
Refer to Fig. 1, a kind of automatic locking screw machine 100, is connected with vacuum generator (not shown) by wireway 200.Under the effect of vacuum generator, automatic locking screw machine 100 produces and is less than atmospheric air pressure, thus produces absorption affinity to adsorb screw 300 from screw feeding machine (not shown).Then, screw 300 locks in product (not shown) by automatic locking screw machine 100.
Automatic locking screw machine 100 comprises lifting assembly 10, locks assembly 20, guidance set 30, absorbent module 40, detection components 50 and control module 60.Lock assembly 20, guidance set 30, absorbent module 40 and detection components 50 and can carry out elevating movement under the drive of lifting assembly 10.Lock assembly 20 and guidance set 30 can move by relative adsorption assembly 40 under external force.Control module 60 complete the absorption of screw 300 for controlling absorbent module 40 and locking assembly 20 and lock operation.
Refer to Fig. 2, the fixed structure 12 that lifting assembly 10 comprises lifting structure 11 and is fixed on lifting structure 11.Lifting structure 11 comprises keeper 111, guide 112, sliding part 113, bolster 114 and actuator 115.Keeper 111, for fixing with a support (not shown), is fixed on ad-hoc location to make automatic locking screw machine 100.Guide 112 and keeper 111 fix.Sliding part 113 slides and is arranged on guide 112, and under the driving of actuator 115, can carry out elevating movement by counter-guide 112.Bolster 114 is arranged between guide 112 and sliding part 113, for playing cushioning effect to sliding part 113.Actuator 115 drives sliding part 113 counter-guide 112 to move under the control controlling module 60.Actuator 115 can be compression cylinder equal power device.Fixed structure 12 is fixed on sliding part 113.Fixed structure 12 comprises connector 121 and holder 122.Connector 121 fixes with sliding part 113 and holder 122 respectively.Holder 122 comprises two clamping parts be oppositely arranged 1221.Two clamping parts 1221 are from relative sandwich and fixedly lock assembly 20, thus make to lock assembly 20 along with sliding part 113 together counter-guide 112 and carry out elevating movement.
Refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, lock the elastic component 23 that assembly 20 comprises drive division 21, is removably installed in the screwdriver 22 of drive division 21 one end and is sheathed on screwdriver 22.Drive division 21 is held between two clamping parts 1221, is fixed on fixed structure 12 to make locking assembly 20.Drive division 21 drives screwdriver 22 to rotate, to lock operation to screw 300 under the control controlling module 60.Drive division 21 is also for controlling the locking degree of screwdriver 22 pairs of screws 300.When the locking degree of screw 300 reaches predetermined value, drive division 21 sends and locks settling signal to controlling module 60, stops driving screwdriver 22 to rotate to control drive division 21.Elastic component 23 is a Compress Spring.One end of elastic component 23 is resisted against on drive division 21, and the other end is resisted against in absorbent module 40.
Guidance set 30 comprises the cylindrical sleeve 31 of hollow and is fixed on the guide part 32 of sleeve 31 one end.The sidewall 313 that sleeve 31 comprises the bottom relative with top 311, top 311 312 and is connected between top 311 and bottom 312.Top 311 and connector 121 fix.Bottom 312 and guide part 32 fix.Sidewall 313 is provided with two relative perforates 3131.Guide part 32 is fixed on the bottom 312 of sleeve 31 by screw locking mode.Guide part 32 comprises the projection 321 be inserted in sleeve 31 and the pilot hole 322 running through projection 321.
The suction nozzle 42 that absorbent module 40 comprises connecting portion 41 and fixes with connecting portion 41.Connecting portion 41 is contained in sleeve 31, and can slide by relative sleeve 31.Connecting portion 41 comprises top 411, the bottom 412 relative with top 411 and runs through the through hole 413 of top 411 and bottom 412.Top 411 and elastic component 23 abut against.Wireway 200 is fixed on connecting portion 41 through the perforate 3131 on sleeve 31, and is communicated with through hole 413.Suction nozzle 42 can expose to guidance set 30 through pilot hole 322, and can move relative to guidance set 30 under the guide effect of pilot hole 322.Suction nozzle 42 comprise body 421 and be arranged at body 421 opposite end stiff end 422 and absorption end 423.The gas channel 424 running through absorption end 423, body 421 and stiff end 422 is provided with in suction nozzle 42.Stiff end 422 is screwed together in the bottom 412 of connecting portion 41, fixes to make suction nozzle 42 and connecting portion 41.Gas channel 424 is connected with through hole 413 via stiff end 422.Outside air can enter in suction nozzle 42 via gas channel 424 under the effect of the vacuum generator be connected with through hole 413, and produces the absorption affinity for adsorbing screw 300 at absorption end 423.
Refer to Fig. 5, absorption end 423 comprise away from the end 4231 of body 421, the madial wall 4232 relative with gas channel 424 and with end 4231 spaced a predetermined distance by madial wall 4232 vertical stop surface 4233 protruded in gas channel 424.The guiding face 4235 that end 4231 comprises the end face 4234 vertical with madial wall 4232 and is connected between end face 4234 and madial wall 4232.Guiding face 4235 opposing end surface 4234 tilts.Guiding face 4235, for playing guide function when adsorbing end 423 and adsorbing screw to screw 300, more easily enters absorption end 423 to make screw 300.Stop surface 4233 is ringwise, and parallel with end face 4234.Backstop screw 300 when stop surface 4233 adsorbs end 423 for entering at screw 300, and screw 300 blocks the gas channel 424 at stop surface 4233 center.The center of stop surface 4233 plays position-limiting action when screwdriver 22 locks screw 300 to screwdriver 22, to reduce the probability that rocking appears in screwdriver 22.Absorption end 423 also comprises some guiding gutters 4236 be arranged on madial wall 4232.Some guiding gutters 4236 are equally spaced distributed on madial wall 4232.Each guiding gutter 4236 is all extended to stop surface 4233 in the shape of a spiral by end 4231, and runs through stop surface 4233 and be communicated with gas channel 424.So, when screw 300 rests on stop surface 4233, external air flow still can be entered in gas channel 424 by guiding gutter 4236.In the present embodiment, the helical angle of guiding gutter 4236 is 30 °.The width of guiding gutter 4236, the degree of depth and the anglec of rotation can according to different by the specification of screw 300 of adsorbing and adjust, thus the swirling eddy that generation is suitable in absorption end 423.
Detection components 50 is for detecting screwdriver 22 and whether the screw 300 that adsorbs of absorption end 423 contacts, and send detection signal to controlling module 60 when the screw 300 that screwdriver 22 and absorption end 423 adsorb contacts, and then control screwdriver 22 starts to rotate to lock screw 300.Detection components 50 comprises the first detection piece 51 and the second detection piece 52 arranged spaced a predetermined distance.First detection piece 51 is fixed on connector 121.Second detection piece 52 is fixed on connecting portion 41 through the perforate 3131 on sleeve 31.Above-mentioned preset distance moves and ultimate range needed for contacting relative to screw 300 for screwdriver 22.In the present embodiment, the first detection piece 51 is photoelectric sensor, and it comprises the light emission part and light receiver that are oppositely arranged.The light that light receiver sends for receiving light emission part.Second detection piece 52 is the bar of strip.When screwdriver 22 and the screw 300 that adsorb of absorption end 423 contact, the second detection piece 52 is between light emission part and light receiver and stop the light that light receiver reception light emission part sends.Now, light receiver produces above-mentioned detection signal and is sent to and controls module 60.
Control module 60 to decline for the actuator 115 stopping driving sliding part 113 responding the detection signal control lifting assembly 10 of the first detection piece 51 transmission, and the drive division 21 controlling to lock assembly 20 starts to drive screwdriver 22 to rotate to lock screw 300.Controlling the actuator 115 that lock settling signal control lifting assembly 10 of module 60 also for responding drive division 21 transmission drives sliding part 113 to rise.
During assembling automatic locking screw machine 100, first, user is fixed on locking assembly 20 on the fixed structure 12 of lifting assembly 10.Secondly, absorbent module 40 is sheathed on screwdriver 22 by user.Now, screwdriver 22 enters in the gas channel 424 of suction nozzle 42 through the through hole 413 on connecting portion 41.The two ends of elastic component 23 are resisted against on the top 411 of drive division 21 and connecting portion 41 respectively.Then, guidance set 30 is sheathed in absorbent module 40 by user, and is fixed on fixed structure 12.Now, the relative guidance set 30 of absorbent module 40 is in initial position.The bottom 412 of connecting portion 41 is resisted against on the projection 321 of guide part 32 under the elastic force effect of elastic component 23.Suction nozzle 42 exposes to guidance set 30 through the pilot hole 322 of guide part 32.Then, the first detection piece 51 of detection components 50 is fixed on fixed structure 12 by user, and is fixed on connecting portion 41 by the second detection piece 52.Finally, user makes the through hole 413 on connecting portion 41 be communicated with vacuum generator by wireway 200.
The operation principle of automatic locking screw machine 100 is as follows: first, and vacuum generator is started working, and to make outside air enter vacuum generator via suction nozzle 42, connecting portion 41, thus produces absorption affinity at absorption end 423 place.Secondly, automatic locking screw machine 100 adsorbs screw 300 from screw feeding machine under the control of lifting assembly 10, and makes screw 300 aim at screw hole on product to be locked.Then, lifting assembly 10 drives and locks assembly 20, guidance set 30, absorbent module 40 and detection components 50 and move down under the control controlling module 60.When the screw 300 adsorbing end 423 absorption contacts with product, screw 300, absorbent module 40 and the second detection piece 52 stop moving down under the backstop of product.Lock assembly 20, guidance set 30 and the first detection piece 51 to continue to move down under the effect of lifting assembly 10, contact with screw 300 to make screwdriver 22.In the process, elastic component 23 is produced elastic-restoring force by compressing.Distance between first detection piece 51 and the second detection piece 52 reduces gradually.When the screw 300 that screwdriver 22 and absorption end 423 adsorb contacts, the first detection piece 51 detects the second detection piece 52.Now, the first detection piece 51 sends detection signal to controlling module 60.The actuator 115 that control module 60 responds this detection signal control lifting assembly 10 stops driving sliding part 113 to decline, and the drive division 21 controlling to lock assembly 20 starts to drive screwdriver 22 to rotate.Screwdriver 22 through the gas channel 424 at the center of stop surface 4233, and locks screw 300 under the position-limiting action of stop surface 4233.When the locking degree of screw 300 reaches predetermined value, drive division 21 makes screwdriver 22 stop operating, and transmission locks settling signal to controlling module 60.Control module 60 to lock settling signal and control the actuator 115 of lifting assembly 10 according to this and drive sliding part 113 to rise, thus make to lock assembly 20, guidance set 30, absorbent module 40 and detection components 50 and move up.Absorbent module 40 returns back to initial position under the effect of the elastic-restoring force of elastic component 23, and the second detection piece 52 is separated with the first detection piece 51, to adsorb screw 300 next time.
Adsorb in the process of screw 300 at suction nozzle 42 from screw feeding machine, when adsorbing the position of end 423 and being there is small dislocation between the screw 300 that adsorbs, guiding face 4235 can play guiding function to screw 300, is entered absorption end 423 to make screw 300 by successfully absorption.After screw 300 enters absorption end 423, outside air can be entered in gas channel 424 by spiral helicine guiding gutter 4236, and forms the air-flow rotated in absorption end 423.The airflow function of this rotation makes screw 300 be rotating to move to stop surface 4233 after screw 300.When screw 300 is by stop surface 4233 backstop, because guiding gutter 4236 runs through stop surface 4233, therefore outside air still can enter gas channel 424 by guiding gutter 4236.Now, the pressure that air-flow is formed makes screw 300, and stop surface 4233 is static relatively.Because screw 300 is rotating to enter absorption end 423, therefore, it is possible to reduce the probability that blocks of screw 300, thus there is the probability of skew in the position reducing screw 300, and improve screw 300 when screwdriver 22 locks screw 300 lock yield.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.