CN105114051A - Underground coal gasification furnace and method - Google Patents
Underground coal gasification furnace and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105114051A CN105114051A CN201510425445.9A CN201510425445A CN105114051A CN 105114051 A CN105114051 A CN 105114051A CN 201510425445 A CN201510425445 A CN 201510425445A CN 105114051 A CN105114051 A CN 105114051A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an underground coal gasification furnace and method. The furnace is built with a plurality of mutually parallel directionally-drilled wells and a vertical well, wherein the tail ends of the directionally-drilled wells are communicated with the vertical well, the directionally-drilled wells are arranged sequentially along the same side of the vertical well, the vertical well is axially provided with a plurality of side holes, and the side holes are located in connections of the directionally-drilled wells with the vertical well. A bottom-up gasification manner adopted for super-thick seams is high in gasification efficiency and makes effective use of heat, and gasification efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground coal gasification(UCG) production technique field, refer in particular to a kind of coal underground gasifying furnace and gasification process.
Background technology
Coal underground gasification technology mainly refers to that the solid fuels such as coal, coke or semicoke react with gasifying agent under high-temperature pressure or pressurized conditions, is converted into the process of gaseous product or a small amount of residue.Described gasifying agent is steam, air (or oxygen) or their gaseous mixture mainly.Coal gasification processes can be used for producing fuel gas, as industrial kiln gas or town gas, also can be used for manufacturing gaseous mixture, as the raw material of synthetic ammonia, synthesizing methanol and synthetic liquid fuel, therefore coal gasification is one of important technology of Coal Chemical Industry.
Coal underground gasifying furnace usually by air inlet well, gasification tunnel, go out gas well etc. and form, after described air inlet bottom is lighted a fire, from described air inlet well injected gas agent, in gasification tunnel, with coal seam, various chemical reaction occurs, the coal gas of generation is along gasification tunnel and go out gas well and be delivered to ground.And the channel shape that the purposes of underground gasification type of furnace when referring to the type of underground gasification boring used, mutual alignment, gasification and boot sequence etc. are formed.Current gasification furnace has developed into numerous boring and has been combined into various types of underground gasification furnace by the trend and combustion zone trend etc. of air-flow when drilling kind (Vertical Well, horizontal directional drilling), the spacing of wells, gasification, gas yield, the stability of gasification, the recovery ratio in coal seam can be improved exponentially, and effectively can reduce the risk of underground water invasion, roof collapse, heat waste etc., therefore, the type of furnace that gasifies is one of key factor determining gasification success or failure.
Existing Chinese patent (CN104594873A) discloses a kind of coal underground gasifying furnace and gasification process, as shown in Figure 1, comprise top board 1, be positioned at coal seam 2 below top board, through enter after top board coal seam air inlet 3, through enter after top board coal seam venthole 4, general in level be positioned at coal seam and be communicated with air inlet inlet channel 5 and be positioned at inlet channel vertical direction outlet passageway 6 and through entering coal seam after top board and being communicated with the fire hole 7 of inlet, outlet passage.Although above-mentioned technology avoids outlet passageway blocking, the continuity gasified can be ensured, but still there is following defect: the high temperature of described outlet passageway 6 directly acts on roof 1, thus easily causes the risk of top board temperature distortion, inbreak, affect the normal operation of gasification furnace; Moreover have certain limitation during the gasification of this type of furnace, be only applicable to the coal seam of coal seam thickness within the scope of 15 meters, when adopting this type of furnace to gasify for ultra-thick coal bed, the wasting of resources is comparatively serious, and the rate of extraction is low, less economical.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, even if technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the low and problems such as the easy inbreak of roof of gasification efficiency in prior art thus provides a kind of gasification for ultra-thick coal bed, underground coal gasification furnace and the gasification process of gasification stability and gasification efficiency also can be improved.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, comprise roof and be positioned at the seat earth below described roof, coal seam is provided with between described roof and described seat earth, in described coal seam, multiple directed drilling is provided with through described roof, on described seat earth, a peupendicular hole is provided with through described roof and described coal seam, end and the described peupendicular hole of each directed drilling wherein said are interconnected, multiple directed drilling is arranged along described peupendicular hole homonymy successively order, described peupendicular hole is provided with multiple side opening vertically, and described side opening is positioned at the junction of described directed drilling and described peupendicular hole.
In one embodiment of the invention, the one-sided of described peupendicular hole is respectively equipped with multiple directed drilling, and the vertical section of each directed drilling extends arrangement to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively along this side of described peupendicular hole, and the horizontal segment of each directed drilling described is parallel to each other.
In one embodiment of the invention, the both sides of described peupendicular hole are equipped with multiple directed drilling, and in the same side of described peupendicular hole, the vertical section of each directed drilling extends arrangement to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively.
In one embodiment of the invention, the horizontal segment of a directed drilling of any side of described peupendicular hole is communicated by described side opening with the horizontal segment of the directed drilling in same level of described peupendicular hole opposite side.
The invention also discloses a kind of method utilizing above-mentioned underground coal gasification furnace gasification subterranean coal described in any one, comprise the steps: step S1: the side opening opening adjacent two directed drillings and described peupendicular hole junction in burning group; Step S2: the directed drilling described burning group in the vertical direction being in below is lighted a fire, and reverse gasification coal seam, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the directed drilling above described burning group; Step S3: as the continuous 48 hours decline 15%-25% of coal gas active principle content sum, opens in the burning group adjacent with described burning group and is in the directed drilling of below and the side opening of described peupendicular hole junction; Step S4: continue coal combustion until complete the gasification of described burning group, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the directed drilling below adjacent burning group; Step S5: the burned out area that the burning group gasified is formed is carried out filling and reinforced.
In one embodiment of the invention, gasify in the coal seam between described peupendicular hole side arbitrary neighborhood two directed drillings and the coal seam of described peupendicular hole opposite side between adjacent two directed drillings of same level simultaneously.
In one embodiment of the invention, in described step S2, be by transferring the gas injection device that gas injection end has an ignition function carry out passage igniting to described being in the directed drilling of lower position to the directed drilling igniting being in lower position in described burning group.
In one embodiment of the invention, in described step S4, when continuing coal combustion, if burning flame range to extend in described burning group the directed drilling of below enter coal point time, the gasification of described burning group completes.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, during described directed drilling construction, under the horizontal channel of described directed drilling, enter suspension device.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, after coal seam gasification between the burning group that described horizontal segment distance roof is nearest and seat earth completes, the coal seam between burning group nearest for horizontal segment distance roof and roof is continued to gasify, its step is as follows: first, opens the first side opening of the nearest burning group of described horizontal segment distance roof and described peupendicular hole junction; Then, the directed drilling in the burning group nearest to horizontal segment distance roof below vertical direction is positioned at is lighted a fire and carries out reverse gasification, makes the coal gas of production be delivered to ground gaspipe network by the directed drilling being arranged in top; Finally, the burned out area that nearest to the horizontal segment distance roof gasified burning group is formed carries out filling and reinforces.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
Underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention and gasification process, many the directed drillings be parallel to each other and a peupendicular hole is adopted to build gasification furnace, successively adjacent two directed drillings are progressively gasified as burning group to coal seam, directed drilling air inlet below described burning group, coal gas of high temperature is exported by the outlet passageway in the directed drilling of burning group inner upper and adjacent burning group, by heat delivery to coal seam to be gasified, treat the fresh coal seam of gasification and carry out preheating, thus take full advantage of the energy, improve gasification efficiency; And can realize, by the parallel running simultaneously of two row gasification furnaces, increasing substantially gasification efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the floor map of existing described coal underground gasifying furnace;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of underground coal gasification furnace described in embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the floor map of underground coal gasification furnace described in embodiment two of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 2, present embodiments provide a kind of underground coal gasification furnace, comprise roof 11 and be positioned at the seat earth 13 below described roof, coal seam 12 is provided with between described roof 11 and described seat earth 13, in described coal seam 12, multiple directed drilling 14 is provided with through described roof 11, a peupendicular hole 15 is provided with to described seat earth 13 extension through described roof 11 and described coal seam 12, end and the described peupendicular hole 15 of each directed drilling 14 wherein said are interconnected, side along described peupendicular hole 15 sequentially arranges multiple directed drilling 14 successively, described peupendicular hole 15 is provided with multiple side opening 16 vertically, and described side opening is positioned at the junction of described directed drilling 14 and described peupendicular hole 15.
This implements described underground coal gasification furnace, comprise roof 11, seat earth 13 below described roof and the coal seam 12 between described roof 11 and described seat earth 13, in described coal seam 12, multiple directed drilling 14 is provided with through described roof 11, a peupendicular hole 15 is provided with to described seat earth 13 extension through described roof 11 and described coal seam 12, side along described peupendicular hole 15 sequentially arranges multiple directed drilling 14 successively, adopt the type of furnace described in the present embodiment, the speed not only building the type of furnace is fast, cost is low, and a composition burning group in adjacent two directed drillings of order, in described burning group, a directed drilling is as inlet channel, a directed drilling is as outlet passageway, burning coal layer piecemeal can be realized, be conducive to gasifying to ultra-thick coal bed, and the present invention adopts reverse gasification to coal seam, coal gas transfers in the outlet passageway of top by the inlet channel of the group lower inside that burns, the delivered heat that coal combustion is produced is to the coal seam of top, preheating has been carried out to the fresh coal seam of top, be conducive to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improve gasification efficiency, particularly, as the first directed drilling 14A, the second directed drilling 14B, the 3rd directed drilling 14C ... 6th directed drilling 14F, end and the described peupendicular hole 15 of each directed drilling 14 described are interconnected, thus make described peupendicular hole 15 be mainly used in connecting inlet channel and outlet passageway, also can as subsequent use go out gas well, described peupendicular hole 15 is provided with multiple side opening 16 vertically, described side opening is positioned at the junction of described directed drilling 14 and described peupendicular hole 15, inlet channel and outlet passageway is controlled by the keying of each side opening 16, thus be beneficial to the burning in Discrete control coal seam, improve the combustion rate in coal seam, particularly, described side opening comprises: first the side opening 16A being positioned at the junction of described first directed drilling 14A and described peupendicular hole 15, second side opening 16B of the junction of described second directed drilling 14B and described peupendicular hole 15, be positioned at the 3rd side opening 16C of the junction of described 3rd directed drilling 14C and described peupendicular hole 15 be positioned at the 6th side opening 16F of the junction of described 6th directed drilling 14F and described peupendicular hole 15, coal gas can be made to transfer to peupendicular hole 15 from inlet channel by the setting of described side opening 16, by described peupendicular hole 15, coal gas is transferred in outlet passageway again, the delivered heat that coal combustion is produced is to the coal seam of top, preheating has been carried out to the fresh coal seam of top, not only be conducive to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improve gasification efficiency, and take full advantage of heat energy, effectively prevent ultra-thick coal bed and adopt the wasting of resources caused during traditional gasification furnace gas.
When illustrating coal seam gasification below, how to ensure that coal gas transfers in outlet passageway by inlet channel through described peupendicular hole 15 smoothly:
Using directed drilling adjacent for order two as a burning group, particularly, using the first directed drilling 14A and the second directed drilling 14B as the first burning group 141, using the 3rd directed drilling 14C and the 4th directed drilling 14D as the second burning group 142, using the 5th directed drilling 14D and the 6th directed drilling 14E as the 3rd burning group 143, during coal seam as the 3rd burning group 143 as described in gasifying, using described 6th directed drilling 14F as inlet channel, using described 5th directed drilling 14E as outlet passageway, now, open the 5th side opening 16E and a 6th side opening 16F, close other side opening and peupendicular hole 15 simultaneously, the coal gas produced in coal seam gasification process flows in peupendicular hole 15 by described 6th side opening 16F, described 5th side opening 16E is transferred to again by described peupendicular hole 15, coal gas flows in described 5th directed drilling 14E by described 5th side opening 16E again, finally be delivered in the gaspipe network of ground, thus the delivered heat making coal combustion produce is to the coal seam of top, preheating has been carried out to the fresh coal seam of top, due to during coal combustion generally through super-dry, destructive distillation, burning is until complete gasification, the heat produced during the coal combustion of below burning group can make the fresh coal seam of top that chemical reaction occurs, become destructive distillation state, thus accelerate the gasification in fresh coal seam, effectively improve gasification efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the one-sided of described peupendicular hole 15 is respectively equipped with multiple directed drilling 14, along described coal seam 12 vertical direction in distributing up and down, and the vertical section of each directed drilling 14 along described peupendicular hole 15 this side successively to away from peupendicular hole direction extend arrangement, wherein, first directed drilling 14A is positioned at inside track, and horizontal range and described peupendicular hole 15 nearest, 6th directed drilling 14F is positioned at outside track, and horizontal range and described peupendicular hole 15 are farthest, the vertically intersegmental horizontal range scope of adjacent directed drilling is 5m-20m, and the horizontal segment of each directed drilling 14 described is parallel to each other, vertical interval between adjacent directional well horizontal segment is 1.5-2 times of burned out area height after coal combustion, thus be conducive to the transmission of coal gas at inlet channel and outlet passageway, the gasification efficiency in effective raising coal seam.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal segment of described directed drilling 14 is general in level in described coal seam 12, be upper and lower parallel distribution along described coal seam 12 vertical direction, the horizontal segment of described first directed drilling 14A is near described roof 11, and the horizontal segment of described 6th directed drilling 14F is near described seat earth 13.Described multiple directed drilling 14 generally linearly distributes on ground, and the first directed drilling 14A to the 6th directed drilling 14F is successively to external expansion, and described first directed drilling 14A is positioned at inside the track of described 6th directed drilling 14F.
In described burning group two directed drillings 14 horizontal segment between vertical interval 6m, between the directional well horizontal segment in described burning group, vertical interval equals the height of burned out area after coal combustion, horizontal segment spacing between adjacent burning group is 9m, and between adjacent burning group between adjacent two directional well horizontal segments vertical interval be 1.5 times of burned out area height after coal combustion, described in the coal seam that 55m is thick first directed drilling 14A horizontal segment distance roof 11 below about 4 meters of.
Be caving in order to avoid front coal seam of gasifying and cause blocking directional hole passage, horizontal segment to described directed drilling 14 during directional drilling construction enters suspension device all down, the clad pipe that described suspension device can be cast iron floral tube, combustible material makes or glass reinforced plastic pipe, in order to accelerate the burning in coal seam, inlet channel in described burning group transfers cast iron floral tube, and outlet passageway transfers glass reinforced plastic pipe.
In order to avoid when burning group in top gasifies, being caving or gas leak phenomenon appears in coal seam, the burned out area of the burning group formation that reply exploitation is complete carries out filling and reinforces, and builds artificial seat earth, thus ensures the stability of ultra-thick coal bed gasification.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment two is the distortion on embodiment one basis, in order to improve the gasification in coal seam, the present embodiment adopts and is respectively equipped with multiple directed drilling in the both sides of described peupendicular hole, two type of furnaces arranged side by side are formed thus the gasification efficiency significantly improving coal seam, the following detailed description of described underground coal gasification furnace by sharing described peupendicular hole:
As shown in Figure 3, the both sides of described peupendicular hole 15 are respectively equipped with multiple directed drilling 14, in the same side of described peupendicular hole 15, the vertical section of each directed drilling extends arrangement to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively, particularly, the both sides of described peupendicular hole 15 are equipped with multiple directed drilling 14, wherein, first directed drilling 14A is distributed in the side of described peupendicular hole 15 to the 6th directed drilling 14F, 7th directed drilling 14G is distributed in the opposite side of described peupendicular hole 15 to the 12 directed drilling 14L, this enforcement forms two type of furnaces arranged side by side respectively by sharing described peupendicular hole 15, the speed not only building the type of furnace is fast, cost is low, and the parallel running simultaneously of the two row type of furnaces can be realized, moreover, during coal seam gasification, gasify in the coal seam of described peupendicular hole 15 both sides same level simultaneously, thus the burning in coal seam can be accelerated, increase substantially gasification efficiency.
Described peupendicular hole 15 is provided with multiple side opening 16 vertically, inlet channel and outlet passageway is controlled by the keying of each side opening 16, thus be beneficial to the burning in Discrete control coal seam, improve the combustion rate in coal seam, any one side opening 16 is arranged on the junction of described directed drilling 14 and described peupendicular hole 15, particularly, first side opening 16A is provided with in the side of described peupendicular hole 15, second side opening 16B, 3rd side opening 16C, 4th side opening 16D, 5th side opening 16E and a 6th side opening 16F, the 7th side opening 16G is provided with in the opposite side of described peupendicular hole 15, 8th side opening 16H, 9th side opening 16I, tenth side opening 16J, 11 side opening 16K and a 12 side opening 16L, the delivered heat that coal combustion can be made to produce by described side opening 16 is to the coal seam of top, preheating has been carried out to the fresh coal seam of top, not only be conducive to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improve gasification efficiency, and take full advantage of the energy, effectively prevent ultra-thick coal bed and adopt the wasting of resources caused during traditional gasification furnace gas.
In the present embodiment, in order to improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam, the horizontal segment of each directed drilling of described peupendicular hole 15 the same side is parallel to each other, and the horizontal segment of a directed drilling of any side of described peupendicular hole 15 and the horizontal segment of the corresponding directed drilling of described peupendicular hole 15 opposite side are in same level, particularly, as the first directed drilling 14A and as described in the 7th directed drilling 14G in same level, second directed drilling 14B and described 8th directed drilling 14H is in same level, order successively, described 6th directed drilling 14F and described 12 directed drilling 14L is in same level, during gasification coal seam, the two row type of furnaces are lighted a fire operation simultaneously, accelerate the burning in coal seam, gasification efficiency is increased substantially.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal segment of described directed drilling 14 is general in level in described coal seam 12, first directed drilling 14A to the 6th directed drilling 14F and the 7th directed drilling 14G to the 12 directed drilling 14L is all upper and lower parallel distribution along described coal seam 12 vertical direction, and the first directed drilling 14A and described 7th directed drilling 14G, second directed drilling 14B and described 8th directed drilling 14H, 3rd directed drilling 14C and described 9th directed drilling 14I, 4th directed drilling 14D and described tenth directed drilling 14J, 5th directed drilling 14E and described 11 directed drilling 14K, the horizontal segment end of the 6th directed drilling 14F and described 12 directed drilling 14L intersects at described peupendicular hole 15 successively.The horizontal segment of described first directed drilling 14A and the 7th directed drilling 14G is near described roof 11, and the horizontal segment of described 6th directed drilling 14F and the 12 directed drilling 14L is near described seat earth 13.Described first directed drilling 14A generally linearly distributes to described 6th directed drilling 14F, described 7th directed drilling 14G to described 12 directed drilling 14L on ground, in the side of described peupendicular hole 15, by described first directed drilling 14A to described 6th directed drilling 14F successively to external expansion, described first directed drilling 14A is positioned at inside the track of described 6th directed drilling 14F; At the opposite side of described peupendicular hole 15, by described 7th directed drilling 14F to described 12 directed drilling 14L successively to external expansion, described 7th directed drilling 14G is positioned at inside the track of described 12 directed drilling 14L, described the same of peupendicular hole 15 stresses, the horizontal range of adjacent directed drilling is 5m, and described in the coal seam that 40m is thick, the horizontal segment of the first directed drilling 14A and the 7th directed drilling 14G is apart from about 3.5 meters of below roof 11.
In the present embodiment, described first directed drilling and the second directed drilling are as the first burning group 141, using the 3rd directed drilling 14C and the 4th directed drilling 14D as the second burning group 142, using the 5th directed drilling 14D and the 6th directed drilling 14E as the 3rd burning group 143, using the 7th directed drilling 14G and the 8th directed drilling 14H as the 4th burning group 144, using the 9th directed drilling 14I and the tenth directed drilling 14J as the 5th burning group 145, using the 11 directed drilling 14K and the 12 directed drilling 14L as the 6th burning group 146, vertical interval 6m between the directional well horizontal segment of described each burning group inside, the horizontal segment spacing 9m of two adjacent directed drillings between adjacent burning group.
No matter embodiment one or embodiment two, the number of directed drilling 14 of the present invention sets according to the thickness in coal seam 12, the horizontal segment of the directed drilling that described horizontal segment distance seat earth 13 is nearest is positioned at 0-0.5 rice on described seat earth 13, specifically can determine according to the geologic property below described coal seam 12, if below coal seam 12 be mud stone or soft mudstone, the nearest directed drilling horizontal segment preferential position of described horizontal segment distance seat earth 13 is located at 0.5 meter of on described seat earth 13, if be hard rock stratum below described coal seam 12, the nearest directed drilling horizontal segment of described horizontal segment distance seat earth 13 can be positioned at the bottom in coal seam 12.The horizontal segment of the directed drilling that described horizontal segment distance roof 11 is nearest is positioned at 3-10 rice below roof 12.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment provides a kind of coal underground gasification method, and utilize the underground coal gasification furnace gasification subterranean coal described in embodiment one, concrete steps are as follows:
Step S1: open described 5th side opening 16E and a 6th side opening 16F; Step S2: the 6th directed drilling 14F in described 3rd burning group 143 is lighted a fire, and reverse gasification coal seam, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 5th directed drilling 14E in described 3rd burning group 143; Step S3: continue to burn to the coal seam of described 3rd burning group 143, when the decline 25% in continuous 48 hours of coal gas active principle content sum, opens the 4th side opening 16D; Step S4: continue coal combustion until complete the gasification of described 3rd burning group 143, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 4th directed drilling 14D in the second burning group 142; Step S5: the burned out area that the described 3rd burning group 143 gasified is formed is carried out filling and reinforced; Step S6: open other side opening successively and sequentially pass through adjacent burning group to coal seam gasification, until all gasify in described coal seam, and the burned out area that the burning group after completing each gasification is formed carries out filling and reinforces.
Coal underground gasification method described in the present embodiment, described coal seam 12 in the vertical direction is from bottom to top progressively gasified, two adjacent directed drillings of order are gasified as a burning group to coal seam air inlet, comprise and the coal seam between the horizontal segment nearest burning group of distance roof and seat earth 13 progressively gasified and is gasified in the coal seam between the nearest burning group of horizontal segment distance roof and roof 11, wherein, in the step progressively gasified in coal seam between the burning group nearest to horizontal segment distance roof and seat earth 13, in described step S2, below in the 6th directed drilling 14F in described 3rd burning group 143 is had to the gas injection device of ignition function, after igniting, reverse gasification coal seam is carried out from described gas injection device input gasifying agent, the coal gas that burning produces enters described peupendicular hole 15 by the 6th side opening 16F, transfer in described 5th directed drilling 14E by described peupendicular hole 15 through described 5th side opening 16E again, final coal gas is delivered to ground gaspipe network by described 5th directed drilling 14E, in described step S3, along with the carrying out of gasification reaction, burned out area constantly expands, and when monitoring out the decline 20% in continuous 48 hours of coal gas active principle content sum, opens the 4th side opening 16D, in described step S4, continue coal combustion until flame range retreat to described 6th directed drilling 14F enter coal point time complete gasification to described 3rd burning group 143, now the coal seam of described 3rd burning group 143 completes gasification, the coal gas produced transfers in described peupendicular hole 15 by described 5th side opening 16E, transfer in the 4th directed drilling 14D of described second burning group 142 by described peupendicular hole 15 through described 4th side opening 14D again, coal gas is delivered to ground gaspipe network by described 4th directed drilling 14D, in described step S5, the burned out area that the described 3rd burning group 143 gasified is formed is carried out filling and reinforced, in described step S6, open other side opening successively and sequentially pass through adjacent burning group to coal seam gasification, until all gasify in described coal seam, and the burned out area that the burning group after completing each gasification is formed carries out filling and reinforces, particularly, open described 3rd side opening 16C and described 4th side opening 16D, the 4th directed drilling 14D in described second burning group 142 is lighted a fire, and reverse gasification coal seam, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 3rd directed drilling 14C in described burning group 142, continue to burn to the coal seam of described second burning group 142, when the decline 20% in continuous 48 hours of coal gas active principle content sum, open second side opening 16B, continue coal combustion until complete the coal seam gasification of described second burning group 142, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the second directed drilling 14B in the first burning group 141, the burned out area that described second burning group 142 after having gasified is formed is carried out filling and reinforced.The step gasified in coal seam between the burning group nearest to horizontal segment distance roof and roof 11 is as follows: first open described second side opening 16B and first side opening 16A; Then, the second directed drilling 14B in described first burning group 141 is lighted a fire, and reverse gasification coal seam is until described first burning group 141 has gasified, the coal gas that burning produces has been delivered to ground gaspipe network by the first directed drilling 14A in described first burning group 141; Finally the burned out area that the described first burning group 141 gasified is formed is carried out filling and reinforced.
In the present embodiment, during to directed drilling as inlet channel, below in described directed drilling is had to the gas injection device of ignition function, described gas injection device front end and side opening distance are about 10 meters and light a fire, the injection rate that ignition process controls gasifying agent stablizes burning things which may cause a fire disaster to be formed, general selection air is as gasifying agent, the preferred 200-500 of gasifying agent flow cube m/h, and reverse gasification controls injected gas agent flow and oxygen concentration well, the preferred 2000-3000 of gasifying agent flow cube m/h, the preferred 50%-70% of oxygen concentration.
In the present embodiment, during described any one burning group gasification, owing to adopting reverse gasification to coal seam, coal gas transfers in the outlet passageway of top by the inlet channel of the group lower inside that burns, the delivered heat that coal combustion is produced is to the coal seam of top, preheating is carried out to the fresh coal seam of top, has been conducive to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improved gasification efficiency; In addition, time progressively gasification in coal seam between described first burning group 141 and seat earth 13, coal gas meeting fractional transmission is in the outlet passageway of adjacent burning group, the delivered heat that coal combustion is produced is to the coal seam of top, preheating is carried out to the fresh coal seam of top, has not only been conducive to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improved gasification efficiency, and take full advantage of heat energy, effectively prevent ultra-thick coal bed and adopt the wasting of resources caused during traditional gasification furnace gas.
During this enforcement gasification, moved after air injection pipe by the towing device on ground, carry out the gasification in next section of coal seam, when obviously declining again after the rising of active principle content, steadily a period of time in coal gas, decant(-ation) device of air again, until burning flame range extend to inlet channel enter near coal point, because gasification face adopts retrusive gasification mode, effectively prevent the impact of gasification cavity expansion on gas quality, wherein said enter coal point refer to position, somewhere in inlet channel on inclination section.
The present invention is directed to ultra-thick coal bed employing gasification mode from bottom to top, carry out filling to the complete burned out area of exploitation and reinforce, by building artificial base plate, effectively prevent being caving of superjacent, ensure that the stability of ultra-thick coal bed gasification.
Embodiment four:
The present embodiment provides a kind of coal underground gasification method, utilize the underground coal gasification furnace gasification subterranean coal described in embodiment two, be with the difference of embodiment three: the present embodiment is when gasifying coal seam, progressively gasify in the coal seam be positioned in the same level of described peupendicular hole 15 both sides simultaneously, thus effectively improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam, concrete steps are as follows:
Step S1: open the 5th side opening 16E, the 6th side opening 16F and a 11 side opening 16K, the 12 side opening 16L; Step S2: the 6th directed drilling 14F in described 3rd burning group 143 is lighted a fire, the coal gas of production is made to be delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 5th directed drilling 14E, the 12 directed drilling 14L in described burning group 146 is lighted a fire simultaneously, make the coal gas of production be delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 11 directed drilling 14K; Step S3: continue to burn to the coal seam of described 3rd burning group 143 and described 6th burning group 146, when the decline 15% in continuous 48 hours of coal gas active principle content sum, opens the 4th side opening 16D and a tenth side opening 16J; Step S4: continue coal combustion until complete the gasification of described 3rd burning group 143 and described 6th burning group 146, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 4th directed drilling 14D in the second burning group 142 and is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the tenth directed drilling 14J in the 5th burning group 145; Step S5: the burned out area that the described 3rd burning group 143 gasified and described 6th burning group 146 are formed is carried out filling and reinforced; Step S6: open other side opening successively and sequentially pass through adjacent burning group to the coal seam gasification of same level, until progressively gasified in the coal seam between described first burning group 141 and seat earth 13 and the coal seam between described 4th burning group 144 and seat earth 13 simultaneously; Step S7: open described first side opening 16A and described second side opening 16B and the 7th side opening 16G and the 8th side opening 16H; Step S8: the second directed drilling 14B in described first burning group 141 is lighted a fire, and reverse gasification coal seam is until described first burning group 141 has gasified, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the first directed drilling 14A in described first burning group 141, the 8th directed drilling 14H in described 4th burning group 144 is lighted a fire simultaneously, and reverse gasification coal seam is until described 4th burning group 144 has gasified, the coal gas that burning produces has been delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 7th directed drilling 14G in described 4th burning group 144; Step S9: the burned out area that the described first burning group 141 gasified and described 4th burning group 144 are formed is carried out filling and reinforced.
Coal underground gasification method described in the present embodiment, gasify in coal seam between described peupendicular hole 15 side arbitrary neighborhood two directed drillings and the coal seam of described peupendicular hole 15 opposite side between adjacent two directed drillings of same level simultaneously, progressively gasified to upper end by lower end at vertical direction in coal seam, realize the parallel running simultaneously of two row gasification furnaces, can not ensure that the stability of ultra-thick coal bed gasification, and gasification efficiency increases substantially.
To sum up, above technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, comprise roof, seat earth, multiple directed drilling and a peupendicular hole, side wherein along described peupendicular hole sequentially arranges multiple directed drilling successively, adjacent two directed drillings of order form a burning group, in described burning group, a directed drilling is as inlet channel, a directed drilling is as outlet passageway, burning coal layer piecemeal can be realized, be conducive to gasifying to ultra-thick coal bed, end and the described peupendicular hole of each directed drilling described are interconnected, described peupendicular hole is provided with multiple side opening vertically, described side opening is positioned at the junction of described directed drilling and described peupendicular hole, inlet channel and outlet passageway is controlled by the keying of each side opening, thus be beneficial to the burning in Discrete control coal seam, improve the combustion rate in coal seam, the delivered heat that coal combustion is produced is to the coal seam of top, preheating has been carried out to the fresh coal seam of top, not only be conducive to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improve gasification efficiency, and take full advantage of heat energy, effectively prevent ultra-thick coal bed and adopt the wasting of resources caused during traditional gasification furnace gas.
2. underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, the one-sided of described peupendicular hole is respectively equipped with multiple directed drilling, along described coal seam vertical direction in distributing up and down, and the vertical section of each directed drilling along described peupendicular hole this side successively to away from peupendicular hole direction extend arrangement, the horizontal segment of each directed drilling described is parallel to each other, thus be conducive to the transmission of coal gas at inlet channel and outlet passageway, effectively improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam.
3. underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, the both sides of described peupendicular hole are respectively equipped with multiple directed drilling, form two type of furnaces arranged side by side respectively by sharing described peupendicular hole, this enforcements not only builds the speed of the type of furnace soon, and cost is low, and the parallel running simultaneously of the two row type of furnaces can be realized, moreover during coal seam gasification, gasify in the coal seam of described peupendicular hole both sides same level simultaneously, thus the burning in coal seam can be accelerated, increase substantially gasification efficiency.
4. coal underground gasification method of the present invention, described coal seam in the vertical direction is from bottom to top progressively gasified, comprise and the coal seam between the first burning group and seat earth progressively to be gasified and by the coal seam gasification between the first burning group and roof, carry out filling to the complete burned out area of exploitation and reinforce, build artificial base plate, effectively prevent being caving of coal seam, top, ensure that the stability of ultra-thick coal bed gasification.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a underground coal gasification furnace, comprise roof and be positioned at the seat earth below described roof, coal seam is provided with between described roof and described seat earth, in described coal seam, multiple directed drilling is provided with through described roof, on described seat earth, a peupendicular hole is provided with through described roof and described coal seam, end and the described peupendicular hole of each directed drilling wherein said are interconnected, it is characterized in that: arrange multiple directed drilling along described peupendicular hole homonymy successively order, described peupendicular hole is provided with multiple side opening vertically, and described side opening is positioned at the junction of described directed drilling and described peupendicular hole.
2. underground coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the one-sided of described peupendicular hole is respectively equipped with multiple directed drilling, and the vertical section of each directed drilling extends arrangement to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively along this side of described peupendicular hole, and the horizontal segment of each directed drilling described is parallel to each other.
3. underground coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the both sides of described peupendicular hole are equipped with multiple directed drilling, and in the same side of described peupendicular hole, the vertical section of each directed drilling extends arrangement to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively.
4. underground coal gasification furnace according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the horizontal segment of a directed drilling of any side of described peupendicular hole is communicated by described side opening with the horizontal segment of the directed drilling in same level of described peupendicular hole opposite side.
5. one kind utilizes the method for the underground coal gasification furnace gasification subterranean coal in claim 1-4 described in any one, it is characterized in that: successively order using adjacent two directed drillings as burning group, progressively gasify in coal seam between the burning group nearest to horizontal segment distance roof and seat earth, its step is as follows:
Step S1: the side opening opening adjacent two directed drillings and described peupendicular hole junction in burning group;
Step S2: the directed drilling described burning group in the vertical direction being in below is lighted a fire, and reverse gasification coal seam, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the directed drilling above described burning group;
Step S3: as the continuous 48 hours decline 15%-25% of coal gas active principle content sum, opens in the burning group adjacent with described burning group and is in the directed drilling of below and the side opening of described peupendicular hole junction;
Step S4: continue coal combustion until complete the gasification of described burning group, the coal gas that burning produces is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the directed drilling below adjacent burning group;
Step S5: the burned out area that the burning group gasified is formed is carried out filling and reinforced.
6. coal underground gasification method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: gasify in the coal seam between described peupendicular hole side arbitrary neighborhood two directed drillings and the coal seam of described peupendicular hole opposite side between adjacent two directed drillings of same level simultaneously.
7. coal underground gasification method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described step S2, is by transferring the gas injection device that gas injection end has an ignition function carry out passage igniting to described being in the directed drilling of lower position to the directed drilling igniting being in lower position in described burning group.
8. coal underground gasification method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step S4, when continuing coal combustion, if burning flame range to extend in described burning group the directed drilling of below enter coal point time, the gasification of described burning group completes.
9. coal underground gasification method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: during described directed drilling construction, under the horizontal channel of described directed drilling, enter suspension device.
10. coal underground gasification method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: after the coal seam gasification between the burning group that described horizontal segment distance roof is nearest and seat earth completes, the coal seam between burning group nearest for horizontal segment distance roof and roof is continued to gasify, its step is as follows: first, opens the first side opening of the nearest burning group of described horizontal segment distance roof and described peupendicular hole junction; Then, the directed drilling in the burning group nearest to horizontal segment distance roof below vertical direction is positioned at is lighted a fire and carries out reverse gasification, makes the coal gas of production be delivered to ground gaspipe network by the directed drilling being arranged in top; Finally, the burned out area that nearest to the horizontal segment distance roof gasified burning group is formed carries out filling and reinforces.
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