CN104453831B - Underground gasification device and coal gasification systems and gasification process - Google Patents
Underground gasification device and coal gasification systems and gasification process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104453831B CN104453831B CN201410634965.6A CN201410634965A CN104453831B CN 104453831 B CN104453831 B CN 104453831B CN 201410634965 A CN201410634965 A CN 201410634965A CN 104453831 B CN104453831 B CN 104453831B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of underground gasification device and coal gasification systems and gasification process, including inlet well and outlet well disposed in parallel on the vertical section of coal seam, the inlet well is equipped with air inlet transportation section in coal seam, the outlet well is equipped with outlet transportation section in coal seam, vertical direction of the air inlet transportation section along coal seam is set to the lower section of the outlet transportation section, the perforation well of the connection inlet well and the outlet well is additionally provided on the coal seam vertical section, the perforation well is equipped with the third inclination section of connection air inlet transportation section end and outlet transportation section end, the angle that the third inclination section is formed with the air inlet transportation section is in obtuse angle.When injecting gasifying agent to inlet well mesohigh of the present invention, the coal seam is burnt since lower part, and the coal seam after burning falls the front in the air inlet transportation section, is avoided the hot coal seam formed when coal combustion and is fallen the problem in the inlet well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal underground gasification technology field, the underground gasification dress for being applicable in half-edge coal seam is referred in particular to
It sets and coal gasification systems and gasification process.
Background technology
Coal underground gasification technology be primarily referred to as coal, coke either the solid fuels such as semicoke high-temperature pressure or pressurization item
It reacts with gasifying agent under part, is converted into the process of gaseous product or a small amount of residue.The gasifying agent is mainly vapor, sky
Gas (either oxygen) or their gaseous mixture.Coal gasification processes can be used for producing fuel gas, as industrial kiln gas
Or town gas, it can also be used to manufacture gaseous mixture, as synthesis ammonia, the raw material of synthesizing methanol and synthetic liquid fuel, therefore
Coal gasification is one of important technology of coal chemical industry.
Existing frequently-used coal gasification refers to coal underground gasification technology, is tunneled by tunnelling or drilling
Mode arrange inlet, outlet, gasification tunnel, gasification zone etc. in natural coal seam and ultimately form gasification furnace, then will gasification
Agent is passed through in coal seam, and coal seam is lighted in the gasification face formed by the gasification tunnel and controls coal and gasifying agent in coal seam
The gasification mode of reaction process.
In underground coal gasification(UCG) implementation process, as encountered half-edge coal seam (seam inclination is more than 45 ° when referring to underground mining
Coal seam) when, due to the factors such as geological structure is complicated, coal seam is unstable, gasification work is realized using conventional Vertical Well or inclined shaft
Face is all relatively difficult, in order to overcome the above problem, existing literature (CN1651714A) to disclose a kind of coal mining underground vertical
Gasification furnace building and operating method, this method are that parallel opposed longer sides bore two on the vertical section of coal seam using oil drilling completion technique
Mouthful and two mouthfuls or more orientation high angle holes or horizontal well, top well as gas-producing well, lower well as injection well, in well respectively under
Enter the oil specialized barrel of certain length or have hole (slot) screen casing, the concentric tube group of tripping in certain length is gone back in lower part borehole
It closes.Although the method disclosed in above-mentioned document can be used for the half-edge coal seam that gasifies to a certain extent, still exist following
Problem:Since the top outlet well is connected to by the way of drop angle with the realization of lower part inlet well, practical in coal seam was gasified
Cheng Zhong, after the inlet well gas injection, the hot coal seam that coal combustion is formed can be fallen in the air injection pipe of the inlet well, to
The air injection pipe is impacted, it may occur however that the temperature probe in the air injection pipe fusing or the air injection pipe damaged shows
As causing gasification that can not be carried out continuously when serious.
Invention content
For this purpose, technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in may occur during coal seam gasification described in the prior art
Equipment for gasification damage the problems such as cause gasification that can not be carried out continuously to provide and a kind of will not damage equipment in gasification
And the underground gasification device and coal gasification systems and gasification process in energy continuous gasification coal seam.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of underground gasification device of the present invention, including parallel on the vertical section of coal seam set
The inlet well and outlet well set, the inlet well are equipped with air inlet transportation section in coal seam, and the outlet well is equipped with out in coal seam
Gas transportation section, vertical direction of the air inlet transportation section along coal seam are set to the lower section of the outlet transportation section, and the coal seam is hung down
The perforation well of the connection inlet well and the outlet well is additionally provided on straight section, the perforation well, which is equipped with, is connected to the air inlet
The third inclination section of transportation section end and outlet transportation section end, the third inclination section are formed with the air inlet transportation section
Angle in obtuse angle.
In one embodiment of the invention, the value range at the obtuse angle is 115 degree to 135 degree.
In one embodiment of the invention, the third inclination section passes through open-hole and air inlet transportation section end and institute
Outlet transportation section end is stated to be interconnected.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inlet well is additionally provided with the air inlet in the superstratum above coal seam
First inclination section of section and the connection air inlet section and the air inlet transportation section;The outlet well is additionally provided with positioned at superstratum
In air outlet section and the connection air outlet section and the outlet transportation section the second inclination section;The perforation well, which is additionally provided with, to be located at
The third vertical section being connected with the third inclination section in superstratum.
In one embodiment of the invention, the gas injection device continuously retreated, the gas injection dress are equipped in the inlet well
Set including in the air inlet section and first inclination section the first coiled tubing and in the air inlet transportation section
Second coiled tubing.
In one embodiment of the invention, the end of second coiled tubing is equipped with induction coal seam thermal change successively
Resistance inductor and induction coal seam temperature change temperature-sensitive sticker.
The present invention also provides a kind of coal gasification systems, are used for the Coal Gasification in subterranean coal, including above-mentioned
Underground gasification device described in meaning one.
The present invention also provides a kind of coal gasification process using the underground gasification device, including:Step S1:Pass through
Terminal position of the perforation well in the air inlet transportation section of the inlet well is lighted a fire;Step S2:Close the perforation well, it is described into
Gas well pressurization injection gasifying agent, makes the gas that the gasification face formed by the third inclination section in the perforation well generates lead to
Cross the outlet well discharge.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, the third inclination section is formed after carrying out pressure-air purging
Gasification face.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, the inlet well is using continuous fallback mode pressurization injection gas
Agent.
The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
The inlet well is equipped with air inlet transportation section in coal seam, and the outlet well is equipped with outlet transportation section, institute in coal seam
The third inclination section that perforation well is equipped with connection air inlet transportation section end and outlet transportation section end is stated, therefore described
Third inclination section is equivalent to the gasification tunnel in underground coal gasification(UCG), when air inlet transportation section end light a fire, it is described into
When gas well mesohigh injects gasifying agent, the coal seam is burnt since lower part, as coal seam lower part is constantly burnt to shape
At a burned out area, so that the superjacent positioned at outlet transportation section is lost support and be caving under gravity, the coal after burning
Layer can fall the front in the air inlet transportation section along the gradient of the third inclination section, and the coal cinder accumulated after being caving has certain
Permeability, so that the coal seam of accumulation is formd seepage flow gasification, and avoid the hot coal seam formed when coal combustion and fall
Fall the problem in the inlet well.
Description of the drawings
In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, it below according to specific embodiments of the present invention and combines
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of gasification installation described in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view in the directions A-A in Fig. 1.
Reference numeral is expressed as in figure:The superstratums 1-, the coal seams 2-, 3- inlet wells, 31- air inlet sections, the first deflectings of 32-
Section, 33- air inlets transportation section, 4- outlet wells, 41- air outlet sections, the second inclination sections of 42-, 43- outlets transportation section, 5- penetrate through well, 51-
Third vertical section, 52- third inclination sections.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment one:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it present embodiments provides on a kind of underground coal gasification(UCG) device, including 2 vertical section of coal seam
Spaced inlet well 3 and outlet well 4, the inlet well 3 are arranged along the vertical direction in coal seam under the outlet well 4
Side, the inlet well 3 are equipped with air inlet transportation section 33 in coal seam, and the outlet well 4 is equipped with outlet transportation section 43, institute in coal seam
The perforation well 5 for being additionally provided on 2 vertical section of coal seam and being connected to the inlet well 3 and the outlet well 4 is stated, is set on the perforation well 5
There are the third inclination section 52 for being connected to 33 end of air inlet transportation section and 43 end of outlet transportation section, the third inclination section
52 angles formed with the air inlet transportation section 33 are in obtuse angle.
Inlet well disposed in parallel 3 and go out in underground gasification device of the present invention, including 2 vertical section of the coal seam
Gas well 4, and it is connected to the perforation well 5 of the inlet well 3 and the outlet well 4, vertical direction of the inlet well 3 along coal seam is set
It sets in the lower section of the outlet well 4, when the perforation well is closed, passes through the inlet well 3 and the perforation well 5 and outlet
The connection of well 4 makes gas be transferred in the perforation well 5 from the inlet well 3 and finally leads to so as to form a gas channel
Cross the discharge of the outlet well 4;The inlet well 3 is equipped with air inlet transportation section 33 in coal seam, and the outlet well 4 is equipped in coal seam
Outlet transportation section 43, the perforation well 5, which is equipped with, is connected to 33 end of air inlet transportation section and 43 end of outlet transportation section
Third inclination section 52, therefore the third inclination section 52 is equivalent to the gasification tunnel in underground coal gasification(UCG), due to it is described go out
Vertical direction of the gas well 4 along coal seam is arranged in the top of the inlet well 3, and the third inclination section 52 is conveyed with the air inlet
The angle that section 33 is formed in obtuse angle, is lighted a fire when in 33 end of air inlet transportation section, the injection gasification of 3 mesohigh of the inlet well
When agent, the coal seam is burnt since lower part, in the gasification tunnel formed by the third inclination section 52, the gasifying agent and coal
Chemical action occurs in burning and generates new gas by the discharge of the outlet well 4, as coal seam lower part is constantly fired for charcoal
It burns to form a burned out area, so that the superjacent positioned at outlet transportation section 43 is lost support and be caving under gravity,
Coal seam after burning can fall the front in the air inlet transportation section 33 along the gradient of the third inclination section 52.It is accumulated after being caving
Coal cinder there is certain permeability, so that the coal seam of accumulation is formd seepage flow gasification, and shape when overcoming coal combustion
At hot coal seam can fall the problem in the inlet well 3, cause shadow so as to avoid to the equipment in the inlet well 3
The phenomenon that ringing, having prevented equipment fusing or the damage in the inlet well 3, realizes and is efficiently transported in half-edge coal seam underground gasification
Capable purpose.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, inlet well 3 and outlet well 4 are mutually parallel, and but not limited to this, at it
In his embodiment, inlet well 3 also can slightly be tilted relative to outlet well 4.
In the present embodiment, as long as ensureing angle that the third inclination section 52 and the air inlet transportation section 33 are formed in blunt
Angle, specifically, when the angle that the third inclination section 52 and the air inlet transportation section 33 are formed value range at 115 ° extremely
When between 135 °, so that it may to avoid top coal combustion when the hot coal seam that is formed fall in the inlet well 3, when described
When the angle that third inclination section 52 and the air inlet transportation section 33 are formed is in 120 °, can not only be fallen to avoid coal seam it is described into
On gas well 3, and the efficiency highest to gasify at this time.Third inclination section described in the present embodiment 52 and 33 shape of air inlet transportation section
At angle can pass through similarity simulation experiment obtain gasification optimum efficiency.
The third inclination section 52 passes through open-hole and 33 end of air inlet transportation section and 43 end of outlet transportation section
It is interconnected, to make the third inclination section 52 be equivalent to the gasification tunnel in underground coal gasification(UCG), coal is by gasifying
Burning in channel is to make entire half-edge coal seam gradually be burnt.
In the present embodiment, the inlet well 3 be additionally provided with air inlet section 31 in the superstratum 1 above coal seam 2 and
The first inclination section 32 of the air inlet section 31 and the air inlet transportation section 33 is connected, first inclination section 32 is smooth continuously to be connected
The logical air inlet section 31 and the air inlet transportation section 33 allow the gas of the air inlet section 31 to be transferred to the full extent described
In air inlet transportation section 33;The outlet well 4 is additionally provided with the air outlet section 41 in superstratum 1 and connects the air outlet section 41
With the second inclination section 42 of the outlet transportation section 43, second inclination section 42 is smooth to be continuously connected to 41 He of the air outlet section
The outlet transportation section 43 allows the gas of the outlet transportation section 43 to be transferred to the full extent in the air outlet section 41;
The perforation well 5 is additionally provided with the third vertical section 51 being connected with the third inclination section 52 in superstratum 1, passes through institute
State the variations such as pressure and the temperature that third vertical section 51 can monitor in the gasification tunnel.
Be equipped with the gas injection device continuously retreated in the inlet well 3, the gas injection device include be set to the air inlet section and
The first coiled tubing in first inclination section and the second coiled tubing in the air inlet transportation section, described second connects
The end of continuous oil pipe is equipped with the temperature sensing of the resistance inductor and induction coal seam temperature change of induction coal seam thermal change successively
Device, in the present embodiment, the temperature-sensitive sticker can be temperature sensitive probes.Since the coal seam is burnt since lower part, in coal
During layer burning, with the continuous burning of underlying seam, the heat occurred in coal seam constantly declines, while in coal seam
The case where temperature constantly increases, immediate cause be the fresh coal seam for being located at gas injection point constantly reduce cause it is not enough flammable
Burn coal seam, it is therefore desirable to by monitor the variation of heat and temperature in coal seam come and judge whether to need using shutout after continuous
Pressurization injection gasifying agent is set, the gas injection device continuously retreated ensure that the underground gasification continuous operation in half-edge coal seam
Purpose.In specific implementation process, the going-back position of coiled tubing can by temperature sensing probe temperature on coiled tubing or
The situation of change of person's component calorific value specifically determines.A kind of method is:When the active principle (carbon monoxide, hydrogen etc.) and heat of coal gas
When decreaseing beyond the 25% of total amount of value shows to become the fresh coal seam that the gasifying agent injected since the inlet well 3 touches
Few, extra gasifying agent has burnt active principle, it is therefore desirable to move backward gas injection device in time, make new coal seam after
Afterflame is burnt;Another method is:Probe temperature reaches 100 DEG C or more on continuous retrogressing gas injection device, shows the red-hot coal in top
Block has been fallen near gas injection point, and it is also likely to be to meet the larger coal seam of dirt band thickness that temperature, which reaches 100 DEG C or more, under being located at
After the coal combustion of side is complete, if not using the gas injection device that continuously retreats, will continue to the coal seam of burning oblique upper from
And the coal seam that may also result in oblique upper is fallen on the coiled tubing of the inlet well 3, leads to tempering phenomenon, therefore also answer
Move backward gas injection device in time, new coal seam made to burn away, move backward at this time the distance of gas injection device generally at 4 meters extremely
Between 6 meters.The present invention new coal seam constantly burnt by the above-mentioned gas injection device continuously retreated to ensure that gas composition and
The stabilization of calorific value, until completing the gasification in entire coal seam.
In the present embodiment, the inlet well 3 uses the hole of 177mm using orientation horizontal well drilling, first coiled tubing
The material of diameter, the first coiled tubing in first inclination section is petroleum casing pipe, the height of 1 meter of the bottom plate position away from coal seam 2
Place arranges second coiled tubing, and second coiled tubing is glass-reinforced plastic material (fiberglass is flammable at high temperature), long
Degree is 250 meters.
In the present embodiment, for the outlet well 4 also using orientation horizontal well drilling, the outlet well 2 is interior to be equipped with coiled tubing, institute
The coiled tubing for stating outlet well 2 uses the aperture of 215mm, and material is fiberglass, and institute is arranged at 2 meters away from 2 top plate of the coal seam
The coiled tubing length stated outlet transportation section 43, and be arranged inside is 235 meters, between the inlet well is vertical with the outlet well
Away from essentially 26 meters;The perforation well 5 also is provided with coiled tubing, the continuous oil using off-angle drilling is oriented in the perforation well 5
Pipe uses petroleum casing pipe, and aperture is 177mm, and the position of petroleum casing pipe decentralization depth in the perforation well 5 is described
Below roof at 1 meter.
Embodiment two:
The present invention also provides a kind of coal gasification systems, it is used for the Coal Gasification in subterranean coal comprising above-mentioned
Underground gasification device and other gasification corollary apparatus.Since the coal gasification systems include above-mentioned underground gasification device,
Therefore advantage possessed by the underground gasification device, the coal gasification systems similarly have the advantages that above-mentioned.
Embodiment three:
The present invention also provides a kind of coal gasification process using the underground gasification device, including:Step S1:Pass through
Terminal position of the perforation well 5 in the air inlet transportation section 33 of the inlet well 3 is lighted a fire;Step S2:The perforation well 5 is closed,
The pressurization injection gasifying agent of the inlet well 3 makes to be produced by the gasification face that the third inclination section 52 is formed in the perforation well 5
Raw gas is discharged by the outlet well 4.
In the present embodiment, after the completion of the step S1, the perforation well 5 is closed, by the inlet well 3 and described is passed through
Drifting 5 and the connection of outlet well 4 carry out pressure-air to the third inclination section 52 and blow so as to form a gas channel
Gasification face is formed after sweeping;When the pressurization injection gasifying agent of the inlet well 3, the coal seam is burnt since lower part, institute
It states gasifying agent and coal fully burns in gasification face, as constantly burning is empty to form a combustion for coal seam lower part
Area makes the superjacent positioned at the outlet transportation section 43 lose support and is caving under gravity, the coal seam meeting after burning
The front in the air inlet transportation section 33 is fallen along the gradient of the third inclination section 52, the coal cinder accumulated after being caving has certain
Permeability, so that the coal seam of accumulation is formd seepage flow gasification, and avoid the hot coal seam formed when coal combustion and fall
The problem in the inlet well 3 is fallen, the purpose of the underground gasification Effec-tive Function in half-edge coal seam is realized.
In the present embodiment, in the step S2, the inlet well 3 injects gasifying agent using the pressurization of continuous fallback mode,
Cause fresh coal seam constantly to be reduced with the sustained combustion of coal seam lower part, gasification is injected by the method for gas injection continuously retreated
Agent just can guarantee the fresh coal seam that can burn away, and realize the purpose of the underground gasification continuous operation in half-edge coal seam.
To sum up, underground gasification device and coal gasification systems of the present invention and gasification process have the following advantages:
1. the inlet well is equipped with air inlet transportation section in coal seam, the outlet well is equipped with outlet transportation section in coal seam,
The perforation well is equipped with the third inclination section of connection air inlet transportation section end and outlet transportation section end, therefore institute
The gasification tunnel that third inclination section is equivalent in underground coal gasification(UCG) is stated, the vertical direction due to the outlet well along coal seam is arranged
In the top of the inlet well, and the angle that the third inclination section is formed with the air inlet transportation section is in obtuse angle, when described
Air inlet transportation section end is lighted a fire, and when inlet well mesohigh injection gasifying agent, the coal seam is burnt since lower part, by
In the gasification tunnel that the third inclination section is formed, the gasifying agent and coal occur chemical action in burning and generate new gas
Body is discharged by the outlet well, as constantly burning makes defeated positioned at outlet to form a burned out area for coal seam lower part
It send the superjacent of section to lose support to be caving under gravity, the coal seam after burning can be along the gradient of the third inclination section
The front in the air inlet transportation section is fallen, the coal cinder accumulated after being caving has certain permeability, not only makes the coal seam of accumulation
Seepage flow gasification is formd, and avoids the hot coal seam formed when coal combustion and falls the problem in the inlet well, is shut out
The phenomenon that equipment fusing or damage absolutely in the inlet well, realize the mesh in half-edge coal seam underground gasification Effec-tive Function
's.
2. the inlet well ensure that using continuous setback device and continuous fallback mode pressurization injection gasifying agent in urgency
The purpose of underground gasification continuous operation in inclined seam.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, does not limit the embodiments.For
For those of ordinary skill in the art, other various forms of variations or change can also be made on the basis of the above description
It is dynamic.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And obvious variation extended from this or change
It is dynamic still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. spaced inlet well (3) and outlet well (4), institute in a kind of underground gasification device, including coal seam (2) vertical section
It states inlet well (3) and is equipped with air inlet transportation section (33) in coal seam, the outlet well (4) is equipped with outlet transportation section in coal seam
(43), vertical direction of the air inlet transportation section (33) along coal seam is set to the lower section of the outlet transportation section (43), feature
It is:The perforation well (5) of the connection inlet well (3) and the outlet well (4) is additionally provided on coal seam (2) vertical section,
The perforation well (5) is equipped with connection air inlet transportation section (33) end and the third of the outlet transportation section (43) end is made
Oblique section (52), the angle that the third inclination section (52) is formed with the air inlet transportation section (33) is in obtuse angle;The obtuse angle takes
Ranging from 115 degree to 135 degree of value.
2. underground gasification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The third inclination section (52) by open-hole with
Air inlet transportation section (33) end and the outlet transportation section (43) end are interconnected.
3. underground gasification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The inlet well (3) is additionally provided with positioned at coal seam
(2) air inlet section (31) in superstratum (1) and the connection air inlet section (31) above and the air inlet transportation section (33)
The first inclination section (32);The outlet well (4) is additionally provided with described in air outlet section (41) and connection in superstratum (1)
The second inclination section (42) of air outlet section (41) and the outlet transportation section (43);The perforation well (5) is additionally provided with positioned at overlying
The vertical section (51) being connected with the third inclination section (52) in layer (1).
4. underground gasification device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Continuous retreat is equipped in the inlet well (3)
Gas injection device, the gas injection device include be set to the air inlet section and first inclination section in the first coiled tubing and set
The second coiled tubing in the air inlet transportation section.
5. underground gasification device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The end of second coiled tubing is set successively
There is the temperature-sensitive sticker of the resistance inductor and induction coal seam temperature change of induction coal seam thermal change.
6. a kind of coal gasification systems are used for the Coal Gasification in subterranean coal, it is characterised in that:Including claim 1-5
Any one of described in underground gasification device.
7. a kind of coal gasification process using any one of the claim 1-5 underground gasification devices, including:
Step S1:Terminal position by the perforation well (5) in the air inlet transportation section (33) of the inlet well (3) is lighted a fire;
Step S2:Close the perforation well (5), inlet well (3) the pressurization injection gasifying agent, keep the perforation well (5) interior by
The gas that the gasification face that the third inclination section (52) is formed generates is discharged by the outlet well (4).
8. gasification process according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:In the step S2, the third inclination section (52)
Gasification face is formed after carrying out pressure-air purging.
9. gasification process according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:In the step S2, the inlet well (3) uses
Continuous fallback mode pressurization injection gasifying agent.
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