CN105104362A - Simple long-term storage preservation method for pitaya pollen - Google Patents
Simple long-term storage preservation method for pitaya pollen Download PDFInfo
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- CN105104362A CN105104362A CN201510494905.3A CN201510494905A CN105104362A CN 105104362 A CN105104362 A CN 105104362A CN 201510494905 A CN201510494905 A CN 201510494905A CN 105104362 A CN105104362 A CN 105104362A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a simple long-term storage preservation method for pitaya pollen. The method specifically comprises: collecting pollen of a blooming flower during pitaya florescence; putting the pollen in a container in which a desiccant is placed; then vacuuming the container, and maintaining a vacuum state until the moisture content of the pollen in the container is 5-10%; taking out the pollen, and packaging the pollen in packaging bags or vessels respectively; sealing the packaging bags or vessels; and storing the packaging bags or vessels at a condition of (-15)-(-20) DEG C. According to the method provided by the present invention, the pitaya pollen at a flowering period is stored after treatment, so that the pollen can maintain long-term activity; and pollination is performed on the pitaya flowers by using pollen, the storage period of which is within one year, so that a fertilization process of a fruit is completed and fruit setting is successful. Experiments indicate that, artificial pollination is performed on pollen that are stored for 10 days, 30 days, 60 days, 150 days and 300 days by using the method provided by the present invention, the fruit setting rate of pitaya can be more than 90%, and is not different from the performance of artificial pollination performed by using fresh pollen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method.
Background technology
Dragon fruit originates from tropical rain forest and the desert region of the country such as Mexico, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Cuba in Central America, is a kind of typical fruit tree in many tropical and subtropical countries.Although dragon fruit is started late in the plantation of China, growth momentum should not be underestimated.Taiwan is China's cultivation dragon fruit area comparatively early, the history of existing decades, and level of planting is higher; The provinces and regions such as Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Guizhou rise plantation in recent years, and form certain cultivation scale.
Dragon fruit kind is mainly divided into three major types, i.e. red skin red meat type, red skin plain boiled pork type, Calusena lansium plain boiled pork type.Wherein red skin plain boiled pork type dragon fruit is self-pollination kind, Post flowering do not need manual intervention can voluntarily setting success.Most red skin red meat type and Calusena lansium plain boiled pork type dragon fruit are cross pollination, and Post flowering needs to carry out artificial pollination can setting success.The main breed of current China is red skin red meat type, and this kind segments again a lot of kinds, and wherein major part is cross pollination kind.Pitaya Flower is hermaphroditism, and flower is at Night Service, and bloom only can maintain an evening, withers next day about 9.Dragon fruit is generally bloomed in the annual 5-11 month, but the florescence of different cultivars dragon fruit, spend tide and not quite identical, particularly at initial bloom stage and Flowers ending, the different cultivars dragon fruit florescence can stagger usually, does not have crossing pollination, just can not complete setting.For fragmentary plantation family or plantation fan, how to find pollen source flowering stage at dragon fruit, and by artificial pollination with ensures dragon fruit success setting be affect dragon fruit production a very important problem.Dragon fruit pollen belongs to 3-cellular type, and the vigor of 3-cellular type pollen is general more weak, and usual fresh pollen is directly at room temperature preserved, and Pollen Activity only can maintain about one day, puts to preserve under cryogenic, and vigor also only maintains several days.How by dragon fruit pollen storage some months or 1 year, not losing vigor again, is the key solving dragon fruit cross pollination.By dragon fruit pollen long term storage, pollen can be called at any time and carry out artificial pollination, fundamentally solve the problem cannot carrying out artificial pollination because the florescence is inconsistent, to the great significance of the lifting and industry that promote dragon fruit benefit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method.The method of the invention is adopted to preserve dragon fruit pollen, the activity of pollen still effectively can be kept after long-time storage (1 year), there is provided pollen source to carry out artificial pollination period with the pollen after storage for different cultivars dragon fruit different flowering, make dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit reach more than 90%.
Easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method of the present invention, specifically at the dragon fruit florescence, collect the pollen of open flower, be placed in the container being placed with desiccant, then by container vacuum-pumping, keep vacuum until the moisture content of pollen is 5 ~ 10% in container, take out pollen, be sub-packed in packaging bag or vessel, preserve under sealing is placed on-15 ~-20 DEG C of conditions.
Because dragon fruit is usually at Night Service, therefore the method for the invention is preferably 21:00 at night and gathers the pollen of wide-open flower to morning next day between 8:00.In the method for the invention, it is same as the prior art to collect the operation of pollen, can be specifically gently to be swept by pollen with writing brush or shake off in vessel.
In the method for the invention, when the pollen collected is not from same flower, be placed in the container being placed with desiccant after preferably being mixed by pollen again, be so more conducive to the homogenieity of pollen, the fruit that pollination is formed afterwards is relatively homogeneous.
Take out rapidly from container for the ease of dried pollen, will in the pollen collected, can first be placed in wide mouthpart ware, then be placed in the container being placed with desiccant.Further, in order to make pollen, degree of drying is even under vacuum conditions, and preferably pollen is placed in the container being placed with desiccant again after wide mouthpart ware is paved, the thickness paved can be determined as required, is preferably≤1mm.Wide mouthpart ware mentioned here can be the wide mouthpart ware that culture dish, flat plate etc. are conventional.
In the method for the invention, as long as carry out drying by being evacuated to vacuum in container, be preferably-5 ~-30Kpa by container vacuum-pumping to relative vacuum degree, being more preferably container vacuum-pumping to relative vacuum degree is-20 ~-30Kpa.Be-5 ~-30Kpa by container vacuum-pumping to relative vacuum degree, the thickness paved at wide mouthpart ware of pollen is≤condition of 1mm under, normally keep above-mentioned vacuum condition 8 ~ 12h that the moisture content of dragon fruit pollen in container can be made to reach 5 ~ 10%.
In the method for the invention, described by container vacuum-pumping and keep vacuum until the operation that in container, pollen moisture content is 5 ~ 10% is all carried out (can carrying out under the temperature condition of 35 DEG C even higher when July or August) under the temperature environment residing for the dragon fruit florescence, preferably carry out under 10 ~ 30 DEG C of conditions.
In the method for the invention, described desiccant is anhydrous calcium chloride, discolour silica gel, montmorillonite, aluminium oxide or quicklime.Take fast for the ease of desiccant, and avoid desiccant to contact to pollute pollen with pollen, preferably desiccant is placed in vessel (as culture dish etc.), then be placed in container.Preferred employing anhydrous calcium chloride or discolour silica gel are as desiccant, and they not only have strong, the reusable feature of water absorbing capacity, simultaneously cheap, be easy to buy.
In the method for the invention, the cryogenic conditions of-15 ~-20 DEG C can be satisfied the demand at family expenses refrigerator freezing layer, does not need to add special freezing equipment, is easy to realize.
In the method for the invention, described container preferably adopts vacuum-pumping plastic preserving box, and not only sealing is good, also can buy different size according to pollen amount, due to the subsidiary manual suction pump of this vacuum crisper, vacuum pumping is easy, be easy to buy, low price.
Preserve after adopting the dragon fruit pollen of the method for the invention to flowering stage to process, pollen can keep higher vigor for a long time, with the pollen of shelf-life in 1 year, dragon fruit flower is pollinated, the fertilization process of fruit can be completed and setting success.The results showed, the pollen adopting the method for the invention to preserve 10 days, 30 days, 60 days, 150 days, 300 days carries out artificial pollination, and dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit all can reach more than 90%, does not have difference with the performance adopting fresh pollen to carry out artificial pollination.The method of the invention is simple to operate, and the short time can complete the Overall Steps of pollen storage, and the pollen ready access upon use after storage, ensure that the percentage of fertile fruit of different times dragon fruit, improves the economic benefit of dragon fruit plantation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the photo of the dragon fruit pollen collected in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is that in the embodiment of the present invention 1, dragon fruit pollen and anhydrous calcium chloride are together placed on the photo in vacuum crisper;
Fig. 3 is with the photo of crisper forming vacuum after manual suction pump extracting air in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 be dry in the embodiment of the present invention 1 after load the dragon fruit pollen of little sealed bag and put into the photo of refrigerator freezing layer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and to understand content of the present invention better, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
The practical operation test of following embodiment is all carried out in the dragon fruit of Guangxi Plant Inst. test booth.
Embodiment 1
1) 9:00 ~ 10:30 at night, selects wide-open dragon fruit flower, gently to be swept by flower pollen or shakes off in disk, mix after many colored pollen collectings with writing brush;
2) pollen collected is transferred in glass culture dish, pollen is shakeout, thick about 0.6mm, as shown in Figure 1; Get another glass culture dish, add enough anhydrous calcium chlorides and shakeout;
3) by two culture dishes together and be discharged into (as shown in Figure 2) in vacuum-pumping crisper, after covering fresh-keeping box cover, bleed with manual suction pump, stop bleed (as shown in Figure 3) after plastic pneumatic indicator depression, screw switch of bleeding;
4) Vacuumized fresh-keeping box is placed in indoor shady and cool place's (25 DEG C), keeps above-mentioned vacuum to leave standstill 10 hours;
5), after arriving predetermined drying time, switch venting of bleeding of outwarding winding, takes out pollen and is dispensed into little sealed bag, after marked with date, be put into refrigerator freezing layer (-18 DEG C) and carry out preserving (as shown in Figure 4).
The pollen (after testing, the vigor of pollen is 82%) got by preserving after the process of the present embodiment method 20 days carries out artificial pollination in dragon fruit test booth, and through statistics, dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit is 95%.
Embodiment 2
1) 10:00 ~ 11:00 at night, selects wide-open dragon fruit flower, gently to be swept by flower pollen or shakes off in disk, mix after many colored pollen collectings with writing brush;
2) pollen collected is transferred in glass culture dish, pollen is shakeout, thick about 0.8mm; Get another glass culture dish, add enough discolour silica gels and shakeout;
3) by two culture dishes together and be discharged in vacuum-pumping crisper, after covering fresh-keeping box cover, bleed with manual suction pump, stop bleed (the relative vacuum degree now in crisper is-25Kpa) after plastic pneumatic indicator depression, screw switch of bleeding;
4) Vacuumized fresh-keeping box is placed in indoor shady and cool place's (25 DEG C), leaves standstill 10 hours;
5), after arriving predetermined drying time, switch venting of bleeding of outwarding winding, takes out pollen and transfers to little sealed bag, after marked with date, be put into refrigerator freezing layer (-18 DEG C) and preserve.
The pollen (after testing, the vigor of pollen is 71%) got by preserving after the process of the present embodiment method 360 days carries out artificial pollination in dragon fruit test booth, and through statistics, dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit is 93%.
Embodiment 3
1) 12:00-12:30 at night, selects wide-open dragon fruit flower, gently to be swept by flower pollen or shakes off in disk, mix after many colored pollen collectings with writing brush;
2) pollen collected is transferred in glass culture dish, pollen is shakeout, thick about 1mm; Get another glass culture dish, add enough anhydrous calcium chlorides and shakeout;
3) by two culture dishes together and be discharged in vacuum-pumping crisper, after covering fresh-keeping box cover, bleed with manual suction pump, stop bleed (the relative vacuum degree now in crisper is-20Kpa) after plastic pneumatic indicator depression, screw switch of bleeding;
4) Vacuumized fresh-keeping box is placed in indoor shady and cool place's (30 DEG C), leaves standstill 8 hours;
5), after arriving predetermined drying time, switch venting of bleeding of outwarding winding, takes out pollen and transfers to little sealed bag, after marked with date, be put into refrigerator freezing layer (-15 DEG C) and preserve.
The pollen (after testing, the vigor of pollen is 79%) got by preserving after the process of the present embodiment method 30 days carries out artificial pollination in dragon fruit test booth, and through statistics, dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit is 100%.
Embodiment 4
1) at 1:00 ~ 2:00 in morning, select wide-open dragon fruit flower, with writing brush flower pollen gently swept or shake off in disk, mixing after many colored pollen collectings;
2) pollen collected is transferred in glass culture dish, pollen is shakeout, thick about 0.8mm; Get another glass culture dish, add enough discolour silica gels and shakeout;
3) by two culture dishes together and be discharged in vacuum-pumping crisper, after covering fresh-keeping box cover, bleed with manual suction pump, stop bleed (the relative vacuum degree now in crisper is-30Kpa) after plastic pneumatic indicator depression, screw switch of bleeding;
4) Vacuumized fresh-keeping box is placed in indoor shady and cool place's (20 DEG C), leaves standstill 12 hours;
5), after arriving predetermined drying time, switch venting of bleeding of outwarding winding, takes out pollen and transfers to little sealed bag, after marked with date, be put into refrigerator freezing layer (-20 DEG C) and preserve.
The pollen (after testing, the vigor of pollen is 76%) got by preserving after the process of the present embodiment method 60 days carries out artificial pollination in dragon fruit test booth, and through statistics, dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit is 97%.
Embodiment 5
1) 11 ~ 11:30 at night, selects wide-open dragon fruit flower, gently to be swept by flower pollen or shakes off in disk, mix after many colored pollen collectings with writing brush;
2) pollen collected is transferred in glass culture dish, pollen is shakeout, thick about 0.9mm; Get another glass culture dish, add enough anhydrous calcium chlorides and shakeout;
3) by two culture dishes together and be discharged in vacuum-pumping crisper, after covering fresh-keeping box cover, bleed with manual suction pump, stop bleed (the relative vacuum degree now in crisper is-28Kpa) after plastic pneumatic indicator depression, screw switch of bleeding;
4) Vacuumized fresh-keeping box is placed in indoor shady and cool place's (25 DEG C), leaves standstill 11 hours;
5), after arriving predetermined drying time, switch venting of bleeding of outwarding winding, takes out pollen and transfers to little sealed bag, after marked with date, be put into refrigerator freezing layer (-19 DEG C) and preserve.
The pollen (after testing, the vigor of pollen is 73%) got by preserving after the process of the present embodiment method 150 days carries out artificial pollination in dragon fruit test booth, and through statistics, dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit is 98%.
Claims (7)
1. an easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method, it is characterized in that: at the dragon fruit florescence, collect the pollen of open flower, be placed in the container being placed with desiccant, then by container vacuum-pumping, keep vacuum until the moisture content of pollen is 5 ~ 10% in container, take out pollen, be sub-packed in packaging bag or vessel, preserve under sealing is placed on-15 ~-20 DEG C of conditions.
2. easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the pollen collected is not from same flower, be placed in the container being placed with desiccant after being mixed by pollen again.
3. easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: will be placed in wide mouthpart ware in the pollen collected, then be placed in the container being placed with desiccant.
4. the easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: be-5 ~-30Kpa by container vacuum-pumping to relative vacuum degree.
5. easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: be-20 ~-30Kpa by container vacuum-pumping to relative vacuum degree.
6. the easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described by container vacuum-pumping and keep vacuum until in container pollen moisture content be 5 ~ 10% operation all carry out under 10 ~ 30 DEG C of conditions.
7. the easy dragon fruit pollen long term storage preservation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described desiccant is anhydrous calcium chloride, discolour silica gel, montmorillonite, aluminium oxide or quicklime.
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| CN201510494905.3A CN105104362A (en) | 2015-08-13 | 2015-08-13 | Simple long-term storage preservation method for pitaya pollen |
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| CN201510494905.3A CN105104362A (en) | 2015-08-13 | 2015-08-13 | Simple long-term storage preservation method for pitaya pollen |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850725A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 陆川县大桥镇家君种植场 | Pitaya pollination method |
| CN105961376A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-28 | 陆川县大桥镇家君种植场 | Storage method for keeping pitaya pollen activity |
| CN117441609A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
| CN117441609B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-05-14 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
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| CN102144632A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-08-10 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for storing and unfreezing pinus massoniana pollen |
| CN103238589A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 扬州大学 | Storage method of lily powder |
| CN104322216A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-02-04 | 辽宁省农业科学院园艺分院 | Method for collecting and storing tulip pollen |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN102144632A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-08-10 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for storing and unfreezing pinus massoniana pollen |
| CN103238589A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 扬州大学 | Storage method of lily powder |
| CN104322216A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-02-04 | 辽宁省农业科学院园艺分院 | Method for collecting and storing tulip pollen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| CHRISTIANE METZ等: "Viability of Pollen of Two Fruit Crop Cacti of the Genus Hylocereus Is Affected by Temperature and Duration of Storage", 《HORTSCIENCE》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850725A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 陆川县大桥镇家君种植场 | Pitaya pollination method |
| CN105961376A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-28 | 陆川县大桥镇家君种植场 | Storage method for keeping pitaya pollen activity |
| CN105850725B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-08-24 | 陆川县大桥镇家君种植场 | A kind of method of dragon fruit pollination |
| CN117441609A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
| CN117441609B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-05-14 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
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Application publication date: 20151202 |
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