CN1051419A

CN1051419A - Mechanical grate coal furnace chimney arch shaped design

Info

Publication number: CN1051419A
Application number: CN 89107326
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘茂俊; 刘星
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-10-31
Filing date: 1989-10-31
Publication date: 1991-05-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of new design of improving the mechanical grate coal furnace arch.Feature of the present invention is with the benchmark parameter of fire grate effective length as the arch form major parameter, has clearly provided the optimization numerical value of forward and backward arch aditus laryngis.Adopt this conceptual design arch form, easy to be reasonable in the design, can make 1-20 ton/time mechanical grate coal furnace reach the requirement of economical operation in the application, widened accommodation to coal.Coal saving rate average 10%.

Description

Mechanical grate coal furnace chimney arch shaped design

The invention belongs to the new design of a kind of boiler combustion device-mechanical grate coal furnace chimney arch shape, be applicable to 1-20 ton/time comprise chain, back and forth, the grate firing boiler of fire grate.

Grate firing boiler is generally on the low side at China's operating thermal efficiency, and existing grate firing boiler furnace arch structure is unreasonable, is to cause one of bad gene of combustion conditions.

The shaped design of the grate firing boiler chimney arch that China is existing is standardization not, and the chimney arch characterisitic parameter of being recommended exists and is difficult to realize, designs multiple weakness such as not meeting practical coal on the technology.High though general face arch is short, rear arch is low but too shortly cause the furnace water cooling degree big, when the burning coal index was lower than design, often with regard to difficulty on fire, even cutoff, fire box temperature did not reach requirement; When having used coal, often burn out the coal flashboard, cause that flue gas fills the air in the boiler room.From economizing on coal and environmental protection two aspects, old-fashioned chimney arch must update.

In recent years, domestic several improved arch forms have appearred.The special-shaped arch brick of packaged boiler is applicable to the 2-4t/h packaged boiler, and behind its combination forming, the intensity of arch brick, refractoriness are all good, and service life is long, but because of not optimization of designs such as aditus laryngis size, boiler output, the raising of efficient is limited.In zonal boiler technology reform, for negating existing face arch " short high ", the low and long tendency of arch before and after having occurred.The operation actual condition proves, though the excessive arch form of cover ratio is when using the high coal of ash fusion point, can receive the effect of overheavy firing, but generally speaking, in using, during low-grade coal, often cause the combustion layer to go up a coking, influence is ventilated, be unfavorable for reducing ash content carbon, combustion conditions worsens when serious, burns out fire grate.So arch form is excessive too small to the cover ratio of fire grate, promptly aditus laryngis is undersized excessive, does not all reach the purpose of boiler economic operation.

The present invention is directed to above-mentioned long-standing abuse, proposed to optimize the complete new design of arch form of a cover that aditus laryngis is of a size of core.Purpose is to solve to use the common in the market coal near two class bituminous coal, makes boiler reach economical operation, raises the efficiency, and exerts oneself, and reaches energy-conservation, environmental protection relevant requirements technical indicator.Under two preconditions that the present invention comprised (operation rationally, air feed is suitable moderate, representative in coal), implement the present invention and can make 1-20 ton/time grate firing boiler of present operation reach economical operating condition; The present invention carries out the chimney arch transformation to the operation boiler and the design update of grate firing boiler chimney arch is regenerated, and clearly practical value is all arranged.

The present invention is achieved in that

Face arch 1 and rear arch with mechanical grate coal furnace Length suitably increase than existing arch form, improve furnace load, keep normal furnace temperature, strengthen the burning on the fire grate, make flammable volatile combustion more abundant, favourablely reach environmental requirement, roasting slag is more abundant, favourable reduction ash content carbon; Suitably force down the height h of face arch simultaneously than existing arch form ₁, increase effective RADIATION ANGLE COEFFICIENT, and consideration cooperates pitch of arch h before keeping with rear arch 5 to new coal ₁Height h a little more than rear arch ₂Make rear arch 5 and primary zone radiant heat flux be easy to enter face arch 1, impel flue gas to form eddy flow and more fully mix, make the fully burning in burner hearth of flammable volatile matter, new coal ignites in time.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, with the present invention at DZL ₄Application in the chain grate boiler is further described in detail as an example.Among the figure, 1 face arch, 2 traveling-grate stokers, 3 coal bunkers, 4 eagle iron, 5 rear arches, 6 water screen tubes, 7 drums.

Accompanying drawing is a packaged boiler combustion system longitudinal profile schematic diagram.

Grate firing boiler chimney arch shape " 322 " system, its connotation is the long a of face arch ₁The preceding pitch of arch

h ₁With the ratio of the long b of larynx be 0.32: 0.22: so 0.22 cry " 322 " system.Evaporation capacity D≤20 ton/time, be middle matter coal with two class bituminous coal)

Sequence number	Symbol	Standard	Remarks
				1	a ₁	（0.32±0.02)L	The excellent fractional cold of ature of coal takes off limit for a short time
2	h ₁	(0.22±0.02)L	The little capping of the excellent fractional cold of ature of coal
				3	b	(0.22±0.02)L	The little capping of the excellent fractional cold of ature of coal

In last table and the accompanying drawing, relevant symbolic significance is defined as:

a ₁, a ₂Be the projected length of forward and backward arch on the fire grate effective length, promptly arch is long;

h ₁, h ₂Be the distance of forward and backward arch peak to fire grate, i.e. sagitta;

B is the projected length of distance on fire grate between face arch and the rear arch, and promptly aditus laryngis is long;

L is that the coal flashboard is to the distance between the traveling-grate stoker eagle iron, i.e. fire grate effective length.

From last table as seen, the long a of face arch ₁, preceding pitch of arch h ₁With the ratio of the long b of aditus laryngis be 0.32: 0.22: 0.22, so design of the present invention is made " 322 ".

Feature of the present invention is:

Clearly fire grate effective length L is decided to be the living parameter a that wants of arch form characteristic ₁, h ₁, b the benchmark parameter.Solved at one stroke the quantitative relationship of chimney arch shape and type of furnace size.

Provided the structure length relational expression of aditus laryngis b first, after b is determined by L, all main form parameter of arch before and after can deriving.Aditus laryngis size of the present invention, the inventor experiment showed, by 50 boiler improvements and really belongs to optimal design.

Proposed two practical preconditions of chimney arch shaped design, widened the accommodation of mechanical grate coal furnace coal, emphasized on China boiler plant is made more backward, under the lower present situation of operation automaticity, the importance of operating technology.

Optimizing design scheme is given an example:

Work as KZL ₄The L=3550mm of boiler, when using calorific value and be 4000 kilocalories/kilogram bituminous coal, b=0.2 L=700mm h then ₁=b=700mm, a ₁=0.32 L=1150mm, a ₂=1700mm, h ₂=h ₁ 200=500mm; And the b=0.59L(mean value of existing same model boiler).

Be optimized the design improvement example by the present invention:

Boiler model: KZL _4-13(Benxi Boiler Plant's manufacturing)

Subscriber Unit: 11 factories of Fushun Mine Administration

Time: in October, 1988

The thermal testing time: on February 24th, 1989

Thermal testing unit: Fushun City's power-saving technology service centre

The environmental protection test time: on February 24th, 1989 (same working condition measurement)

Environmental protection test unit: environment protection and monitoring station, Fushun City

KZL _4-13Two same model boilers use coal thermal technology of the same race, environmental protection test contrast table as a result.

Sequence number

The test event title

Symbol

Unit

Do not transform parameter (A)

Transform back parameter (B)

Contrast (B-A)

1 2 3 4 5 6

The thermal efficiency exhaust gas temperature ash content carbon dust exhausting concentration oke exhaust blackness of exerting oneself

η D Tpy Chz

% T/H ℃ % mg/NM ⁹The graceful level of material lattice

66.21 2.6 189 29.66 525 2

75.34 3.16 164 10.01 254.2 1

+9.13 +0.56 -25 -19.65 -270.8 -1

Examine as calculated, 268.4 tons/platform of Spring Festival holidays raw coal is amounted to RMB more than 30,000 yuan, and investment for trnasforming urban land can be regained from the benefit of economizing on coal half a year.

The inventor transforms 50 in boiler with prioritization scheme of the present invention, has reached 1,500,000 yuan by the aforementioned calculation benefit of economizing on coal.If the present invention be given to boiler for producing producer economize on coal benefit can be more considerable.Consume 2,500,000 tons of standard coals Shenyang City's Industrial Boiler year, by coal saving rate of the present invention (△ E=14%, △ η=10%, η ₂=70%) calculate, the whole city is if all implement the present invention, and then year is saved 350,000 tons of standard coals, 5,000 ten thousand yuan of folding RMB; Whole nation Industrial Boiler year is consumed 1.62 hundred million tons of standard coals, and year is then saved 2,500,000,000 yuan of 0.162 hundred million ton of folding RMB of standard coal (pressing △ E=10% calculates) if all implement the present invention in the whole nation.

Claims

1, a kind of optimizing design scheme of mechanical grate coal furnace chimney arch shape, its major parameter have the long (a of face arch ₁) preceding sagitta (h ₁) before and after aditus laryngis long (b) between the arch it is characterized in that fire grate effective length L is decided to be the benchmark parameter of arch major parameter.

2, the design according to the described mechanical grate coal furnace chimney arch of claim 1 shape is characterized in that the long (a of face arch ₁) effectively grow the relation of (L) with fire grate:

a ₁＝（0.32±0.02）L

Preceding sagitta (h ₁) with the pass of aditus laryngis long (b) and fire grate effective length (L) be:

h ₁＝b＝（0.22±0.02）L。