CN105112748A - High-strength cast aluminum and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength cast aluminum and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-strength cast aluminum alloy. The high-strength cast aluminum alloy comprises, by weight, 1%-3% of Cu, 0.1%-1% of Si, 0.15%-1.5% of Mg, 0.05%-0.2% of Mn, 0.02%-0.2% of Zr, 0.1%-0.3% of Ti and the balance aluminum and other impurity elements. The content of the other impurity elements is smaller than 0.005%. After pure aluminum is molten, corresponding intermediate alloy is added according to the composition proportion, refining is conducted at the temperature of 740 DEG C by means of a specialized refining agent, the temperature is decreased to 730 DEG C after stirring is sufficiently conducted, and standing is conducted for 10 min. An Al-Ti-B modificator is used for modification. The high-strength cast aluminum alloy is adapted to the gravity casting process at the temperature of 20 DEG C; at the temperature of 20 DEG C, the tensile strength of a casting made of the high-strength aluminum alloy ranges from 320 Pa to 370 Pa, the yield strength of the casting ranges from 200 MPa to 260 MPa, the ductility ranges is 2%-6%, and the high-strength cast aluminum alloy can be applied to structural components, having requirements for material performance, in the industries such as the automobile industry and the communication industry. Compared with conventional copper alloy, the high-strength cast aluminum alloy has remarkable advantages on the aspect of strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high strength cast aluminum alloys, after thermal treatment, performance is close to reflectal, is applicable to gravity casting, belongs to metal material field.
Background technology
Along with automobile and the light-weighted development of communications industry, automotive light weight technology novel material and novel process are following demands.Lightweight novel material is light-weighted Main Means, security is light-weighted prerequisite, people are when being optimized design to traditional structure, can carry out there is optimization design, segment thickness is thinning, this requires higher to the strength of materials, and the light alloy needing research and development high strength badly meets the demand of following lightweighting materials.Research and develop a kind of high strength cast aluminum alloys for automobile, communications industry lightweight development be necessary.
At automobile and machinery industry, along with light-weighted propelling, " with Cast Strip forging, with aluminium strip steel " has become automobile, the light-weighted a kind of trend of communication.The ratio of auto-parts aluminium alloy spare and accessory parts is more and more higher, and die casting is the common techniques of auto-parts, but due to die casting can not heat treatment reinforcement, and there is the problem of Shinkage and dispersed porosity, die casting can only be used for automobile non-structural part.Structural part mainly high-strength steel, cast iron and reflectal at present, on automobile, structural part requires higher to the strength of materials.High-end aluminium alloy car part ratio is apparently higher than common car, what reason was that luxury car aluminium alloy spare and accessory parts adopt is high strength duralumin, reflectal intensity is high, after optimization design, aluminium alloy spare and accessory parts intensity is not less than steel part and ironcasting, but reflectal cost is high, complete processing is complicated, and large-scale promotion difficulty is larger.In order to advance the usage ratio of aluminium alloy on auto-parts, needing a kind of aldural of exploitation badly, the intensity of reflectal can be reached by casting technique, reducing cost.
Several systems class aldural of current existence, mainly AL-Cu series, 5 are and 7 line aluminium alloys, but 5 is be that conventional aluminium alloy flowing property is bad with 7, there is hot cracking tendency, can only be used for the simple structural part of structure, it is complete that complicated structural part cannot fill type.The present invention, mainly for based on existing serial cast aluminium alloy, is optimized by diversification alloy, improves that current cast aluminium alloy intensity is not high, poor mobile performance, has the shortcoming of hot cracking tendency.Invent a kind of high strength cast aluminum alloys, intensity is high, and casting fluidity is good.
The present invention is based on the solution strengthening of alloying element and aging strengthening model strengthening, the kind of rational proportion alloying element and ratio, preparation diversification alloy, prepares high strength cast aluminum alloys by the synergy of alloying element, the alloying element added mainly Cu, Si, Mg, Mn, Zr, the elements such as Ti, the AL-Cu-Si-Mg-Mn-Zr-Ti diversification aldural of exploitation high strength.
Summary of the invention
1, object of the present invention.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of aldural, Al-Cu-Si-Mg-Mn-Zr-Ti aluminium alloy, this aluminum alloy materials at 25 DEG C, yield strength 170-220MPa, tensile strength 300-380MPa, unit elongation 3-7%.This alloy can be used for automobile and communications industry complex-shaped and to above the higher component of requirement of strength, relative conventional aluminum alloys, has high strength and the good advantage of casting fluidity, has a good application prospect.
2, the technical solution adopted in the present invention.
A kind of high strength cast aluminum alloys, the chemical composition content of this alloy is: content 1 3wt.% of Cu, the content of Si is 0.1-1wt.%, the content of Mg is 0.15 1.5wt.%, the content of the content of Mn to be the content of 0.05 0.2%, Zr be 0.02 0.2%, Ti is 0.1-0.3%, all the other are aluminium and other impurity element, and other impurity content is less than 0.005%.
At high strength cast aluminum alloys of the present invention, the content of described Cu is preferably 1.5 3.0wt.%
At high strength cast aluminum alloys of the present invention, the content of described Si is preferably 0.1 0.8wt.%
At high strength cast aluminum alloys of the present invention, the content of described Mg is preferably 0.15 1.0wt.%
At high strength cast aluminum alloys of the present invention, the content of described Mn is preferably 0.05 0.15wt.%
At high strength cast aluminum alloys of the present invention, the content of described Zr is preferably 0.02 0.15wt.%
At high strength cast aluminum alloys of the present invention, the content of described Ti is preferably 0.1 0.25wt.%
At high strength cast aluminum alloys of the present invention, other foreign matter content is less than 0.004%
Alloying element adds requirement: Cu element adds with Al-Cu master alloy form, Si element can add with pure Si or Al-Si master alloy form, Mg element can Mg ingot forms or Mg-AL master alloy form add, Mn element al-Zn master alloy form adds, and Sr adds with master alloy Al-Sr master alloy form.Above-mentioned alloying element adds the fashionable burn out rate needing to consider alloy, ensures that the alloying element ratio after scaling loss requires within element ratio scope in patent of invention.
Described aluminium alloy is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
(1) prepare starting material and stove cleaning, stove needs to clean up, and avoids the alloy remained to affect the performance of alloy.Now get the raw materials ready according to alloying constituent ratio, alloying element can with isozygoty gold and intermediate form add, Cu element adds with made of Al-Cu alloy, or Si element adds with simple substance Al-Si master alloy form, or Mg element adds with pure Mg Al-Mg alloy, and Mn element adds with Al-Mn alloy; Zr element adds with Al-Zr alloy form; Ti element adds with Al-Ti alloy form.
(2) aluminium ingot surface cleaning clean after, fine aluminium ingot is put into pit furnace crucible, and heating crucible carries out melting, and temperature of aluminum liquid controls between 690-710 DEG C.
(3) when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 700 DEG C, Al-Cu master alloy after oven dry, Al-Si alloy, Al-Mg alloy are joined in aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid is warming up to 760 DEG C, by Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, joins in aluminium liquid together, be incubated after 5 minutes, add in the middle of Al-Ti and close, be incubated 15 minutes, ensure that the master alloy added all melts.
(4), when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 DEG C, start to add the special refining agent of aluminium alloy and carry out refining, in refining process with refining spoon stir up and down 5 minutes abundant to refining and modifying.Refining is cooled to 730 DEG C of insulations, leaves standstill 5 minutes, makes inclusion float fully or sink, then carries out pulling out slag.
(5) carry out Metamorphism treatment during temperature of aluminum liquid 730 DEG C, add AL-Ti-B alterant and go bad, stir fully and leave standstill 10 minutes.Pull out slag after leaving standstill, remove surface scale and impurities at bottom.
(6) by refining, rotten after temperature of aluminum liquid be down to 700 DEG C and prepare cast, adopt metal gravity pouring technology, casting mold is warming up to 200 DEG C in an oven, joins among mould with scoop by aluminium liquid, and after mold cools down, foundry goods takes out, and detects mechanical property.
3, beneficial effect of the present invention.
This alloy adapts to and gravity casting technique, at this high-strength casting alloy 20 DEG C foundry goods yield strength die casting tensile strength 320-370Pa between, between yield strength 200-260MPa, between unit elongation 2-6%, can be used for the industry such as automobile, communication on the structural part of material performance requirement.Compared with conventional aluminum bronze series alloy, on intensity, there is obvious advantage.
Embodiment
In order to enable the auditor of Patent Office especially the public clearly understand technical spirit of the present invention and beneficial effect, applicant will elaborate below by way of example, but be not all the restriction to the present invention program to the description of embodiment, any conceive according to the present invention done be only pro forma but not substantial equivalent transformation and all should be considered as technical scheme category of the present invention.
Embodiment
For 25kg, be example according to AL-1.5Cu-0.1Si-0.5Mg-0.05Mn-0.02Zr-0.1Ti proportioning, calculate the quality of master alloy, get the raw materials ready.
Prepare starting material and stove cleaning, stove needs to clean up, and avoids the alloy remained to affect the performance of alloy.Now get the raw materials ready according to alloying constituent ratio, alloying element can with isozygoty gold and intermediate form add, Cu element adds with made of Al-Cu alloy, or Si element adds with simple substance Al-Si master alloy form, or Mg element adds with pure Mg Al-Mg alloy, and Mn element adds with Al-Mn alloy; Zr element adds with Al-Zr alloy form; Ti element adds with Al-Ti alloy form.
After aluminium ingot surface cleaning is clean, fine aluminium ingot is put into pit furnace crucible, and heating crucible carries out melting, and temperature of aluminum liquid controls between 690-710 DEG C.
When temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 700 DEG C, Al-Cu master alloy after oven dry, Al-Si alloy, Al-Mg alloy are joined in aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid is warming up to 760 DEG C, by Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, joins in aluminium liquid together, be incubated after 5 minutes, add in the middle of Al-Ti and close, be incubated 15 minutes, ensure that the master alloy added all melts.
When temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 DEG C, start to add the special refining agent of aluminium alloy and carry out refining, in refining process with refining spoon stir up and down 5 minutes abundant to refining and modifying.Refining is cooled to 730 DEG C of insulations, leaves standstill 5 minutes, makes inclusion float fully or sink, then carries out pulling out slag.
Carry out Metamorphism treatment during temperature of aluminum liquid 730 DEG C, add AL-Ti-B alterant and go bad, stir fully and leave standstill 10 minutes.Pull out slag after leaving standstill, remove surface scale and impurities at bottom.
By refining, rotten after temperature of aluminum liquid be down to 700 DEG C and prepare cast, adopt metal gravity pouring technology, casting mold is warming up to 200 DEG C in an oven, joins among mould with scoop by aluminium liquid, and after mold cools down, foundry goods takes out, and detects mechanical property.The yield strength 200MPa of foundry goods, tensile strength 320a at this high-strength casting alloy 20 DEG C, unit elongation 4%.
Concrete case study on implementation 2
For 25kg, be example according to AL-2.5Cu-0.5Si-07Mg-0.1Mn-0.1Zr-0.15Ti proportioning, calculate the quality of master alloy, get the raw materials ready.
Prepare starting material and stove cleaning, stove needs to clean up, and avoids the alloy remained to affect the performance of alloy.Now get the raw materials ready according to alloying constituent ratio, alloying element can with isozygoty gold and intermediate form add, Cu element adds with made of Al-Cu alloy, or Si element adds with simple substance Al-Si master alloy form, or Mg element adds with pure Mg Al-Mg alloy, and Mn element adds with Al-Mn alloy; Zr element adds with Al-Zr alloy form; Ti element adds with Al-Ti alloy form.
After aluminium ingot surface cleaning is clean, fine aluminium ingot is put into pit furnace crucible, and heating crucible carries out melting, and temperature of aluminum liquid controls between 690-710 DEG C.
When temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 700 DEG C, Al-Cu master alloy after oven dry, Al-Si alloy, Al-Mg alloy are joined in aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid is warming up to 760 DEG C, by Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, joins in aluminium liquid together, be incubated after 5 minutes, add in the middle of Al-Ti and close, be incubated 15 minutes, ensure that the master alloy added all melts.
When temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 DEG C, start to add the special refining agent of aluminium alloy and carry out refining, in refining process with refining spoon stir up and down 5 minutes abundant to refining and modifying.Refining is cooled to 730 DEG C of insulations, leaves standstill 5 minutes, makes inclusion float fully or sink, then carries out pulling out slag.
Carry out Metamorphism treatment during temperature of aluminum liquid 730 DEG C, add AL-Ti-B alterant and go bad, stir fully and leave standstill 10 minutes.Pull out slag after leaving standstill, remove surface scale and impurities at bottom.
By refining, rotten after temperature of aluminum liquid be down to 700 DEG C and prepare cast, adopt metal gravity pouring technology, casting mold is warming up to 200 DEG C in an oven, joins among mould with scoop by aluminium liquid, and after mold cools down, foundry goods takes out, and detects mechanical property.The yield strength 260MPa of foundry goods at high-strength casting alloy 20 DEG C under this ratio, tensile strength 350a, unit elongation 6%.
Concrete case study on implementation 3
For 25kg, be example according to AL-3Cu-0.8Si-1Mg-0.15Mn-0.15Zr-0.25Ti proportioning, calculate the quality of master alloy, get the raw materials ready.
Prepare starting material and stove cleaning, stove needs to clean up, and avoids the alloy remained to affect the performance of alloy.Now get the raw materials ready according to alloying constituent ratio, alloying element can with isozygoty gold and intermediate form add, Cu element adds with made of Al-Cu alloy, or Si element adds with simple substance Al-Si master alloy form, or Mg element adds with pure Mg Al-Mg alloy, and Mn element adds with Al-Mn alloy; Zr element adds with Al-Zr alloy form; Ti element adds with Al-Ti alloy form.
After aluminium ingot surface cleaning is clean, fine aluminium ingot is put into pit furnace crucible, and heating crucible carries out melting, and temperature of aluminum liquid controls between 690-710 DEG C.
When temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 700 DEG C, Al-Cu master alloy after oven dry, Al-Si alloy, Al-Mg alloy are joined in aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid is warming up to 760 DEG C, by Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, joins in aluminium liquid together, be incubated after 5 minutes, add in the middle of Al-Ti and close, be incubated 15 minutes, ensure that the master alloy added all melts.
When temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 DEG C, start to add the special refining agent of aluminium alloy and carry out refining, in refining process with refining spoon stir up and down 5 minutes abundant to refining and modifying.Refining is cooled to 730 DEG C of insulations, leaves standstill 5 minutes, makes inclusion float fully or sink, then carries out pulling out slag.
Carry out Metamorphism treatment during temperature of aluminum liquid 730 DEG C, add AL-Ti-B alterant and go bad, stir fully and leave standstill 10 minutes.Pull out slag after leaving standstill, remove surface scale and impurities at bottom.
By refining, rotten after temperature of aluminum liquid be down to 700 DEG C and prepare cast, adopt metal gravity pouring technology, casting mold is warming up to 200 DEG C in an oven, joins among mould with scoop by aluminium liquid, and after mold cools down, foundry goods takes out, and detects mechanical property.The yield strength 250MPa of foundry goods, tensile strength 340a at this high-strength casting alloy 20 DEG C, unit elongation 2%.
Concrete implementation result is as shown in the table:
Claims (10)
1. a high strength cast aluminum alloys, it is characterized in that comprising: content 1 3wt.% of Cu, the content of Si is 0.1-1wt.%, the content of Mg is 0.15 1.5wt.%, the content of the content of Mn to be the content of 0.05 0.2%, Zr be 0.02 0.2%, Ti is 0.1-0.3%, all the other are aluminium and other impurity element, and other impurity content is less than 0.005%.
2. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the content of described Cu is preferably 1.5 3.0wt.%.
3. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the content of described Si is preferably 0.1 0.8wt.%.
4. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the content of described Mg is preferably 0.15 1.0wt.%.
5. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the content of described Mn is preferably 0.05 0.15wt.%.
6. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the content of described Zr is preferably 0.02 0.15wt.%.
7. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the content of described Ti is preferably 0.1 0.25wt.%.
8. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that: other foreign matter content is less than 0.004%.
9. high strength cast aluminum alloys according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Cu element adds with Al-Cu master alloy form, Si element can add with pure Si or Al-Si master alloy form, Mg element can Mg ingot forms or Mg-AL master alloy form add, Mn element al-Zn master alloy form adds, and Sr adds with master alloy Al-Sr master alloy form.
10. use a preparation method for the arbitrary described aluminium alloy of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that carrying out in accordance with the following steps:
Step 1, preparation starting material and stove cleaning, stove needs to clean up, the alloy remained is avoided to affect the performance of alloy, now get the raw materials ready according to alloying constituent ratio, alloying element can with isozygoty gold and intermediate form add, Cu element adds with made of Al-Cu alloy, or Si element adds with simple substance Al-Si master alloy form, or Mg element adds with pure Mg Al-Mg alloy, and Mn element adds with Al-Mn alloy; Zr element adds with Al-Zr alloy form; Ti element adds with Al-Ti alloy form;
After step 2, aluminium ingot surface cleaning are clean, fine aluminium ingot is put into pit furnace crucible, and heating crucible carries out melting, and temperature of aluminum liquid controls between 690-710 DEG C;
Step 3, when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 700 DEG C, Al-Cu master alloy after oven dry, Al-Si alloy, Al-Mg alloy are joined in aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid is warming up to 760 DEG C, by Al-Zr master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, joins in aluminium liquid together, be incubated after 5 minutes, add in the middle of Al-Ti and close, be incubated 15 minutes, ensure that the master alloy added all melts;
When step 4, temperature of aluminum liquid reach 750 DEG C, start to add the special refining agent of aluminium alloy and carry out refining, in refining process with refining spoon stir up and down 5 minutes abundant to refining and modifying, refining be cooled to 730 DEG C of insulations, standing 5 minutes, make inclusion float fully or sink, then carry out pulling out slag;
Carry out Metamorphism treatment when step 5, temperature of aluminum liquid 730 DEG C, add AL-Ti-B alterant and go bad, stir fully and leave standstill 10 minutes, after leaving standstill, pull out slag, remove surface scale and impurities at bottom;
Step 6, by refining, rotten after temperature of aluminum liquid be down to 700 DEG C and prepare cast, adopt metal gravity pouring technology, casting mold is warming up to 200 DEG C in an oven, with scoop, aluminium liquid is joined among mould, after mold cools down, foundry goods takes out, and detects mechanical property.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN106048314A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-26 | 济南大学 | Compound treatment method for aluminum-manganese alloy melt |
| CN106636787A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 苏州慧驰轻合金精密成型科技有限公司 | High-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106702235A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-05-24 | 苏州慧金新材料科技有限公司 | High-strength and high-breaking tenacity aluminum alloy |
| CN106978555A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-07-25 | 佛山市尚好门窗有限责任公司 | A kind of shock resistance aluminum alloy materials |
| CN107804127A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-16 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of air suspension support of heavy truck |
| CN108220718A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 潘换珍 | A kind of high intensity high-yield-ratio cast aluminium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109266925A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-25 | 东北大学 | A kind of preparation method of Al-Cu-Mg alloy pole stock |
| CN110951983A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-03 | 常州大学 | Method for refining 2618 aluminum alloy as-cast grain structure |
| CN113957429A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-21 | 成都银河动力有限公司 | Preparation and strengthening method of aluminum alloy for piston |
| CN114134376A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-04 | 无锡市世达精密焊管制造有限公司 | Mg-Cu aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109266925A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-25 | 东北大学 | A kind of preparation method of Al-Cu-Mg alloy pole stock |
| CN110951983A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-03 | 常州大学 | Method for refining 2618 aluminum alloy as-cast grain structure |
| CN113957429A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-21 | 成都银河动力有限公司 | Preparation and strengthening method of aluminum alloy for piston |
| CN114134376A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-04 | 无锡市世达精密焊管制造有限公司 | Mg-Cu aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20151202 |
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