CN105102220A - 用于层压在图像支持物上的具有金属消光饰面的可印刷薄膜和制造方法 - Google Patents

用于层压在图像支持物上的具有金属消光饰面的可印刷薄膜和制造方法 Download PDF

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CN105102220A
CN105102220A CN201480008524.3A CN201480008524A CN105102220A CN 105102220 A CN105102220 A CN 105102220A CN 201480008524 A CN201480008524 A CN 201480008524A CN 105102220 A CN105102220 A CN 105102220A
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film
lamination
plastic resin
aluminium
printing
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CN105102220B (zh
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安东尼奥·莫利纳
哈维尔·德尔巴里奥佩雷斯
曼努埃尔·洛佩兹克萨达
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Ti Ai Packaging Industry Co Ltd
Derprosa Film SL
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Abstract

具有金属消光饰面的薄膜，其适于用常规湿法(利用胶)和/或干法(利用低温密封树脂)层压法层压在基于纸/纸板的图像介质、印刷的材料或没有印刷的材料上，所述薄膜基于双轴聚丙烯基板，并且其展示出对用于无孔支持物的常规油墨印刷的高性能，产生具有精良色彩和金属色油墨的薄膜。产生的印刷物被充分地锚定在介质上并且提供非常耀眼和逼真的金属饰面，根据视角和落在支持物上的光突出并提供多种光泽和色调改变。金属效果增强更清楚和更透光的色调。

Description

用于层压在图像支持物上的具有金属消光饰面的可印刷薄膜和制造方法
发明领域
本发明涉及一种具有金属消光饰面的薄膜，其适于以常规湿式层压(利用胶)和/或干法(利用低温密封树脂)层压法层压在基于纸/纸板的图像支持物、印刷的材料或无印刷的材料上，并且其进一步展示出用常规油墨印刷产生具有精良色彩和金属色调的薄膜的高性能。该饰面产品的市场是制造香水盒、封面、海报、图像印刷品的市场。
发明背景
用于层压图像支持物或印刷的材料如纸、纸板等的常规薄膜通常是具有光泽饰面或消光饰面的透明薄膜，其用于保护印刷的材料。通常图像已经包含在图像介质中，并且薄膜的功能仅为保护所述印记，为其提供所需的光泽或消光饰面。所述薄膜通常由双轴向的聚丙烯、聚酯和/或聚酰胺制成，具有10至50μ的总厚度。如果使用双轴向的聚丙烯，所述薄膜具有基本表面张力(38至40达因/cm)的面，用于有利于某些户外修整工作，比如利用UV固化油墨的涂饰和印刷工作，和/或用于锚定火印饰面(hotstampfinishes)。考虑到薄膜的目的是保护印刷的支持物，不是允许在其上印刷，这些聚丙烯薄膜通常还具有伴有塑料的添加剂，如润滑油脂等，其制备不是为了用常规油墨获得稳固的锚定。
还存在随时可印刷的金属化的双轴向的聚酯薄膜。这些聚酯薄膜具有以下缺陷：因为薄膜不足够容易撕裂，在层压和层压的支持物的切割/分离工序过程中，材料的性质和密度产生很多问题，并且因此需要为该材料专门准备的机器并且其仅提供有光泽饰面。
本发明的薄膜客体是基于双轴向的聚丙烯的薄膜，其在一个面上具有金属化消光饰面，并且在另一个面上用合适的用于在其上印刷的塑料树脂涂层。当层压在纸/纸板介质上时，所述薄膜可以在常规印刷工艺比如胶版印刷、苯胺印刷(flexography)、丝网印刷或轮转凹版印刷中，使用用于无孔、速干介质的常规油墨(比如UV固化的油墨)令人满意地印刷。
当印刷该介质时，精整的印刷突出油墨色调，根据视角和落在介质上的光，产生金属化类型的光泽和不同色调。不需要使用金属化的油墨即获得该效果，这代表了大的优点，原因在于，除了很少和油墨制造商不广泛生产外，使用金属化的油墨具有以下缺点：价格高，可获得很少的彩通色彩(pantonecolors)，并且无论如何，其也不能获得以本发明的客体介质获得的金属色调。
发明概述
因此，本发明要解决的问题之一是提供一种具有金属化消光饰面的可印刷薄膜，其超过现有技术中已知的薄膜的缺点，并且尤其是使得可能获得金属型的油墨色调和光泽，其具有突出的颜色和金属化的色调，而不需要使用金属化的油墨。
本发明人已经发现，该问题的解决方案是提供一种接触透明的双轴向聚丙烯基板，即，即使其起初具有高不透明性，当将其层压并与印刷表面相接处时，透过该薄膜，图像(尽管可能失去一些色调)仍然可见。将铝层置于该双轴聚丙烯基板印刷面相反的面上。将印刷面优选通过湿法涂层工序用塑料树脂层(优选极性的)涂层，其在干燥后具有表面张力充分升高的表面，从而允许通常用于胶版印刷、苯胺印刷、丝网印刷或轮转凹版印刷型印刷工艺的常规油墨粘附在所述层上。该表面张力为至少42达因/cm，并且优选为至少45达因/cm。
因此，在第一方面，本发明公开了一种用于层压在纸和/或纸板上的具有金属化消光饰面的可印刷薄膜，所述可印刷薄膜包含接触透明的、具有8至60μ的厚度的双轴向聚丙烯基板(1)，其特征在于所述薄膜在所述基板(1)与待印刷面相反的面上包含铝层(3)，在所述基板(1)待印刷的面上包含塑料树脂层(2)，所述塑料树脂层(2)在干燥时呈现至少42达因/cm的表面张力。
在第二方面，本发明公开了一种制造如之前已经定义的具有金属化消光饰面的可印刷薄膜的方法，所述方法包括至少以下步骤：
a)提供接触透明的、具有8至60μ厚度的双轴向的聚丙烯基板(1)；
b)在所述基板(1)与待印刷的表面相反的面上涂覆铝层(3)；和
c)通过湿法涂层的方式，在所述基板(1)待印刷的面上涂覆塑料树脂层(2)，所述塑料树脂层(2)在干燥时呈现至少42达因/cm的表面张力，所述张力足够高，足以允许在胶版印刷、苯胺印刷、丝网印刷或轮转凹版印刷型印刷工艺中使用的油墨粘附在所述层(2)上。
在第三方面，本发明公开了如之前定义的薄膜在胶版印刷、苯胺印刷、丝网印刷或轮转凹版印刷型印刷工艺中的应用，从而获得具有金属化消光饰面的可印刷表面。
发明详述
聚丙烯是一种对油墨和涂层呈现最差的接受性的材料，对于这些材料的锚定几乎是化学惰性的。因此，油墨和涂层很难能够以令人满意和永久的方式附着于该材料。为了增加该锚定，需要修饰材料表面，并且该修饰中所涉及的一个主要参数是表面张力。
缺少任何表面处理的聚丙烯表面具有29-33达因/cm范围内的典型表面张力。本发明人已经发现，为了获得液体涂层对聚丙烯表面令人满意的锚定，液体的表面张力应该比聚丙烯的表面张力低至少10达因/cm。因此，为了修饰聚丙烯的表面结构以使其更能接受油墨，应该增加聚丙烯表面的表面张力。
为此，本发明人已经发现，通过用高极性或高表面张力塑料树脂如丙烯酸、聚氨酯或苯乙烯树脂涂覆聚丙烯表面，结果是聚丙烯基板的表面张力增加至至少42达因/cm的值，从而基本上改善其对印刷油墨的锚定性能。该增加仅通过用这些树脂之一涂覆聚丙烯表面来获得，不需要任何其他处理，如在该涂层顶部的电晕(corona)处理或类似处理。
本文件自始至终，表面张力测量使用ASTMD2578-09(聚乙烯和聚丙烯薄膜的湿润张力的标准试验方法(StandardTestMethodforWettingTensionofPolyethyleneandPolypropyleneFilms))中描述的试验方法进行。
以下是参考附图对本发明的详述。
为了获得所述效果并允许印刷，在本发明的第一个实施方案(见图1)中，所述薄膜包括双轴向的聚丙烯基板(1)，其在接触时(即，在其叠层在印刷材料上之后)至少基本上是透明的，其通过挤出制造并在横向和纵向方向上拉伸，具有8至60μ的厚度，更优选10至40μ的厚度。将该薄膜在其底面(即，与待印刷的面相反的面)上用具有0.05至0.5g铝/每平方米涂层基板的涂层密度的铝层(3)涂覆。在本发明优选的实施方案中，将该铝层通过为涂覆塑料支持物准备的标准高真空金属喷镀工艺的方式涂覆于所述基板。
此外，为了获得油墨的牢固锚定，将待印刷的面用适于预先印记(preimpression)的塑料树脂层(2)涂覆，优选极性树脂，例如，丙烯酸、聚氨酯，苯乙烯型等的塑料树脂。在用塑料树脂涂覆后和干燥后，产生的层的表面具有0.05至5μ的厚度，和至少42达因/cm的表面张力，其足够高，足以允许常规印刷工艺中所用的用于无孔介质的油墨的牢固锚定；所述方工艺将是如胶版印刷、苯胺印刷、丝网印刷或轮转凹版印刷等类型。
此外，所述层(2)可以经受高温砑光机组的接触而不粘着于辊表面或改变其光学性质。对于旨在用于湿法层压工艺的薄膜，该温度是70℃，并且对于旨在干法层压工艺的薄膜，该温度是100℃。
在另一个实施方案中(见图2)，为了改善后续层压工序中该薄膜在纸、纸板等支持物上的粘附，并且通过湿法涂层工序，将具有覆盖铝的牢固锚定并且同样适于粘着于塑料薄膜的粘附促进剂薄膜(4)结合在金属化的层(3)的外面上，借以随时间增加并维持所述面的表面张力，从而保证在所述后续层压工序中胶的锚定。由双轴聚丙烯制成的薄膜的金属化面的表面张力随时间趋于损失，并且因此用粘附促进剂涂覆所述层的外面以延长产品的使用寿命是明智的。
还在另一个实施方案中(见图3)，在旨在将材料用于干法层压工艺的情况下，所述膜可以包括低密封温度聚合物如EVA、EBA、EMA、EEA、聚烯烃塑性体或弹性体等的附加层(5)，其具有优选8至30μ范围内的厚度。该材料通过与两种材料相容并且在两种材料之间提供牢固锚定的粘附促进剂的中间层(4)粘附在所述薄膜的铝层上。
实验例
为了提供对本发明的更好理解，以下详细解释本发明的一个优选实施例，提供它以给出本发明的说明性实施例，但是其不应以任何方式被认为是限制本发明。
制造方法以制造具有15μ厚度的双轴向的聚丙烯基板(1)开始，在一个面上给予其消光饰面，并且在另一个面上给予光泽饰面。由消光化合物MATIF97形成的消光饰面具有2至3μ的层厚度，并且通过共挤出制备。相反面(光泽面)同样通过共挤出制备，并且包含KS357类型可金属化PP三元共聚物，具有1μ的层厚度。为了获得铝的牢固锚定的目的，PP基板无可以迁移至表面的防滑/抗静电型添加剂，其可以导致与铝的锚定问题。
将双轴向的聚丙烯基板(1)待金属化的面，即，光泽侧，用火焰处理来处理，借以增加薄膜的表面张力。处理后，其表面张力必须至少为38达因/cm。接着，将该表面用光密度为2的铝层(3)金属化。所述金属化在高真空金属喷镀器中发生，由在双轴聚丙烯基板(1)的光泽面上的铝的蒸发和冷凝组成。
金属喷镀后，将薄膜传输至以下涂覆工序，其中消光面(与光泽面相反的面)经受用聚氨酯NeorezR-620型的塑料树脂层(2)的湿法涂覆工序，所述涂层具有0,2μ的厚度。该树脂的塑化过程在熔炉中进行，其同时干燥所述分散液中含有的分散剂(水)，并且加入分散剂用于将固体的百分数调节至所需水平。该层的最终固体含量如下：
●PU树脂基质(NeorezR-620)：92％
●聚乙烯蜡(Aquacer513)：8％
备选地，可能根据需要加入提供其它性质的其它类型的涂层来替代该树脂。例如，可以用2μ的聚氨酯消光材料涂覆它，从而增强双轴聚丙烯薄膜的消光性质。该涂层可以是例如NeorezR-1010型涂层。
在用两种选择中的任一种涂覆之后，产生的涂层具有至少42达因/cm的表面张力。在应用该涂层之前，可以将电晕处理应用于薄膜的消光面，从而增强所述涂层的锚定，考虑到确保牢固锚定，最好用电晕处理补充薄膜的表面张力。
最后，优选将金属化的面(3)用另一个粘附促进剂(如NeorezR-620)的层(5)涂覆。该涂层的目的是保护金属化的面并且为薄膜提供用于胶粘附的合适表面，从而改善其滑动并阻止薄膜堵塞。该层的最终固体含量如下：
●PU树脂基质(NeorezR-620)：92％
●聚乙烯蜡(Aquacer513)：8％
作为另一个备选方案，如果制备用于干法层压的薄膜，替代用NeorezR-620型粘附促进剂涂覆金属化的面(3)，其可以用另一种更特异的锚定促进剂涂覆，以改善PP薄膜和EVA共聚物之间的相容性。该促进剂可以是，例如NeorezR-600。干燥后，该树脂层的厚度是0.2μ。在该情况下，所述层不含有任何防滑或防阻塞剂。接着，覆盖R-600促进剂层压或挤出EVA(乙酸乙烯乙酯)层(5)，所述EVA层的厚度为15μ。使用的EVA具有20g/10min(190℃-2.16kg)的流动性并且具有20％的乙酸乙烯酯含量，其允许薄膜牢固锚定在介质上。涂覆后，将EVA面(5)用在线电晕处理(onlinecoronatreatment)来处理，以使其表面张力增加至高于45达因/cm。
最后，根据各个情况的具体需求在后续工序中将薄膜缠绕和切割。具有该组成的薄膜可用于之后的工序中的层压和印刷，并且用于获得与包含本发明的客体的印刷特征相关的新效果。
为了进行印刷，将薄膜层压在240g/m2基本重量的白纸支持物上。干燥薄膜的层压温度在90℃至105℃的范围内，在该温度，获得对于这些类型的饰面足够的、大于6N/20mm的薄膜锚定。该印刷工序在具有干燥器和SakataEcopure速干油墨的4色胶版印刷打印机上进行。48小时后，印刷充分锚定在介质上并提供非常耀眼和逼真的金属饰面，根据视角和落在支持物上的光突出并提供多种光泽和色调变化。金属效果增强更清楚和更透光的色调。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于层压在纸和/或纸板支持物上的具有金属化消光饰面的可印刷薄膜，所述可印刷薄膜包含接触透明的、具有8-60μ的厚度的双轴向的聚丙烯基板(1)，其特征在于：所述薄膜还在所述基板(1)与待印刷的面相反的面上包含铝层(3)，并且在所述基板(1)所述待印刷的面上包含丙烯酸、聚氨酯或苯乙烯型塑料树脂层(2)，所述塑料树脂层(2)在干燥时呈现至少42达因/cm的表面张力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜，其中所述塑料树脂层(2)在干燥时呈现至少45达因/cm的表面张力。
3.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的薄膜，其中所述铝层(3)具有0.05-0.5g铝/平方米基板(1)的涂层密度。
4.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的薄膜，其中所述薄膜还在所述铝层(3)的外面包含覆盖铝的粘附促进剂附加层(4)，所述粘附促进剂附加层在干燥时呈现至少38达因/cm的表面张力，用于促进在利用胶的层压工艺(湿法工艺)中后续在纸或纸板支持物上的层压工序。
5.根据在前权利要求1至3任一项所述的薄膜，其中所述薄膜还在所述铝层(3)的外面包含低密封温度塑料树脂的附加层(5)，所述低密封温度塑料树脂的附加层(5)通过在铝(3)和树脂(5)层之间的包含粘附促进剂的中间层(4)粘结所述铝层(3)，用于促进在干法层压工艺中后续在纸或纸板支持物上的层压工序。
6.根据权利要求5所述的薄膜，其中所述低密封温度塑料树脂是EVA、EBA、EMA、EEA、聚烯烃塑性体或弹性体型的树脂。
7.制造根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的具有金属化消光饰面的可印刷薄膜的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
a.提供接触透明的、具有8-60μ厚度的双轴向的聚丙烯基板(1)；
b.在基板(1)与待印刷的面相反的面上涂覆铝层(3)；和
c.通过湿法涂层工序在所述基板(1)待印刷的面上涂覆丙烯酸、聚氨酯或苯乙烯型塑料树脂层(2)，所述塑料树脂层(2)在干燥时呈现至少42达因/cm的表面张力。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中将所述铝层(3)通过高真空金属喷镀工序涂覆在所述基板(1)上。
9.根据在前权利要求7或8所述的方法，所述方法还包括通过湿法工序在所述铝层(3)上涂覆具有覆盖铝的粘附促进剂的层(4)的附加步骤，所述层(4)在干燥时呈现至少38达因/cm的表面张力，用于随时间促进并保证在利用胶的湿法层压工艺中后续在纸或纸板介质上的层压工序。
10.根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，所述方法包括在所述铝层(3)上涂覆低密封温度塑料树脂层(5)的附加阶段，所述低密封温度塑料树脂层(5)通过在所述铝(3)和树脂层(5)之间的包含粘附促进剂的中间层(4)粘结所述铝层(3)，用于促进在干法层压工艺中后续在纸或纸板介质上层压的工序。
11.根据在前权利要求1至6任一项的薄膜在胶版印刷、苯胺印刷、丝网印刷或轮转凹版印刷型印刷工艺中的应用，所述印刷工艺使用用于无孔支持物的油墨，从而获得金属化消光饰面的可印刷表面。
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