Perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin
Technical field
The invention belongs to water pollution control and prevention and control field, particularly the purifying method of a kind of sewage and polluted water body.
Background technology
Sewage work is that current water pollution control and prevention and control field use water pollution control technology the most widely.But sewage work is mainly applicable to process high-concentration waste water under existing economic technology condition, the minimum V class water quality standard of water quality requirement in contrast " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " GB18918-2002 the tightest primary standard A standard and GB3838-2002 " water environment quality standard ", can find that sewage treatment plant tail water even can not meet the minimum surface water quality requirement of water quality requirement, still enter surface water body as sewage.
Existing sewage work is mainly through the pollutent in various sewage treatment facility removal or degradation of sewage, Pollutant levels in sewage are progressively from high step-down, be difficult to make the enriching pollutants in sewage in treating processes after, focus on high-concentration waste water again, this is also the major reason that existing sewage work is not suitable for the lower sewage of process Pollutant levels or polluted water body.And for the lower sewage treatment plant tail water of Pollutant levels or contaminated water body, the treatment measures such as mainly adopt oxidation pond, artificial floating island, artificial swamp, biology to put in a suitable place to breed at present, but these measure processing efficiencies are low, floor space is large.
Aerobic treatment, anaerobic biochemical treatment, precipitation and filtration etc. are the treatment processs that current sewage work commonly uses, these treatment processs often occur with relatively independent structures such as anaerobic biological pond, aerobic biochemical pool, settling tank and artificial filter tanks, these structures floor spaces are large, the energy that the delivery consumes of sewage between these structures is a large amount of, its investment and working cost higher.
Second pond is the one in settling tank, is to adopt sewage treatment facility common in the sewage work of activated sludge process, sets up after being placed in the biochemical treatment such as anaerobic pond, Aerobic Pond unit, for removing the suspended substance in sewage.Mud in second pond enters at the bottom of pond by layering and precipitating, and supernatant liquor is by peripheral overflow water outlet, and effluent quality directly affects by the effect of settling of mud.For avoiding the disturbance produced in sewage treatment facility operational process on the impact of effect of settling, be therefore difficult to arrange the water processing establishment such as stirrer, aerator in existing second pond, the space of second pond is underutilized.
For eliminating sludge settling effect to the impact of second pond, the present invention arranges filtering membrane by the periphery at second pond, realizes perimeter filter water outlet.Eliminate effect of settling to after the impact of effluent quality, in second pond, the water processing establishments such as aerator can be installed, solid contaminant enrichment in pond after water outlet after filtration, and degrade under aerobic condition, due to action of gravity, solid contaminant, in a large number in bottom enrichment, arranges the bottom sewage that anaerobic biological pond process Pollutant levels are higher.
Because perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin can make enriching pollutants, therefore compare and be suitable for processing the lower polluted water body of Pollutant levels, as the water inlet water system as river, design emphasis lake, preposition pond, go out water harnessing lake as lake vacation; Also the sewage that process Pollutant levels are lower is applicable to, if the pre-treatment such as anaerobic pond, septic tank facility should be arranged before perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin for the treatment of the sewage that pollutent is higher.
Water inlet water system as emphasis river, design emphasis lake, preposition pond: the water body in emphasis river, emphasis lake generally has many water systems to import, and arranges perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin before water system of getting dirty imports emphasis river, emphasis lake.The general Pollutant levels of water system of getting dirty are lower, can directly be delivered to aerobic biochemical settling tank, and solid contaminant is trapped within aerobic biochemical reaction tank, and pollutent generation aerobic biochemical reacts and degrades; Because the solid contaminant content of action of gravity aerobic biochemical settling tank hypomere is more, by entering the further degradation of contaminant in anaerobic biochemical reaction pond at the bottom of pond, after anaerobic biochemical reaction, be back to aerobic biochemical settling tank with sump pump; Water in aerobic biochemical settling tank and operative liquid material enter clean water basin by filtering membrane, and clear water enters emphasis lake or emphasis water system.
Go out water harnessing lake as lake vacation: due to have lake evaporation, under blend water intaking the water yield be greater than or do not have close to amount of inlet water draining river course or water displacement less, cause pollutent to be accumulated in lake.Can offer channel at lake downstream area introduces in perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin by Lake Water, water body is degraded or is removed pollutent in aerobic biochemical settling tank and anaerobic biological pond, clear water and operative liquid material enter clean water basin by filtering membrane, and the clear water in clean water basin returns lake upstream region as ecological water.There is the lake of water port also can form dead angle because of reasons such as water body flow field, wind fields, pollutent adds up in a large number in dead angle, form heavily contaminated region, channel can be offered at the dead angle area of heavily contaminated, the Lake Water in heavily contaminated region is introduced in perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin, heavily contaminated region Lake Water is degraded in aerobic biochemical settling tank and anaerobic biological pond, clear water and operative liquid material enter clean water basin by filtering membrane, and the clear water in clean water basin returns to other waters beyond heavily contaminated region, lake as ecological water.
As sewage treatment facility: the speed consuming dissolved oxygen due to pollutent in sewage of low concentration is lower, be not suitable for directly adopting anaerobic biochemical treatment measure degradation of contaminant, aerobic biochemical degraded is carried out in the aerobic biochemical settling tank that directly can be delivered to perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin, solid contaminant in sewage is filtered film and is trapped in aerobic biochemical settling tank, and reacts with fluid contaminants generation aerobic biochemical and degrade; Because the solid contaminant content of action of gravity aerobic biochemical settling tank hypomere is more, by entering the further degradation of contaminant in anaerobic biochemical reaction pond at the bottom of pond, after anaerobic biochemical reaction, be back to aerobic biochemical settling tank with sump pump; Water in aerobic biochemical settling tank and operative liquid material enter clean water basin by filtering membrane, and the clear water in clean water basin is by water pump qualified discharge or reuse.The speed consuming dissolved oxygen due to high-concentration sewage is very fast, and can arrange after the facility such as anaerobic pond, septic tank carries out pre-treatment and enter the process of perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin again, treatment process is consistent with sewage of low concentration.
Summary of the invention
For improving the space availability ratio of sewage treatment facility, pollutent is progressively focused on after enrichment in water body, for sewage of low concentration and polluted water body seek a kind for the treatment of process of economical and efficient, the present invention proposes a kind of perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin on the basis of transformation second pond.
Perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin of the present invention, is characterized in that being respectively anaerobic biological pond, aerobic biochemical settling tank and clean water basin from inside to outside; Anaerobic biological pond is communicated with bottom aerobic biochemical settling tank, and the pool wall between clean water basin and aerobic biochemical settling tank is provided with filtering membrane.
In aerobic biochemical settling tank, the sewage treatment facilities such as aerator, mud scraper, slag scraper can be set.
Sewage or polluted water body are directly communicated with aerobic biochemical settling tank, and aerobic biochemical settling tank can extend to water inlet river course, and clean water basin can extend along two sides, river course.
Sewage of low concentration or polluted water body can directly enter aerobic biochemical settling tank; During process high-concentration sewage, after the sewage treatment facility pre-treatment such as anaerobic biological pond, septic tank are set, enter aerobic biochemical settling tank again.
This described perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin, bottom is funnel-shaped design, and dirt is gathered under gravity, and a part enters anaerobic biochemical reaction pond, and a part is removed as excess sludge.
As another embodiment of the present invention, be level design bottom this described perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin, adopt mud scraper to collect dirt.
Described filtering membrane is the structures with strainability, as the filtration structures formed in filtering membrane, wire netting, metallic rod etc., as having body of wall or the natural clay of certain penetrating quality.
Solid contaminant in sewage may form new filtering layer in the alluvial of the surface of filtering membrane, new filtering layer contains a large amount of microorganism organic pollutant, also can improve filtration effluent quality, but the resistance being increased filtration even blocks filtering membrane, should regularly remove simultaneously.
The method that the present invention purifies waste water comprises the following steps:
(1) aerobic biochemical precipitation: sewage enters aerobic biochemical settling tank along river course, be provided with aerating apparatus in aerobic biochemical settling tank and increase dirty content of oxygen dissolved in water, dirty water pollutant generation aerobic biochemical reacts and is cut down, in sewage, a part of suspended substance is floated on the water surface and is removed by slag scraper, and a part of suspended substance precipitation enters aerobic biochemical settling tank hypomere;
(2) anaerobic biological: adopt sump pump by sewage backflow in anaerobic biological pond to aerobic biochemical sedimentation basin, because the sewage of waterhead aerobic biochemical settling tank hypomere enters anaerobic biological pond by bottom, there is anaerobic reaction and cut down pollutent in sewage further in pollutent in the sewage of aerobic biochemical settling tank hypomere after consuming the dissolved oxygen in sewage; A part of suspended substance in sewage is separated and is removed as excess sludge from sewage;
(3) periphery infiltration: the pool wall between clean water basin and aerobic biochemical settling tank is provided with filtering membrane, adopts water pump to reduce the water level of clear water in clean water basin, guarantees the waterhead of clean water basin and aerobic biochemical settling tank; Solid contaminant is filtered film interception in aerobic biochemical settling tank, and water and operative liquid pollutent enter clean water basin through filtering membrane, clear water discharge or reuse.
The present invention removes the pollutent in sewage, and beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
After the settling tank employing perimeter filter water outlet of 1 the present invention's design, relative to the second pond of peripheral overflow water outlet, effluent quality by the impact of mud effect of settling, can not arrange the devices such as slag scraper, mud scraper, aerator in settling tank, improves the space availability ratio of settling tank.
2 the present invention integrate the treatment measures such as aerobic treatment, anaerobic biochemical treatment, precipitation and filtration, reduce the occupation of land of sewage treatment facility, investment and working cost.
After more than 3 kind of sewage disposal measure is integrated in one, the energy consumption between the various facilities of the scattering device avoided.
4 under the filteration of filtering membrane solid contaminant be intercepted in aerobic biochemical settling tank, concentrate and adopt aerobic treatment, simultaneously solid contaminant is under gravity bottom enrichment and aerobic biochemical settling tank, concentrate further and adopt anaerobic biochemical treatment, therefore the present invention has good effect for the sewage of low concentration and polluted water body processing pollutent dispersion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin;
Fig. 2 is the A-A line sectional view of perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin;
Wherein, river course 1, clean water basin 2, aerobic biochemical settling tank 3, anaerobic biological pond 4, sump pump 5, water pump 7.
Embodiment
embodiment 1:perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin, is characterized in that being respectively anaerobic biological pond 4, aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 and clean water basin 2 from inside to outside; Anaerobic biological pond 4 is communicated with bottom aerobic biochemical settling tank 3, and the pool wall between clean water basin 2 and aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 is provided with filtering membrane.
When the present invention is for the treatment of sewage of low concentration or polluted water body, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) aerobic biochemical precipitation: sewage enters aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 along river course 1, be provided with aerating apparatus in aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 and increase dirty content of oxygen dissolved in water, dirty water pollutant generation aerobic biochemical reacts and is cut down, in sewage, a part of suspended substance is floated on the water surface and is removed by slag scraper, and a part of suspended substance precipitation enters aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 hypomere;
(2) anaerobic biological: adopt sump pump 5 by sewage backflow in anaerobic biological pond 4 to aerobic biochemical sedimentation basin 3, because the sewage of waterhead aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 hypomere enters anaerobic biological pond 4 by bottom, there is anaerobic reaction and cut down pollutent in sewage further in pollutent in the sewage of aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 hypomere after consuming the dissolved oxygen in sewage; A part of suspended substance in sewage is separated and is removed as excess sludge from sewage;
(3) periphery infiltration: the pool wall between clean water basin 2 and aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 is provided with filtering membrane, adopts water pump 7 to reduce the water level of clear water in clean water basin 2, guarantees the waterhead of clean water basin 2 and aerobic biochemical settling tank 3; Solid contaminant is filtered film interception in aerobic biochemical settling tank 3, and water and operative liquid pollutent enter clean water basin 2 through filtering membrane, clear water discharge or reuse.
embodiment 2:perimeter filter water outlet biochemical sedimentation basin, is characterized in that being respectively anaerobic biological pond 4, aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 and clean water basin 2 from inside to outside; Anaerobic biological pond 4 is communicated with bottom aerobic biochemical settling tank 3, and the pool wall between clean water basin 2 and aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 is provided with filtering membrane.
Comprise the following steps during process high-concentration sewage of the present invention:
(1) before sewage flows into aerobic biochemical settling tank 3, first pre-treatment is carried out by sewage treatment facilities such as anaerobic biological pond 4, septic tanks;
(2) aerobic biochemical precipitation: sewage enters aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 along river course 1, be provided with aerating apparatus in aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 and increase dirty content of oxygen dissolved in water, dirty water pollutant generation aerobic biochemical reacts and is cut down, in sewage, a part of suspended substance is floated on the water surface and is removed by slag scraper, and a part of suspended substance precipitation enters aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 hypomere;
(3) anaerobic biological: adopt sump pump 5 by sewage backflow in anaerobic biological pond 4 to aerobic biochemical sedimentation basin 3, because the sewage of waterhead aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 hypomere enters anaerobic biological pond 4 by bottom, there is anaerobic reaction and cut down pollutent in sewage further in pollutent in the sewage of aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 hypomere after consuming the dissolved oxygen in sewage; A part of suspended substance in sewage is separated and is removed as excess sludge from sewage;
(4) periphery infiltration: the pool wall between clean water basin 2 and aerobic biochemical settling tank 3 is provided with filtering membrane, adopts water pump 7 to reduce the water level of clear water in clean water basin 2, guarantees the waterhead of clean water basin 2 and aerobic biochemical settling tank 3; Solid contaminant is filtered film interception in aerobic biochemical settling tank 3, and water and operative liquid pollutent enter clean water basin 2 through filtering membrane, clear water discharge or reuse.