CN105089604B - Underground coal gasification furnace and gasification process - Google Patents
Underground coal gasification furnace and gasification process Download PDFInfo
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- CN105089604B CN105089604B CN201510426461.XA CN201510426461A CN105089604B CN 105089604 B CN105089604 B CN 105089604B CN 201510426461 A CN201510426461 A CN 201510426461A CN 105089604 B CN105089604 B CN 105089604B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of underground coal gasification furnace and gasification process, using a plurality of directed drilling being parallel to each other and a peupendicular hole structure gasification furnace, the end of wherein described each directed drilling is interconnected with the peupendicular hole, multiple directed drillings are sequentially arranged successively along the peupendicular hole homonymy, the peupendicular hole is provided with multiple side openings vertically, wherein any one directed drilling is provided with the first side opening with the peupendicular hole junction, and is additionally provided with the second side opening above first side opening.For the present invention for ultra-thick coal bed using gasification mode from bottom to top, not only gasification efficiency is high, and effectively prevent the wasting of resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground coal gasification(UCG) production technique field, a kind of coal underground gasifying furnace and gasification side are referred in particular to
Method.
Background technology
Coal underground gasification technology be primarily referred to as coal, coke either the solid fuel such as semicoke high-temperature pressure or pressurization bar
Reacted under part with gasifying agent, be converted into the process of gaseous product or a small amount of residue.The gasifying agent is mainly vapor, sky
Gas（Or oxygen）Or their gaseous mixture.Coal gasification processes can be used for producing fuel gas, as industrial kiln gas
Or town gas, it can also be used to manufacture gaseous mixture, as synthesis ammonia, the raw material of synthesizing methanol and synthetic liquid fuel, therefore
Coal gasification is one of important technology of coal chemical industry.
Coal underground gasifying furnace is generally made up of inlet well, gasification tunnel, outlet well etc., is carried out in the air inlet bottom
After igniting, gasifying agent is injected from the inlet well, various chemical reactions, the coal gas edge of generation occurs with coal seam in gasification tunnel
Gasification tunnel and outlet well are delivered to ground.And the underground gasification type of furnace refer to the type of underground gasification drilling used, mutual alignment,
The channel shape of the formation such as purposes and boot sequence during gasification.Current gasification furnace has developed into numerous drilling and passes through brill
Hole type（Vertical Well, horizontal directional drilling）, the spacing of wells, gasification when air-flow trend and combustion zone trend etc. be combined into it is various
The underground gasification furnace of type, it can exponentially improve gas yield, the stability of gasification, the recovery ratio in coal seam, Er Qieneng
Enough risks for effectively reducing underground water invasion, roof collapse, heat loss etc., therefore, the gasification type of furnace are to determine gasification success or failure
One of key factor.
Existing Chinese patent（CN104594873A）A kind of coal underground gasifying furnace and gasification process are disclosed, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, including top plate 1, the coal seam 2 below top plate, through enter the air admission hole 3 in coal seam after top plate, through the laggard of top plate
Enter the venthole 4 in coal seam, generally in coal seam and connect the inlet channel 5 of air admission hole and vertical positioned at inlet channel in horizontal
The outlet passageway 6 of top and through entering coal seam after top plate and connect the fire hole 7 of inlet, outlet passage.Although above-mentioned technology
Avoid outlet passageway blocking, it is ensured that the continuity of gasification, but following defect still be present：The outlet passageway 6
High temperature directly acts on roof 1, so as to easily cause the risk of top plate temperature distortion, inbreak, influences the normal fortune of gasification furnace
OK；Furthermore coal seam of the coal seam thickness in the range of 15 meters is only applicable to certain limitation when the type of furnace gasifies, for
The wasting of resources is more serious when ultra-thick coal bed is gasified using the type of furnace, and the rate of extraction is low, less economical.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome, gasification efficiency is low in the prior art and roof is easy
Even if the problems such as inbreak, so as to provide a kind of gasification for ultra-thick coal bed, can also improve the coal of gasification stability and gasification efficiency
The charcoal underground gasification type of furnace and gasification process.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, including roof and
Seat earth below the roof, coal seam is provided between the roof and the seat earth, through institute
State roof and multiple directed drillings are provided with the coal seam, through the roof and the coal seam to the coal seam
Bottom plate extension is provided with a peupendicular hole, wherein the end of each directed drilling is interconnected with the peupendicular hole, along described
Peupendicular hole homonymy sequentially arranges multiple directed drillings successively, and the peupendicular hole is provided with multiple first side openings and multiple second vertically
Side opening, wherein any one first side opening are located at the junction of the directed drilling and the peupendicular hole, the second side opening position
In the top of first side opening.
In one embodiment of the invention, the one side of the peupendicular hole is respectively equipped with multiple directed drillings, and each fixed
Extend arrangement, and each orientation to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively to side along the peupendicular hole of vertical section of drilling well
The horizontal segment of drilling well is parallel to each other.
In one embodiment of the invention, the both sides of the peupendicular hole are equipped with multiple directed drillings, and described vertical
In the same side of well, the vertical section of each directed drilling extends arrangement to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively.
In one embodiment of the invention, the horizontal segment of a directed drilling of any side of the peupendicular hole with it is described
The horizontal segment of directed drilling in same level of peupendicular hole opposite side is communicated by first side opening.
Above-mentioned any one of underground coal gasification furnace gasification subterranean coal is utilized the invention also discloses a kind of
Method, comprise the following steps：Step S1：Open two directed drillings of arbitrary neighborhood and the first side of the peupendicular hole junction
Hole and the second side opening among described two first side openings；Step S2：To vertical direction in two neighboring directed drilling
The directed drilling for being below position is lighted a fire and inversely gasified, and coal gas caused by coal combustion is below via described
The directed drilling of position enters with the first side opening of the peupendicular hole junction and the second side opening above first side opening
Enter peupendicular hole, coal gas is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the directed drilling in top position；Step S3：To having gasified
Into be filled and reinforced by the burned out area formed between two neighboring directed drilling.
In one embodiment of the invention, to the coal seam when vertical direction from bottom to top progressively gasifies, including will
The step of coal seam of peupendicular hole both sides same level is gasified simultaneously.
In one embodiment of the invention, the coal seam between two directed drillings of peupendicular hole side arbitrary neighborhood with
Gasify simultaneously in coal seam of the peupendicular hole opposite side between the two neighboring directed drilling of same level.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step S2, vertical direction in two neighboring directed drilling is in
The directed drilling igniting of lower position is by transferring gas injection end with igniting to described be below in the directed drilling of position
The gas injection device of function carries out passage igniting.
In this one embodiment of the present of invention, when the directed drilling is constructed, into the horizontal channel of the directed drilling
Tripping in suspension device.
In this one embodiment of the present of invention, the horizontal segment directed drilling and seat earth nearest apart from roof
Between coal seam gasification after the completion of, continue the coal between the horizontal segment directed drilling and roof nearest apart from roof
Layer is gasified, and its step is as follows：First, open the horizontal segment directed drilling nearest apart from roof with it is described vertical
The directed drilling that the first side opening and the unlatching horizontal segment of well junction are nearest apart from roof connects with the peupendicular hole
The second side opening above first side opening at place is connect, while opens the peupendicular hole；Then, it is nearest apart from roof to horizontal segment
Directed drilling light a fire and inversely gasified, the coal gas of production is delivered to by peupendicular hole in the gaspipe network of ground；Finally, it is right
What gasification was completed is entered by the burned out area formed between the horizontal segment directed drilling nearest apart from roof and the roof
Row filling and reinforcing.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
Underground coal gasification furnace and gasification process of the present invention, using a plurality of directed drilling being parallel to each other and one
Peupendicular hole builds gasification furnace, and coal gas is exported by adjacent directed drilling successively, the coal seam of top is delivered heat to, to top
Fresh coal seam is preheated, and so as to take full advantage of the energy, improves gasification efficiency；And it can realize two row gasification furnaces are same
When parallel running, gasification efficiency is increased substantially, in addition, underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention and gasification process are to described
The directed drilling burned out area to be formed that gasifies is filled and reinforced, and builds artificial bottom plate, ensure that ultra-thick coal bed gasification
Stability.
Brief description of the drawings
In order that present disclosure is more likely to be clearly understood, specific embodiment and combination below according to the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the floor map of the existing coal underground gasifying furnace；
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of underground coal gasification furnace described in embodiment one of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the floor map of underground coal gasification furnace described in embodiment two of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 2 present embodiments provide a kind of underground coal gasification furnace, including roof 11 and positioned at institute
The seat earth 13 of the lower section of roof 11 is stated, coal seam 12 is provided between the roof 11 and the seat earth 13, is worn
Cross the roof 11 and multiple directed drillings 14 are provided with the coal seam 12, through the roof 11 and the coal
Layer 12 is provided with a peupendicular hole 15 to the seat earth 13 extension, wherein the end of each directed drilling 14 is hung down with described
Straight well 15 is interconnected, and multiple directed drillings 14, the edge of peupendicular hole 15 are sequentially arranged successively along the side of the peupendicular hole 15
It is axially arranged with multiple first side openings and multiple second side openings, wherein any one first side opening is located at the directed drilling 14 and institute
The junction of peupendicular hole 15 is stated, second side opening is located at the top of first side opening.
This implementation underground coal gasification furnace, including roof 11, the coal seam below the roof
Bottom plate 13 and the coal seam 12 between the roof 11 and the seat earth 13, through the roof 11 and
Multiple directed drillings 14 are provided with the coal seam 12, through the roof 11 and the coal seam 12 to the seat earth
13 extensions are provided with a peupendicular hole 15, and multiple directed drillings 14 are sequentially arranged successively along the side of the peupendicular hole 15, using this
The type of furnace described in embodiment, not only the speed of the structure type of furnace is fast, and cost is low, and in two directed drillings of arbitrary neighborhood, one
Directed drilling is as inlet channel, and a directed drilling is as outlet passageway, it is possible to achieve piecewise burning coal layer, is advantageous to super
High seam is gasified, specifically, such as the first directed drilling 14A, the second directed drilling 14B, the 3rd directed drilling 14C, the 4th
Directed drilling 14D and the 5th directed drilling 14E, the end of each directed drilling 14 interconnect with the phase of peupendicular hole 15
It is logical, so that the peupendicular hole 15 is mainly used in connecting inlet channel and outlet passageway, standby outlet well can also be used as；It is described
Peupendicular hole 15 is provided with multiple side openings 16 vertically, and inlet channel and outlet passageway are controlled by the keying of each side opening 16, from
And beneficial to the burning in Discrete control coal seam, the combustion rate in coal seam is improved, specifically, the side opening 16 includes the first side opening and second
Side opening, wherein any one first side opening are located at the junction of the directed drilling 14 and the peupendicular hole 15, and such as described first
The junction of directed drilling 14A and the peupendicular hole 15 be provided with second side opening 16B, the second directed drilling 14B with it is described
The junction of peupendicular hole 15 is provided with the 4th side opening 16D, and the 3rd directed drilling 14C and the peupendicular hole 15 junction are set
There are the 6th side opening 16F ... orders successively, the 5th directed drilling 14E and the peupendicular hole 15 junction are provided with the tenth
Individual side opening 16J, by the setting of first side opening coal gas can be made to be transmitted from inlet channel into peupendicular hole 15, then be hung down by described
Straight well 15 transmits coal gas into outlet passageway, makes heat transmission caused by coal combustion to the coal seam of top, to the new of top
Fresh coal seam is preheated, and is not only advantageous to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improves gasification efficiency, and takes full advantage of the energy, is had
Effect avoids the wasting of resources caused by when ultra-thick coal bed uses traditional gasification furnace gas；Second side opening is located at first side
Above hole, specifically, above second side opening 16B it is provided with above first side opening 16A, the 4th side opening 16D and sets
There are the 3rd side opening 16C, the 6th side opening 16F to be provided with the 5th side opening 16E ... orders successively, the described ten side opening
16J is provided with the 9th side opening 16I, i.e. even number side opening is the first side opening, and is arranged on each directed drilling and peupendicular hole
15 junction, odd number side opening are the second side openings, and are arranged on the top of the even number side opening, coal seam gasification process
In, coal ash accumulation is produced with the burning in coal seam, if coal ash is deposited in some first side opening, side opening at this can be caused to be blocked,
Coal gas can not be transmitted smoothly to the peupendicular hole 15, therefore passes through the setting of second side opening, it is ensured that coal gas is smooth
Transmitted via the peupendicular hole 15 into ground gaspipe network.
When coal seam gasification is exemplified below, how to ensure that coal gas is smoothly transmitted by inlet channel through the peupendicular hole 15
Into outlet passageway：
Such as gasify coal seam between the second directed drilling 14B and the 3rd directed drilling 14C when, with second directed drilling
14B, using the 3rd directed drilling 14C as outlet passageway, now, opens the 6th side opening 16F, the 5th as inlet channel
Individual side opening 16E and the 4th side opening 16D, simultaneously closes off other side openings and peupendicular hole 15, specifically, coal seam gasification process
In caused coal gas flowed into by the 6th side opening 16F in the peupendicular hole 15, expand burned out area with the burning in coal seam, if grey
Slag is accumulated near the 6th side opening 16F, and coal gas outlet can be caused difficult, now pass through the 5th side opening 16E's
Outlet, so that coal gas is smoothly flowed into the peupendicular hole 15, coal gas passes through the 4th side opening by the peupendicular hole 15 again
16D flows to outlet passageway, is finally delivered in the gaspipe network of ground, so that heat transmission caused by coal combustion is to top
Coal seam, the fresh coal seam of top is preheated, be not only advantageous to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improve gasification efficiency, Er Qiechong
Point the energy is make use of, effectively prevent the wasting of resources caused by when ultra-thick coal bed uses traditional gasification furnace gas.
In the present embodiment, the one side of the peupendicular hole 15 is respectively equipped with multiple directed drillings 14, vertical along the coal seam 12
Direction is in distribution up and down, and the side of the vertical section of each directed drilling 14 along the peupendicular hole 15 is successively to remote peupendicular hole
Direction extension arrangement, wherein, the first directed drilling 14A is located on the inside of track, and horizontal range and the peupendicular hole 15 are nearest, the
Five directed drilling 14E are located on the outside of track, and horizontal range and the peupendicular hole 15 are farthest, adjacent directed drilling it is vertical intersegmental
Horizontal range scope be 5m-20m, and the horizontal segment of each directed drilling 14 is parallel to each other, adjacent directional well horizontal segment
Between vertical interval be 1.5-2 times of burned out area height after coal combustion, lead to so as to be advantageous to coal gas in inlet channel and outlet
The transmission in road, effectively improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal segment of the directed drilling is general in level in the coal seam 12, perpendicular along the coal seam 12
For Nogata in upper and lower parallel distribution, the vertical interval between adjacent directed drilling horizontal segment is burned out area height after coal combustion
1.5 times, the wherein highly preferred 7m of burned out area, the horizontal segment of the first directed drilling 14A are described close to the roof 11
5th directed drilling 14E horizontal segment is close to the seat earth 13.The multiple directed drilling 14 generally linearly divides on ground
Cloth, and the first directed drilling 14A to the 5th directed drilling 14E, successively to external expansion, the first directed drilling 14A is positioned at described
On the inside of 5th directed drilling 14E track, the horizontal range 10m between adjacent directed drilling.The water of the 5th directed drilling 14E
Flat section is located on the seat earth 13 at 0.5 meter, the first directed drilling 14A to the 5th directed drilling 14E water
Vertical interval between flat section is 10.5m, described in the horizontal segment distance of the first directed drilling 14A described in coal seam thick 50m
About 7.5 meters of the lower section of roof 11.The bottom of the peupendicular hole 15 is located at more than 13 0.5 meters of the seat earth.
Cause to block orientation hole path in order to avoid preceding coal seam of gasifying is caving, to the directed drilling when directional drilling is constructed
The 14 equal tripping in suspension device of horizontal segment, the suspension device can be cast iron floral tube, the multiple tube or glass of combustible material making
Glass steel pipe.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment two is the deformation on the basis of embodiment one, and in order to improve the gasification in coal seam, the present embodiment uses
The both sides of the peupendicular hole are respectively equipped with multiple directed drillings, and two type of furnaces arranged side by side are formed by sharing a peupendicular hole
So as to significantly improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam, the following detailed description of the underground coal gasification furnace：
As shown in figure 3, the both sides of the peupendicular hole 15 are respectively equipped with multiple directed drillings 14, the peupendicular hole 15 it is same
In side, the vertical section of each directed drilling extends arrangement, specifically, the peupendicular hole 15 to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively
Both sides are equipped with multiple directed drillings 14, wherein, the first directed drilling 14A to the 5th directed drilling 14E is distributed in described vertical
The side of well 15, the 6th directed drilling 14F are distributed in the opposite side of the peupendicular hole 15, this implementation to the tenth directed drilling 14J
Two type of furnaces arranged side by side are formed respectively by sharing a peupendicular hole 15, not only the speed of the structure type of furnace is fast, and cost is low, and
And the parallel running simultaneously of the two row type of furnaces can be realized, furthermore, during coal seam gasification, the coal seam of the both sides same level of peupendicular hole 15
Gasify simultaneously, so as to accelerate the burning in coal seam, increase substantially gasification efficiency.
The peupendicular hole 15 is provided with multiple side openings 16 vertically, by the keying of each side opening 16 come control inlet channel and
Outlet passageway, so as to the burning beneficial to Discrete control coal seam, improve the combustion rate in coal seam, the side opening 16 include the first side opening and
Second side opening, any one first side opening are located at the junction of the directed drilling 14 and the peupendicular hole 15, second side
Hole position is in the top of first side opening, and specifically, in the side of the peupendicular hole 15, first side opening includes：Positioned at institute
State the first directed drilling 14A and the junction of the peupendicular hole 15 second side opening 16B, positioned at second directed drilling
4th side opening 16D of the junction of 14B and the peupendicular hole 15, positioned at the 3rd directed drilling 14C and the peupendicular hole
6th side opening 16F of 15 junction, the positioned at the 4th directed drilling 14D and the junction of the peupendicular hole 15 the 8th
Individual side opening 16H, the tenth side opening 16J positioned at the 5th directed drilling 14E Yu the junction of the peupendicular hole 15；Described
Two side openings include：First side opening 16A above second side opening 16B, above the 4th side opening 16D
The 3rd side opening 16C, positioned at the 6th side opening 16F be provided with the 5th side opening 16E, positioned at the 8th side opening
16H is provided with the 7th side opening 16G, the 9th side opening 16I on the described ten side opening 16J；The peupendicular hole 15
In opposite side, first side opening includes：The tenth positioned at the 6th directed drilling 14F and the junction of the peupendicular hole 15
Two side opening 16L, positioned at the 14th side opening 16N, position of the 7th directed drilling 14G Yu the junction of the peupendicular hole 15
The 16th side opening 16Q in the 8th directed drilling 14H Yu the junction of the peupendicular hole 15, positioned at the described 9th orientation
18th side opening 16S of drilling well 14I and the junction of the peupendicular hole 15, positioned at the tenth directed drilling 14J with it is described
20th side opening 16U of the junction of peupendicular hole 15；Second side opening includes：On the 12nd side opening 16L
Side the 11st side opening 16K, the 13rd side opening 16M above the 14th side opening 16N, positioned at the described tenth
The 15th side opening 16P above six side opening 16Q, the 17th side opening above the 18th side opening 16S
16R, the 19th side opening 16T above the 20th side opening 16U.I.e. even number side opening is first side
Hole, and be arranged on the junction of the directed drilling and peupendicular hole 15, make during coal seam gasification heat caused by burning can be with
Transmit to the coal seam of top, the fresh coal seam of top is preheated, be not only advantageous to the gasification in fresh coal seam, improve gasification
Efficiency, and take full advantage of the energy, it effectively prevent the wasting of resources caused by when ultra-thick coal bed uses traditional gasification furnace gas；
Odd number side opening is second side opening, and is arranged on the top of the even number side opening, during coal seam gasification, in institute
The both sides of peupendicular hole 15 are stated, coal ash accumulation can be all produced with the burning in coal seam, if coal ash is deposited in some first side opening, can lead
Side opening at this is caused to be blocked, coal gas can not be transmitted smoothly to the peupendicular hole 15, therefore by the setting of second side opening,
It can ensure that coal gas is smoothly transmitted into ground gaspipe network via the peupendicular hole 15.
In the present embodiment, in order to improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam, each directed drilling of described the same side of peupendicular hole 15
Horizontal segment is parallel to each other, and the horizontal segment of a directed drilling of 15 any side of the peupendicular hole and the peupendicular hole 15 are another
The horizontal segment of the corresponding directed drilling of side is in same level, specifically, such as the first directed drilling 14A and the described 6th orientation
Drilling well 14F is in same level, and the second directed drilling 14B and the 7th directed drilling 14G is in same level, successively
Sequentially, the 5th directed drilling 14E and the tenth directed drilling 14J be in same level, gasify coal seam when, two row stoves
Type is lighted a fire operation simultaneously, is accelerated the burning in coal seam, is increased substantially gasification efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal segment of the directed drilling 14 is general in level, the peupendicular hole 15 in the coal seam 12
The directed drilling in same level of the horizontal segment of one directed drilling of any side and the opposite side of peupendicular hole 15
Horizontal segment is communicated by first side opening.Specifically, the first directed drilling 14A to the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 6th is fixed
Along the vertical direction of coal seam 12 it is in upper and lower parallel distribution to drilling well 14F to the tenth directed drilling 14J, and the first directed drilling
14A is communicated with the 6th directed drilling 14F by second side opening 16B and the 12nd side opening 16L, second
Directed drilling 14B and the 7th directed drilling 14G passes through the 4th side opening 16D and the 14th side opening 16N
Communicate, the 3rd directed drilling 14C and the 8th directed drilling 14 pass through the 6th side opening 16F and described 16th
Side opening 16Q is communicated, the 4th directed drilling 14D and the 9th directed drilling 14I passes through the 8th side opening 16H and described
18th side opening 16S is communicated, the 5th directed drilling 14E and the tenth directed drilling 14J passes through the described ten side opening 16J
And the 20th side opening 16U is communicated.Vertical interval between two horizontal segments of directed drilling 14 of arbitrary neighborhood is coal seam
2 times of burned out area height after burning, the wherein highly preferred 7m of burned out area, the first directed drilling 14A and the 6th Directional Drilling
Well 14F horizontal segment is close to the roof 11, the level of the 5th directed drilling 14E and the tenth directed drilling 14J
Section is close to the seat earth 13.The first directed drilling 14A is to the 5th directed drilling 14E, the 6th Directional Drilling
Well 14F to the tenth directed drilling 14J is generally linearly distributed on ground, from the first directed drilling 14A to the described 5th
Directed drilling 14E is successively to external expansion, from the 6th directed drilling 14F to the tenth directed drilling 14J successively to extending out
Exhibition, the first directed drilling 14A are located on the inside of the track of the 5th directed drilling 14E, the 6th directed drilling 14F positions
On the inside of the track of the tenth directed drilling 14J, the horizontal range of two directed drillings 14 of arbitrary neighborhood is 5m.Described first
Directed drilling 14A to the 5th directed drilling 14E, the 6th directed drilling 14F to the tenth directed drilling 14J horizontal segment it
Between vertical interval 14m, the first directed drilling 14A and the 6th directed drilling 14F water described in coal seam thick 60m
About 4 meters of the lower section of roof 11 described in flat segment distance.
No matter embodiment one or embodiment two, the number of directed drilling 14 of the present invention sets according to the thickness in coal seam 12
Fixed, second side opening is arranged on after coal combustion more than grey layer height 0.5 meter of opening position, its in the gray layer highly preferred 2m, described
The bottom of peupendicular hole 15 is located in the seat earth 13, if the bottom plate in coal seam 12 is the mud stone of chance water softening, peupendicular hole 15
Bottom positioned at more than 13 0.5 meters of the seat earth or the lower section of the coal seam 12 lower 1 meter of mud stone；If the lower section of coal seam 12
For the bottom solid bottom of progress cement of soft mudstone, the then peupendicular hole 15, prevent argillization from blocking drilling.The horizontal segment is apart from coal seam
The horizontal segment of the nearest directed drilling of bottom plate 13 is located at the 0-0.5 rice on the seat earth 13, specifically can be according to the coal
The geologic property of the lower section of layer 12 determines, if the lower section of coal seam 12 is mud stone or soft mudstone, the horizontal segment apart from seat earth 13 most
Near directed drilling horizontal segment preferential position is located at 0.5 meter on the seat earth 13, if the lower section of the coal seam 12 is hard
Homogenous rock stratum, the horizontal segment directed drilling horizontal segment nearest apart from seat earth 13 can be located at the bottom in coal seam 12.The water
The horizontal segment of the nearest directed drilling of flat segment distance roof 11 is located at the lower section 3-10 rice of roof 12.
Embodiment three：
The present embodiment provides a kind of coal underground gasification method, utilizes the underground coal gasification furnace gas described in embodiment one
Change subterranean coal, comprise the following steps that：
Step S1：Open the 5th directed drilling 14E and the intersection of peupendicular hole 15 the first side opening and unlatching the 4th
Directed drilling 14D and the first side opening of the intersection of peupendicular hole 15, while open the 5th directed drilling 14E and hung down with described
The second side opening above first side opening of the intersection of straight well 15；Step S2：Oriented using the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th
Drilling well 14D is inversely gasified to coal seam, the coal gas of production is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 4th directed drilling 14D；Step
Rapid S3：Entered to what gasification was completed by the burned out area formed between the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th directed drilling 14D
Row filling and reinforcing；Step S4：Other side opening orders are opened successively by other directed drillings to coal seam gasification, until the coal
Layer bottom plate 13 and the first directed drilling 14A between coal seam all gasify, and to after the completion of each gasification by adjacent two
The burned out area formed between individual directed drilling is filled and reinforced；Step S5：Open the first directed drilling 14A with it is described vertical
First side opening of the junction of well 15 and the first side opening top for opening the first directed drilling 14A and the junction of peupendicular hole 15
The second side opening, while open the peupendicular hole 15；Step S6：Utilize the first directed drilling 14A and the peupendicular hole
15 pairs of coal seam gasifications, the coal gas of production is set to be delivered to by the peupendicular hole 15 in the gaspipe network of ground；Step S7：Gasification is completed
Be filled and reinforced by the burned out area formed between the first directed drilling 14A and the roof 11 so that
All gasify in coal seam between the first directed drilling 14A and the roof 11.
Coal underground gasification method described in the present embodiment, by the in the vertical direction of coal seam 12 from bottom to top progressively gas
Change, including by the coal seam between the first directed drilling 14A and seat earth 13 progressively gasify and by the first directed drilling 14A with
Coal seam gasification between roof 11.Wherein, by the coal seam between the first directed drilling 14A and the seat earth 13
The step of progressively gasifying is as follows：Step S1：Open the tenth side opening 16J, the 9th side opening 16I and the 8th side opening 16H；Step
Rapid S2：Coal seam is inversely gasified using the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th directed drilling 14D, wherein, with described
Five directed drilling 14E are specifically, fixed to the described 5th as outlet passageway as inlet channel, the 4th directed drilling 14D
The gas injection device that gas injection end is transferred into drilling well 14E has ignition function carries out passage igniting, and gas is inputted from the gas injection device
Agent is to the reverse gasification in coal seam, so as to effectively avoid gasification cavity from extending the influence to gas quality, make the coal gas of production via
Described ten side opening 16J and the 9th side opening 16I enters the peupendicular hole 15, and coal gas flows into the 8th by the peupendicular hole 15 again
Individual side opening 16H, the 4th directed drilling 14D is flowed to by the 8th side opening 16H, coal gas is finally delivered to ground coal gas
Pipe network, due to the coal seam of heat transmission caused by the coal combustion between inlet channel and outlet passageway to top, to top
Fresh coal seam is preheated, and is not only advantageous to the gasification subsequently to fresh coal seam, improves gasification efficiency, and take full advantage of
The energy；In the step S3, to gasification completion by between the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th directed drilling 14D
The burned out area of formation is filled and reinforced, so as to complete the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th directed drilling 14D it
Between coal seam gasification；In the step S4, other side opening orders are opened successively by other directed drillings to coal seam gasification, until
Coal seam between the seat earth 13 and the first directed drilling 14A is all gasified, and to after the completion of each gasification by
The burned out area formed between two neighboring directed drilling is filled and reinforced, specifically, unlatching the 8th side opening 16H,
7th side opening 16G and the 6th side opening 16F, using the 4th directed drilling 14D and the 3rd directed drilling 14C to coal seam
Inversely gasified, wherein, using the 4th directed drilling 14D as inlet channel, the 3rd directed drilling 14C is used as
Gas passage, the coal gas of production is set to enter the peupendicular hole 15, coal gas via described 8th side opening 16H and the 7th side opening 16G
The 6th side opening 16F is flowed into by the peupendicular hole 15 again, the 3rd directed drilling 14C is flowed to by the 6th side opening 16F,
Coal gas is set finally to be delivered to ground gaspipe network；It is fixed with the described 3rd to the 4th directed drilling 14D that gasification is completed respectively
It is filled and reinforces to the burned out area formed between drilling well 14C；Same method and step is continued with until completing to first
The gasification in coal seam between directed drilling 14A and the second directed drilling 14B, until the first directed drilling 14A and the coal seam
All gasify in coal seam between bottom plate 13.Coal seam whole gas between the first directed drilling 14A and the seat earth 13
After change, start the coal seam gasified between the first directed drilling 14A and the roof 11, first turn on described second
Side opening 16B, first side opening 16A, and the peupendicular hole 15 is opened simultaneously；Then the first directed drilling 14A and institute are utilized
State peupendicular hole 15 inversely to gasify to coal seam, the coal gas of production is passed through second side opening 16B and first side opening
16A is transmitted into the peupendicular hole 15, and final coal gas is delivered in the gaspipe network of ground by the peupendicular hole 15；Finally to gasification
That completes is filled and is reinforced by the burned out area formed between the first directed drilling 14A and the roof 11, from
And coal seam is set to be gasified totally.
In the step S2, inlet channel is lighted a fire, the injection rate of ignition process control gasifying agent is stable fiery to be formed
Source, air is typically chosen as gasifying agent, preferred 200-500 cubes m/h of the flow of gasifying agent；To the reverse of inlet channel
Gasification needs to control the flow and oxygen concentration of injection gasifying agent, the preferred 2000-3000 cubic meters of gasification agent flux/small
When, the preferred 50-70% of oxygen concentration,
During the present embodiment coal seam gasification, the movement of gas injection device is controlled by gas composition, when effective in the coal gas of production
After constituent content sum declines 25% after steady a period of time, the towing device by ground will move after air injection pipe, carry out next
The gasification in section coal seam, active principle content rises, is decreased obviously after steady a period of time in coal gas again when, again after decant(-ation) gas dress
Put, until burning flame range extends to the entering near coal point of the inlet channel, because gasification face uses retrusive gasification side
Formula, effectively prevent gasification cavity and extend influence to gas quality, wherein it is described enter coal point refer to inclination section in inlet channel
On somewhere position.
In the step S6, using the first directed drilling 14A and the peupendicular hole 15 to coal seam gasification until combustion
Area of making a fire extends to the entering near coal point of the first directed drilling 14A, the coal gas of production is delivered to by the peupendicular hole 15
In the gaspipe network of ground.
The present invention for ultra-thick coal bed using gasification mode from bottom to top, the burned out area finished to exploitation be filled with
Reinforce, by building artificial bottom plate, effectively prevent being caving for superjacent, ensure that the stabilization of ultra-thick coal bed gasification
Property.
Example IV：
The present embodiment provides a kind of coal underground gasification method, utilizes the underground coal gasification furnace gas described in embodiment two
Change subterranean coal, be with the difference of embodiment three：The present embodiment is when gasifying coal seam, positioned at the both sides of peupendicular hole 15
Coal seam in same level is progressively gasified simultaneously, so as to effectively improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam, is comprised the following steps that：
Step S1：Open the tenth side opening 16J, the 9th side opening 16I, the 8th side opening 16H and the 20th side opening
16U, the 19th side opening 16T, the 18th side opening 16S；Step S2：Oriented using the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th
Drilling well 14D is inversely gasified to coal seam, the coal gas of production is delivered to ground gaspipe network by the 4th directed drilling 14D, together
The tenth directed drilling 14J and the 9th directed drilling 14I are inversely gasified to coal seam described in Shi Liyong, make the coal gas of production by
Nine directed drilling 14I are delivered to ground gaspipe network, heat caused by the coal combustion of same level is transmitted supreme
The coal seam of side, is preheated to the coal seam of top, is advantageous to improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam；Step S3：Gasification is completed
By the burned out area that is formed between the 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th directed drilling 14D and gasification complete by institute
State the burned out area formed between the tenth directed drilling 14J and the 9th directed drilling 14I to be filled and reinforce, described in completion
The gasification in coal seam and the 9th directed drilling 14I and institute between 5th directed drilling 14E and the 4th directed drilling 14D
The gasification in coal seam between the tenth directed drilling 14J is stated, makes in the coal seam of the both sides same level of peupendicular hole 15 while completes
Gasification；Step S4：Other side opening orders are opened successively by other directed drillings to coal seam gasification, up to the peupendicular hole 15
Coal seam between the seat earth 13 of both sides and the first directed drilling 14A is all gasified, and each gasification is completed
Being filled and being reinforced by the burned out area formed between two neighboring directed drilling afterwards；Step S5：Open first side opening
16A, second side opening 16B and the 11st side opening 16K, the 12nd side opening 16L, while open the peupendicular hole 15；Step
Rapid S6：Using the first directed drilling 14A and the peupendicular hole 15 to coal seam gasification, while utilize the 6th Directional Drilling
Well 14F and the peupendicular hole 15 make the coal gas of production be delivered to ground gas pipe by the peupendicular hole 15 coal seam gasification
In net；Step S7：Gasification is completed by the burned out area that is formed between the first directed drilling 14A and the roof 11
And gasification complete by the burned out area formed between the 6th directed drilling 14F and the roof 11 be filled with
Reinforce so that coal seam described in the side of the peupendicular hole 15 between first directed drilling 14A and the roof 11 with
And the coal seam described in the opposite side of peupendicular hole 15 between the 6th directed drilling 14F and the roof 11 is all gasified.
Coal underground gasification method described in the present embodiment, the 15 side arbitrary neighborhood of peupendicular hole, two directed drillings it
Between coal seam between the two neighboring directed drilling of same level of coal seam and the opposite side of the peupendicular hole 15 gasify simultaneously,
Coal seam is progressively gasified from lower end to upper end in vertical direction, realize the parallel running simultaneously of two row gasification furnaces, it is impossible to ensure that super
The stability of high seam gasification, and gasification efficiency increases substantially.
To sum up, above technical scheme of the present invention has advantages below：
1. underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, multiple Directional Drillings are sequentially arranged successively along the side of the peupendicular hole
Well, using the type of furnace described in the present embodiment, not only the speed of the structure type of furnace is fast, and cost is low, and ultra-thick coal bed is gasified
Shi Buhui causes the wasting of resources, is advantageous to the exploitation to superthick coal seam, and effectively prevent ultra-thick coal bed and use traditional gasification
The wasting of resources caused by during furnace gas；The peupendicular hole is provided with multiple side openings vertically, is controlled by the keying of each side opening
Inlet channel and outlet passageway, so as to be advantageous to the burning in Discrete control coal seam, improve the combustion rate in coal seam；First side opening
Top is additionally provided with the second side opening, and during coal seam gasification, coal ash accumulation is produced with the burning in coal seam, if coal ash be deposited in some the
During one side opening, side opening at this can be caused to be blocked, coal gas can not be transmitted smoothly to the peupendicular hole, therefore passes through described second
The setting of side opening, it is ensured that coal gas is smoothly transmitted into ground gaspipe network via the peupendicular hole.
2. underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, the one side of the peupendicular hole is respectively equipped with multiple directed drillings, edge
The coal seam vertical direction is in distribution, and the side of the vertical section of each directed drilling along the peupendicular hole is successively to remote up and down
The direction extension arrangement of peupendicular hole, the horizontal segment of each directed drilling are parallel to each other, led to so as to be advantageous to coal gas in air inlet
The transmission in road and outlet passageway, effectively improve the gasification efficiency in coal seam.
3. underground coal gasification furnace of the present invention, the both sides of the peupendicular hole are respectively equipped with multiple directed drillings, lead to
To cross a shared peupendicular hole and form two type of furnaces arranged side by side respectively, the speed that this implementation not only builds the type of furnace is fast, and cost is low,
And the parallel running simultaneously of the two row type of furnaces can be realized, furthermore, during coal seam gasification, the coal seam of peupendicular hole both sides same level
Gasify simultaneously, so as to accelerate the burning in coal seam, increase substantially gasification efficiency.
4. coal underground gasification method of the present invention, by the coal seam in the vertical direction from bottom to top progressively gas
Change, including the coal seam between the first directed drilling and seat earth is progressively gasified and by the first directed drilling and roof
Between coal seam gasification, the burned out area that finishes of exploitation is filled, artificial bottom plate is built, effectively prevent collapsing for superjacent
Fall, ensure that the stability of ultra-thick coal bed gasification.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, not to the restriction of embodiment.For
For those of ordinary skill in the art, other various forms of changes or change can also be made on the basis of the above description
It is dynamic.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change or change thus extended out
Move still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underground coal gasification furnace, including roof and the seat earth below the roof, institute
State and coal seam is provided between roof and the seat earth, it is multiple fixed to be provided with through the roof and in the coal seam
To drilling well, a peupendicular hole is provided with to seat earth extension through the roof and the coal seam, wherein described each
The end of individual directed drilling is interconnected with the peupendicular hole, it is characterised in that：Sequentially arranged successively along the peupendicular hole homonymy
Multiple directed drillings, and all orientations between the horizontal segment directed drilling nearest from the seat earth and the roof
Drilling well is both used as inlet channel, is used as outlet passageway again, and the peupendicular hole is provided with multiple first side openings and multiple second vertically
Side opening, wherein any one first side opening are located at the junction of the directed drilling and the peupendicular hole, the second side opening position
In the top of first side opening.
2. underground coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The one side of the peupendicular hole is respectively equipped with
Multiple directed drillings, and the side of the vertical section of each directed drilling along the peupendicular hole is prolonged to the direction away from peupendicular hole successively
Arrangement is stretched, and the horizontal segment of each directed drilling is parallel to each other.
3. underground coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The both sides of the peupendicular hole are equipped with more
Individual directed drilling, and in the same side of the peupendicular hole, the vertical section of each directed drilling is successively to the direction away from peupendicular hole
Extension arrangement.
4. underground coal gasification furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：One of any side of peupendicular hole
The horizontal segment of directed drilling in same level of the horizontal segment of directed drilling and the peupendicular hole opposite side passes through described the
One side opening communicates.
5. a kind of method of any one of underground coal gasification furnace gasification subterranean coal in 1-4 using claim,
It is characterized in that：The coal seam in the vertical direction is from bottom to top progressively gasified, makes horizontal segment apart from roof nearest
Coal seam between directed drilling and seat earth is progressively gasified, and the horizontal segment directed drilling nearest from the seat earth and institute
All directed drillings stated between roof are both used as inlet channel, are used as outlet passageway again, and its step is as follows：
Step S1：Open first side opening of two directed drillings of arbitrary neighborhood and the peupendicular hole junction and positioned at described two
The second side opening among individual first side opening；
Step S2:The directed drilling that position is below to vertical direction in two neighboring directed drilling is lighted a fire and carries out reverse gas
Change, make coal gas caused by coal combustion via the first of the directed drilling for being below position and the peupendicular hole junction
Side opening and the second side opening above first side opening enter peupendicular hole, and coal gas passes through the orientation in top position
Drilling well is delivered to ground gaspipe network；
Step S3：It is filled and is reinforced by the burned out area formed between two neighboring directed drilling to what gasification was completed.
6. the method for gasification subterranean coal according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：To the coal seam vertical direction by
It is lower and on when progressively gasifying, including the step of the coal seam of peupendicular hole both sides same level is gasified simultaneously.
7. the method for gasification subterranean coal according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Peupendicular hole side arbitrary neighborhood
Coal seam and the peupendicular hole opposite side between two directed drillings is between the two neighboring directed drilling of same level
Gasify simultaneously in coal seam.
8. the method for gasification subterranean coal according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In the step S2, to adjacent two
The directed drilling igniting that vertical direction is below position in individual directed drilling is by the orientation for being below position
The gas injection device that gas injection end is transferred in drilling well has ignition function carries out passage igniting.
9. the method for gasification subterranean coal according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：During the directed drilling construction, to
Tripping in suspension device in the horizontal channel of the directed drilling.
10. the method for gasification subterranean coal according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The horizontal segment pushes up apart from coal seam
After the completion of coal seam gasification between plate nearest directed drilling and seat earth, continue that horizontal segment is nearest apart from roof
Coal seam between directed drilling and roof is gasified, and its step is as follows：First, the horizontal segment is opened to push up apart from coal seam
First side opening of the nearest directed drilling of plate and the peupendicular hole junction and open the horizontal segment apart from roof most
Near directed drilling and the second side opening above the first side opening of the peupendicular hole junction, while open the peupendicular hole；So
Afterwards, the directed drilling nearest apart from roof to horizontal segment is lighted a fire and inversely gasified, and makes the coal gas of production by peupendicular hole
It is delivered in the gaspipe network of ground；Finally, the directed drilling nearest apart from roof by horizontal segment completed to gasification and institute
The burned out area formed between roof is stated to be filled and reinforce.
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| CN106437673B (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2019-05-17 | 中为(上海)能源技术有限公司 | Linear gasification furnace and operating method for coal underground gasifying technology |
| CN107083948A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-22 | 新疆国利衡清洁能源科技有限公司 | A kind of coal underground gasifying furnace furnace body structure and construction method |
| CN108756846A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-06 | 李勇 | The underground coal gasification passage and gasification process being made of Multi-layer U-shape docking well group |
| CN109736766B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-11-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal seam advanced fracturing C-shaped furnace method for strengthening coal underground gasification chemical reaction |
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