CN105128701A - Sliding track type diamond section insulator - Google Patents
Sliding track type diamond section insulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105128701A CN105128701A CN201510600073.9A CN201510600073A CN105128701A CN 105128701 A CN105128701 A CN 105128701A CN 201510600073 A CN201510600073 A CN 201510600073A CN 105128701 A CN105128701 A CN 105128701A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sliding track type diamond section insulator. The sliding track type diamond section insulator structurally comprises connector wire clamps, a bridge insulator, two metal sliding tracks and two insulating sliding tracks. The two metal sliding tracks and the two insulating sliding tracks are mutually spaced to form a diamond structure, the two longitudinal ends of the diamond structure are connected with the connector wire clamps respectively, the sliding track type diamond section insulator is connected with a contact wire on a running line through the connector wire clamps, and the two transverse ends of the diamond structure are connected with the bridge insulator. Overhead contact line sectionalizer insulating rods are adopted for the insulating sliding rails and structurally comprise inside composite insulating rods and outside ceramic composite material pieces, and the composite insulating rods are sleeved with the ceramic composite material pieces. The composite insulating rods are good in tension bearing capacity and are sleeved with the multiple stages of composite material pieces in series connection, so that arc resistance is achieved, damage is not likely to occur, the service cycle is long, and the problems that in the prior art, insulating sliding tracks are not resistant to wear, likely to be carbonized, not resistant to arcs and short in service life and need to be regularly replaced are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric equipment, being specifically related to a kind of chute type rhombus section insulator for using in electrified railway, urban light rail, subway contact suspension.
Background technology
Contact system on the loading and unloading track, engine service track at each station of electric railway section and the ground such as electric power machine garage line, in order to ensure the convenient and personal safety of the operation of staff, is divided into independently section by section insulator in electricity.
Section insulator is installed in the two ends of above-mentioned individual section, and its structure can ensure the segmentation of powering, and pantograph can be made again to smoothly pass this equipment.
Have at present the section insulator of multiple different framework both at home and abroad, domestic employing have following several more typical version:
(1) section insulator of German Adtranz is the section insulator of non-insulating slide formula, and main structure adopts in wire both sides symmetrical special-shaped copper material slide plate, and install more complicated, maintenance is little; Hatch frame, the requirement that one direction is parallel to rail level to slide plate is higher; Do not have insulating slide, can not reduce insulating power, all-metal transition because of pantograph wearing and tearing, are-tight ability is strong;
(2) French GSM section insulator, mounting and adjusting is easy, and maintenance is little; Hatch frame, is applicable to single slide plate pantograph, and two slide plate pantograph easily touches tail skid; Adopt insulating boot and deflecting plate air insulation, but long-time running insulating boot absorption conductive carbon powder, a. g. active distance can be shortened; Insulating slide does not contact with deflecting plate, and are-tight ability is better;
(3) Switzerland AF section insulator, mounting and adjusting difficulty is large, and maintenance is large; It is hatch frame that pantograph is in contact with it face, and the requirement that twocouese is parallel to rail level to slide plate is all high; Adopt insulating slide and deflecting plate air insulation, insulating power are better; But long-time running insulating slide absorption conductive carbon powder, shortens a. g. active distance; Insulating slide does not contact with deflecting plate, and are-tight ability is better;
(4) rhombus section insulator, simple installation, maintenance is little, closed configuration, and requirement slide plate being parallel to rail level is lower; Bottom major insulation slideway, easily adsorb carbon dust form conductive channel, reduce insulativity; Anti-arc ability is bad, and electric transition position easily burns major insulation slide plate.
At present, the rhombus section insulator that electrified railway uses is made up of joint clamp, metal runners, insulating slide, bridge insulator and some Additional connections, and have structure simple, Installation and Debugging are advantage easily.
Insulating slide and contact wire, joint clamp, metal runners and section connecting element constitute the contact channels that pantograph seamlessly transits on contact system jointly, on electrically, serve the insulating effect separating both sides contact system.
Because block of bow collector of electric locomotive generally uses the good carbon slipper of self lubricity, in locomotive operation process, first the friction face of carbon slipper and insulating slide have bottom a small amount of carbon dust attachment insulating slide, insulating slide physical dimension is longer, the insulating capacity of insulating slide slightly declines in a short time, Leakage Current increases to some extent, is but unlikely to flashover when withstand voltage over the ground.Along with long-term mechanical wear, after the protective cover bottom insulating slide is worn away, exposed fiber shape lines, and engender centerline crack along lines, at this moment carbon dust is built up gradually along crackle, and Leakage Current increases, but still flashover breakdown when being unlikely to withstand voltage over the ground.Under severe weather conditions, particularly light rain weather, raindrop are attached on slide plate, flow to gradually bottom slide plate, immerse and be retained in the crackle of bottom fiber, jointly forming conductive path with carbon dust, insulating slide there will be abnormal flashover and puts a little under resistance to pressure condition over the ground, until breakdown, cause tripping operation.
Because existing insulating slide adopts overall composite insulating material, not wear-resisting, easy carbonization, not resistance to electric arc, service life is short, therefore needs periodic replacement.
Application number: 87207246 utility models disclose Rhombus section insulator, the Rhombus section insulator be made up of two insulation components and two alternate connections of conductor, becoming longitudinally insulation is lateral isolation, shortens the length of shackle widely, alleviates the weight of shackle.Due to monolateral insulation, block of bow collector of electric locomotive has the moment of short circuit two side, and electric locomotive is by producing spark during shackle.Particularly have employed arc guide rod, even if when there occurs shorted to earth, the electric arc of generation also can not Damage to insulation element.This insulator structure is simple, is easy to make, and be convenient to maintenance, cost is low, is beneficial to contact net for power supplying and applies.
Application number 201320397398.8 utility model discloses the discontinuous rhombus section insulator of a kind of insulating slide contact sliding surface, comprise joint clamp, bridge insulator, metal runners and insulating slide and starting rod, metal runners is connected with bridge insulator with joint clamp respectively with the two ends of insulating slide, described insulating slide is made up of the insulation rod member that at least two be arranged in parallel, described insulation rod member is provided with and contacts for pantograph the contact sliding surface slided, described contact sliding surface is provided with depressed part.The utility model is reasonable in design, structure is simple, be easy to Installation and Debugging, solve insulating slide because of contact sliding surface and pantograph uninterrupted contact slide, the problems such as the decreasing insulating that absorption carbon dust, attachment grease etc. cause and electrically through, dielectric tracking, improve the insulation durability of rhombus section insulator, improve the safe reliability of rhombus section insulator.
But, above utility model fail solve or completely solve insulating slide not wear-resisting, easy carbonization, the problem of not resistance to electric arc.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the present invention is based on existing contact system sectionaliser insulating bar and adopt overall composite insulating material, not wear-resisting, easy carbonization, not resistance to electric arc, service life is short, needs the problem of periodic replacement, provides a kind of chute type rhombus section insulator.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Chute type rhombus section insulator, its structure comprises joint clamp, bridge insulator, metal runners and insulating slide, wherein metal runners and insulating slide be respectively 2 and apart from one another by, form diamond structure, the two ends of diamond structure longitudinal direction are connected with joint clamp respectively, form the vitals contacting, supply its contact sliding surface slipped over motorcycle pantograph, by joint clamp, this section insulator is connected with the contact wire on driving route, bears the effect of electric segmentation on electrified railway, urban light rail and subway contact system.
The two ends of diamond structure transverse direction are connected with bridge insulator respectively, described insulating slide adopts contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, the structure of described contact system sectionaliser insulating bar comprises the composite insulation rod being arranged at inside, with the ceramic composites being arranged at outside, wherein ceramic composites is set in the outside face of composite insulation rod.
Described ceramic composites is by zirconia, rare earth, tin etc. are made, intensity is high, rub resistance, resistance to electric arc, not fragile, and composite insulation rod carrying pulling force is good, after composite insulation rod outside face suit ceramic composites, composite stick can be kept on the one hand to carry the good advantage of pulling force, on the other hand, ceramic composites directly and pantograph friction, due to its smooth surface, rub resistance, hardness is high, operating cycles is long, so, well overcome insulating slide in prior art not wear-resisting, easy carbonization, not resistance to electric arc, service life is short, need the problem of periodic replacement.
Be that the pottery of main component is called zirconia ceramics, density 5.6-5.9g/cm3, fusing point 2175 DEG C with zirconia, specific heat capacity and the coefficient of thermal conductivity of stable zirconia ceramics are little, good toughness, and chemical inertness is good, has resistance to acid and alkali resistance during high temperature.
Described ceramic composites is some tubular structure assemblies connected successively.This structure further increases the bearing pressure of contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, and improves the elasticity of contact system, effectively improves the result of use of product, substantially prolongs the service life of product.
Structure outside described composite insulation rod: inside is the plug that chemical fiber bundle is formed, and outside face is insulating protective layer.
Wherein internal core rod can adopt epoxy glass steel core bar, and permissible stress is large, all can meet operating needs bearing in contact wire tension force, sag etc., and have larger margin of safety.Insulating protective layer adopts silicon rubber umbrella, resistance to pollution flashover voltage, not cracky.
Described ceramic composites lower end is provided with the elongated slot under shed, and some ceramic composite steamboats are fixed in elongated slot by anchor shaft, and the periphery of ceramic composite steamboat forms the contact surface with carbon slipper.
By the setting of ceramic composite steamboat 10, the way of contact of carbon slipper and insulating slide is become friction of rolling by cliding friction, greatly reduce the damage rubbing and cause, improve the durability of insulating slide.
Described insulating slide is made up of the contact system sectionaliser insulating bar that more than two be arranged in parallel, described contact system sectionaliser insulating bar is provided with and contacts for pantograph the contact sliding surface slided, described contact sliding surface is provided with depressed part, and the position on each contact system sectionaliser insulating bar set by depressed part is interlaced.
In electric locomotive runs, during by rhombus section insulator, motorcycle pantograph uninterrupted contact on the contact sliding surface of insulating slide slides, with the contact sliding surface generation continuous print contact friction of insulating slide, friction can produce carbon dust and electrostatic, and the time has grown phenomenons such as then there will be carbon dust, adsorbing powder dust and grease attachment, thus affects the insulating power of rhombus section insulator complete machine, section insulator electrically through and dielectric tracking can be caused time serious, cause accident.
Straggly, the depressed part be arranged alternately makes the contact sliding surface on any contact system sectionaliser insulating bar of formation insulating slide be discontinuous contact sliding surface, when making pantograph by insulating slide, can not rub with the contact sliding surface uninterrupted contact of wherein any contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, the depressed part place of pantograph on contact sliding surface disengages, and with other contact system sectionaliser insulating bar contact friction, reach contact system sectionaliser insulating bar not with the object of pantograph uninterrupted contact, solve and adsorb because uninterrupted contact friction produces carbon dust and grease etc. the problem causing insulating power to reduce, by depressed part at least two discontinuous contact sliding surfaces straggly, be arranged alternately, discontinuous contact sliding surface is made to together constitute a contact sliding surface that can slide for pantograph uninterrupted contact, achieve quick, the smooth-going contact of pantograph to slide, avoid beating and touch, collide pantograph.
The structure of described chute type rhombus section insulator also comprises starting rod, and be arranged at diamond structure transverse ends position, the part of being stretched out outside diamond structure by metal runners is formed.
Shackle side ground connection, under the abnormal condition that side is charged, when block of bow collector of electric locomotive is by wire segmentation point of intersection, starting rod ensure that spark can not Damage to insulation element.
Preferably, the structure of described chute type rhombus section insulator comprises C type arcing ring, is arranged at diamond structure transverse ends position, the feature that C type arcing ring has rapid arc extinction, shortens discharge time, can better strengthen extinguishing arc effect.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Adopt the section insulator of contact system sectionaliser insulating bar of the present invention, structure is simply lightweight, easy for installation, and maintenance is few, integral structure machinery combined strength bination is high, unit design sound construction, integral structure good insulating, single unit system can keep balance automatically, good springiness, eliminate the hard spot that shackle own wt causes, shackle place and bow net can be made to keep elasticity consistent, ensure that locomotive high-speed secure passes through.
The present invention adopts ceramic composite to connect and is set in composite insulation rod outside face, can resistance to electric arc, not fragile, operating cycles is long, and composite insulation rod carrying pulling force is good, well overcomes insulating slide in prior art not wear-resisting, easy carbonization, not resistance to electric arc, service life is short, needs the problem of periodic replacement.
The series connection of tubular structure ceramic composites is sleeved on described composite insulation rod outside face, further increase the bearing pressure of contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, and improve the elasticity of contact system, effectively improve the result of use of product, substantially prolongs the service life of product.
Straggly by depressed part on the contact sliding surface of insulating slide, be arranged alternately, achieve quick, the smooth-going contact of pantograph and slide, avoid beating and touch, collide pantograph.
By arranging starting rod, ensure that spark can not Damage to insulation element.
By arranging C type arcing ring, can rapid arc extinction, shorten discharge time, better strengthen extinguishing arc effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is contact system sectionaliser insulating bar structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is chute type rhombus section insulator structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the contact system sectionaliser insulating bar structural representation being provided with depressed part;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that C type arcing ring installed by chute type rhombus section insulator;
Fig. 5 is the sectionaliser insulating bar structural representation that lower end is provided with steamboat;
Description of reference numerals:
1, ceramic composites, 2, joint clamp, 3, insulating slide, 4, metal runners, 5, bridge insulator, 6, starting rod, 7, contact sliding surface, 8, depressed part, 9, C type arcing ring, 10, ceramic composite steamboat, 11, anchor shaft.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings, by detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2, chute type rhombus section insulator, its structure comprises joint clamp 2, bridge insulator 5, metal runners 4 and insulating slide 3, wherein metal runners 4 and insulating slide 3 be respectively 2 and apart from one another by, form diamond structure, the two ends of diamond structure longitudinal direction are connected with joint clamp 2 respectively, form to contact with motorcycle pantograph, for the vitals of its contact sliding surface 7 slipped over, by joint clamp 2, this section insulator is connected with the contact wire on driving route, bear electrified railway, the effect of electrically segmentation on urban light rail and subway contact system.
The two ends of diamond structure transverse direction are connected with bridge insulator 5 respectively, described insulating slide 3 adopts contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, the structure of described contact system sectionaliser insulating bar comprises the composite insulation rod being arranged at inside, with the ceramic composites 1 being arranged at outside, wherein ceramic composites 1 is set in the outside face of composite insulation rod.
Described ceramic composites 1 is by zirconia, rare earth, tin etc. are made, intensity is high, rub resistance, resistance to electric arc, not fragile, and composite insulation rod carrying pulling force is good, after composite insulation rod outside face suit ceramic composites, composite stick can be kept on the one hand to carry the good advantage of pulling force, on the other hand, ceramic composites 1 directly and pantograph friction, due to its smooth surface, rub resistance, hardness is high, operating cycles long so, well overcome insulating slide in prior art not wear-resisting, easy carbonization, not resistance to electric arc, service life is short, need the problem of periodic replacement.
Be that the pottery of main component is called zirconia ceramics, density 5.6-5.9g/cm3, fusing point 2175 DEG C with zirconia, specific heat capacity and the coefficient of thermal conductivity of stable zirconia ceramics are little, good toughness, and chemical inertness is good, has resistance to acid and alkali resistance during high temperature.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 1, on the basis of embodiment 1, ceramic composites 1 described in the present embodiment is some tubular structure assemblies connected successively.
This structure further increases the bearing pressure of contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, and improves the elasticity of contact system, effectively improves the result of use of product, substantially prolongs the service life of product.
Embodiment 3:
On the basis of embodiment 2, the structure outside composite insulation rod described in the present embodiment: inside is the plug that chemical fiber bundle is formed, and outside face is insulating protective layer.
Wherein internal core rod can adopt epoxy glass steel core bar, and permissible stress is large, all can meet operating needs bearing in contact wire tension force, sag etc., and have larger margin of safety.Insulating protective layer adopts silicon rubber umbrella, resistance to pollution flashover voltage, not cracky.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 5, on the basis of embodiment 3, described in the present embodiment, ceramic composites 1 lower end is provided with the elongated slot under shed, and some ceramic composite steamboats 10 are fixed in elongated slot by anchor shaft 11, and the periphery of ceramic composite steamboat 10 forms the contact surface with carbon slipper.
By the setting of ceramic composite steamboat 10, the way of contact of carbon slipper and insulating slide is become friction of rolling by cliding friction, greatly reduce the damage rubbing and cause, improve the durability of insulating slide.
Embodiment 5:
On the basis of embodiment 3, insulating slide 3 described in the present embodiment is made up of the contact system sectionaliser insulating bar that more than two be arranged in parallel, described contact system sectionaliser insulating bar is provided with and contacts for pantograph the contact sliding surface 7 slided, described contact sliding surface 7 is provided with depressed part 8, as shown in Figure 3, the position on each contact system sectionaliser insulating bar set by depressed part 8 is interlaced.
In electric locomotive runs, during by rhombus section insulator, motorcycle pantograph uninterrupted contact on the contact sliding surface of insulating slide slides, with the contact sliding surface generation continuous print contact friction of insulating slide, friction can produce carbon dust and electrostatic, and the time has grown phenomenons such as then there will be carbon dust, adsorbing powder dust and grease attachment, thus affects the insulating power of rhombus section insulator complete machine, section insulator electrically through and dielectric tracking can be caused time serious, cause accident.
Straggly, the depressed part 8 be arranged alternately makes the contact sliding surface 7 on any contact system sectionaliser insulating bar of formation insulating slide 3 be discontinuous contact sliding surface, when making pantograph by insulating slide 3, can not with the contact sliding surface 7 uninterrupted contact friction of wherein any contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, depressed part 8 place of pantograph on contact sliding surface 7 disengages, and with other contact system sectionaliser insulating bar contact friction, reach contact system sectionaliser insulating bar not with the object of pantograph uninterrupted contact, solve and adsorb because uninterrupted contact friction produces carbon dust and grease etc. the problem causing insulating power to reduce, by depressed part 8 at least two discontinuous contact sliding surfaces 7 straggly, be arranged alternately, discontinuous contact sliding surface 7 is made to together constitute a contact sliding surface that can slide for pantograph uninterrupted contact, achieve quick, the smooth-going contact of pantograph to slide, avoid beating and touch, collide pantograph.
Embodiment 6:
On the basis of embodiment 4 or 5, described in the present embodiment, the structure of chute type rhombus section insulator also comprises starting rod 6, and be arranged at diamond structure transverse ends position, the part of being stretched out outside diamond structure by metal runners is formed.
Shackle side ground connection, under the abnormal condition that side is charged, when block of bow collector of electric locomotive is by wire segmentation point of intersection, starting rod 6 ensure that spark can not Damage to insulation element.
Embodiment 7:
As shown in Figure 4, on the basis of embodiment 4 or 5, described in the present embodiment, the structure of chute type rhombus section insulator also comprises C type arcing ring 9, is arranged at diamond structure transverse ends position, the feature that C type arcing ring 9 has rapid arc extinction, shortens discharge time, can better strengthen extinguishing arc effect.
Above embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all equivalent technical schemes also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. chute type rhombus section insulator, it is characterized in that: its structure comprises joint clamp (2), bridge insulator (5), metal runners (4) and insulating slide (3), wherein metal runners (4) and insulating slide (3) be respectively 2 and apart from one another by, form diamond structure, the two ends of diamond structure longitudinal direction are connected with joint clamp (2) respectively, be connected with the contact wire on driving route by joint clamp (2), the two ends of diamond structure transverse direction are connected with bridge insulator (5) respectively, described insulating slide (3) adopts contact system sectionaliser insulating bar, the structure of described contact system sectionaliser insulating bar comprises the composite insulation rod being arranged at inside, with the ceramic composites (1) being arranged at outside, wherein ceramic composites (1) is set in the outside face of composite insulation rod.
2. described chute type rhombus section insulator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ceramic composites (1) is some tubular structure assemblies connected successively.
3. described chute type rhombus section insulator according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the structure of described composite insulation rod: inside is the plug that chemical fiber bundle is formed, and outside face is insulating protective layer.
4. chute type rhombus section insulator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described ceramic composites (1) lower end is provided with the elongated slot under shed, some ceramic composite steamboats (10) are fixed in elongated slot by anchor shaft (11), and the periphery of ceramic composite steamboat (10) forms the contact surface with carbon slipper.
5. chute type rhombus section insulator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described insulating slide (3) is made up of the contact system sectionaliser insulating bar that more than two be arranged in parallel, described contact system sectionaliser insulating bar is provided with and contacts for pantograph the contact sliding surface (7) slided, described contact sliding surface (7) is provided with depressed part (8), and the position on each contact system sectionaliser insulating bar set by depressed part (8) is interlaced.
6. the chute type rhombus section insulator according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the structure of described chute type rhombus section insulator also comprises starting rod (6), be arranged at diamond structure transverse ends position, the part of being stretched out outside diamond structure by metal runners is formed.
7. the chute type rhombus section insulator according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that: the structure of described chute type rhombus section insulator also comprises C type arcing ring (9), is arranged at diamond structure transverse ends position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510600073.9A CN105128701A (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2015-09-18 | Sliding track type diamond section insulator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510600073.9A CN105128701A (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2015-09-18 | Sliding track type diamond section insulator |
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| CN105128701A true CN105128701A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510600073.9A Pending CN105128701A (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2015-09-18 | Sliding track type diamond section insulator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110303891A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-08 | 西南交通大学 | Self-lubricating modular metal roller block of bow collector of electric locomotive bow containing shock-damping structure |
| CN110525272A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-12-03 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of anti-arc section insulator |
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| CN203318189U (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-12-04 | 西安铁路科学技术研究发展有限责任公司 | Rhombic section insulator with discontinuous insulating slide way contact sliding faces |
| CN203415326U (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-01-29 | 常州市明丽机电有限公司 | Composite insulating rod |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB920289A (en) * | 1960-09-26 | 1963-03-06 | British Insulated Callenders | Improvements in or relating to section insulators for use in overhead conductors of electric traction systems |
| CN87207246U (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1988-03-09 | 华东交通大学 | Rhombus power supply section insulator |
| CN2265924Y (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1997-10-29 | 西安铁路分局西安工务机械厂 | Arc-resistant sectioned insulator |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110525272A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-12-03 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of anti-arc section insulator |
| CN110303891A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-08 | 西南交通大学 | Self-lubricating modular metal roller block of bow collector of electric locomotive bow containing shock-damping structure |
| CN110303891B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-05-28 | 西南交通大学 | Self-lubricating modularized metal roller electric locomotive pantograph head with damping structure |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |
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