CN105108358B - The real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image and method - Google Patents

The real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105108358B
CN105108358B CN201510585476.0A CN201510585476A CN105108358B CN 105108358 B CN105108358 B CN 105108358B CN 201510585476 A CN201510585476 A CN 201510585476A CN 105108358 B CN105108358 B CN 105108358B
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China
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camera
slit width
laser cutting
secondary light
carriage
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CN105108358A (en
Inventor
单炳正
杨和逸
张宏超
骆晓森
王振东
袁玲
沈中华
倪晓武
陆建
张梅松
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Nanjing Eastern Laser Co Ltd
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Nanjing Eastern Laser Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36Removing material
    • B23K26/38Removing material by boring or cutting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image and methods, described device includes the secondary light source component positioned at laser cutting head lower end and the paraxial optics lens assembly positioned at laser cutting head side, wherein secondary light source component includes stent and three secondary light sources, stent is fixed on the lower end of laser cutting head, three secondary light sources are connected on stent and in being equally spaced, the intersection point of emergent light is located on cut point;The paraxial optics lens assembly includes camera upper bracket, camera lower carriage, camera carriage, CCD camera, optical filter and industrial telecentric lens.The present invention for solve Equation of Laser Cutting Die-boards slot width it is efficient, automatically and accurately detect and control the problems such as, and at low cost, compact structure, be easily installed, be easily operated.

Description

The real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the real-time prosecution dresses of field of photodetection, particularly carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image It puts and method.
Background technology
It needs to use a large amount of die cutting plate in the manufacturing process of all multi-products of press-packaging industry and electronic digital product.Due to The diversity of die-cutting process, the knife, the specification of line on die cutting plate are varied, the slot on the material of die cutting plate, thickness and plate Width also has many specifications.Requirement of the die cutting plate to slit width is relatively stringent, slit width, the chucking power meeting of knife, line entered to edge Very little be easy to cause knife, and die-cutting machine can be damaged when serious.Stitch it is narrow, knife edge do not enter or inlay into reluctantly that monoblock can be caused The deformation of die cutting plate leads to not use.Laser cutting is used as the most important manufacturing process of current die cutting plate, although more traditional work Skill efficiency greatly improves, but because its cutting process is relative complex so that the consistency of slot slit width cannot be guaranteed.
Die cutting plate used in experiment is thick for 18mm, the birch laminate that 1.22 meters × 2.44 meters of book size.
At present, mainly there are two classes to the measuring method of slot width, one kind is using clearance gauge hand dipping, this method behaviour Work trouble, efficiency are low, low precision, and another kind of is that the plank cut down is measured using picture size measuring instrument, measure Instrument is expensive, can only spot measurement, and these two kinds of methods can not all accomplish to measure in real time.Domestic Machine Vision Detection is more Concentrate on laser welding field, and all using the molten bath at pad as detection object, during due to Equation of Laser Cutting Die-boards, cut point The ablation flame at place can be influenced by external environments such as auxiliary gases and cause it with slit width without apparent linear relationship.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to a kind of high-precision, real-time, automatic slit widths in carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board field Measuring and controlling device and method.
Invention content
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image real-time Measuring and controlling device and method.
Realize the object of the invention technical solution be:A kind of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image is real-time Measuring and controlling device, the secondary light source component including being located at laser cutting head lower end and the paraxial optics mirror positioned at laser cutting head side Head assembly, wherein secondary light source component include stent and three secondary light sources, and stent is fixed on the lower end of laser cutting head, three Secondary light source is connected on stent and in being equally spaced, the intersection point of emergent light is located on cut point;The paraxial optics camera lens Component includes camera upper bracket, camera lower carriage, camera carriage, CCD camera, optical filter and industrial telecentric lens, wherein camera Upper bracket is fixed in lathe fixed plate, the lower end setting camera lower carriage of camera upper bracket, and camera is set on camera lower carriage Bracket, be connected on camera carriage CCD camera, the industrial telecentric lens of front end setting of CCD camera, CCD camera and industrial telecentric mirror Optical filter is set between head;Wherein camera lower carriage is flexibly connected with the lower end of camera upper bracket, is propped up under camera carriage and camera Frame is flexibly connected.
A kind of detecting and control method based on the real-time measuring and controlling device of above-mentioned carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image, including Following steps:
Step 1 determines wavelength window, when detecting carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board with fiber spectrometer at cut point Spectrogram, and pass through the analysis curve of spectrum, choose 380nm wave bands secondary light source and optical filter;
Standard calibration plate is placed on telecentric lens focal length by step 2, camera calibration, and multigroup bat is carried out to it with CCD camera It takes the photograph, obtains the corresponding pixel average of target unit width;
Step 3, slot Image Acquisition are directed at cutting region, and cut point is made to be located at picture centre with CCD camera, shoot What is formed after laser cutting includes the consecutive image of slot;
Step 4, slit width detection, to the slot image obtained in step 3, by enhancing, filtering, binaryzation, opening operation, side Edge detection, area grayscale value add up to obtain slit width corresponding pixel value in the picture;
Step 5 calculates slit width actual value, obtains slit width developed width value;
Step 6, slit width control, control cutting head using detection gained slit width value and the difference of default slit width value, Realize the servo antrol of slit width.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is:(1) present invention uses the secondary light source of 380nm wavelength simultaneously Be equipped with respective filter when can effectively filter out 10.6 mum wavelength high-power cutting wooden plywood at cut point ablation flame with And can external stray light interference;(2) camera support of the invention can realize the arbitrary adjusting of camera space position;(3) originally The slit width that invention is realized on two dimensional surface measures;(4) since image processing region is located at using cut point as the center of circle, radius is On the circumference of 1mm, therefore it can ensure the real-time of detection to greatest extent;(5) package unit is at low cost, compact structure, convenient for peace It fills, is easily operated;(6) detection speed is fast, precision is high.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention oblique view.
Fig. 2 is auxiliary light source assembly oblique view.
Fig. 3 is the oblique view of camera upper bracket.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the method for the present invention.
Meaning representated by figure label is:1. lathe fixed plate, 2. camera upper brackets, 2-1. horizontal segments, 2-2. are vertical Section, 2-3. bending segments, 3. camera lower carriages, 4. camera carriages, 5.CCD cameras, 6. optical filters, 7. industrial telecentric lens, 8. swash Light cutting head, 9. secondary light source stents, 10. secondary light source components, 11.LED lamp beads and collector lens, 12. metallic substrates, 13. Radiate aluminum pipe.
Specific embodiment
A kind of real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image of the present invention, cuts including being located at laser The secondary light source component and the paraxial optics lens assembly positioned at 8 side of laser cutting head for cutting first 8 lower end, wherein secondary light source group Part includes stent 9 and three secondary light sources 10, and stent 9 is fixed on the lower end of laser cutting head 8, and three secondary light sources 10 are connected in On stent 9 and in being equally spaced, the intersection point of emergent light is located on cut point;The paraxial optics lens assembly is included on camera Stent 2, camera lower carriage 3, camera carriage 4, CCD camera 5, optical filter 6 and industrial telecentric lens 7, wherein camera upper bracket 2 are solid Due in lathe fixed plate 1, the lower end of camera upper bracket 2 sets camera lower carriage 3, and camera carriage is set on camera lower carriage 3 4, be connected on camera carriage 4 CCD camera 5, the industrial telecentric lens 7 of front end setting of CCD camera 5, CCD camera 5 and industrial telecentricity Optical filter 6 is set between camera lens 7;Wherein camera lower carriage 3 is flexibly connected with the lower end of camera upper bracket 2, camera carriage 4 and phase Machine lower carriage 3 is flexibly connected.
It is fixed between the camera lower carriage 3 and camera upper bracket 2 with hex(agonal)screw, camera carriage 4 and camera lower carriage 3 Between fixed with hex(agonal)screw.
The camera upper bracket 2 includes horizontal segment 2-1, vertical section 2-2 and bending segment 2-3, and bending segment 2-3 is on camera The lower end of stent 2, wherein horizontal segment 2-1 and the angle of vertical section 2-2 are 90 °, and bending segment 2-3 and horizontal segment 2-1 are in bottom The angle of projection is 45 °.
The secondary light source 10 includes LED lamp bead and collector lens 11, metallic substrates 12 and heat dissipation aluminum pipe 13, metallic substrates 12 are connected in the end of heat dissipation aluminum pipe 13, and LED lamp bead and collector lens 11 are set in metallic substrates 12.
LED lamp bead in the secondary light source 10 is 380nm wavelength 3W LED, and collector lens material is PMMA, LED lamp bead Light emitting angle is 8 °;The angle of secondary light source optical axis direction and horizontal plane is 25 °~35 °.
The optical filter 6 is 380nm optical filters.
A kind of detecting and control method based on the real-time measuring and controlling device of above-mentioned carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image, including Following steps:
Step 1 determines wavelength window, when detecting carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board with fiber spectrometer at cut point Spectrogram, and pass through the analysis curve of spectrum, choose 380nm wave bands secondary light source and optical filter;
Standard calibration plate is placed on telecentric lens focal length by step 2, camera calibration, and multigroup bat is carried out to it with CCD camera It takes the photograph, obtains the corresponding pixel average of target unit width;The standard calibration plate model CG-038-T-0.2.
Step 3, slot Image Acquisition are directed at cutting region, and cut point is made to be located at picture centre with CCD camera, shoot What is formed after laser cutting includes the consecutive image of slot;
Step 4, slit width detection, to the slot image obtained in step 3, by enhancing, filtering, binaryzation, opening operation, side Edge detection, area grayscale value add up to obtain slit width corresponding pixel value in the picture;
Step 5 calculates slit width actual value, obtains slit width developed width value;Slit width actual value is calculated, institute It is with formula:
D1=△ dp/dp
In formula, d1 is slit width actual value, and dp is the corresponding pixel average of scaling board 1mm width, and △ dp are away from cut point The corresponding pixel value of slit width at 1mm.
Step 6, slit width control, control cutting head using detection gained slit width value and the difference of default slit width value, Realize the servo antrol of slit width.
Further detailed description is done to the present invention with reference to embodiment:
The object of cutting is thick for 18mm, the birch laminate that 1.22 meters × 2.44 meters of book size.
As shown in Fig. 2, secondary light source irradiates cutting region, CCD industrial cameras acquire the area image, utilize digital signal Processor carries out image to handle and analyze in real time, extracts slot width information, and combining camera calibrated and calculated obtains slit width number According to.
Camera support and light source bracket are made of stainless steel in the present invention, while meeting intensity requirement, are transported in cutting head During dynamic, ensure that significantly shaking do not occur in camera and light source.Specific embodiment is as follows:
1) it is cut when obtaining carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board with Newport-OSM-400-UV/VIS fiber spectrometers Spectrogram at point, by analyzing the curve of spectrum, so that it is determined that the combination of 380nm wave bands secondary light source and optical filter;
2) it is 25 °~35 ° to adjust secondary light source direction of illumination and the angle of horizontal plane, opposite between adjustment secondary light source Position and the relative position of light source and camera so that uniform light, the irradiation concentrated are being about 3mm to cut the radius of dot center Approximation circle in;
3) camera position is adjusted so that camera lens primary optical axis and horizontal plane make its projection in the horizontal plane into 60 ° of angles With X-axis positive direction angle at 45 °;
4) telecentric lens are installed before industrial CCD camera, telecentric lens are the multiplying power of 110mm fixed-focus × 1.5, and telecentric lens are matched Filtering apparatus is filled, filtering apparatus is by specific short-wave band filter set into filter out the dry of 10.6 μm of Submillineter Wave Technologies and visible ray It disturbs;
5) secondary light source is equipped with collector lens and radiator using 3 380nm wavelength 3W LED;
6) gain coefficient of adjustment camera is so that the image light of acquisition is moderate;
7) CG-038-T-0.2 model scaling boards are placed on cutting plate, multigroup shooting is carried out to it with camera, obtains 1mm The corresponding pixel average of width, is denoted as dp;
8) the region consecutive image centered on cut point is acquired in a manner of paraxonic with CCD camera;
9) cutting image is enhanced by space domain method using digital signal processor and carries out Kalman's filter Wave;10) the point cluster of gray value maximum in image is searched for determine cut point pixel coordinate;
11) suitable threshold value is chosen to carry out image binaryzation, pass through the further noise reduction of opening operation;
12) gap direction is determined by edge extracting, the straight line of cut point is determined along gap direction and cross, away from cut point The rectangle of the 10pixel*300pixel perpendicular to straight line is chosen at dp pixel, add up to obtain gray value M in rectangle, obtain away from The corresponding pixel value of slit width at cut point 1mm is △ dp=M/ (10*255);
13) calibration done with reference to front obtains practical slit width information d1=△ dp/dp;
14) test and determine that slit width and defocusing amount have approximate linear relationship, i.e., with the wired sexual intercourse in Z axis position, that is, and Z The voltage value of axis servo motor has linear approximate relationship, can obtain slit width d=kV;
15) therefore calibration voltage △ V is obtained and detect the relationship △ V=of the difference △ d of obtained slit width d1 and default slit width d2 (1/k)△d;
16) according to corresponding conversion rule, △ V is converted into 16 system ASCII characters, are received using TL16C752B asynchronous communications Hair device transmits data to DAC8562 modules with RS232 working methods, generates corresponding voltage value to control Z axis servo motor.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the present invention can realize real-time, the online prosecution to carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width, and And detection speed is fast, precision is high.

Claims (6)

1. the real-time measuring and controlling device of a kind of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image, which is characterized in that including being located at laser The secondary light source component and the paraxial optics lens assembly positioned at laser cutting head (8) side of cutting head (8) lower end, wherein assisting Light source assembly includes stent (9) and three secondary light sources (10), stent (9) are fixed on the lower end of laser cutting head (8), and three auxiliary Light source (10) is helped to be connected on stent (9) and in being equally spaced, the intersection point of emergent light is located on cut point;The paraxial optics Lens assembly includes camera upper bracket (2), camera lower carriage (3), camera carriage (4), CCD camera (5), optical filter (6) and work Industry telecentric lens (7), wherein camera upper bracket (2) are fixed in lathe fixed plate (1), the lower end setting of camera upper bracket (2) Camera lower carriage (3), setting camera carriage (4) on camera lower carriage (3), be connected on camera carriage (4) CCD camera (5), CCD The industrial telecentric lens (7) of front end setting of camera (5), optical filter is set between CCD camera (5) and industrial telecentric lens (7) (6);Wherein camera lower carriage (3) is flexibly connected with the lower end of camera upper bracket (2), camera carriage (4) and camera lower carriage (3) Flexible connection;Wherein secondary light source (10) includes LED lamp bead and collector lens (11), metallic substrates (12) and heat dissipation aluminum pipe (13), metallic substrates (12) are connected in the end of heat dissipation aluminum pipe (13), and LED lamp bead and collector lens are set in metallic substrates (12) (11);LED lamp bead in the secondary light source (10) is 380nm wavelength 3W LED, and collector lens material is PMMA, LED lamp bead Light emitting angle is 8 °;The angle of secondary light source optical axis direction and horizontal plane is 25 °~35 °;Optical filter (6) is 380nm optical filters.
2. the real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image according to claim 1, feature exist In being fixed between camera lower carriage (3) and camera upper bracket (2) with hex(agonal)screw, camera carriage (4) and camera lower carriage (3) Between fixed with hex(agonal)screw.
3. the real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image according to claim 1 or 2, feature It is, camera upper bracket (2) includes horizontal segment (2-1), vertical section (2-2) and bending segment (2-3), which is phase The lower end of machine upper bracket (2), wherein horizontal segment (2-1) and the angle of vertical section (2-2) are 90 °, the bending segment (2-3) and level Section (2-1) is 45 ° in the angle of proj ected bottom.
4. a kind of prosecution side based on the real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1 determines wavelength window, spectrum when detecting carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board with fiber spectrometer at cut point Figure, and pass through the analysis curve of spectrum, choose 380nm secondary light sources and optical filter;
Standard calibration plate is placed on telecentric lens focal length by step 2, camera calibration, and multigroup shooting is carried out to it with CCD camera, Obtain the corresponding pixel average of target unit width;
Step 3, slot Image Acquisition are directed at cutting region with CCD camera, and cut point are made to be located at picture centre, shoot laser What is formed after cutting includes the consecutive image of slot;
Step 4, slit width detection, to the slot image obtained in step 3, by enhancing, filtering, the inspection of binaryzation, opening operation, edge It surveys, area grayscale value adds up to obtain slit width corresponding pixel value in the picture;
Step 5 calculates slit width actual value, obtains slit width developed width value;
Step 6, slit width control, control cutting head using detection gained slit width value and the difference of default slit width value, realize The servo antrol of slit width.
5. detecting and control method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the model of standard calibration plate described in step 2 CG- 038-T-0.2。
6. detecting and control method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step 5 calculates slit width actual value, public affairs used Formula is:
D1=△ dp/dp
In formula, d1 be slit width actual value, dp be the corresponding pixel average of scaling board 1mm width, △ dp be away from cut point 1mm at The corresponding pixel value of slit width.
CN201510585476.0A 2015-09-15 2015-09-15 The real-time measuring and controlling device of carbon dioxide laser cutting cross-cutting board slit width image and method Expired - Fee Related CN105108358B (en)

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CN106938370B (en) * 2015-12-30 2019-12-24 上海微电子装备(集团)股份有限公司 Laser processing system and method
CN106964907A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-07-21 重庆邮电大学 A kind of method and apparatus of laser cutting
CN109986198A (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-07-09 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 A kind of molten bath monitoring device of high power welding
CN110900011A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-03-24 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Online detection system of numerical control laser pipe cutting machine tool

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