CN105149798A - Method for suppressing welding pores in laser and electric arc composite welding of aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Method for suppressing welding pores in laser and electric arc composite welding of aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105149798A CN105149798A CN201510690249.4A CN201510690249A CN105149798A CN 105149798 A CN105149798 A CN 105149798A CN 201510690249 A CN201510690249 A CN 201510690249A CN 105149798 A CN105149798 A CN 105149798A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for suppressing welding pores in laser and electric arc composite welding of aluminum alloy and belongs to the field of laser composite welding. The content of niobium powder needing to be arranged in advance is selected according to the requirements for the weld width and weld depth of a weld. The requirement for the weld width of the weld is 3-6 mm, the requirement for the weld depth of the weld is 1-7 mm, and the content of the niobium powder ranges from 0-13.2 mg/cm. Welding parameters are determined according to the content of the niobium powder in the weld, wherein when the content of the niobium powder in the weld is 0-6.6 mg/cm, the laser power is 350-380 W, and the electric arc current is 140-150 A; when the content of the niobium powder in the weld is 6.6-13.2 mg/cm, the laser power is 380-400 W, and the electric arc current is 150-160 A. According to the method, the niobium powder is arranged on the surface of a welding piece in advance, the content of the niobium powder is accurately controlled, and thus the welding pores are effectively suppressed; operation is convenient, the implement cost is low, and the content of the niobium powder in the weld can be simply, conveniently and flexibly adjusted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser compound welding field, relate to a kind of weld blowhole suppressing method.Specifically refer to a kind of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Al Alloy weld blowhole suppressing method, can effectively reduce Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Al Alloy weld blowhole.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has that density is low, intensity is high, processing and the feature such as plasticity is good, is applied widely in fields such as rail vehicle, automobile, machine-building, chemical industry, boats and ships and aviations.Because aluminium alloy is when welding process, atmosphere and the solubility of hydrogen in welding pool process of setting contained by aluminium alloy itself sharply decline, causing the hydrogen dissolved in hot stage molten bath to have little time effusion, remain in weld seam, causing aluminium alloy very easily to produce pore when welding.Weld blowhole can not only destroy the compactness of weld metal, weaken the net sectional area of weld seam, and can reduce weldment loaded area, reduce weld properties and decay resistance, especially weld blowhole defect will become formation of crack under component is subject to Cyclic Load, has a strong impact on the fatigue behaviour of component.The gas hole defect produced in aluminum alloy welding termination process constrains its extensive use in the industry to a great extent.
In the problem eliminating welded seam of aluminium alloy gas hole defect, domestic and international experts and scholars have employed a lot of methods, such as double focus laser welding, laser-arc hybrid welding in industry etc. reduce the porosity in welded seam of aluminium alloy all to a certain extent, wherein more with the application of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry aluminium alloy method.Laser-arc hybrid welding in industry is one of welding technology of current most development potentiality and application prospect, during for Welded, has that efficiency is high, fusion penetration is large and the advantage such as bridging capability is strong.But the laser-arc hybrid welding in industry aluminium alloy porosity still maintains higher level, for the aluminum alloy junction component that sealing requirements is high, far instructions for use can not be met.Therefore, how Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Al Alloy is suppressed to connect pore significant.
The method that aluminum current Alloy by Laser-electric arc combined welding process reduces pore mainly contains:
(1) Song Yonglun, Yang Xiaohong, Yan Zhihong, Ran Guowei, Xiao Tianjiao, Lin Jiangbo, laser-TIG the electric arc hybrid welding technology of middle spaceflight aluminum alloy plate with medium thickness and high strength, Chinese invention patent, publication number CN101670495B, disclose a kind of laser-TIG arc hybrid welding method of middle spaceflight aluminum alloy plate with medium thickness and high strength, adopt optical-fiber laser and DC pulse TIG electric arc combined, by accurate adjustment composite welding parameter, in realization, thick aluminium alloy sheets is welded, and reduce weld blowhole rate, but the laser power that uses of the method is comparatively large and the porosity still maintains 4%-6%.
(2) Liu Xiangyu, slow sea otter, Xu Guojian, Du Peng, a kind of swing laser beam hybrid Laser-Arc Welding head, Chinese invention patent, publication number CN203184843U, disclose a kind of utilization and swing laser beam and arc hybrid welding method, utilize the swing in high frequency of laser beam, formed the strong stirring action in molten bath, increase the stability of weld keyhole, thus reduce the Welded porosity, but the porosity is still in 4%-6% level.The method needs arrange reflect focalization unit in laser head inside and install drive motors, equipment relative complex.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, connecing the problem that cannot obtain compared with low-porosity to solve Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Al Alloy, the invention provides a kind of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Al Alloy weld blowhole suppressing method.
A kind of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Al Alloy weld blowhole of the present invention suppressing method, comprises the following steps:
Before A, welding, require selected required niobium powder content according to weld pool width fusion penetration, described weld pool width 3 ~ 6mm, fusion penetration 1 ~ 7mm, described niobium powder content scope is 0 ~ 13.2mg/cm;
B, according to A step in ratio, according to fusion length, get niobium powder, dry, bake out temperature 70 ~ 100 DEG C, drying time 50 ~ 80min;
C, niobium powder absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone to be mixed, be evenly preset in portion faces to be welded, to be welded;
D, according to the content determination welding parameter of niobium powder in weld seam: when the content of niobium powder in weld seam is 0 ~ 6.6mg/cm, laser power 350 ~ 380W, arc current 140 ~ 150A; When the content of niobium powder in weld seam is 6.6 ~ 13.2mg/cm, laser power 380 ~ 400W, arc current 150 ~ 160A.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention passes through at the preset niobium powder in weldment surface, accurate control niobium powder content, utilize niobium can form hydride with part hydrogen, produce solid hydrogen effect, effectively inhibit the generation of weld blowhole, the seam cross-section porosity significantly reduces, and improves weldquality, for aluminum alloy junction component welding and repair significant.
2. the inventive method is simple, simple operation, and implementation cost is cheap, and niobium powder content in weld seam regulates flexibly easy, has larger practical value.
3. the present invention effectively can suppress the generation of Welded pore, reduces below the seam cross-section porosity to 1%, and device, method is simple, reduces costs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is composite welding schematic diagram.
In figure: 1. aluminium alloy plate, 2. niobium powder section, 3. laser beam, 4. welding gun.
Detailed description of the invention:
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Embodiment: for 6061-T651 aluminium alloy plate 1, according to the requirement of weld pool width fusion penetration, molten wide 3.5 ~ 4.5mm, fusion penetration 3 ~ 4mm, selected required niobium powder content is 5mg/cm; Mechanical grinding weldment surface, and with washes of absolute alcohol; Get appropriate niobium powder, dry, setting bake out temperature 80 DEG C, drying time 60min, cool with stove; Niobium powder absolute ethyl alcohol is mixed, is preset in aluminium alloy plate 1 to be welded surface, treat ethanol volatilization totally, weldment is fixed on welding tool setup; Setting welding parameter: laser power 380W, arc current 150A, argon flow amount 9L/min, speed of welding 300mm/min; The relative position of adjustment laser beam 3, welding gun 4 and aluminium alloy plate 1, relative to 5 °, perpendicular laser beam 3 drift angle, 40 °, welding gun 4 drift angle, electric arc is apart from aluminium alloy plate 1 height 1.5mm; In distance niobium powder section 2 starting end 35mm place's starting the arc, welding, terminates end 5mm place in distance niobium powder section 2 and receives arc; Blow-out, closedown laser instrument, weld complete.Carry out laser-arc hybrid welding in industry by adding niobium powder, obtain the cross section porosity lower than 1% weld seam, and face of weld flat smooth, pattern is good.
Embodiment 2: for 6061-T651 aluminium alloy plate 1, this example as different from Example 1: this example according to the requirement of weld pool width fusion penetration, molten wide 4 ~ 6mm, fusion penetration 3.5 ~ 5mm, selected required niobium powder content is 10mg/cm; Setting welding parameter: laser power 400W, arc current 160A, argon flow amount 9L/min, speed of welding 300mm/min.
Embodiment 3: this example as different from Example 1: this example according to the requirement of weld pool width fusion penetration, molten wide 3 ~ 6mm, fusion penetration 5 ~ 7mm, selected required niobium powder content is 13.2mg/cm; Setting welding parameter: laser power 400W, arc current 160A, argon flow amount 9L/min, speed of welding 300mm/min.
Embodiment 4: this example as different from Example 1: this example according to the requirement of weld pool width fusion penetration, molten wide 1 ~ 3mm, fusion penetration 3 ~ 6mm, selected required niobium powder content is 12mg/cm; Setting welding parameter: laser power 400W, arc current 150A, argon flow amount 9L/min, speed of welding 300mm/min.
Embodiment 5: this example as different from Example 1: this example according to the requirement of weld pool width fusion penetration, molten wide 2 ~ 5mm, fusion penetration 1 ~ 4mm, selected required niobium powder content is 1mg/cm; Setting welding parameter: laser power 380W, arc current 140A, argon flow amount 9L/min, speed of welding 300mm/min.
Claims (1)
1. a Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Al Alloy weld blowhole suppressing method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Before A, welding, require selected required niobium powder content according to weld pool width fusion penetration, described weld pool width 3 ~ 6mm, fusion penetration 1 ~ 7mm, described niobium powder content scope is 0 ~ 13.2mg/cm;
B, according to A step in ratio, according to fusion length, get niobium powder, dry, bake out temperature 70 ~ 100 DEG C, drying time 50 ~ 80min;
C, niobium powder absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone to be mixed, be evenly preset in portion faces to be welded, to be welded;
D, according to the content determination welding parameter of niobium powder in weld seam: when the content of niobium powder in weld seam is 0 ~ 6.6mg/cm, laser power 350 ~ 380W, arc current 140 ~ 150A; When the content of niobium powder in weld seam is 6.6 ~ 13.2mg/cm, laser power 380 ~ 400W, arc current 150 ~ 160A.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106825912A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of suppressing method of aluminium alloy Laser Deep Penetration Welding stomata |
| CN111044535A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 上海交通大学 | Electric arc spectrum sensor and method for detecting defects of aluminum alloy welding air holes |
| CN112846658A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Method for eliminating air holes in medium-thickness steel lock bottom type welding seam |
| CN113909678A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-11 | 哈焊国创(青岛)焊接工程创新中心有限公司 | Welding system for aluminum alloy laser welding and surface treatment method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106825912A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of suppressing method of aluminium alloy Laser Deep Penetration Welding stomata |
| CN111044535A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 上海交通大学 | Electric arc spectrum sensor and method for detecting defects of aluminum alloy welding air holes |
| CN112846658A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Method for eliminating air holes in medium-thickness steel lock bottom type welding seam |
| CN113909678A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-11 | 哈焊国创(青岛)焊接工程创新中心有限公司 | Welding system for aluminum alloy laser welding and surface treatment method |
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Address after: No.18a-1, Feiyun Road, Hunnan District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: Shenyang fuchuang precision equipment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 110168 no.18a-1, Feiyun Road, Hunnan New District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee before: Shenyang Fortune Precision Equipment Co.,Ltd. |