CN105137291B - For improving the pulse optimization method and pulse generating circuit of cable fault localization precision - Google Patents
For improving the pulse optimization method and pulse generating circuit of cable fault localization precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN105137291B CN105137291B CN201510609207.3A CN201510609207A CN105137291B CN 105137291 B CN105137291 B CN 105137291B CN 201510609207 A CN201510609207 A CN 201510609207A CN 105137291 B CN105137291 B CN 105137291B
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- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pulse optimization method and its circuit for being used to improve cable fault localization precision, when carrying out cable fault localization using pulse temporal bounce technique, because the pulse for analysis is actually trouble point reflected impulse, it is not related with transmitting pulse, so a kind of circuit can be designed, produce a transmitting pulse voltage wave, it is connected respectively to the both ends of pulse transformer primary side, cable is normally injected in one of transmitting pulse, another offsets the transmitting pulse of injection cable before pulse transformer secondary AD is gathered, so AD collects in signal just the only reflected impulse of trouble point, without launching pulse, waveform is succinct, it is clear, it is easy to analyze；Do not influence transmitting pulse signal again simultaneously and normally inject failure cable.Signal input collection uses Isolated Pulse Transformer, can gather the pulse-echo signal on cable, and and can suppresses interference, and reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve cable fault localization essence during a kind of progress cable fault localization using pulse temporal bounce technique
The pulse optimization method and circuit of degree, belong to electric and electronic technical field.
Background technology
Cable power supply is applied widely so that its is safe and reliable, is advantageous to beautifying city and the advantages that industrial and mineral is laid out.
But as cable usage amount is increasing, cable fault is also being continuously increased, how rapidly and accurately to detect trouble point away from
From and positioning, find position of failure point, this requires testing staff to select the detecting instrument of function admirable first, and can correctly know
Other waveform.
Pulse temporal bounce technique is the important method of cable fault localization, suitable for the cable fault of low-resistance and broken string property
Ranging.Cable is as transmission line, and when breaking down, position of failure point can cause impedance mismatch.According to electromagnetic wave in transmission line
In communication theory, electromagnetic wave can produce reflection at impedance mismatch, Method of Cable Trouble Point can be measured using this principle
Distance.
Pulse temporal bounce technique ranging is exactly that the impulse generator of detecting instrument produces a pulse voltage wave, in measurement end
It is injected into by lead in cable fault phase, the pulse voltage wave can be propagated along cable run to distal end, when running into trouble point
When, due to impedance mismatch, back wave can be produced and return to measurement end.The detecting instrument of measurement end can be by transmitting pulse and reflection
Pulse recording is got off.The original position time difference according to pulse and reflected impulse is launched on waveform extrapolates fault distance.Broken string
Failure reflected impulse is identical with transmitting pulse polarity, and low resistance faults reflected impulse is identical with transmitting pulse polarity.As shown in Figure 1.
The cable fault localization instrument for being currently based on the design of pulse temporal bounce technique exists in waveform acquisition, display, analysis
Main deficiency be：There is certain width in the pulse voltage wave of the transmitting of detecting instrument, due to output impedance and the electricity of instrument
The wave impedance of cable is mismatched, and transmitting pulse is obtained in cable measurement end " smearing " to be present, when trouble point range measurement end
Close, trouble point reflected impulse will be overlapping with transmitting pulse, and the original position of reflected impulse can not be found on waveform, causes to show
The measurement blind area of work, as shown in Figure 2；In addition, instrument gathers, shows transmitting pulse and reflected impulse simultaneously, when trouble point distance
When measurement end is far, due to the attenuation effect of cable, trouble point reflected impulse amplitude can far smaller than launch pulse, in order to improve
Trouble point reflected impulse amplitude, generally require to improve instrumentation amplifier gain, so doing usually can cause instrument pulse signal to adopt
Collect amplifying circuit saturation, so-called " obstruction " phenomenon occur, cause signal acquisition distortion, be unfavorable for waveform analysis.
In order to eliminate influence of the transmitting pulse to measurement result, eliminate " smearing ", also there is patented technology to mention one kind
Impedance balance network, as shown in figure 3, being exactly in the element simulations such as instrument internal resistance, electric capacity, inductance, pulse transformer electricity
Cable impedance network characteristic, instrument internal impedance and cable resistance matching are realized, reach the purpose for eliminating transmitting pulsing effect, but this
Kind method can not solve above-mentioned pre-amplification circuit signal " obstruction " problem；Simultaneously as simulated impedance and cable actual impedance
It can not completely match, use substantial amounts of transformer element again, when cable is longer, inductance and electric capacity and the transformer T2 of cable
The more serious concussion of transmitting pulse shaping can be made, cause waveform mixed and disorderly, can not be differentiated.
In actually measuring, above-mentioned weak point can cause waveform analysis difficult, when being not easy to determine the starting of reflected impulse
Between, easily erroneous judgement, causes unnecessary economic loss.
The content of the invention
For the weak point of above-mentioned existing detecting instrument, explore and summarize the experience by substantial amounts of, the present invention proposes
A kind of pulse optimization method for being used to improve cable fault localization precision, the ranging on the one hand substantially reducing detecting instrument are blind
Area, concussion waveform will not be produced during measurement, while avoid " obstruction " phenomenon of pulse signal acquisition amplifying circuit.New method makes
Cable fault localization waveform is succinct, it is clear, be easy to analyze.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the described pulse optimization method for being used to improve cable fault localization precision
It is：When carrying out cable fault localization using pulse temporal bounce technique, a transmitting pulse voltage wave is produced, divides two-way to be connected to arteries and veins
The both ends of transformer primary side are rushed, wherein cable is normally injected in transmitting pulse all the way, another way is launched pulse and offset before AD is gathered
The transmitting pulse of cable is injected, makes in the signal that pulse transformer secondary AD collects the only reflected impulse of Method of Cable Trouble Point,
Without launching pulse.
The transmitting pulse amplitude at the pulse transformer primary side both ends is identical, polarity is identical.
The present invention have also been devised a kind of pulse generating circuit for being used to improve cable fault localization precision, and it includes：Transmitting
Pulse-separating circuit, cable interface circuit and pulse are symmetrically launched in pulse-generating circuit, single order passive high three-way filter, 2 tunnels
Transformer, launch the output connection single order passive high three-way filter of pulse-generating circuit, the output of single order passive high three-way filter
Symmetrically launch the both ends of pulse-separating circuit connection pulse transformer primary side by 2 tunnels respectively, wherein launching pulse point all the way
Cable interface circuit, the circuit of the secondary connection AD collections of pulse transformer are also connected with from circuit；The transmitting pulses generation electricity
Specific width pulse is launched pulse by road by driving the enhanced mosfet triodes of N-channel to export, then by the passive height of single order
Bandpass filter filters out the low frequency component in signal, then symmetrically launches original of the pulse-separating circuit in pulse transformer by 2 tunnels
Side 2 amplitudes of generation are identical, the transmitting pulse of polarity identical, inject event wherein launching pulse all the way and also passing through cable interface circuit
Hinder cable, the cable interface circuit is simultaneously for receiving Method of Cable Trouble Point reflected impulse signal, the output of pulse transformer secondary
Transmitting pulse be cancelled, the just only reflected impulse of Method of Cable Trouble Point in the signal of AD collections.
Specifically, the pulse transformer uses Isolated Pulse Transformer.
In the 2 tunnel transmitting pulse-separating circuit, the first transmitting pulse-separating circuit includes：Diode D1 negative electrodes connect single order
The output of passive high three-way filter, diode D1 anodes connect TVS pipe TVS1 one end, resistance R5 one end, electric capacity C2 respectively
One end, the electric capacity C2 other ends connect resistance R6 one end and one end of pulse transformer T1 primary side windings, TVS pipe TVS1 respectively
The other end, the resistance R5 other ends, resistance R6 other ends ground connection；Second transmitting pulse-separating circuit includes：Diode D2 negative electrodes connect
The output of single order passive high three-way filter, diode D2 anodes connect TVS pipe TVS2 one end, resistance R7 one end, electricity respectively
The one end and cable interface circuit, the electric capacity C3 other ends for holding C3 connect resistance R8 one end and pulse transformer T1 primary sides respectively
The other end of winding, the TVS pipe TVS2 other ends, the resistance R7 other ends, resistance R8 other ends ground connection.
It is an advantage of the invention that：This method symmetrically launches pulse-separating circuit using 2 tunnels while produces two identicals
Launch pulse, using pulse transformer T1 characteristics, cancelled out each other in T1 primary side, there was only cable in the signal that such AD is collected
Trouble point reflected impulse, without launching pulse, waveform is succinct, it is clear, be easy to analyze；Do not influence to launch pulse signal again simultaneously
Normal injection failure cable.Signal input collection uses Isolated Pulse Transformer, can gather the pulse-echo signal on cable,
And can suppresses interference, and reliability is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is pulse temporal shooting method ranging waveform.
Fig. 2 is transmitting pulse stretching, overlapping with reflected impulse, can not differentiate the schematic diagram of reflected impulse.
Fig. 3 is a kind of impedance balance network that prior art uses.
Fig. 4 is the pulse generating circuit schematic diagram that the present invention uses.
Fig. 5 is the Module Division figure of pulse generating circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the collection oscillogram for implementing the method for the invention.Wherein Fig. 6（a）It is that trouble point range measurement end is close
When fault localization waveform, Fig. 6（b）It is fault localization waveform when trouble point range measurement end is far.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
When carrying out cable fault localization using pulse temporal bounce technique, because the pulse for analysis is actually failure
Point reflection pulse, it is not related with transmitting pulse, it is possible to a kind of circuit is designed, produces a transmitting pulse voltage wave, point
Two-way is connected to the both ends of pulse transformer primary side, wherein cable is normally injected in transmitting pulse all the way, another way is in pulse transforming
The transmitting pulse of injection cable is offset before device secondary AD collections, such AD collects in signal just the only reflection arteries and veins of trouble point
Punching, without launching pulse.
The pulse generating circuit of the present invention is symmetrical including transmitting pulse-generating circuit 1, single order passive high three-way filter 2,2 tunnels
Transmitting pulse-separating circuit 3,4, cable interface circuit 5 and pulse transformer T1, as shown in figure 5, transmitting pulse-generating circuit 1
Output connection single order passive high three-way filter 2, the output of single order passive high three-way filter 2 passes through the first transmitting pulse point respectively
From the both ends that circuit 3 and second launches the connection pulse transformer T1 primary sides of pulse-separating circuit 4, wherein the second transmitting pulse separation
Circuit 4 is also connected with cable interface circuit 5, the circuit of pulse transformer T1 secondary connection AD collections.
In circuit as shown in Figure 4, the enhanced mosfet triodes VT1 of N-channel, resistance R1, R2, electrochemical capacitor CD1, two
Pole pipe D3, resistance R3 form transmitting pulse-generating circuit, by specific width pulse by driving triode VT1 output transmitting arteries and veins
Punching, increases exomonental energy, i.e., by exomonental amplitude from VDD（5V）It is amplified to V（Tens volts）, so as to ensure cable
Fault localization scope can be from several meters to dozens of kilometres.Wherein, the enhanced mosfet triodes VT1 grids connection of N-channel is initial
Transmitting pulse, while supply voltage VDD is connect by resistance R1, VT1 drain electrode connection electrochemical capacitor CD1 positive poles, and through resistance
R2 meets the voltage V higher than VDD, and electrochemical capacitor CD1 negative poles connect diode D3 anodes and by resistance R3 ground connection, while are connected to one
Rank passive high three-way filter, diode D3 negative electrodes connection voltage V, VT1 source ground.
The single order passive high three-way filter that electric capacity C1 and resistance R4 are formed, the low frequency component in suppression circuit.
Diode D1, TVS pipe TVS1, resistance R5, R6, electric capacity C2 and diode D2, TVS pipe TVS2, resistance R7, R8, electricity
Hold C3 and form the full symmetric transmitting pulse-separating circuit in 2 roads, the primary side made in pulse transformer T1 produce 2 amplitudes it is identical,
Polarity identical launches pulse, and using transformer characteristic, the transmitting pulse of T1 secondary output is cancelled, in the signal of AD collections just
The only reflected impulse of Method of Cable Trouble Point.Wherein, the first transmitting pulse-separating circuit includes：Diode D1 negative electrodes connect single order without
The output of source high-pass filter, diode D1 anodes connect TVS pipe TVS1 one end, resistance R5 one end, electric capacity C2 respectively
One end, the electric capacity C2 other ends connect resistance R6 one end and one end of pulse transformer T1 primary side windings respectively, and TVS pipe TVS1 is another
One end, the resistance R5 other ends, resistance R6 other ends ground connection；Second transmitting pulse-separating circuit includes：Diode D2 negative electrodes connect one
The output of rank passive high three-way filter, diode D2 anodes connect TVS pipe TVS2 one end, resistance R7 one end, electric capacity respectively
C3 one end and cable interface circuit, the electric capacity C3 other ends connect respectively resistance R8 one end and pulse transformer T1 primary sides around
The other end of group, the TVS pipe TVS2 other ends, the resistance R7 other ends, resistance R8 other ends ground connection.
Electric capacity C4, piezo-resistance RV1, BNC accessory power outlet W1 form the interface circuit of detecting instrument and cable, pass through the electricity
Road, transmitting pulse can inject failure cable；Simultaneously for receiving Method of Cable Trouble Point reflected impulse signal.Second transmitting pulse point
From one end of the diode D2 anodes connection electric capacity C4 in circuit, the electric capacity C4 other ends are grounded by piezo-resistance RV1, and are passed through
BNC accessory power outlet W1 core connecting cable measurement ends, BNC accessory power outlets W1 bonding.
Using the cable fault localization waveform of the present invention as shown in figure 5, from waveform, transmitting arteries and veins can't see completely
Waveform is rushed, waveform " hangover response " is eliminated, does not also have waveform reforming phenomena, substantially reduce measurement blind area；Detect length simultaneously
During cable, in order to see clearer reflection configuration, gain can be adjusted to greatest extent, will not be occurred because transmitting pulse is deposited
And caused by AD collection amplifying circuit " obstruction " phenomenon.Waveform is succinct, it is clear, be easy to analyze.
Claims (3)
1. the pulse generating circuit for improving cable fault localization precision, it is characterized in that：Including transmitting pulse-generating circuit, one
Rank passive high three-way filter, 2 tunnels symmetrically launch pulse-separating circuit, cable interface circuit and pulse transformer, launch pulse
The output connection single order passive high three-way filter of generation circuit, the output of single order passive high three-way filter are symmetrical by 2 tunnels respectively
Transmitting pulse-separating circuit connection pulse transformer primary side both ends, wherein all the way transmitting pulse-separating circuit be also connected with cable
Interface circuit, the circuit of the secondary connection AD collections of pulse transformer；The pulse-generating circuit of launching is by specific width pulse
By driving the enhanced mosfet triodes output transmitting pulse of N-channel, signal is then filtered out by single order passive high three-way filter
In low frequency component, then by 2 tunnels symmetrically launch pulse-separating circuit pulse transformer primary side produce 2 amplitude phases
Same, polarity identical transmitting pulse, inject failure cable, the cable wherein launching pulse all the way and also passing through cable interface circuit
Interface circuit simultaneously for receiving Method of Cable Trouble Point reflected impulse signal, the transmitting pulse of pulse transformer secondary output by
Disappear, the just only reflected impulse of Method of Cable Trouble Point in the signal of AD collections.
2. it is used for the pulse generating circuit for improving cable fault localization precision as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The pulse
Transformer uses Isolated Pulse Transformer.
3. it is used for the pulse generating circuit for improving cable fault localization precision as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：2 tunnel
Launch in pulse-separating circuit, the first transmitting pulse-separating circuit includes：Diode D1 negative electrodes connect single order passive high three-way filter
Output, diode D1 anodes connect TVS pipe TVS1 one end, resistance R5 one end, electric capacity C2 one end respectively, and electric capacity C2 is another
One end connects resistance R6 one end and one end of pulse transformer T1 primary side windings respectively, and the TVS pipe TVS1 other ends, resistance R5 are another
One end, resistance R6 other ends ground connection；Second transmitting pulse-separating circuit includes：Diode D2 negative electrodes connect the passive high-pass filtering of single order
The output of device, diode D2 anodes connect TVS pipe TVS2 one end, resistance R7 one end, electric capacity C3 one end and electricity respectively
Cable interface circuit, the electric capacity C3 other ends connect resistance R8 one end and the other end of pulse transformer T1 primary side windings, TVS respectively
The pipe TVS2 other ends, the resistance R7 other ends, resistance R8 other ends ground connection.
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Families Citing this family (2)
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| CN105974269A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-09-28 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Locating device for cable fault of umbilical cable and use method thereof |
| CN109932614A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of cable fault investigation method and device |
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