CN105142905A - 用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元 - Google Patents

用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元 Download PDF

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CN105142905A
CN105142905A CN201480018118.5A CN201480018118A CN105142905A CN 105142905 A CN105142905 A CN 105142905A CN 201480018118 A CN201480018118 A CN 201480018118A CN 105142905 A CN105142905 A CN 105142905A
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A·切尔切洛
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    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
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    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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    • B05C1/083—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets being passed between the coating roller and one or more backing rollers
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    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/0847—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the circumferential speed of the coating roller and the work speed having same direction but different value
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    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
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    • B05C1/086—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line a pool of coating material being formed between a roller, e.g. a dosing roller and an element cooperating therewith
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，它包括至少一对抵靠件(11)，在该对抵靠件上安装了：第一拾取辊(12)，用于从收集区域(13)收集一定量粘接剂；第二辊(14)，该第二辊(14)与所述第一辊(12)接触地旋转，将接收所述量的粘接剂；以及第三辊(15)，该第三辊与所述第二辊(14)接触地旋转；其特征在于：所述抵靠件(11)包括至少一个固定部分(19)和一个运动部分(20、21)，该运动部分(20、21)能够与固定部分牢固连接，所述运动部分(20、21)设置成：容纳储罐(17)，所述粘接剂收集区域(13)存在于该储罐(17)内；或者容纳另外的第四辊(18)，该第四辊定位成离所述第一辊(12)给定距离，所述收集区域(13)布置在所述第一和所述第四辊(12、18)之间的上部空间中。

Description

用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元
本发明涉及一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，特别是涉及一种用于粘接机器的粘接剂涂布单元。
为了生产包括多层交叠薄膜的层叠薄膜，通常使用这样的机器，其中，第一层薄膜(例如由塑料、纸张、铝等制造)通过薄层胶水而与至少第二层薄膜层叠，该薄层胶水在粘接之前均匀地施加在所述两层中的一层上。
为了生产所述层叠薄膜，通常使用两个不同系列的粘接剂，即基于溶剂的粘接剂和无溶剂的粘接剂。
由于在这两种粘接剂之间的化学-物理差异，特别是由于粘度的较大差异，粘接剂通常使用设计成用于一种特殊类型粘接剂的涂布单元来施加。
本申请人的专利EP1710019介绍了一种用于粘接机器的粘接剂涂布单元，适合用于基于溶剂的粘接剂。
在这些类型的涂布单元中，粘接剂容纳在与第一辊接触的刀片腔室中，该第一辊的表面进行雕刻，以便获得紧密图形的微室，少量的粘接剂能够沉积在该微室内，且该第一辊再与橡胶包覆辊接触地旋转，所述微室将从刀片腔室获取的粘接剂释放在该橡胶包覆辊上。薄膜与所述橡胶包覆辊接触地前进，并保持压靠它，以便将薄层粘接剂传递至它的表面上。
低粘度类型的、基于溶剂的粘接剂能够进行从刀片腔室至第一辊的传递以及再从第一辊至第二辊的传递，这使得刮刀能够精确刮擦第一辊的表面，并使得微室能够将它们的几乎全部内容物传递至橡胶包覆辊的表面上，从而只留下可忽略量的粘接剂粘附在微室的壁上。
另一方面，也是本申请人的专利EP0324892介绍了一种用于粘接机器的粘接剂涂布单元，适用于无溶剂的粘接剂。
已经知道，这些粘接剂有较高粘度(比基于溶剂的粘接剂高得多)，这需要使用与上述涂布机器不同的涂布机器。
特别是，高粘度将导致第一雕刻辊由刀片腔室低效地刮擦(这对于确定传递给薄膜的粘接剂的量很重要)以及粘接剂低效地沉积在第二橡胶包覆辊上(由于材料较强地粘附在微室的壁上)。
为此，粘接剂涂布单元(例如在专利EP0324892中介绍的涂布单元)包括钢的第一辊和钢的第二辊，该第二辊定位成几乎与第一辊接触，但是并不旋转。粘接剂供给在所述辊之间的上部区域中，并由壁来侧向保持，以便形成一种储罐。
在第一和第二辊之间的百分之几毫米的距离使得均匀层的薄膜沉积在第二辊上，该层薄膜再传递给另一橡胶包覆辊和最终在传递给运动薄膜之前传递给由铬钢制造的涂布器辊。
因此，沉积在薄膜上的粘接剂的量主要通过调节在第一和第二辊之间的速度差和它们之间的距离来确定。
还在该例中，所述的粘接剂涂布单元将不能有效地用于基于溶剂的粘接剂，该基于溶剂的粘接剂将由于减小的粘度而不能利用在前面两个辊之间的间隙的有效剂量，因为材料将很容易不可控制地滑出所述间隙外。
尽管无溶剂的粘接剂的使用快速增长，特别是它们从环境观点来看很有利，减小了污染的危险(这对于食品非常重要)，但是基于溶剂的粘接剂仍然在包装部门中广泛使用。对于一些用途，例如当包装需要在高压釜中处理时(用于消毒或其它类似原因)，无溶剂的粘接剂不能提供与基于溶剂的粘接剂相同水平的性能。
由于这些原因，对于生产具有两层或更多层的层叠材料的公司(不仅在包装部门中)，装备有能够利用基于溶剂的粘接剂来工作的机器和能够利用无溶剂的粘接剂来工作的机器几乎是必要的。
不过，根据需要，公司可能发现只在一种机器上全容量地工作，而使得另一机器空闲，因为它们与所需的产品不相容。
显然，根据用于购买机器的投资和它们非生产性地占据的空间量，这可能导致公司的明显损失。
也可选择，为了保持完全生产能力，公司可能根据它们与两种粘接剂中的一种的相容性而被迫限制其产品范围。
在本文中，本发明的目的是提供一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，该单元克服了上述现有技术的问题。
特别是，本发明的目的是提供一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，该单元能够利用低粘度的粘接剂(例如基于溶剂的粘接剂或基于水的粘接剂)和利用高粘度的粘接剂(例如无溶剂的粘接剂)来高效工作。
更具体地说，本发明的目的是提供一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，它能够快速和简单地从用于利用低粘度的粘接剂来工作的结构转换成用于利用高粘度的粘接剂来工作的结构。
本发明的还一目的是提供一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，该单元并不像已知装置那样复杂，因此可靠和经济。
这些目的基本通过一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元来实现，该单元包括至少一对抵靠件，在该对抵靠件上安装了：
-第一拾取辊，该第一拾取辊布置成用于从收集区域收集一定量粘接剂；
-第二辊，该第二辊与所述第一辊接触地旋转，布置成接收所述量的粘接剂；以及
-第三辊，该第三辊与所述第二辊接触地旋转；
其特征在于：所述抵靠件包括至少一个固定部分和一个运动部分，该运动部分能够与固定部分牢固连接，所述运动部分设置成：
-容纳储罐，所述粘接剂收集区域存在于该储罐内；或者
-容纳另外的第四辊，该第四辊定位成离所述第一辊给定距离，所述收集区域布置在所述第一和所述第四辊之间的上部空间中。
这样，通过将设置成容纳储罐(例如刀片腔室)的运动部分安装在抵靠件上，粘接剂涂布单元能够用于低粘度粘接剂，例如基于溶剂的粘接剂。相反，通过将设置成容纳第四辊和所述辊的运动部分安装在抵靠件上，粘接剂涂布单元能够用于具有更高粘度的粘接剂，例如无溶剂的粘接剂。
而且，优选是，在所述第二运动部分上可以有用于容纳第一拾取辊的支承轴的座的至少一个部件，而其余部件在抵靠件的固定部分上。
这能够在安装或更换运动部分时快速和容易地安装和拆卸所述第一辊。
因此，当使用低粘度的粘接剂时，提供有雕刻表面的第一辊能够用于从储罐拾取一定量的粘接剂，或者相反，具有平滑表面的第一辊能够基本紧邻第四辊安装(即在百分之几毫米的距离处)，以便从布置在所述辊之间的上部空间中的收集区域来收集薄层粘接剂。
通过对附图中表示的本发明优选(但并不排他)实施例的实例的示意和(因此)非限定说明，将更清楚其它特征和优点，附图中：
图1表示了根据本发明的涂布单元在非操作状态和局部拆卸时的侧视图；
图2a表示了根据本发明的涂布单元在用于低粘度粘接剂的结构中的分解侧视图；
图2b表示了图2a中所示的涂布单元在操作状态中的侧视图；
图2c表示了图1a中所示的涂布单元在操作过程中的侧视图；
图3a表示了根据本发明的涂布单元在用于高粘度粘接剂的结构中的分解侧视图；
图3b表示了图3a中所示的涂布单元在操作状态中的侧视图；
图3c表示了图3a中所示的涂布单元在操作状态中的侧视图。
参考附图，由参考标号10表示的涂布单元包括一对抵靠件11(在侧视图中表示为只有一个可见)，该对抵靠件11布置成用于支承安装在它们之间的涂布辊的端部。
更具体地说，至少一个第一拾取辊12安装在所述抵靠件上，与在收集区域13(图2b、3c)中的粘接剂接触，布置成用于收集一定量的所述粘接剂，以便将它传递给相邻辊。
甚至更特别是，所述辊提供有支承轴，该支承轴有两个凸出的侧端(图中未示出)，这两个凸出侧端分别容纳在两个抵靠件中的一个上的座内，优选是以固定方式。
在所述抵靠件11上还安装了：至少一个第二辊14，该第二辊14与所述第一辊12接触地旋转，并布置成从第一辊12接收从收集区域13收集的一定量粘接剂；以及第三辊15，该第三辊15与所述第二辊14接触地旋转。
第三辊15以与第一辊12类似的方式来安装，同时第二辊14优选是可以安装在支承件16(图2c、3c)上，该支承件16使得它能够相对于第一和第三辊12、15进行较小运动。
本发明的特征在于，所述抵靠件11包括至少一个固定部分19和一个运动部分20、21，该运动部分20、21能够与固定部分牢固连接，例如通过螺钉或其它类似的连接装置。
根据本发明，所述运动部分20、21可以设置成容纳储罐17，所述粘接剂收集区域13形成于该储罐17中(图2a-2c)，或者也可选择，该运动部分20、21设置成容纳第四辊18。具体地说，所述第四辊18基本布置成与第一辊12接触，以使得收集区域13布置在所述两个辊之间的上部空间中(图3a-3c)。
该特征使得涂布单元能够从用于低粘度粘接剂(例如基于溶剂的粘接剂或者基于水的粘接剂)的结构(图2b)转变成用于高粘度粘接剂(例如无溶剂的粘接剂)的结构(图3b)，以及相反。
更具体地说，在一个变化形式中，运动部分20可以设置成容纳储罐17，该储罐17布置成邻近第一辊12，以使得它的表面的至少一部分能够与容纳于其内部的粘接剂收集区域13接触。
优选是，所述储罐17可以包括刀片腔室22，该刀片腔室通过两个支承托架23而与各抵靠件的运动部分20牢固连接。
在这种结构中，第一辊12能够是网纹(anilox)类型的辊，意思是它有雕刻表面，以便形成微室，一定量的粘接剂能够沉积在该微室中。优选是，所述第一辊12的表面由陶瓷材料来制造。因此，刀片腔室优选是由一对刀片24来形成，当该对刀片24与第一辊12的运动表面接触时，它们除去多余的粘接剂，并只留下容纳于微室中的量。
容纳在第一辊12的微室中的粘接剂再成薄层传递给第二辊14，该第二辊14与第一辊接触地旋转。
根据优选变化形式，所述第二辊14涂覆有一层橡胶，优选是一层硫化橡胶。
因此，这样设置的涂布单元适合通过低粘度粘接剂来工作，例如基于溶剂的粘接剂或基于水的粘接剂。
在这种操作状态下，涂布单元的操作包括使得薄膜F局部缠绕在第三辊15上并经过它和第二辊14之间，它从该第二辊14收集成薄层形式的粘接剂(图2c)。
如前所述，所述运动部分21能够可选地设置成容纳第四辊18，该第四辊18布置成靠近第一辊12和几乎与该第一辊12接触。所述第四辊18并不旋转，而是保持固定在它的轴线上。更具体地说，在所述运动部分上有座25，用于以与第一和第三辊12、15类似的方式来容纳所述第四辊18的支承轴。
更具体地说，在该结构中，所述运动部分21形成为使得所述辊12、18保持成相互距离(间隔)只有百分之几毫米。
将粘接剂供应到收集区域13，在这种情况下，收集区域13位于两个辊12、18的上部中，以便跟随第一辊12的转动，粘接剂的薄层保持在其上，施加通过百分之几毫米的间隔。
在这种结构中，所述第一辊12能够有完全平滑表面，优选是由铬钢制造。
然后，所述层的粘接剂从第一辊12传递给第二辊14，然后传递给第三辊15，其中，各辊旋转为比前面的辊更快，从而使得粘接剂的层更加薄。
因此，这样设置的涂布单元适合通过高粘度粘接剂来工作，例如无溶剂的粘接剂。
根据本发明，在抵靠件11的所述运动部分20、21上有至少局部座26，用于容纳所述第一拾取辊12的支承轴(图中未示出)。
实际上，所述座的部件26b在抵靠件11的所述运动部分20、21上，其余部件26a在固定部分19上。
当运动部分20、21与固定部分19连接时，座26能够容纳和保持第一辊12的轴。
这样，通过拆卸和更换各抵靠件的运动部分20、21，能够用第四辊18代替储罐17(或者相反)以及用具有完全平滑表面的另一辊或具有雕刻表面的网纹类型的另一辊来代替第一辊12。
因此，通过很少的简单操作，涂布单元能够转变成用于低粘度粘接剂(例如基于溶剂的粘接剂)或者用于高粘度粘接剂(例如无溶剂的粘接剂)。
优选是，当设置成容纳第四辊18时，所述运动部分21能够形成为使第一辊12和所述第四辊18保持成使得它们的轴线在基本水平平面上对齐。这使得在两个辊之间的上部部分能够用于容纳粘接剂收集区域13。
根据优选的变化形式，所述运动部分21能够包括还一运动部分28，该还一运动部分28能够与运动部分21牢固连接，在该还一运动部分28中有用于容纳所述第四辊18的轴的座25的部件25b。
另一方面，座25的其余部件25a在运动部分21中。
这种结构甚至能够更容易地将第四辊18安装在涂布单元的抵靠件11上和从该抵靠件11上拆卸。
根据另一变化形式，涂布单元还可以包括第五按压器辊27，该第五按压器辊27与第三辊15接触地旋转。
当涂布单元设置成通过低粘度粘接剂来工作时，薄膜F局部环绕第三辊15缠绕一定角度，该角度由所述第三辊15分别与第二辊14和所述第五按压器辊27接触的点来确定。
相反，当涂布单元设置成通过高粘度粘接剂来工作时，薄膜F局部环绕第五按压器辊27缠绕一变化的角度，因此它与第三辊在粘接剂收集点处接触。
还根据另一优选变化形式，第一拾取辊12和/或第三辊15和/或第四辊18可以提供有加热装置，用于在需要时加热表面。
优选是，所述装置可以包括在辊内部和在表面下的通道，在该通道中能够流通由专用加热单元加热的热承载流体(水或等效溶液)。
当涂布单元用于需要保持在比室温更高的温度的无溶剂粘接剂或其它高粘度粘接剂(以便使它们保持在能够涂布它们的粘度)时，这特别有利。
类似的，需要时，辊能够通过使得低温液体在它们内部流通而快速冷却。
由于本发明，能够产生用于使得粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，该单元能够通过不同类型的粘接剂来工作，特别是通过具有相当大的粘度差异的粘接剂，例如基于溶剂的粘接剂和无溶剂的粘接剂。
具体地说，这样设置的涂布单元能够通过应用设置成容纳刀片腔室22或容纳第四辊18的运动部分20、21而只在几分钟内制备成用于给定类型的粘接剂。
类似的，提供有雕刻表面的第一辊12能够很容易地安装，例如用于刀片腔室22，或者提供有平滑表面的第一辊12能够与第四辊18联合使用。
根据本发明的涂布单元没有已知装置的结构复杂性，同时保持相同的可靠性和制造成本。
如上所述和所示的本发明可以有多种变化和改变，它们都落在本发明的范围内，而且，所有细节可以由其它技术等效元件代替。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于将粘接剂涂布至运动薄膜上的单元，包括至少一对抵靠件(11)，在该对抵靠件上安装了：
-第一拾取辊(12)，该第一拾取辊布置成用于从收集区域(13)收集一定量粘接剂；
-第二辊(14)，该第二辊与所述第一辊(12)接触地旋转，布置成接收所述量的粘接剂；以及
-第三辊(15)，该第三辊与所述第二辊(14)接触地旋转；
其特征在于：所述抵靠件(11)包括至少一个固定部分(19)和一个运动部分(20、21)，该运动部分能够与固定部分牢固连接，所述运动部分(20、21)可设置成：
-容纳储罐(17)，所述粘接剂收集区域(13)存在于该储罐内；或者
-容纳另外的第四辊(18)，该第四辊定位成离所述第一辊(12)给定距离，所述收集区域(13)布置在所述第一辊(12)和所述第四辊(18)之间的上部空间中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：在所述第二运动部分(20、21)上有布置成用于容纳所述第一拾取辊(12)的支承轴的座(26)的至少一个部件(26b)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：在所述固定部分(19)上至少有布置成用于容纳所述第一拾取辊(12)的支承轴的座(26)的其余部件。
4.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：所述运动部分(20、21)能够通过螺钉或类似元件而与所述固定部分(19)牢固连接。
5.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：所述运动部分(21)设置成使得第一辊和第四辊(12、18)的轴保持在基本水平平面上对齐。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：所述运动部分(21)包括能够与它牢固连接的另外运动部分(28)，在该另外运动部分(28)上有布置成容纳第四辊(18)的轴的座的部件(25b)。
7.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：所述储罐(17)包括刀片腔室(22)，该刀片腔室(22)通过拖架(23)而牢固安装在运动部分(20)上。
8.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：所述第一拾取辊(12)具有平滑表面或者提供有多个凹入部分的表面。
9.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，还包括：第五按压辊(27)，该第五按压辊与第三辊(15)接触地旋转，薄膜局部环绕所述第三辊(15)缠绕一定角度，该角度在所述辊(15)与第二辊(14)和所述第五按压辊(27)的接触点之间。
10.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的用于涂布粘接剂的单元，其中：所述第一辊(21)和/或所述第三辊(15)和/或所述第四辊(18)提供有用于加热表面的加热装置。
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