CN105132674B - The method for preparing ferrochrome - Google Patents
The method for preparing ferrochrome Download PDFInfo
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- CN105132674B CN105132674B CN201510560029.XA CN201510560029A CN105132674B CN 105132674 B CN105132674 B CN 105132674B CN 201510560029 A CN201510560029 A CN 201510560029A CN 105132674 B CN105132674 B CN 105132674B
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- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-n-(methoxymethyl)acetamide;2,6-dinitro-n,n-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl.CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 28
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical group O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 3
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method preparing ferrochrome, the method includes：(1) by chromite powder, reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder to mix, to obtain mixed material；(2) water is added to carry out pelletizing into the mixed material, to obtain mixing pelletizing；(3) the mixing pelletizing is dried, to obtain dry pelletizing；(4) the dry pelletizing is subjected to reduction treatment in reduction roaster, to obtain metallized pellet；(5) metallized pellet is subjected to cooling treatment in hermetically sealed can, to obtain cooling pelletizing；And the cooling pelletizing is carried out broken and magnetic separation by (6), to obtain ferrochrome and tailing.This method can efficiently use chromite powder resource, and production cost is low, simple for process, and chromium has higher grade in gained ferrochrome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of methods preparing ferrochrome.
Background technology
Ferrochrome can be made to make steel a variety of special steels of additive production, such as stainless steel, spring steel, tool steel, these are special
Kind steel and special alloy are widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, shipbuilding and national defense industry field.Meanwhile crome metal
National strategy metal is also belonged to, is mainly used for smelting special alloy with elements such as cobalt, nickel, tungsten.However, China's chromium ore resource is poor
Weary, reserves only accounts for the 0.15% of world saving, and 95% chromite relies on import, while chromite powder in existing production technology
Mine is also unable to get and effectively utilizes, therefore develops one rationally particularly heavy using the technique of chromite smelting chromium irons
It wants.
The production technology of traditional ferrochrome is to be sent into electric reduction furnace with addition of coke using high-quality lump ore chromite, 1600
DEG C or more at a high temperature of obtain ferrochrome.Since the addition of chromite powder can make the gas permeability of furnace charge be deteriorated, cause to produce
Not direct motion and technical indicator degenerates, therefore cheap chromite powder can not or be rarely employed in the method, production cost is higher.
In addition, there is also high energy consumption, the problems of pollution weight for the technique.It can utilize fine ore in order to reach but also reduce the dual of energy consumption
Effect, people have carried out a large amount of R＆D works around ferrochrome smelting.Wherein, rotary kiln reduction roasting method-mineral hot furnace method is exactly one
Kind representative processes are comparatively ripe.Its technological process：Fine ore is caused into pelletizing first, the pelletizing after drying is directly entered
In rotary kiln, while a certain amount of coal particle is incorporated as reducing agent.Coal dust or gas-fired, general control are sprayed into discharge end
Prereduction is carried out to metallic iron and chromium in 1100~1250 DEG C of temperature ranges.The pelletizing of reduction is then sent through in mineral hot furnace, in turn
Obtain ferrochrome product.Opposite traditional handicraft, rotary kiln are not only rationally utilized chromite powder resource, also realize a degree of
Energy-saving effect, but the technique needs to solve there are still problems with：Very high to ingredient requirement, pelletizing must have higher strong
Degree, otherwise can occur ring formation phenomenon, cause production not direct motion；Reduction coal used requires ash fusion point to be higher than reduction temperature, otherwise
Also ring formation can occur；Pelletizing degree of metalization is not high, and easily crushes；Separate unit treating capacity is limited, and production capacity is relatively low.For asking above
Topic has carried out the research of rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction chromite technique both at home and abroad.
Application No. is a kind of utilization chromite powders of 200610031068.1 patent offer and coal directly to produce ferrochrome
Method, including：Carbonaceous pelletizing is made in chromite powder and coal dust etc., is distributed into rotary hearth furnace under 1300~1500 DEG C of high temperature also
Original prepares ferrochrome, the control of specific requirement reaction temperature in pelletizing reflowing temperature hereinafter, and need to improve slag phase basicity, from
And reaction temperature as far as possible is made to improve, and to accelerate reaction rate and improve metal reduction rate, the metallized pellet of this high alkalinity
In cooling procedure, due to thermal stress and excess toner presence and natural degradation, it is screened to can be obtained ferrochrome.Due to
The process does not generate fusing reaction, and product is mainly solid-state ferrochrome particle, and hazardous elements S, P in raw material etc. mainly retain
In slag phase, S, P content are relatively low in the ferrochrome to produce.However it needs to keep dual alkalinity in chromite in this method
(R=CaO/SiO2) be 1.2~1.6, and due in chromite CaO content it is generally very low, SiO2Content is relatively high, needs
It is additional to add a large amount of materials containing CaO, while also needing the materials such as addition flux；It is molded simultaneously using ball press technique, with pellet forming process
Compared to high expensive；In addition metallized pellet digestion time is up to one day, and the production cycle is longer.
Application No. is 200880017195.3 patents to provide a kind of side producing chromium metal derby by chromite ore/concentrate
Method, including：In a furnace first by Cr in a low temperature of 900 DEG C:Fe is than the chromite ore or ferrochrome in the range of 1.0~3.3
Concentrate aoxidizes；Then the chromite ore of oxidation or ferrochrome concentrate are mixed with reducing agent, flux lime and silica in a mixer
Afterwards, pelletizing is carried out；Finally the pelletizing made is distributed into rotary hearth furnace and is restored at a temperature of 1400 DEG C~1550 DEG C, is restored
Time is 1.5~3 hours, and the pelletizing after reduction obtains chromium metal derby and clinker by physical separation.However this method is in order to carry
High reduction effect increases chromite pre-oxidation link, and flow is elongated, and cost of investment increases；It needs to add silica and stone simultaneously
Ash etc. is used as flux；In addition pelletizing restores 1.5~3 hours in rotary hearth furnace, and the time is relatively long.
Therefore, the existing technology for preparing ferrochrome is further improved.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, the present invention
One purpose is to propose that a kind of method preparing ferrochrome, this method can efficiently use chromite powder resource, and
Chromium has higher grade in gained ferrochrome.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method preparing ferrochrome, reality according to the present invention
Example is applied, this method includes：
(1) by chromite powder, reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder to mix, to obtain mixture
Material；
(2) water is added to carry out pelletizing into the mixed material, to obtain mixing pelletizing；
(3) the mixing pelletizing is dried, to obtain dry pelletizing；
(4) the dry pelletizing is subjected to reduction treatment in reduction roaster, to obtain metallized pellet；
(5) metallized pellet is subjected to cooling treatment in hermetically sealed can, to obtain cooling pelletizing；And
(6) the cooling pelletizing is subjected to broken and magnetic separation, to obtain ferrochrome and tailing.
The method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention for preparing ferrochrome can be solved by the way that chromite powder is carried out pelletizing
The unserviceable problem of chromite powder in traditional chromium ferroalloy smelting technique, and since miberal powder price is relatively low, so as to aobvious
Writing reduces the manufacturing cost of ferrochrome, secondly by nucleating agent is added in mixed process so that during sequential reduction
The metallic iron restored and chromium agglomeration can be effectively facilitated, to improve the separation of ferrochrome and tailing during magnetic separation
Efficiency, it is in addition of the invention using solid-state ferrochrome production technology, not only it can shorten the reaction time, but also can save
Electric furnace smelting process, so as to shorten production procedure, and chromium has higher grade in gained ferrochrome.
In addition, the method according to the above embodiment of the present invention for preparing ferrochrome can also have following additional technology
Feature：
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the chromite powder, helps reducing agent, forming core at reducing agent
The mass ratio of agent and binder is 100：(20~35)：(2~5)：(3~6)：(2~4).Thus, it is possible to significantly improve subsequently mistake
The degree of metalization of metallized pellet in journey.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the chromite powder, the reducing agent and described help are gone back
The grain size of former agent accounts for 80wt% or more less than 75 microns, and the average grain diameter of the nucleating agent is 0.1~1 millimeter.Thus, it is possible to
Realize the quick reduction of chromite.
In some embodiments of the invention, the reducing agent be selected from least one of semi-coke and anthracite, it is described
Fixed in reducing agent carbon content be 75wt% or more, it is described help reducing agent be in lime stone, sodium carbonate and borax at least
One kind, the nucleating agent are selected from least one of iron powder and ferrochrome powder, and the binder is selected from bentonite, molasses
At least one of with starch.As a result, production cost is reduced while the degree of metalization for significantly improving metallized pellet.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (2), the addition of the water is the mixed material weight
7~10%.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve the intensity of mixing pelletizing.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (2), the average grain diameter of the mixing pelletizing is 8~14mm.By
This, can further increase the degree of metalization of metallized pellet.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (3), water content is less than 2wt% in the dry pelletizing.By
This, can further increase the degree of metalization of metallized pellet.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (4), the reduction treatment is under 1450~1650 degrees Celsius
It carries out 10~120 minutes.Thus, it is possible to further increase the degree of metalization of metallized pellet.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (5), non-oxidizing gas progress is injected into the hermetically sealed can
0.5~the 3h of cooling treatment.Thus, it is possible to the secondary oxidation of ferrochrome be effectively prevent, to significantly improve ferrochrome
The grade of middle chromium.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the non-oxidizing gas is 800~1300 degrees Celsius, described non-
Oxidizing gas is selected from least one of nitrogen, argon gas and rotary hearth furnace flue gas.Thus, it is possible to so that gained metallized pellet
Slow cooling at high temperature so as to effectively facilitate the further agglomeration of ferrochrome crystal grain, and then improves follow-up magnetic
The separative efficiency of ferrochrome and tailing during choosing.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the invention for preparing ferrochrome.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method preparing ferrochrome.Reality according to the present invention
Example is applied, this method includes：(1) by chromite powder, reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder to mix, to obtain
Mixed material；(2) water is added to carry out pelletizing into the mixed material, to obtain mixing pelletizing；(3) by the mixing pelletizing into
Row drying, to obtain dry pelletizing；(4) the dry pelletizing is subjected to reduction treatment in reduction roaster, to obtain
Metallized pellet；(5) metallized pellet is subjected to cooling treatment in hermetically sealed can, to obtain cooling pelletizing；And (6)
The cooling pelletizing is subjected to broken and magnetic separation, to obtain ferrochrome and tailing.
Inventor has found, by the way that chromite powder is carried out pelletizing, can solve chromium in traditional chromium ferroalloy smelting technique
The unserviceable problem of Iron Ore Powder, and since miberal powder price is relatively low, so as to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of ferrochrome,
Secondly by nucleating agent is added in mixed process so that the metallic iron restored can be effectively facilitated during sequential reduction
With chromium agglomeration, to improve the separative efficiency of ferrochrome and tailing during magnetic separation, in addition the present invention is using solid
State ferrochrome production technology, not only can shorten the reaction time, but also can save electric furnace smelting process, so as to shorten production
Flow, and chromium has higher grade in gained ferrochrome.
The method for preparing ferrochrome of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 1.According to the present invention
Embodiment, this method includes：
S100：By chromite powder, reducing agent, reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder is helped to mix
According to an embodiment of the invention, by chromite powder, reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder to mix,
So as to obtain mixed material.Inventor has found, by the way that nucleating agent is added in mixed material, can effectively facilitate follow-up go back
Metallic iron and chromium agglomeration during original, to improve the separative efficiency of ferrochrome and tailing during magnetic separation.
According to one embodiment of present invention, chromite powder, reducing agent, the mixing for helping reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder
Proportioning is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, specific reality according to the present invention
Apply example, chromite powder, reducing agent, to help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder can be 100 according to mass ratio：(20~35)：(2~
5)：(3~6)：(2~4) are mixed.It should be noted that the addition of reducing agent is to fix carbon content determination in reducing agent.
Inventor has found, metal reduction can be caused to be not thorough if the addition of reducing agent is too low, and can excessively cause the waste of reducing agent
And increase cost；Simultaneously help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder be used as auxiliary material, add it is too little or too much be not achieved it is more excellent
Effect, and additive amount excessively also causes cost burden.
According to still a further embodiment, chromite powder, reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent grain size not by
Especially limitation, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, chromite
Powder, reducing agent and help the grain size of reducing agent that can account for 80wt% or more less than 75 microns, the average grain diameter of nucleating agent can be
0.1~1 millimeter.Inventor has found that the material of the particle size range can be sufficiently mixed, so as to dramatically increase each storeroom
Contact area, and then the degree of metalization of metallized pellet in subsequent process is improved, and the larger nucleating agent of grain size is added, Ke Yiyou
Effect promotes the metallic iron being reduced out in subsequent process and chromium agglomeration, and the nucleating agent of the particle size range is conducive to subsequently
The separation of ferrochrome and tailing during magnetic separation.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent, binder concrete type not
It being particularly limited, art technology person can be selected according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, reducing agent
It can be the carbonaceous material that fixed carbon content is 75wt% or more, such as can be at least one of semi-coke and anthracite.By
This can not only significantly reduce the production cost of ferrochrome, Er Qieke by using the more cheap carbonaceous reducing agent of price
To improve the degree of metalization of metallized pellet.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it can be selected from lime stone, carbon to help reducing agent
At least one of sour sodium and borax.Inventor has found, helps the addition of reducing agent that can not only adjust basicity, while can be with
It reacts with gangue content in pelletizing, to reduce or the iron compound for being difficult to restore is inhibited to generate, and then improves pelletizing gold
Belong to rate, while being added and helping reducing agent that can reduce the fusing point of gangue content, is conducive to the separation of follow-up alloy and gangue content.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, nucleating agent can be selected from least one of iron powder and ferrochrome powder.Invention human hair
Existing, in 1400 DEG C or more high temperature, iron and chromium have identical body-centered cubic crystal structure, and lattice constant is very close, at this time
The iron or chromium metal restored can enter lattice each other, and crystal grain is made to grow up.Iron, chromium metal carbides have very in metallic iron simultaneously
High solid solubility also can make ferrochrome crystal grain grow up, therefore the addition of nucleating agent is conducive to the metallic iron being reduced out and chromium
Agglomeration.In addition, the nucleating agent granularity being added is also big compared with ore grain size, to be conducive to subsequent product Magneto separate.According to this
The specific embodiment of invention, binder can be selected from least one of bentonite, molasses and starch.Inventor has found, is somebody's turn to do
Class binder can significantly improve the intensity of follow-up pelletizing, so as to effectively prevent the generation of ring formation phenomenon in reduction process,
And then further increase the degree of metalization of metallized pellet.
S200：Into mixed material plus water carries out pelletizing
According to an embodiment of the invention, water is added to carry out pelletizing into above-mentioned gained mixed material, so as to be mixed
Pelletizing.By that can solve chromite powder progress pelletizing in traditional chromium ferroalloy smelting technique, chromite powder can not as a result,
The problem utilized, and since miberal powder price is relatively low, so as to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of ferrochrome, while compared with pressure ball
Technique is compared, and pellet forming process is more simple, and cost is relatively low.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the addition of water is not particularly restricted in balling process, art technology
Personnel can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the addition of water can be mixed material
The 7~10% of weight.Inventor has found that the water of the addition range can not only ensure that gained pelletizing has enough intensity,
And hardly too big burden is brought to being subsequently dried.
According to still a further embodiment, the grain size for mixing pelletizing is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
Can be selected according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, mix pelletizing average grain diameter can be 8~
14mm.Thus, it is possible to the degree of metalization of metallized pellet obtained by during further increasing sequential reduction.
S300：Mixing pelletizing is dried
According to an embodiment of the invention, the mixing pelletizing obtained by above-mentioned pelletizing is dried, so as to obtain drying
Pelletizing.Thus, it is possible to the degree of metalization of metallized pellet obtained by during further increasing sequential reduction.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the water content of dry pelletizing is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
It can be selected according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, water content is less than 2wt% in dry pelletizing.By
This, can further increase the degree of metalization of gained metallized pellet during sequential reduction.It should be noted that mixing ball
The mode that group is dried can be drying mode any in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
S400：Dry pelletizing is subjected to reduction treatment in reduction roaster
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned gained drying pelletizing is subjected to reduction treatment in reduction roaster, to
It can obtain metallized pellet.
According to one embodiment of present invention, fabric thickness of the dry pelletizing in reduction roaster is not limited especially
System, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, dry pelletizing is also
Fabric thickness in former roaster can be 16~30mm.Inventor has found that the fabric thickness can substantially reduce reduction process
Heat transmission resistance, to improve the reduction efficiency of chromite.
According to still a further embodiment, the condition of reduction treatment is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
It can be selected according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, reduction treatment can be Celsius 1450~1650
Degree is lower to carry out 10~120 minutes.Inventor has found, passes through stringent controlling reaction temperature so that material is constantly in solid state,
To which not only the reaction time can be shortened, but also electric furnace smelting process can be saved, and then shorten production procedure, and gained gold
Belonging to pellet has higher degree of metalization, while at this temperature, chromium and iron body-centered cubic crystal structure having the same, and
The two lattice constant is very close so that the iron or chromium metal restored can enter lattice each other, can to the addition of nucleating agent
It is further grown up with remarkably promoting the metallic iron after reduction and chromium, and then improves ferrochrome and tailing during follow-up magnetic separation
Separative efficiency.
S500：Metallized pellet is subjected to cooling treatment in hermetically sealed can
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned gained metallized pellet is subjected to cooling treatment in hermetically sealed can, so as to
To obtain cooling pelletizing.As a result, by carrying out cooling treatment to metallized pellet in hermetically sealed can, metallized pellet can be prevented
The secondary oxidation of middle ferrochrome, to further increase the grade of chromium in ferrochrome.
According to one embodiment of present invention, cooling treatment can be carried out by injecting non-oxidizing gas into hermetically sealed can
0.5~3h.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of non-oxidizing gas can be 800~1300 degrees Celsius, according to this
The specific example of invention, non-oxidizing gas can be selected from least one of nitrogen, argon gas and rotary hearth furnace flue gas.Inventor
It was found that in cooling procedure, by injecting the non-oxidizing gas of high temperature into hermetically sealed can, can not only effectively prevent metallizing
The secondary oxidation of ferrochrome in pelletizing, and use non-oxidizing gas progress Slow cooling that can also promote ferrochrome at high temperature
Alloy grain is grown up, to further increase the separative efficiency of ferrochrome and tailing during follow-up magnetic separation.
S600：Cooling pelletizing is subjected to broken and magnetic separation
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned gained cooling pelletizing is subjected to broken and magnetic separation, so as to isolated
Ferrochrome and tailing.It should be noted that those skilled in the art can be according to actual needs to broken and magnetic separation condition
It is selected, details are not described herein again.
The method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention for preparing ferrochrome can be solved by the way that chromite powder is carried out pelletizing
The unserviceable problem of chromite powder in traditional chromium ferroalloy smelting technique, and since miberal powder price is relatively low, so as to aobvious
Writing reduces the manufacturing cost of ferrochrome, secondly by nucleating agent is added in mixed process so that during sequential reduction
The metallic iron restored and chromium agglomeration can be effectively facilitated, to improve the separation of ferrochrome and tailing during magnetic separation
Efficiency, it is in addition of the invention using solid-state ferrochrome production technology, not only it can shorten the reaction time, but also can save
Electric furnace smelting process, so as to shorten production procedure, and chromium has higher grade in gained ferrochrome.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only to describe
Property, without limiting the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
Material forms：TFe contents are 15.81wt% in chromite powder, and Cr/Fe mass ratioes are 1.8, and grain size is less than 75 microns
Account for 88wt%；Reducing agent use semi-coke, fixed carbon 82.26wt%, grain size less than 75 microns can account for 96wt% with
On；Help reducing agent that sodium carbonate, grain size is used to account for 90wt% less than 75 microns；Nucleating agent uses ferrochrome powder, average grain diameter 0.5
Millimeter；Binder uses bentonite；
Preparation method：By chromite powder and reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and bentonite according to 100:30:3:5:3
Mass ratio carries out dispensing, obtains mixed material, and pelletizing is carried out after the water of mixed material 8wt% then is added into mixed material,
Material pelletizing (grain size is 10 millimeters) is obtained, obtained material pelletizing is dried, dry pelletizing is obtained, then by dry ball
Group is distributed into regenerative rotary hearth furnace, fabric thickness 16mm, discharges after restoring 40min at 1560 DEG C, obtains metallized pellet,
Then batch can will be directly loadable into after the discharging of high-temperature metal pellet, and be filled with after 1200 DEG C of rotary hearth furnace smoke impervious carry out it is cold
But, cooling pelletizing is obtained, after being then crushed obtained cooling pelletizing mechanical-physical, then is detached through magnetic separation and obtains ferrochrome
Grain and tailing, Cr contents are 58.18wt%, C content 6.39wt% in ferrochrome particle.
Embodiment 2
Material forms：TFe contents are 13.28wt% in chromite powder, and Cr/Fe mass ratioes are 1.42, and grain size is micro- less than 75
Rice accounts for 98wt%；Reducing agent uses anthracite, fixed carbon 80.44wt%, grain size to account for 92wt% less than 75 microns；
Help reducing agent that lime stone, grain size is used to account for 85wt% less than 75 microns,；It is 0.2 milli that nucleating agent, which uses ferrochrome powder, average grain diameter,
Rice；Binder uses bentonite；
Preparation method：By chromite powder and reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder according to 100:35:3:5:3
Mass ratio carries out dispensing, obtains mixed material, and pelletizing is carried out after the water of mixed material 8wt% then is added into mixed material,
Material pelletizing (grain size is 10 millimeters) is obtained, obtained material pelletizing is dried, dry pelletizing is obtained, then by dry ball
Group is distributed into regenerative rotary hearth furnace, and fabric thickness 25mm discharges after reductase 12 5min at 1600 DEG C, obtains metallized pellet,
Then it is directly loadable into batch can after high-temperature metal pellet being discharged, and is cooled down after being filled with 900 DEG C of rotary hearth furnace smoke impervious,
Cooling pelletizing is obtained, after being then crushed obtained cooling pelletizing mechanical-physical, then is detached through magnetic separation and obtains ferrochrome particle
And tailing, Cr contents are 56.46% in ferrochrome particle, C content 6.85%.
Embodiment 3
Material forms：TFe contents are 13.28wt% in chromite powder, and Cr/Fe mass ratioes are 2.17, and grain size is micro- less than 75
Rice accounts for 86wt%；Reducing agent uses semi-coke, fixed carbon 82.26wt%, grain size to account for 96wt% less than 75 microns；It helps
Reducing agent uses borax, grain size to account for 86wt% less than 75 microns；It is 0.5 millimeter that nucleating agent, which uses iron powder, average grain diameter,；It bonds
Agent uses molasses；
Preparation method：By chromite powder and reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder according to 100:26:3:5:3
Mass ratio carries out dispensing, obtains mixed material, and pelletizing is carried out after the water of mixed material 8wt% then is added into mixed material,
Material pelletizing (grain size is 10 millimeters) is obtained, obtained material pelletizing is dried, dry pelletizing is obtained, then by dry ball
Group is distributed into regenerative rotary hearth furnace, fabric thickness 25mm, discharges after restoring 120min at 1450 DEG C, obtains metallization ball
Group is directly loadable into batch can after then high-temperature metal pellet discharges, and is carried out after being filled with 1100 DEG C of rotary hearth furnace smoke impervious
It is cooling, cooling pelletizing is obtained, after being then crushed obtained cooling pelletizing mechanical-physical, then is detached through magnetic separation and obtains ferrochrome
Particle and tailing, Cr contents are 57.46wt%, C content 6.11wt% in ferrochrome particle.
Embodiment 4
Material forms：TFe contents are 13.28wt% in chromite powder, and Cr/Fe mass ratioes are 1.97, and grain size is micro- less than 75
Rice accounts for 98wt%；Reducing agent uses semi-coke, fixed carbon 82.26wt%, grain size to account for 98wt% less than 75 microns；It helps
Reducing agent uses sodium carbonate, 75 microns of grain size to account for 90wt%；It is 1 millimeter that nucleating agent, which uses ferrochrome powder, average grain diameter,；Binder
Using bentonite；
Preparation method：By chromite powder and reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder according to 100:28:3:5:3
Mass ratio carries out dispensing, obtains mixed material, and pelletizing is carried out after the water of mixed material 8wt% then is added into mixed material,
Material pelletizing (grain size is 10 millimeters) is obtained, obtained material pelletizing is dried, dry pelletizing is obtained, then by dry ball
Group is distributed into regenerative rotary hearth furnace, fabric thickness 28mm, discharges after restoring 30min at 1600 DEG C, obtains metallized pellet,
Then batch can will be directly loadable into after the discharging of high-temperature metal pellet, and be filled with after 1000 DEG C of rotary hearth furnace smoke impervious carry out it is cold
But, cooling pelletizing is obtained, after being then crushed obtained cooling pelletizing mechanical-physical, then is detached through magnetic separation and obtains ferrochrome
Grain and tailing, Cr contents are 57.66wt%, C content 6.26wt% in ferrochrome particle.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method preparing ferrochrome, which is characterized in that including：
(1) by chromite powder, reducing agent, help reducing agent, nucleating agent and binder to mix, to obtain mixed material；
(2) water is added to carry out pelletizing into the mixed material, to obtain mixing pelletizing；
(3) the mixing pelletizing is dried, to obtain dry pelletizing；
(4) the dry pelletizing is subjected to reduction treatment in reduction roaster, to obtain metallized pellet；
(5) non-oxidizing gas that the metallized pellet is 800-1300 degrees Celsius with temperature in hermetically sealed can is cooled down
Processing, to obtain cooling pelletizing；And
(6) the cooling pelletizing is subjected to broken and magnetic separation, to obtain ferrochrome and tailing,
Wherein, the chromite powder, reducing agent, help reducing agent grain size to account for 80% or more less than 75 microns, it is described to help reducing agent
To be selected from least one of lime stone, sodium carbonate and borax, the nucleating agent includes iron powder and ferrochrome powder, the shape
The average grain diameter of core agent is 0.1~1 millimeter,
In step (4), the reduction treatment carries out 10~40 minutes under 1560~1650 degrees Celsius, fabric thickness be 16~
30mm。
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the chromite powder, reducing agent help also
The mass ratio of former agent, nucleating agent and binder is 100：(20~35)：(2~5)：(3~6)：(2~4).
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (5), injected into the hermetically sealed can non-oxide
Property gas carry out the cooling treatment 0.5h~3h.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step (5), the non-oxidizing gas is selected from nitrogen
At least one of gas, argon gas and rotary hearth furnace flue gas.
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| CN108358246B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-12-10 | 中南大学 | Preparation method and application of sodium ferrochrome material |
| CN108385009A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-10 | 盐城市鑫洋电热材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ferrochrome molybdenum alloy |
| CN108531822A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-14 | 盐城市鑫洋电热材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of alloy |
| CN110512096A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 宜宾天原海丰和泰有限公司 | A kind of fine fraction climb western ilmenite concentrate preparation can chlorination rich-titanium material method |
| CN112210664B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-11-12 | 中南大学 | Method for strengthening pre-reduction of chromite pellets |
| CN115198089A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-10-18 | 中冶节能环保有限责任公司 | Zinc-containing dust and mud shaft furnace treatment method and device |
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| CN101538629A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-09-23 | 丁家伟 | Process and device for smelting chromium irons and chromium-containing molten iron by using chromium ore powder |
| CN104762432A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for restoring and extracting iron components in acid leaching vanadium tailings |
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| CN101538629A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-09-23 | 丁家伟 | Process and device for smelting chromium irons and chromium-containing molten iron by using chromium ore powder |
| CN104762432A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for restoring and extracting iron components in acid leaching vanadium tailings |
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