CN105112730B - The aluminium alloy plate for battery case of formability and welding property excellent - Google Patents

The aluminium alloy plate for battery case of formability and welding property excellent Download PDF

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CN105112730B
CN105112730B CN201510362559.3A CN201510362559A CN105112730B CN 105112730 B CN105112730 B CN 105112730B CN 201510362559 A CN201510362559 A CN 201510362559A CN 105112730 B CN105112730 B CN 105112730B
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formability
aluminium alloy
alloy plate
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CN105112730A (en
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铃木健太
堀久司
金森圭治
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119Metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to can apply to the high intensity of large-scale lithium ion battery container, and have excellent formability, laser welding also excellent Al Fe line aluminium alloy plates.Aluminium alloy plate is the cold rolling material of value with more than 5% elongation and more than 90MPa tensile strength, and with following chemical compositions:Fe containing 0.3~1.5 mass %, 0.3~1.0 mass % Mn, 0.002~0.20 mass % Ti, 0.001~0.05 mass % Zr, 0.0005~0.10 mass % B, Mn/Fe mass ratio is 0.2~1.0, remainder is made up of Al and impurity, it is that Si is less than 0.20 mass % less than 0.30 mass %, Cu less than 0.20 mass %, Mg respectively as impurity;And it is less than 500/mm with equivalent circle diameter for more than 5 μm of second phase particles number2Metallographic.Or, aluminium alloy plate is that the value of elongation is more than 20% cold rolled annealed material.

Description

The aluminium alloy plate for battery case of formability and welding property excellent
The application is that international application no is PCT/JP2011/080130, and international filing date is the PCT on December 26th, 2011 International application enters entitled " formability and the welding property excellent that national applications number after the Chinese stage is 201180055947.7 The divisional application of the Chinese patent application of aluminium alloy plate for battery case ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to formability and laser welding used in the secondary cell container of lithium ion battery etc. are excellent Aluminium alloy plate.
Background technology
The 3000 of Al-Mn systems be alloy because intensity, formability and laser welding are more excellent, therefore be gradually used as Raw material when manufacturing the secondary cell container of lithium ion battery etc..Tapped into after the shape needed for being configured to by Laser Welding Row sealing, is used as secondary cell with container.By with above-mentioned 3000 be alloy and existing 3000 be alloy based on, it is also complete The exploitation for the secondary cell container aluminium alloy plate being improved into intensity and formability.
For example, having recorded the square-section battery case with following characteristics in No. 4001007 publications of Japanese Patent No. Use aluminium alloy plate:As the composition of aluminium alloy plate, the Si containing 0.10~0.60 mass %, 0.20~0.60 mass % Fe, 0.10~0.70 mass % Cu, 0.60~1.50 mass % Mn, 0.20~1.20 mass % Mg, more than 0.12 mass % And Zr, 0.05~0.25 mass % Ti, 0.0010~0.02 mass % B less than 0.20 mass %, remainder is by Al Constituted with inevitable impurity, 45 ° of earing rate (Japaneses with cylindrical vessel deep drawing forming process relative to rolling direction:45° Ear rate) it is 4~7%.
On the other hand, following square lithium ion battery case aluminium alloy plates be also developed recently as battery container:Tool There are enough intensity and drawing-thinning drawing processing, creep properties, laser welding is excellent, and discharge and recharge can be suppressed and follow Thickness of shell increase during ring.The square electricity with following compositions has been recorded in Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2010-126804 publications Pond container aluminium alloy plate:Mn containing more than 0.8 mass % and in below 1.8 mass %, more than 0.6 mass % and 1.2 Below quality % Mg, more than 0.5 mass % and in below 1.5 mass % Cu, the Fe as impurity is limited in 0.5 matter Amount below %, Si are limited in below 0.3 mass %, and remainder is made up of Al and inevitable impurity, { 001 }<100>Take To orientation density C and { 123 }<634>The ratio between orientation density S of orientation (C/S) also has, finally less than 1.5 more than 0.65 Tensile strength after cold rolling is in more than 250MPa below 330MPa, and elongation is more than 1%.
But, by 3000 be alloy based on and in the case of the aluminium alloy plate improved is constituted to it, it is known that Welding penetration is not enough sometimes, can according to circumstances produce abnormal bead (Japanese:ビ ー De), exist in laser welding and ask Topic.
Then, also developed by 1000 be based on the excellent secondary cell container aluminium alloy plate of laser welding. Recorded in Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2009-127075 publications by carrying out pulsed laser welding, abnormal portion to A1000 systems aluminium Generation prevented, the pulsed laser welding aluminium alloy material and battery container of good weld part can be formed uniformly. Thus, the Ti for being used to suppress the coarsening of crystal grain and add in casting process in the past produces harmful effect to weld part, in order to The formation of abnormal portion when preventing from welding A1000 system's aluminium is fetched by pulse laser welding, as long as Ti contained in fine aluminium is limited For less than 0.01 mass %.
Further, as by 3000 be alloy based on and improve the aluminium alloy of high intensity, formability, weldability, in day The Mn comprising 0.3~1.5 mass % is proposed in this patent JP 2003-7260 publications, more than 1.0 and in 1.8 mass % Following Fe, the secondary cell housing aluminium alloy plate that remainder is made up of Al and inevitable impurity.It can also contain 0.1~0.8 mass % Cu and/or Mg, and/or 0.05~0.2 mass % more than 0.10 and in below 1.0 mass % Cr And/or 0.05~0.2 mass % Zr.But, detailed investigation is not carried out to weldability.
The content of the invention
In most cases, although 1000 being weldability stable (abnormal bead number is few), having excellent formability, exist intensity compared with Low the problem of.Therefore, in the evolution of the maximization of lithium ion battery, expectation also requires high-strength characteristic, directly makes There is problem with the 1000 aluminiums aspects for being.
As described above, in the case of 3000 alloy sheets for being, although intensity and deep fusion penetration can be obtained, but be with 1000 Alloy sheets compare, have the tendency of that formability is poor, abnormal bead number is more.In addition, in the case of 1000 alloy sheets for being, although Have excellent formability, abnormal bead number reduces, but has the anxiety of intensity deficiency.
The present invention is the invention in order to solve the above problems and propose, a kind of large-scale with can be used in the purpose is to provide The high intensity of lithium ion battery container, and have excellent formability, laser welding also excellent Al-Fe line aluminium alloy plates.
In order to achieve the above object, the feature of the aluminium alloy plate for battery case of formability of the invention and welding property excellent It is, with following chemical compositions:Fe containing 0.3~1.5 mass %, 0.3~1.0 mass % Mn, 0.002~0.20 matter % Ti is measured, Mn/Fe mass ratio is 0.2~1.0, and remainder is made up of Al and inevitable impurity, as can not keep away Si, Cu and the Mg for the impurity exempted from, Si are less than 0.20 mass % less than 0.30 mass %, Cu less than 0.20 mass %, Mg;And have There is the second phase particles number that equivalent circle diameter is more than 5 μm to be less than 500/mm2Metallographic.
In the case of cold rolling material, the tensile strength cold rolling material with more than 5% elongation values and more than 90MPa. In addition, in the case of cold rolled annealed material is made, with more than 20% elongation values.
In order to which ingot bar rupture during casting or bead rupture during laser welding can be prevented, can also containing 0.05~ 0.20 mass % Zr.
The aluminium alloy plate of the present invention has high intensity, formability also excellent, and has excellent laser welding, therefore The secondary cell container that airtight performance is excellent and expansion energy is inhibited can be manufactured with low cost.
Particularly in the case of cold rolling material, cold rolled annealed material is being made in the tensile strength with more than 90MPa In the case of, elongation values show excellent formability for more than 20%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of measure/evaluation method of specification exception bead number, and (A) is welding bead (Japanese:Weld ビ ー De) Top view, (B) is to represent the figure along the bead change width of bead length direction.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the measure/evaluation method for illustrating fusion penetration, and (A) is the top view of welding bead, and (B) is sectional view.
Embodiment
After secondary cell is by the way that electrode body is put into container, is installed using welding etc. and cover, sealed to manufacture.If This secondary cell is used for mobile phone etc., then in charging, has the temperature inside container and rises, the pressure increase inside container Situation.Therefore, if constituting the low intensity of the material of container, manufactured container has the problem of occurring big expansion. Therefore, as used material, it is desirable to high intensity.
In addition, as the method for constituting container, usually using extrusion, it requires that used material has itself excellent Different extrusion molding.
Welding is used moreover, installing lid and carrying out sealed method, therefore also requires that weldability is also excellent.Moreover, conduct Welding during secondary cell container etc. is manufactured, it is more using the situation of method of laser welding.
On the other hand, on laser welding, stability, the stabilization of fusion penetration of (1) weld width can be enumerated as problem Property and (2) obtain for weld width deeper fusion penetration.
Typically, if weld width broadens, fusion penetration also has the tendency of intensification.Therefore, in local abnormal bead Portion, weld width is broadened, fusion penetration is deepened, it is serious in the case of, it may occur that fusing department is penetrated, so as to cause the performance of battery With the decline of reliability.
In addition, on the other hand, in order to investigate fusion penetration, in addition it is also necessary to observe substantial amounts of section, to pay hard work.Can It is, as noted previously, as it is related between the weld width and fusion penetration in same alloy, so being examined by determining weld width Abnormal (thick) bead is measured, the ratio of the bead of the fusion penetration exception of generation problem can be simply investigated.
The present inventor is excellent in order to obtain high intensity, extrusion molding, and the exception occurred by inquiry in weld part Bead number and the laser welding known in the fusion penetration of weld part also excellent aluminium alloy plate, are repeated and conscientiously study, from And complete the present invention.
Below, its content is illustrated.
First, illustrate the effect of each element contained in the secondary cell container aluminium alloy plate of the present invention, appropriate contain Amount etc..
Fe:0.3~1.5 mass %
Fe can increase the intensity of aluminium alloy plate, it is ensured that the fusion penetration in laser welding, so being indispensable element.If Fe contains Amount is less than 0.3 mass %, then the intensity of aluminium alloy plate declines, and fusion penetration during laser welding reduces, so not preferred.If Fe's Content is more than 1.5 mass %, then Al- (FeMn)-Si systems, Al when ingot bar is cast6Intermetallic compound knot thick Fe etc. Partial crystallization goes out, and the formability of till soleplate declines, and the evaporation easier than Al matrixes in laser welding of these intermetallic compounds, different Normal bead number increase, weldability decline, so not preferred.
Therefore, Fe contents use 0.3~1.5 mass % scope.Preferred Fe contents are 0.5~1.5 mass % Scope.Further preferred Fe contents are 0.7~1.5 mass % scopes.
Mn:0.3~1.0 mass %
Mn can increase the intensity of aluminium alloy plate, it is ensured that the fusion penetration in laser welding, so being indispensable element.If Mn contains Amount is less than 0.3 mass %, then the intensity of aluminium alloy plate declines, and fusion penetration during laser welding reduces, so not preferred.If Mn content is more than 1.0 mass %, then Al- (FeMn)-Si systems, Al when ingot bar is cast6Intermetallic thick Mn etc. Thing crystallization is separated out, and the formability of till soleplate declines, and the steaming easier than Al matrixes in laser welding of these intermetallic compounds Hair, abnormal bead number increase, weldability decline, so not preferred.
Therefore, Mn contents use 0.3~1.0 mass % scope.Preferred Mn contents are 0.3~0.8 mass % Scope.Further preferred Mn contents are 0.4~0.7 mass % scopes.
Ti:0.002~0.20 mass %
Ti works when ingot bar is cast as the fine agent of crystal grain, can prevent casting from rupturing.
Certainly, Ti can be added individually, due to that can expect the micronized effect of more powerful crystal grain by being coexisted with B, Therefore can also be with the rod intermediate alloy (Japanese such as Al-5%Ti-1%B:ロ ッ ド ハ ー ド ナ ー) form addition.
If Ti contents are less than 0.002 mass %, micronized effect when ingot bar is cast is insufficient, and it is possible to make Ruptured into casting, thus it is not preferred.If Ti contents are more than 0.20 mass %, the TiAl when ingot bar is cast3Etc. thick gold Compound crystallization is separated out between category, declines the formability of till soleplate, so not preferred.
Therefore, Ti contents use 0.002~0.20 mass % scope.Preferred Ti contents are 0.002~0.15 matter Measure % scope.Further preferred Ti contents are 0.005~0.10 mass % scopes.
Zr:0.05~0.20 mass %
Zr is same with Ti, is worked when ingot bar is cast as the fine agent of crystal grain, can prevent casting from rupturing.In addition, If Ti and Zr coexists, it can prevent the welding bead portion solidified with chilling from being ruptured in solidification, realize pulse laser The high speed of welding.If Ti, Zr and B coexists, prevent the welding bead portion solidified with chilling from being ruptured in solidification Effect become more notable.Therefore, it can contain as needed.
If Zr contents are more than 0.20 mass %, the ZrAl when ingot bar is cast3Crystallized etc. thick intermetallic compound Separate out, decline the formability of till soleplate, so not preferred.If Zr contents are less than 0.05 mass %, it can not obtain enough Effect.Accordingly, it is preferred that Zr contents are 0.05~0.20 mass %.Preferred Zr contents are 0.07~0.20 mass % Scope.Further preferred Zr contents are 0.07~0.18 mass % scopes.
B:0.0005~0.10 mass %
B is also same with Ti, Zr, is worked when ingot bar is cast as the fine agent of crystal grain, can prevent casting from rupturing, institute So that B can also be contained as needed.
If B content is more than 0.10 mass %, TiB2As stabilized intermetallic compound, crystal grain micronized effect Decay, and it is possible to which the appearance surfaces occurred after DI shapings are coarse, so not preferred.If B content is less than 0.0005 matter % is measured, then can not obtain sufficient crystal grain micronized effect.Accordingly, it is preferred that B content is 0.0005~0.10 mass %.It is more excellent The B content of choosing is 0.001~0.05 mass % scope.Further preferred B content is 0.001~0.01 mass % model Enclose.
It is used as the Si contents of inevitable impurity:Less than 0.30 mass %
As the Si of inevitable impurity content, it is preferably limited to be less than 0.30 mass %.If Si contents exist More than 0.30 mass %, the then intermetallic compound crystallization that Al- (FeMn)-Si etc. is thick when ingot bar is cast is separated out, shaping Property decline.Preferred Si contents are less than 0.25 mass %.Further preferred Si contents are less than 0.20 mass %.
In the present invention, if Si contents are less than 0.20 mass %, the characteristic of formability and weldability etc. would not decline.
It is used as the Cu of inevitable impurity:Less than 0.2 mass %
As the Cu of inevitable impurity, it can be contained with the amount less than 0.2 mass %.In the present invention, if Cu contains Amount is less than 0.2 mass %, then the characteristic of formability and weldability etc. would not decline.
It is used as the Mg of inevitable impurity:Less than 0.2 mass %
As the Mg of inevitable impurity, it can be contained with the amount less than 0.2 mass %.In the present invention, if Mg contains Amount is less than 0.2 mass %, then the characteristic of formability and weldability etc. would not decline.
Other inevitably impurity
Inevitable impurity is derived from raw material base bullion, returns to the impurity being inevitably mixed into of waste material etc., Their admissible content is, such as Zn be less than 0.25 mass %, Ni be less than 0.20 mass %, Ga and V be less than 0.05 mass %, Pb, Bi, Sn, Na, Ca, Sr is less than 0.02 mass % respectively, and other impurities are respectively less than 0.05 mass %, at this In the range of even if containing management outside element will not also harm the present invention effect.
Mn/Fe mass ratio:0.2~1.0
In the range of Fe, Mn content within the scope of the invention, if Mn/Fe ratios are less than 0.2, during laser welding Fusion penetration reduces, so not preferred.In the range of Fe, Mn content within the scope of the invention, if Mn/Fe ratios are more than 1.0, Abnormal bead number increase, so not preferred.
On the other hand, the species and volume production for the intermetallic compound that crystallization is separated out when Mn/Fe mass ratio is cast to ingot bar Raw influence.Example, it is well known that, if the increase of Mn/Fe mass ratioes, Al6The quantity of the intermetallic compound of Mn systems Increase.
On the other hand, these Al6Mn etc. intermetallic compound and Al-Fe-Si, Al6Fe、Al3Fe etc. intermetallic Thing is compared, in laser welding easily evaporation and it is unstable.Therefore, if Mn/Fe ratios are more than 1.0, it is considered that Laser Welding Abnormal bead number increase when connecing, weldability declines.
In addition, Mn can increase the thermal resistance of material by being solid-solution in Al matrixes, therefore when ensuring laser welding It is element more prior than Fe in terms of fusion penetration.
Therefore, if Mn/Fe ratios are less than 0.2, it is considered that insufficient (incomplete) penetration during laser welding.
Tensile strength and elongation values
Cold rolling material:The value of elongation is more than 5% and tensile strength is in more than 90MPa
Cold rolled annealed material:The value of elongation is more than 20%
On the other hand, when Al-Fe line aluminium alloys plate is applied into large-scale lithium ion battery container etc., do not need only to have High intensity and excellent laser welding, in addition it is also necessary to which formability is also excellent.The intensity of material can by carry out tension test when drawing Intensity is stretched to learn, formability can by tension test when the worth of elongation know.
Detailed content is of the invention as what is used in large-scale lithium ion battery container etc. described in embodiment described later Al-Fe line aluminium alloy plates, when being cold rolling material, preferably the value with elongation be more than 5% and tensile strength 90MPa with On characteristic cold rolling material;During for cold rolled annealed material, preferably the value with elongation is the cold rolling of more than 20% characteristic Annealed material.
Equivalent circle diameter in metallographic is less than 500/mm for more than 5 μm of second phase particles number2
Characteristic as described above can be entered by the metallographic to the Al-Fe line aluminium alloy plates with above-mentioned specific chemical composition The fine adjustment of row and show.
Specifically, as long as making the equivalent circle diameter in metallographic be less than 500/mm for more than 5 μm of second phase particles number2 .
Either cold rolling material or cold rolled annealed material, metallographic do not have difference.If with metallographic as described above, Cold rolling material shows the value of more than 5% elongation and more than 90MPa tensile strength, and cold rolled annealed material shows 20% The value of elongation above.
Then, simply introduced with the method for aluminium alloy plate manufacturing secondary cell container as described above.
Fusing and melting
Raw material is put into melting furnace, if reaching defined fusion temperature, appropriate input flux is simultaneously stirred, Carried out as needed using spray gun etc. after being deaerated in stove, keep tranquil, dregs are separated from the surface of liquation.
In the fusing and melting, due to using defined alloying component, so the raw material of foundry alloy etc. is put into also very again It is important, but it is extremely important that, it is necessary to foot untill above-mentioned flux and dregs float up to liquation face from molten aluminium alloy and separated The enough tranquil time.It is desirable that the tranquil time usually requires more than 30 minutes.
Molten aluminium alloy is according to circumstances different as obtained by melting furnace melting, and a part of liquation is transferred into holding furnace sometimes Cast again afterwards, directly liquation is ejected from melting furnace sometimes and cast.The more preferably tranquil time be 45 minutes with On.
On-line degassing (Japanese can also be carried out as needed:イ Application ラ イ Application takes off ガ ス), filtering.
The mainstream type of on-line degassing is to be blown into inert gas etc. into aluminum melt from rotor, makes the hydrogen in liquation Diffuse to the type removed in the bubble of inert gas.
When using nitrogen as inert gas, it is important that by dew point control at such as less than -60 DEG C.Hydrogen in ingot bar Amount is preferably reduced to below 0.20cc/100g.
When the amounts of hydrogen of ingot bar is more, hole is produced in the final solidification portion of ingot bar, so needing every 1 in hot-rolled process Passage (Japanese:パ ス) reduction ratio be limited to such as more than 7%, so as to destroy hole.
In addition, in ingot bar the homogenize process that the hydrogen of supersaturation ground solid solution is depended on before hot-rolled process condition, but have When can be separated out in the laser welding after the shaping of till soleplate, make to produce substantial amounts of stomata in bead.So, preferred ingot bar In amounts of hydrogen be below 0.15cc/100g.
Casting
Ingot bar is manufactured by semi-continuous casting (DC castings).In the case of common semi-continuous casting, the thickness of ingot bar Usually 400~600mm or so, so the solidification cooling of ingot bar central portion is 1 DEG C/sec or so.Therefore, particularly exist During the high molten aluminium alloy of semi-continuous casting Fe, Mn content, at ingot bar central portion, the thicker gold such as Al- (FeMn)-Si Compound is tended to crystallize from molten aluminium alloy and separated out between category.
Casting speed in semi-continuous casting depends on width, the thickness of ingot bar, but in view of productivity, typically 50~ 70mm/ minutes.But, when carrying out on-line degassing, if it is considered that the actual liquation holdup time in degassing process groove, then The degassing conditions such as the flow of inert gas are additionally depended on, the flow (the liquation supply in time per unit) of aluminum melt is smaller then Degassing efficiency in groove is higher, more can reduce the amounts of hydrogen of ingot bar.Although additionally depending on casting radical of casting etc., in order to Reduce the amounts of hydrogen of ingot bar, it is generally desirable to which casting speed is defined to 30~50mm/ minutes.More preferably casting speed be 30~ 40mm/ minutes.Certainly, if casting speed is less than 30mm/ minutes, productivity declines, so undesirable.Further it is evident that casting Make that speed is slower, the liquid cave (Japanese in ingot bar:サ Application プ) (interface of solid phase/liquid phase) gradient it is more slow, more can prevent Casting rupture.
Homogenize process:420~600 DEG C × more than 1 hour
To implementing homogenize process using ingot bar obtained by semi-continuous casting method casting.
Homogenize process refers to ingot bar is held in into high temperature in order to easily be rolled, carry out elimination casting aliquation, The processing of residual stress inside ingot bar.In present invention, it is desirable to being kept for more than 1 hour at 420~600 DEG C of keeping temperature.Should In the case of or for making to be formed in during casting transition elements of intermetallic compound that crystallization is separated out etc. to a certain degree On be solid-solution in the processing of matrix.The keeping temperature is too low or in the case that keeping temperature is short, it is possible to will not occur above-mentioned mistake The solid solution of element etc. is crossed, recrystallization grains are thicker, the appearance surfaces after DI shapings can not be finished nattily.If in addition, protected Hold that temperature is too high, then as ingot bar microcosmic final solidification portion CuMgAl2Deng eutectic part be possible to dissolve, occur Aoxidize (Japanese:バーニング).Preferred homogenize process temperature is 420~590 DEG C.
Hot-rolled process
The ingot bar that high temperature is held in the stipulated time is directly sling after homogenize process with crane, hot rolling is delivered to Machine, though it is relevant with the machine of hot-rolling mill, generally by multiple rolling pass, can be made defined thickness, such as 4~ 8mm or so hot rolled plate is simultaneously wound on roller.
Cold rolling process
Make the roller for being wound with hot rolled plate by cold-rolling mill, generally implement the cold rolling of several passages.Now, due to being led because cold rolling The plastic deformation that enters and occur processing hardening, so intermediate annealing process can be carried out as needed.Usual intermediate annealing is also soft Change is handled, thus it is different because of material, cold roll can be inserted in batch furnace, be kept for 1 hour with 300~450 DEG C of temperature More than.If keeping temperature is less than 300 DEG C, softening can not be promoted, if keeping temperature is more than 450 DEG C, can be caused The increase of processing cost.In addition, as intermediate annealing, if using continuous annealing furnace at a temperature of such as 450 DEG C~550 DEG C Within being kept for 15 seconds, then rapidly cool down, then can also double as solution treatment.If keeping temperature is less than 450 DEG C, soften nothing Method is promoted, if keeping temperature is more than 550 DEG C, it is likely that aoxidize.
Final annealing
In the present invention, the final annealing carried out after final cold rolling can be for example with annealing furnace temperature 400~ The batch-type process of holding more than 1 hour at 500 DEG C, if using continuous annealing furnace at a temperature of such as 500 DEG C~550 DEG C Within being kept for 15 seconds, then rapidly cool down, then can also double as solution treatment.
In a word, the final annealing in the present invention is not required, if but in view of the formability in common DI shapings, reason What is thought is as far as possible in advance to soften till soleplate.If further contemplating the formability in metal die forming process, preferably Annealed material or solution treatment material is made in advance.
There is provided cold rolling material in the case of the precedence requirement mechanical strength relative to formability.
Final cold rolling rate
Final cold rolling rate in the case of implementation final annealing is preferably in the range of 50~90%.If final cold rolling rate exists In the range of being somebody's turn to do, then the grain of the average recrystallization in the till soleplate after annealing can be made to reach 20~100 μm, the value of elongation is reached More than 20%, so as to which the appearance surfaces after shaping are finished nattily.Further preferred final cold rolling rate is 60~ 90% scope.
On the other hand, the final cold rolling rate when cold rolling material is made on the premise of not implementing final annealing is preferably 5 In the range of~40%.DI shape when, in the case where thinning drawing processing is more, it is necessary to provide than annealed material slightly it is hard most Soleplate.If final cold rolling rate is less than 5%, though it is relevant with composition, the tensile strength for being difficult to make till soleplate is reached into 90MPa More than, if final cold rolling rate is more than 40%, though it is relevant with composition, the value for the elongation for being difficult to make till soleplate is reached More than 5%.
If final cold rolling rate is within the range, can make the elongation of cold rolling till soleplate value reach more than 5% and Tensile strength is set to reach more than 90MPa.Further preferred final cold rolling rate is 10~30% scope.
By by common process as described above, resulting in secondary cell container aluminium alloy plate.
Embodiment
The manufacture of till soleplate
Defined various ingot castings are measured, blended, filling 6kg is inserted respectively in No. 20 crucibles for be coated with release materials The ingot casting of (adding up to 8 materials to be tested).These crucibles are inserted in electric furnace, is melted in 780 DEG C and removes dregs, then by liquation Temperature is held in 760 DEG C, then by de- dregs with each 6g bags of flux in aluminium foil, with phosphorizer (phosphorizer) extruding add Plus.
Then, spray gun is inserted in liquation, by N2Gas was blown into 10 minutes to be de-gassed place with the flow of 1.0L/ minutes Reason.Then, the dregs floated on molten surface are removed tranquil 30 minutes, with stirring rod, then with sample spoon by disk sample take into Divide in analysis mould.
Then, crucible is taken out out of electric furnace successively with fixture, be preheated metal die (250mm × 200mm × Casting aluminum melt in 30mm).Composition analysis is carried out with emission spectroanalysis to the disk sample of each material to be tested.The results are shown in Table 1.
[table 1]
Table 1:The composition composition of material to be tested
For ingot bar, after rising head is cut off, progress 2mm each to two sides surface cut makes thickness reach 26mm.
The ingot bar is inserted in electric furnace, 430 DEG C are heated to 100 DEG C/h of programming rate, 430 DEG C × 1 is carried out The homogenize process of hour, then implements hot rolling until thickness reaches 6mm with hot-rolling mill.
Cold rolling is implemented to the hot rolled plate, the cold-reduced sheet that thickness is 1.25mm is obtained.The cold-reduced sheet is inserted into annealing furnace, Keep carrying out after intermediate annealing process for 1 hour at 390 DEG C, annealed sheet is subjected to air cooling after annealing furnace taking-up.Then, it is right The annealed sheet implements cold rolling, obtains the cold-reduced sheet that thickness is 1.0mm.In this case final cold rolling rate is 20%.
Cold rolled annealed plate is to implement cold rolling by not implementing intermediate annealing to above-mentioned hot rolled plate, so that the 1mm obtained Cold-reduced sheet.In this case final cold rolling rate is 83.3%.Final annealing is that cold-reduced sheet is inserted into annealing furnace, small 390 DEG C × 1 When under conditions of made annealing treatment after, by cold-reduced sheet from annealing furnace taking-up after carry out air cooling.
Then, to thus gained till soleplate (each material to be tested) being formed property, laser welding evaluation.
The evaluation of formability
The formability evaluation of till soleplate obtained by being carried out as the elongation (%) of tension test.
Specifically, JIS5 test film is gathered in the draw direction mode parallel with rolling direction, according to JISZ2241 To carry out tension test, tensile strength (UTS), 0.2% yield strength (YS), elongation (elongation at break) are calculated.
In cold rolling till soleplate, the value of elongation is designated as formability well (zero) for more than 5% material to be tested, will be low In 5% material to be tested, to be designated as formability bad (×).Evaluation result is shown in table 2.
In the till soleplate that annealing is implemented after cold rolling, the value of elongation is designated as formability for more than 20% material to be tested Well (zero), will be less than 20% material to be tested, to be designated as formability bad (×).Evaluation result is shown in table 3.
Compiled in addition, the material to be tested in table 3 numbers to add with each material to be tested numbering shown in table 1 obtained by 10 digit Number it is indicated.
Laser Welding Condition
Till soleplate to gained carries out pulsed laser irradiation, to carry out the evaluation of laser welding.Using Lu's nimonic this The YAG laser-beam welding machine JK701 of company (LUMONICS societies) system, in frequency 37.5Hz, speed of welding 450mm/ minutes, each arteries and veins Under conditions of the energy 6.0J of punching, protective gas (nitrogen) flow 1.5 (L/ minutes), to the plate of 2 pieces of identical materials to be tested to hold The mode that portion is very close to each other each other, be close to carries out the pulsed laser welding that overall length is 120mm length along the part.
The evaluation of laser welding, measure/evaluation of abnormal bead number
Then, as the evaluation of laser welding, the abnormal bead number produced in weld part is determined.First, above-mentioned In the sealing wire of 120mm length, the sealing wire of the 60mm length of middle body is defined as mensuration region.Then, as shown in figure 1, The circle by each pulses generation that sealing wire in welding direction with 0.05mm interval METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION along 60mm length is formed it is molten Melt the width of bead, calculate " the average weld width " of every 10mm length (1 is interval), calculated by each interval " average weld width " More than 1.1 local number of deviation bead width is represented, and is represented with ratio.By the counting phase of 60mm (6 is interval) part Plus, it is used as the abnormal bead number of the material to be tested.
In present specification, the material to be tested by abnormal bead number less than 10 is designated as abnormal bead number and evaluates good (zero), will Material to be tested of the abnormal bead number more than 10 is designated as abnormal bead number and evaluates bad (×).The evaluation result of cold rolling material is shown In table 2, the evaluation result of cold rolled annealed plate is shown in table 3.
Measure/evaluation of fusion penetration
Then, as the evaluation of laser welding, the fusion penetration of weld part is determined.As shown in Fig. 2 cut out with welding direction Plate section on vertical direction, is embedded to thermoplastic resin by the plate section and carries out mirror ultrafinish, vertical to observe weld part The metallographic in section.
The heat that the intermetallic compound that crystallization is separated out during casting is produced by pulsed laser irradiation melts to high temperature Enter in aluminium, and then, bead will be dissolved and rapidly cooled down, form the element satiety such as Fe, Mn, Si of the above-mentioned intermetallic compound of composition The tissue in Al matrixes is solid-solution in ground.
Therefore, by observing the metallographic of weld part vertical cross-section, intermetallic compound is not only observed in the section The region of Al matrixes is puddle, by determining depth capacity of the region away from final plate surface, can determine fusion penetration.
The fusion penetration that 5 sections are carried out to 1 material to be tested is determined, and is averaged value as the fusion penetration (μ of the material to be tested m).In addition, the section at now above-mentioned abnormal bead is not belonging to measure object.
In this specification, fusion penetration is designated as fusion penetration evaluation well (zero) for more than 220 μm of material to be tested, fusion penetration is less than 220 μm of material to be tested is designated as fusion penetration and evaluates bad (×).The evaluation result of cold rolling material is shown in table 2, by cold rolled annealed plate Evaluation result be shown in table 3.
[table 2]
Table 2:The evaluation result (cold rolling material) of material to be tested
[table 3]
Table 3:The evaluation result (cold rolled annealed material) of material to be tested
The evaluation of each material to be tested
Show cold rolling material evaluation result table 2 in embodiment 1~4 be composition the present invention compositing range in Cold rolling material, laser welding (abnormal bead number evaluation, fusion penetration evaluation), formability are all good (zero).
It is 2.59 and also outside the scope of the present invention that the Mn contents of comparative example 1, which are up to 1.27 mass %, Mn/Fe ratios, though Right fusion penetration is evaluated good (zero), but formability bad (×), abnormal bead number evaluate bad (×).
The Fe contents of comparative example 2 are up to 1.6 mass %, outside the scope of the present invention, although fusion penetration evaluates good (zero), But formability bad (×), abnormal bead number evaluate bad (×).
Fe, Mn of comparative example 3~5 are few, outside the scope of the present invention, although formability good (zero), abnormal bead Number is evaluated good (zero), but fusion penetration evaluates bad (×).
The Si contents of comparative example 6 are up to 0.5 mass %, outside the scope of the present invention, although fusion penetration evaluation good (zero), Abnormal bead number evaluates good (zero), but formability is bad (×).
Show cold rolled annealed material evaluation result table 3 in embodiment 11~14 be composition the present invention composition model Interior annealed material is enclosed, laser welding (abnormal bead number evaluation, fusion penetration evaluation), formability are all good (zero).
It is 2.59 and outside the scope of the present invention that the Mn contents of comparative example 11, which are up to 1.27 mass %, Mn/Fe ratios, although Fusion penetration evaluates good (zero), formability well (zero), but abnormal bead number is evaluated as bad (×).
The Fe contents of comparative example 12 are up to 1.6 mass %, outside the scope of the present invention, although fusion penetration is evaluated good (zero), but formability bad (×), abnormal bead number evaluate bad (×).
Fe, Mn of comparative example 13~15 are few, and outside the scope of the present invention, although formability good (zero), exception Bead number is evaluated good (zero), but fusion penetration evaluates bad (×).
The Si contents of comparative example 16 are up to 0.5 mass %, outside the scope of the present invention, although fusion penetration is evaluated good (zero), abnormal bead number evaluates good (zero), but formability is bad (×).
The measure of second phase particles number in metallographic
The longitudinal section (with LT direction vertical section) parallel with the rolling direction of the till soleplate of gained is cut out, by this vertical section Face is embedded to thermoplastic resin and carries out mirror ultrafinish, observes metallographic.Photograph taking is carried out to microcosmic metallographic with light microscope (every Area in 1 visual field is 0.0334mm2, 10 visuals field are shot to each sample) and the graphical analysis of photograph is carried out, determine every The equivalent circle diameter of unit area is more than 5 μm of second phase particles number.By cold rolling material as the measure obtained by graphical analysis As a result table 4 is shown in, cold rolled annealed plate is shown in table 5 as the measurement result obtained by graphical analysis.
[table 4]
Table 4:Second phase particles number (unit:Individual/mm2) (cold rolling material)
[table 5]
Table 5:Second phase particles number (unit:Individual/mm2) (cold rolled annealed material)
It can be seen from the table 4 for the evaluation result for showing cold rolling material, equivalent circle diameter in metallographic for more than 5 μm the Secondary phase particle number is 500/mm2In the case of above (comparative example 2,6), in tension test, in thicker second phase particles Interface between matrix is easily separated, so the value of elongation diminishes as less than 5%.
Therefore, it is known that in the present invention, in order that the value of elongation reaches more than 5%, it is necessary to make the circle equivalent in metallographic A diameter of more than 5 μm of second phase particles number is less than 500/mm2
It can be seen from the table 5 for the evaluation result for showing cold rolled annealed material, the equivalent circle diameter in metallographic is more than 5 μm Second phase particles number be 500/mm2In the case of above (comparative example 12,16), in tension test, thicker second Interface between phase particle and matrix is easily separated, therefore the value of elongation diminishes as less than 20%.
Therefore, it is known that in order that the value of elongation reaches more than 20%, it is necessary to make equivalent circle diameter in metallographic for 5 μm with On second phase particles number be less than 500/mm2
The possibility utilized in industry
It can be used for the high intensity of large-scale lithium ion battery container in accordance with the invention it is possible to provide and have, and have excellent formability, Laser welding also excellent Al-Fe line aluminium alloy plates.

Claims (2)

1. the aluminium alloy plate for battery case of a kind of formability and welding property excellent, it is characterised in that
Its for more than 5% elongation value and more than 140MPa tensile strength cold rolling material,
And with following compositions composition:Fe containing 0.3~1.02 mass %, 0.3~1.0 mass % Mn, 0.002~0.20 Quality % Ti, 0.05~0.20 mass % Zr, 0.0005~0.10 mass % B, Mn/Fe mass ratio for 0.2~ 1.0, remainder is made up of Al and impurity, as impurity, be Si respectively less than 0.30 mass %, Cu less than 0.20 mass %, Mg is less than 0.20 mass %;
And it is than or equal to 40/mm with equivalent circle diameter for more than 5 μm of second phase particles number2And less than 500/mm2 Metallographic.
2. the aluminium alloy plate for battery case of a kind of formability and welding property excellent, it is characterised in that
It is the cold rolled annealed material of the value with more than 20% elongation,
And with following compositions composition:Fe containing 0.3~1.02 mass %, 0.3~1.0 mass % Mn, 0.002~0.20 Quality % Ti, 0.05~0.20 mass % Zr, 0.0005~0.10 mass % B, Mn/Fe mass ratio for 0.2~ 1.0, remainder is made up of Al and impurity, as impurity, be Si respectively less than 0.30 mass %, Cu less than 0.20 mass %, Mg is less than 0.20 mass %;
And it is than or equal to 13/mm with equivalent circle diameter for more than 5 μm of second phase particles number2And less than 500/mm2 Metallographic;
The cold rolled annealed material keeps enter within more than 1 hour using annealing furnace by implementing at a temperature of 400 DEG C~500 DEG C The final annealing of row batch-type process is obtained.
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