CN105123591A - Living portunus trituberculatus transportation method - Google Patents
Living portunus trituberculatus transportation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123591A CN105123591A CN201510682611.3A CN201510682611A CN105123591A CN 105123591 A CN105123591 A CN 105123591A CN 201510682611 A CN201510682611 A CN 201510682611A CN 105123591 A CN105123591 A CN 105123591A
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- portunus trituberculatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a living portunus trituberculatus transportation method. When in transportation, the transportation ambient temperature is maintained constant after being adjusted to 10 DEG C. When in cooling, the temperature is lowered by 1 to 3 DEG C every time, a cooling interval time is 5 to 15 minutes, and the temperature is maintained constant after being lowered to 10 DEG C. The method is simple and convenient to operate, high in controllability and capable of greatly increasing the survival rate of the living portunus trituberculatus when in transportation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of living body transportation method of marine product, particularly a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources.
Background technology
Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultivates largest marine economy crab class in the world, but in transportation, lethality is too high governs its development speed.Therefore, when transporting after fishing for out from pond by swimming crab, how just to become very important by controlling each because usually reducing the lethality of swimming crab in transportation.
Existing scholar to how improving the survival rate of Portunus trituberculatus Miers in transportation is studied, propose the method that some improve, but not yet there is a whole set of complete method can obtain the generally approval of people, some documents delivered also have some to improve the example of survival rates, but are still a kind of challenges for improving Portunus trituberculatus Miers survival rate in transit better.
Transport at present for Portunus trituberculatus Miers is exactly mainly band water live transport or adds cryochem transport with vacuolar membrane case.Transportation, can again can not be excessive for the density of transport owing to transporting for long-distance a large amount of seawater and will inflating, and is that a kind of cost of transportation is high, the method that transport power is little.But be also must not unselected method in current live transport.Add with vacuolar membrane case the general using method that cryochem transport is also short distance fast transportation, but its main shortcoming is not suitable for long-distance transportation, and dead more than more than 6 hours major parts, poor durability.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for existing methodical deficiency, provides a kind of new Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, and its adopts physical method, can extend the time of live transport, obtains higher survival rate.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is realized by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, is characterized in: during transport, keeps constant temperature after transportation environment temperature is adjusted to 10 DEG C.
Above-described a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, preferred technical scheme is further: when lowering the temperature, and adopts and falls 1-3 DEG C, midfeather 5-15min, until keep constant temperature after being reduced to 10 DEG C at every turn.
Above-described a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, preferred technical scheme is further: when lowering the temperature, and adopts and falls 2 DEG C, midfeather 10min, until keep constant temperature after being reduced to 10 DEG C at every turn.
Above-described a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, preferred technical scheme is further: during transport, by transportation environment humid control at 80-90%.
Above-described a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, preferred technical scheme is further: before transport, first wrapped up by Portunus trituberculatus Miers with rubber band, put in plastic basin afterwards again; At bubble chamber or transport in compartment and put appropriate water, water temperature is 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, reduce water temperature with ice or refrigeration plant, then the plastic basin of putting Portunus trituberculatus Miers is put into the inside, at bubble chamber or transport and compartment has ventilation hole and breathe for Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Above-described a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, preferred technical scheme is further: described water temperature is 21 DEG C.
Above-described a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, further preferred technical scheme is: at bubble chamber or transport institute's water in compartment and account for bubble chamber or transport the 20-25% of compartment volume.
Below the development test that inventor does is further elaborated.
One, process of the test
1, best dormancy transport temperature
When testing, from storage pond, holding pond, fish for out the Portunus trituberculatus Miers (wherein, Portunus trituberculatus Miers is Stochastic choice) needed for experiment, method when complete simulation market is sold.First wrapped up with rubber band, put into plastic basin according to arrangement method during actual shipment more afterwards.Put the water of 1/5 at bubble chamber, water temperature is 21 DEG C, controls water temperature with ice, be reduced to the temperature needed for experiment, the plastic basin of putting Portunus trituberculatus Miers is put into the inside, the temperature under a period of time thermometer measure in bubble chamber, carrys out climate comfort by the rocks and hot water.Above bubble chamber, open an aperture, breathe for Portunus trituberculatus Miers.Transportation environment temperature is kept to be 80-90%.After experiment terminates, Portunus trituberculatus Miers under the resting state in plastic basin is taken out, puts in small-sized net cage, put it into again in the seawater under natural temperature and carry out resurrection hours, if Portunus trituberculatus Miers independently can make action afterwards, be then the crab that lives, otherwise think that it is dead.The temperature during experiment of this live transport in setting bubble chamber is 0 DEG C, 4 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 25 DEG C of these 6 thermogrades, each gradients place the dead number that 120 male crabs (each gradient establishes 4 bubble chambers, puts 30 male crabs in each bubble chamber) record 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h.Death toll quantitative statistics the results are shown in Table 1.
The dead quantity (only) of Portunus trituberculatus Miers under each dormancy transport temperature of table 1
Through calculating, obtain the lethality of Portunus trituberculatus Miers under each dormancy transport temperature, wherein the lethality of the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of these three time points of 24h, 36h and 48h is 100%, therefore lethality during 12h is depicted as histogram as Fig. 1.
2, best dormancy program
Experiment carries out under the prerequisite of best dormancy transport temperature.From experiment above, best dormancy transport temperature is 10 DEG C.Therefore, adopt different cooling process to be reduced to best dormancy transport temperature gradually by room temperature (20 DEG C), count the dead quantity of Portunus trituberculatus Miers after continuing 12h, and calculate its lethality.Death toll quantitative statistics the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 adopts the dead quantity of Portunus trituberculatus Miers after best cooling process
Can know through calculating: namely employing scheme one falls 2 DEG C at every turn, the lethality of midfeather 10min Portunus trituberculatus Miers is 40%; Namely employing scheme two falls 2 DEG C at every turn, and the lethality of midfeather 2h Portunus trituberculatus Miers is 93.3%; Namely employing scheme three falls 5 DEG C at every turn, and the lethality of midfeather 5h Portunus trituberculatus Miers is 83.3%.As can be seen from form above and result of calculation, adopt scheme one, the quantity of final dead Portunus trituberculatus Miers is minimum, and namely lethality is minimum.Therefore, in actual production transportation, also this scheme can be adopted.
Can obtain best hibernation temperature by test is above 10 DEG C, and best dormancy program is for fall 2 DEG C at every turn, and midfeather 10min does three groups of comparative trials again, observes its lethality respectively after 12h, 24h, 36h.
Lethality is added up after continuing 36h.
Often organize in bubble chamber and put 30 swimming crabs, study the lethality of swimming crab after 12h, 24h, 36h.Death toll quantitative statistics the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 adopts the dead quantity after suitable dormancy transport temperature and best dormancy program
Known through calculating, the lethality after 12h is 23.3%; Lethality after 24h is 93.3%; Lethality after 36h is 100%.Therefore, by this result and results contrast before, can find, after adopting the suitableeest hibernation temperature and best dormancy program, to compare additive method higher for the survival rate of Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
3, the suitableeest dormancy transport temperature that before employing, experimental study obtains and best cooling dormancy program, at identical conditions, test male crab and female crab simultaneously.Do for supplement one group more in addition, female crab, in the best cooling dormancy program borehole cooling to 4 DEG C (temperature adopted in actual production transportation), is added up its dead quantity, analyzes its lethality.The dead quantity obtained the results are shown in Table 4.
The male crab of table 4 and the dead quantity (only) of female crab
Through calculating, obtaining the lethality of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, and being depicted as polygram, as Fig. 2.
The above results is carried out data statistic analysis by STATISTICA5.5 statistical software, 2 × 2Table and Chi-square method in Nonparametrics/Distrib software is used to carry out difference analysis, obtaining the test of difference value of lethality, is that otherness is remarkable with P < 0.05.Be below the P value result of Chi-square Test:
The otherness of public crab between the lethality of 6h (P value): 0.6374 (6h and 12h) at 10 DEG C, 0.6836 (12h and 18h), 0.0588 (18h and 24h), 0.5688 (24h and 30h), 0.7773 (30h and 36h), 0.5688 (36h and 42h), 0.0588 (42h and 48h).
The otherness of female crab between the lethality of 6h (P value): 0.152 (6h and 12h) at 10 DEG C, 0.1489 (12h and 18h), 0.0657 (18h and 24h), 0.7576 (24h and 30h), 0.0874 (30h and 36h), 0.3821 (36h and 42h), 0.3334 (42h and 48h).
The otherness of female crab between the lethality of 6h: 0.1489 (6h and 12h) at 4 DEG C, 0.2214 (12h and 18h), 0.3334 (18h and 24h), 0.3821 (24h and 30h), 0.0449 (30h and 36h), 0.0206 (36h and 42h), 0.3124 (42h and 48h).
Otherness at one time between lower 10 DEG C of male crabs and the lethality of 10 DEG C of female crabs: 0.0756 (6h), 0.0384 (12h), 0.4475 (18h), 0.4168 (24h), 0.2918 (30h), 0.6048 (36h), 0.5921 (42h), 0.7387 (48h).
Otherness at one time between lower 10 DEG C of female crabs and the lethality of 4 DEG C of female crabs: 0.0960 (6h), 0.0756 (12h), 0.2781 (18h), 0.7814 (24h), 0.4257 (30h), 0.1004 (36h), 0.0027 (42h), 0.0098 (48h).
Statistical analysis finds: the lethality of 4 DEG C of female crab 36h and 42h, 10 DEG C of male crabs when 12h and the lethality of 10 DEG C of female crabs and when 42h and 48h the lethality of 10 DEG C of female crabs and 4 DEG C of female crabs reach significant difference level (P<0.05).In all the other situations, the equal difference of lethality is not significantly (P>0.05).
Compared with prior art, the inventive method is simple to operation, and controllability is strong, greatly can improve the survival rate of Portunus Trituberculatus transport.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When Fig. 1 is 12h under each dormancy transport temperature the lethality histogram of Portunus trituberculatus Miers;
Fig. 2 is the mortality curve figure of female crab at male crab and female crab and 4 DEG C at 10 DEG C.
Embodiment
Below further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not form the restriction to its right.
Embodiment 1 one kinds of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources: during transport, keep constant temperature after transportation environment temperature is adjusted to 10 DEG C.
Embodiment 2, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources described in embodiment 1: when lowering the temperature, adopting and falling 1 DEG C, midfeather 5min, until keep constant temperature after being reduced to 10 DEG C at every turn.
Embodiment 3, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources described in embodiment 1: when lowering the temperature, adopting and falling 3 DEG C, midfeather 15min, until keep constant temperature after being reduced to 10 DEG C at every turn.
Embodiment 4, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources described in embodiment 1: when lowering the temperature, adopting and falling 2 DEG C, midfeather 10min, until keep constant temperature after being reduced to 10 DEG C at every turn.
Embodiment 5, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources of embodiment 1-4 described in any one: during transport, by transportation environment humid control 80%.
Embodiment 6, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources of embodiment 1-4 described in any one: during transport, by transportation environment humid control 90%.
Embodiment 7, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources of embodiment 1-6 described in any one: before transport, first wrapped up by Portunus trituberculatus Miers with rubber band, put in plastic basin afterwards again; At bubble chamber or transport in compartment and put appropriate water, water temperature is 20 DEG C, reduces water temperature with ice or refrigeration plant, then the plastic basin of putting Portunus trituberculatus Miers is put into the inside, at bubble chamber or transport and compartment has ventilation hole breathe for Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Embodiment 8, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources described in embodiment 7: water temperature is 25 DEG C, at bubble chamber or transport institute's water in compartment and account for bubble chamber or transport 20% of compartment volume.
Embodiment 9, in a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources described in embodiment 7: water temperature is 21 DEG C, at bubble chamber or transport institute's water in compartment and account for bubble chamber or transport 25% of compartment volume.
Embodiment 10, a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, its step is as follows,
(1) the healthy live body of commercial specification Portunus trituberculatus Miers is obtained;
(2) wrapped up with rubber band, arrangement method when transporting again afterwards puts into plastic basin;
(3) put the water of 1/5 at bubble chamber, control water temperature with ice, fall 2 DEG C, midfeather 10min at every turn, until be reduced to 10 DEG C;
The plastic basin of putting Portunus trituberculatus Miers is put into the inside, and temperature under a period of time thermometer measure, regulates temperature by the rocks, keeps constant temperature 10 DEG C.
Claims (7)
1. a Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources, is characterized in that: during transport, keeps constant temperature after transportation environment temperature is adjusted to 10 DEG C.
2. a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when lowering the temperature, and adopts and falls 1-3 DEG C, midfeather 5-15min, until keep constant temperature after being reduced to 10 DEG C at every turn.
3. a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources according to claim 2, is characterized in that: when lowering the temperature, and adopts and falls 2 DEG C, midfeather 10min, until keep constant temperature after being reduced to 10 DEG C at every turn.
4. a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources according to claim 1, is characterized in that: during transport, by transportation environment humid control at 80-90%.
5. a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that: before transport, is first wrapped up by Portunus trituberculatus Miers with rubber band, put in plastic basin afterwards again; At bubble chamber or transport in compartment and put appropriate water, water temperature is 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, reduce water temperature with ice or refrigeration plant, then the plastic basin of putting Portunus trituberculatus Miers is put into the inside, at bubble chamber or transport and compartment has ventilation hole and breathe for Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
6. a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described water temperature is 21 DEG C.
7. a kind of Portunus Trituberculatus transportation resources according to claim 5, is characterized in that: at bubble chamber or transport institute's water in compartment and account for bubble chamber or transport the 20-25% of compartment volume.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106804516A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-06-09 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method for improving the black crab long-distance transport survival rate of Burma |
| CN108575839A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-28 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A method of transporting juvenile crab using the compound bud bed dry method of wheat-rye grass |
| CN110150212A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-08-23 | 天津农学院 | It is a kind of reduce Portunus trituberculatus Miers injury of fighting transportation resources and device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106804516A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-06-09 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method for improving the black crab long-distance transport survival rate of Burma |
| CN108575839A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-28 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A method of transporting juvenile crab using the compound bud bed dry method of wheat-rye grass |
| CN110150212A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-08-23 | 天津农学院 | It is a kind of reduce Portunus trituberculatus Miers injury of fighting transportation resources and device |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |