CN105136799A - Metallographic observation apparatus - Google Patents
Metallographic observation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136799A CN105136799A CN201510526902.3A CN201510526902A CN105136799A CN 105136799 A CN105136799 A CN 105136799A CN 201510526902 A CN201510526902 A CN 201510526902A CN 105136799 A CN105136799 A CN 105136799A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a metallographic observation apparatus comprising a sealed case which includes a case body and a case lid in sealed connection with the case body at one side; an accommodation space, formed in the case body and having an opening near one side of the case lid, with an objective table horizontally arranged in the accommodation space and fixedly connected with the case lid; a temperature regulation system connected with the objective table; and a transparent observation structure on the top of the case body for observing the accommodation space. The metallographic observation apparatus can provide a stable low-temperature environment for observation and research of metallographic tissue characteristics of measured materials in the low temperature environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallographic examination experimental technique, particularly relate to a kind of metallographic observation device.
Background technology
Metallographic is the inner structure of metal or alloy, i.e. physical state in alloy inside of the chemical composition of metal or alloy and various composition and chemical state.The heterogeneous microstructure of ferrous materials is the bridge of linking up material, technique and performance, and between it and material, technique, performance, the research of relation runs through the route that ferrous materials researches and develops.Metallographic examination is one of important means of metal material experimental study, is the most widespread use of material science and engineering field, the easy effective research method of inspection.Important physical kind of inspection in metal lographic examination Ze Shi various countries and ISO international material test stone.
Metallographic structure only has and just can observe under the microscope, and the most conventional be optical microscope.In order to research material is in the metallographic structure characteristic in low temperature environment (-190 DEG C to room temperature), variation characteristic when using optical microscope inspection metallographic structure to reduce with temperature, measured material needs to be in a stable low temperature environment, and this stable low temperature environment needs specific device to provide.
Thus, the present inventor relies on experience and the practice of being engaged in relevant industries for many years, proposes a kind of metallographic observation device, to realize the metallographic structure characteristic observation of measured material in low temperature environment and to study.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of metallographic observation device, stable low temperature environment can be provided for measured material, realize the metallographic structure characteristic observation of measured material in low temperature environment and study.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of metallographic observation device, described metallographic observation device comprises a seal casinghousing, described housing comprises body and is sealedly attached to the cap of described body side, described body inside is formed with the spatial accommodation near cap one side opening, in described spatial accommodation, level is provided with the objective table be fixedly connected with described cap, described objective table is connected with a temperature regulation system; Described body top is provided with the transparent observation structure observing described spatial accommodation.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described temperature regulation system comprises a refrigeration system, a heating and a temperature regulating device.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described refrigeration system comprises one for reducing the liquid nitrogen container of described objective table temperature, described objective table connects a heat interchanger and described liquid nitrogen container respectively, described heat interchanger is sealedly connected with a vacuum air pump, and described vacuum air pump is communicated in the described spatial accommodation of described housing; Described heating comprises the electrothermal tube being fixedly installed on described carrier interior, and described electrothermal tube is electrically connected on described temperature regulating device; Described temperature regulating device at least comprises a temperature controller and is electrically connected with described temperature controller and is fixedly installed on the temperature element of described carrier interior.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described temperature regulating device also comprises a voltage regulating module, and described voltage regulating module one end is serially connected with between described electrothermal tube and a power supply, and the other end of described voltage regulating module is connected to described temperature controller.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described body is provided with nitrogen admission passage and gas outlet channels, described nitrogen admission passage and described gas outlet channels is through is connected to described spatial accommodation, described nitrogen admission passage porch is provided with the first retaining valve, described gas outlet channels exit is provided with the second retaining valve, and the inlet end of described first retaining valve is connected with one first exit seal on described vacuum pump.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described vacuum pump is also provided with the second outlet, described second outlet is connected with a jet pipe, described nozzle exit tilt to correspond to described transparent observation structure above.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described objective table connects described liquid nitrogen container and described heat interchanger respectively by liquid nitrogen copper pipe.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described objective table comprises loading boss and an objective table base at top, and the end face of described loading boss is plane, is provided with connecting cylinder between described loading boss and described objective table base; Described objective table base side is provided with two in horizontally disposed first electrothermal tube mounting hole, two described first electrothermal tube mounting holes are symmetrical arranged, each described first electrothermal tube mounting hole is inner against being provided with electrothermal tube described in, the opposite side of described objective table base is provided with one in horizontally disposed first temp-controlling element mounting hole, and described first temp-controlling element mounting hole is inner against being provided with described temp-controlling element; On described connecting cylinder, contact is wound with described liquid nitrogen copper pipe.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described objective table lower inside is formed with described refrigeration chamber, described refrigeration chamber side is communicated with liquid nitrogen entrance well, described refrigeration chamber opposite side is communicated with liquid nitrogen outlet recesses, and described objective table is serially connected with on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe by described liquid nitrogen entrance well and the sealing of described liquid nitrogen outlet recesses; Described objective table top, be positioned at and be provided with two above described refrigeration chamber in horizontally disposed second electrothermal tube mounting hole, two described second electrothermal tube mounting holes are symmetrical arranged, each described second electrothermal tube mounting hole is inner against being provided with electrothermal tube described in, described objective table top, be positioned at and be also provided with one above described refrigeration chamber in horizontally disposed second temp-controlling element mounting hole, described second temp-controlling element mounting hole is inner against being provided with described temp-controlling element.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described cap is provided with two and can seals the first through hole fixedly wearing described liquid nitrogen copper pipe, described cap is also provided with second through hole that can seal and wear the fast plug of an electrical connection.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in each described first through hole, be provided with the O-ring seal be sheathed on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe, in each described first through hole, be positioned at described O-ring seal outer side seal and be connected with the lock-screw be sheathed on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described transparent observation structure comprises an observation end cap, described observation end cap is fixedly connected on described body top, described observation end cap is provided with the first observation port, a stage portion is provided with in described first observation port, against there being a clear glass in described stage portion, in described first observation port, being positioned at above described clear glass and being fixedly connected with the tightening cover that can compress described clear glass, described tightening cover being provided with the second observation port.
From the above mentioned, metallographic observation device of the present invention, to be stablized measured material by objective table and is positioned in the spatial accommodation of closed shell, combined, for measured material provides stable low temperature environment by refrigeration system, heating and temperature regulating device; The observation end cap of case top is provided with clear glass, is convenient to the metallographic structure characteristic of the measured material clearly observing enclosure interior at any time; Utilize nitrogen to fill spatial accommodation and the clear glass observed on end cap is purged, preventing tested sample surface and the frosting of transparent glass surface condensation, be convenient to test observation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The following drawings is only intended to schematically illustrate the present invention and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1: be metallographic observation device principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2: be metallographic observation device working state schematic representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3: be the shell structure side view of metallographic observation device of the present invention.
Fig. 4: be the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5: be the shell cover structure cut-open view of metallographic observation device of the present invention.
Fig. 6: be a kind of version schematic diagram of the objective table of metallographic observation device of the present invention.
Fig. 7: be the another kind of version schematic diagram of the objective table of metallographic observation device of the present invention.
Fig. 8: be the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9: be the schematic diagram of the transparent observation structure of metallographic observation device of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, the invention provides a kind of metallographic observation device 100, comprise a seal casinghousing 1, housing 1 comprises body 11 and is sealedly attached to the cap 12 of body 11 side, body 11 inside is formed with the spatial accommodation 111 near cap 12 1 side opening, in spatial accommodation 111, level is provided with objective table 2, and objective table 2 does not contact with spatial accommodation 111 inwall, and objective table 2 is by being fixedly connected with cap 12 location realized in spatial accommodation 111 inside; Objective table 2 is connected with a temperature regulation system 3, the upper horizontal of objective table 2 is placed with tested sample 8, and (measured material is metal or alloy; Because tested sample 8 is by realizing heat trnasfer with objective table surface of contact, this just must cause thickness (T) direction along tested sample to produce thermograde, temperature with objective table 2 is produced difference by the temperature away from surface of contact direction, and the surface of the tested sample 8 that metallographic structure is observed is the outside surfaces away from surface of contact, in order to address this problem, need to control this temperature gap by reducing sample thickness (T).Tested sample thickness≤1mm is shown through demonstration test, tested sample is observed the temperature gap < 1 DEG C of surface and objective table, it is influenced little that institute is observed in metallographic structure, so when applying metallographic observation device 100 of the present invention, the ideal thickness of tested sample answers≤1mm.When thickness as tested sample 8 is greater than 1mm, need to carry out overtemperature compensation to set temperature value, overtemperature offset is determined according to test experience, do not repeat them here), the material of objective table 2 is fine copper or fine silver material that heat conductivility is good, and the appointment test temperature that temperature regulation system 3 can be regulated and controled conducts to tested sample 8 fast; By the regulation and control of temperature regulation system 3, realize objective table 2 forms stable low temperature environment; Body top is provided with the transparent observation structure 4 of the metallographic structure observing the inner tested sample of spatial accommodation 111.
Further; as shown in Figure 1; temperature regulation system 3 comprises refrigeration system 31, heating 32 and a temperature regulating device 33; the refrigeration system 31 utilizing liquid nitrogen to carry out lowering the temperature can realize objective table 2 constant temperature and decline; in order to ensure that on objective table 2, tested sample 8 is in a design temperature point all the time; objective table 2 connects heating 32 simultaneously, under the monitoring adjustment of temperature regulating device 33, guarantee that environment temperature is constant.
The refrigeration system 31 of metallographic observation device 100 of the present invention utilizes the refrigeration principle of liquid nitrogen to design, and the temperature of liquid nitrogen is-196 DEG C, and in metallographic observation device 100 of the present invention, the environment temperature of tested sample 8 is minimum reaches-190 DEG C.As shown in Figure 1, refrigeration system 31 comprises one for reducing the liquid nitrogen container 311 of objective table 2 temperature, objective table 2 connects a heat interchanger 314 and described liquid nitrogen container 311 respectively, in the present embodiment, liquid nitrogen container 311 to be tightly connected liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 one end by connecting line 312, connecting line 312 is the flexible pipe of low temperature resistant teflon material, liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 connects objective table 2 and is communicated with for sealing with heat interchanger 314 (heat interchanger adopted in present embodiment is copper radiator) after its cooling, in the present embodiment, liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 contacts with objective table 2 and to arrange or conducting is connected to that objective table 2 inside arranges one to freeze chamber 24.Heat interchanger 314 is sealedly connected with a vacuum air pump 315, in present embodiment, vacuum air pump 315 is conventional (not being low temperature resistant liquid nitrogen pump) micro vacuum air pump, the selection of vacuum air pump 315 flow should be determined according to the tubing internal diameter of liquid nitrogen stream warp, to ensure that objective table 2 place has enough refrigeration sources to pass through; Liquid nitrogen fully gasifies by heat interchanger 314, and after making gasification, nitrogen temperature is elevated in the temperature range that normal miniature vacuum air pump can bear.Being combined of heat interchanger 314 and vacuum air pump 315, for liquid nitrogen flowing provides power source, avoids the high cost problem of liquid nitrogen pump simultaneously, vacuum air pump 315 is communicated in the spatial accommodation 111 of housing 1, as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, body 11 is provided with nitrogen admission passage 112 and gas outlet channels 113, nitrogen admission passage 112 and gas outlet channels 113 is through is connected to described spatial accommodation 111, nitrogen admission passage 112 porch is provided with the first retaining valve 1121, gas outlet channels 113 exit is provided with the second retaining valve 1131, first retaining valve 1121, second retaining valve 1131 is all tightly connected by screw thread and body 11, first 1121, retaining valve allows gas to enter, second 1131, retaining valve allows gas to discharge, as shown in Figure 2, the inlet end of the first retaining valve 1121 and vacuum pump 315 one first export 3151 and are tightly connected.Vacuum pump 315 is also provided with the second outlet 3152, second outlet 3152 and is connected with a jet pipe 3153, jet pipe 3153 outlet-inclined impeller vane corresponds to above transparent observation structure 4.A part of nitrogen is pumped into the spatial accommodation 111 of body 11 inside by vacuum air pump 315, the air of spatial accommodation 111 inside with moisture is discharged by gas outlet channels 113, complete the gas displacement in spatial accommodation 111, the inner dry nitrogen of spatial accommodation 111 effectively prevents the surperficial frosting of tested sample 8, avoids hindering metallographic structure observation; A part of nitrogen is pumped inclination and sprays to transparent observation structure 4 outside surface by vacuum air pump 315, effectively avoids the surperficial condensation frosting problem that transparent observation structure 4 outside surface causes because of the temperature difference and annular space moisture.
As shown in Figure 1, heating 32 comprises the electrothermal tube 321 being fixedly installed on objective table 2 inside, and in the present embodiment, electrothermal tube 321 is single-end electrothermal tube, and diameter is 3mm; Electrothermal tube 321 quantity is two, and two electrothermal tubes 321 are arranged symmetrically with, and make the temperature on objective table 2 surface more evenly reduce the impact of thermograde, electrothermal tube 321 is electrically connected on described temperature regulating device 33; Temperature regulating device 33 comprises a voltage regulating module 331, voltage regulating module 331 one end is serially connected with between described electrothermal tube 321 and a power supply 7, the other end of voltage regulating module 331 is connected to temperature controller 332, temperature controller 332 is electrically connected on a temperature element 334, it is inner that temperature element 334 is fixedly installed on described objective table 2, in the present embodiment, temperature element 334 is platinum resistance (PT100), and platinum resistance (PT100) diameter is 2.5mm.In the present embodiment, temperature controller 332 is by the Current Temperatures of temperature element 334 Real-Time Monitoring display objective table 2, adjust the output end voltage of voltage regulating module 331 according to current temperature value in real time, adjust between zero-sum 100% full power with the power realizing electrothermal tube 321.The selection of single-end electrothermal tube power can with reference to formula below:
The specific heat of copper is 0.092kcal/kg DEG C, and proportion is 8.7g/cm
3; The specific heat of silver is 0.057kcal/kg DEG C, and proportion is 10.5g/cm
3; Ascending temperature should be objective table from minimum temperature-190 DEG C to room temperature, in order to stricter selected parameter, room temperature is replaced with 100 DEG C, and namely going up temperature is 290 DEG C.What the heat time referred to requirement is heated to maximum temperature required time from minimum temperature.Efficiency (η) affects by insulation, heat insulation, temperature controller is arranged etc., is generally chosen for about 0.2 to 0.5 and is advisable.
Further, the objective table 2 of metallographic observation device 100 of the present invention has two kinds of versions.Wherein a kind of version of objective table 2 as shown in Figure 6, objective table 2 comprises loading boss 21 and an objective table base 22 at top, the end face of loading boss 21 is plane, for placing tested sample 8, for ensureing heat trnasfer good between objective table 2 and tested sample 8, the end face of loading boss 21 answers flat smooth.Connecting cylinder 23 is provided with between loading boss 21 and objective table base 22, liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 contact for freezing is wrapped in connecting cylinder 23, outside the liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 be wound around, fill tin metal sealing simultaneously, make the liquid nitrogen cold in liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 fully can pass to objective table 2 overall, to objective table 2 effective temperature-reducing; Objective table base 22 side is provided with two in horizontally disposed first electrothermal tube mounting hole 221, two the first electrothermal tube mounting holes 221 are symmetrical arranged, each first electrothermal tube mounting hole 221 inside is against being provided with electrothermal tube 321 described in, electrothermal tube 321 and the first electrothermal tube mounting hole 221 closely cooperate, to ensure that heat can be passed to objective table by electrothermal tube 321 fast; The opposite side of objective table base 22 is provided with one in horizontally disposed first temp-controlling element mounting hole 222, general first temp-controlling element mounting hole 222 is positioned at the centre position of this side, first temp-controlling element mounting hole 222 inside is against being provided with described temp-controlling element 334, temp-controlling element 334 and the first temp-controlling element mounting hole 222 closely cooperate, to ensure the accuracy of the objective table temperature measured.
The another kind of version of objective table 2 as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, objective table 2 lower inside is formed with described refrigeration chamber 24, refrigeration chamber 24 side is communicated with liquid nitrogen entrance well 241, refrigeration chamber 24 opposite side is communicated with liquid nitrogen outlet recesses 242, objective table 2 is serially connected with on liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 by liquid nitrogen entrance well 241 and liquid nitrogen outlet recesses 242 sealing, the liquid nitrogen stream of liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 inside, through refrigeration chamber 24, realizes the cooling of objective table 2; Objective table 2 top, be positioned at above refrigeration chamber 24 and be provided with two in horizontally disposed second electrothermal tube mounting hole 25, two the second electrothermal tube mounting holes 25 are symmetrical arranged, each second electrothermal tube mounting hole is inner against being provided with electrothermal tube 321 described in, electrothermal tube 321 and the second electrothermal tube mounting hole 25 closely cooperate, to ensure that heat can be passed to objective table by electrothermal tube 321 fast; Objective table 2 top, be positioned at above refrigeration chamber 24 and be also provided with one in horizontally disposed second temp-controlling element mounting hole 26, second temp-controlling element mounting hole 26 inside is against being provided with described temp-controlling element 334, temp-controlling element 334 and the second temp-controlling element mounting hole 26 closely cooperate, to ensure the accuracy of the objective table temperature measured.During test, tested sample 8 is positioned on the end face of objective table 2, and for ensureing heat trnasfer good between objective table 2 and tested sample 8, the end face of objective table 2 answers flat smooth.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Fig. 5, cap 12 is for sealing body 11 and being fixedly connected with objective table 2, cap 12 is provided with two and can seals the first through hole 121 fixedly wearing described liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313, liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 is connected from one of them first through hole 121 hermetically passing with objective table 2, after connecting, liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 endpiece passes from the sealing of another first through hole 121, liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 has certain rigidity, can the tested sample 8 of objective table 2 in stable support spatial accommodation 111 and top thereof, in the present embodiment, the O-ring seal 122 be sheathed on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 is provided with in each first through hole, in each first through hole, be positioned at O-ring seal 122 outer side seal and be connected with the lock-screw 123 be sheathed on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313, lock-screw 123 makes itself and the first through hole 121 inwall against O-ring seal 122, liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 outer wall sealing laminating.In order to realize the electrical connection of heating 32, cap 12 is also provided with second through hole 124 that can seal and wear the fast plug 333 of an electrical connection, fast plug 333 is five core plugs (prior aries), wherein three cores are for connecting temperature element 334 and temperature controller 332, and other two cores are respectively used to two electrothermal tubes 321 and are connected with voltage regulating module 331.
Further, as shown in Figure 9, the transparent observation structure 4 being installed on body 11 top comprises an observation end cap 41, observes end cap 41 and is fixedly connected with body 11 top, in the present embodiment, observes end cap 41 and is connected by thread seal with body 11; Observe end cap 41 and be provided with the first observation port 411, a stage portion 4111 is provided with in first observation port 411, against there being a clear glass 42 in stage portion 4111, in first observation port 411, be positioned at above clear glass 42 and be fixedly connected with a tightening cover 43, tightening cover 43 is by being pressed in stage portion 4111 with being threaded of the first observation port 411 by clear glass 42, tightening cover 43 is provided with the second observation port 431, staff utilizes optical microphotograph lens head 9 to be observed the metallographic structure of the tested sample 8 of housing 1 inside by the clear glass 42 below the second observation port 431.
Metallographic observation device 100 of the present invention before use, first objective table 2 is connected with cap 12, tested sample 8 is positioned over above objective table 2, objective table 2 pushes to after in spatial accommodation 111 and is tightly connected (adopting bolt or screw to be connected) with body 11 by cap 12, in refrigeration system 31, the first outlet 3151 of vacuum air pump 315 is connected with the first retaining valve 1121 be connected on body 11, jet pipe 3153 outlet-inclined impeller vane that second outlet 3152 of vacuum air pump 315 connects corresponds to above clear glass 42, complete the electrical connection of heating 32 simultaneously, connect rear unlatching metallographic observation device 100.After vacuum air pump 315 is opened, liquid nitrogen enters liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 under its decimate action, and liquid nitrogen copper pipe 313 and objective table 2 carry out exchange heat, and objective table 2 temperature is declined gradually.Temperature controller 332 adjusts the power of electrothermal tube 321 by adjustment voltage regulating module 331, the heat of electrothermal tube and the cold of liquid nitrogen cooling is made to reach balance at design temperature point place, and make objective table 2 be stabilized in design temperature, make the tested sample 8 on objective table 2 be in stable low temperature environment.Liquid nitrogen after exchange heat heats up gasification in heat interchanger 314, pumped by vacuum air pump 315, part nitrogen enters the spatial accommodation 111 of enclosure interior by the first retaining valve 1121, its inner air is replaced, avoid the surperficial frosting of tested sample 8, another part nitrogen discharged to clear glass 42 surface, avoids the solidifying frost condensation in its surface by jet pipe 3153.Now, metallographic observation device 100 is placed on the articles holding table below optical microphotograph lens head 9, uses optical microphotograph lens head 9 can be observed the metallographic structure of next design temperature point tested sample 8 of low temperature environment clearly by clear glass 42.
From the above mentioned, metallographic observation device of the present invention, to be stablized measured material by objective table and is positioned in the spatial accommodation of closed shell, combined, for measured material provides stable low temperature environment by refrigeration system, heating and temperature regulating device; The observation end cap of case top is provided with clear glass, is convenient to the metallographic structure characteristic of the measured material clearly observing enclosure interior at any time; Utilize nitrogen to fill spatial accommodation and the clear glass observed on end cap is purged, preventing tested sample surface and the frosting of transparent glass surface condensation, be convenient to test observation.
The foregoing is only the schematic embodiment of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations done under the prerequisite not departing from design of the present invention and principle and amendment, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. a metallographic observation device, it is characterized in that: described metallographic observation device comprises a seal casinghousing, described housing comprises body and is sealedly attached to the cap of described body side, described body inside is formed with the spatial accommodation near cap one side opening, in described spatial accommodation, level is provided with the objective table be fixedly connected with described cap, described objective table is connected with a temperature regulation system; Described body top is provided with the transparent observation structure observing described spatial accommodation.
2. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described temperature regulation system comprises a refrigeration system, a heating and a temperature regulating device.
3. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described refrigeration system comprises one for reducing the liquid nitrogen container of described objective table temperature, described objective table connects a heat interchanger and described liquid nitrogen container respectively, described heat interchanger is sealedly connected with a vacuum air pump, and described vacuum air pump is communicated in the described spatial accommodation of described housing; Described heating comprises the electrothermal tube being fixedly installed on described carrier interior, and described electrothermal tube is electrically connected on described temperature regulating device; Described temperature regulating device at least comprises a temperature controller and is electrically connected with described temperature controller and is fixedly installed on the temperature element of described carrier interior.
4. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described temperature regulating device also comprises a voltage regulating module, described voltage regulating module one end is serially connected with between described electrothermal tube and a power supply, and the other end of described voltage regulating module is connected to described temperature controller.
5. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described body is provided with nitrogen admission passage and gas outlet channels, described nitrogen admission passage and described gas outlet channels is through is connected to described spatial accommodation, described nitrogen admission passage porch is provided with the first retaining valve, described gas outlet channels exit is provided with the second retaining valve, and the inlet end of described first retaining valve is connected with one first exit seal on described vacuum pump.
6. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described vacuum pump is also provided with the second outlet, and described second outlet is connected with a jet pipe, described nozzle exit tilt to correspond to described transparent observation structure above.
7. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described objective table connects described liquid nitrogen container and described heat interchanger respectively by liquid nitrogen copper pipe.
8. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: described objective table comprises loading boss and an objective table base at top, and the end face of described loading boss is plane, is provided with connecting cylinder between described loading boss and described objective table base; Described objective table base side is provided with two in horizontally disposed first electrothermal tube mounting hole, two described first electrothermal tube mounting holes are symmetrical arranged, each described first electrothermal tube mounting hole is inner against being provided with electrothermal tube described in, the opposite side of described objective table base is provided with one in horizontally disposed first temp-controlling element mounting hole, and described first temp-controlling element mounting hole is inner against being provided with described temp-controlling element; On described connecting cylinder, contact is wound with described liquid nitrogen copper pipe.
9. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described objective table lower inside is formed with described refrigeration chamber, described refrigeration chamber side is communicated with liquid nitrogen entrance well, described refrigeration chamber opposite side is communicated with liquid nitrogen outlet recesses, and described objective table is serially connected with on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe by described liquid nitrogen entrance well and the sealing of described liquid nitrogen outlet recesses; Described objective table top, be positioned at and be provided with two above described refrigeration chamber in horizontally disposed second electrothermal tube mounting hole, two described second electrothermal tube mounting holes are symmetrical arranged, each described second electrothermal tube mounting hole is inner against being provided with electrothermal tube described in, described objective table top, be positioned at and be also provided with one above described refrigeration chamber in horizontally disposed second temp-controlling element mounting hole, described second temp-controlling element mounting hole is inner against being provided with described temp-controlling element.
10. metallographic observation device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described cap is provided with two and can seals the first through hole fixedly wearing described liquid nitrogen copper pipe, described cap is also provided with second through hole that can seal and wear the fast plug of an electrical connection.
11. metallographic observation devices as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: in each described first through hole, be provided with the O-ring seal be sheathed on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe, in each described first through hole, be positioned at described O-ring seal outer side seal and be connected with the lock-screw be sheathed on described liquid nitrogen copper pipe.
12. metallographic observation devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transparent observation structure comprises an observation end cap, described observation end cap is fixedly connected on described body top, described observation end cap is provided with the first observation port, a stage portion is provided with in described first observation port, against there being a clear glass in described stage portion, in described first observation port, be positioned at above described clear glass and be fixedly connected with the tightening cover that can compress described clear glass, described tightening cover is provided with the second observation port.
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| CN109596273B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 苏州迈拓金属检测服务有限公司 | Method for accurately positioning leakage point of heat exchanger |
| CN112684827A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江大学 | Constant-temperature frosting cold noodle device based on PID control and constant-temperature control method thereof |
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