CN1051003A

CN1051003A - Tool chuck

Info

Publication number: CN1051003A
Application number: CN90108595.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 中村大治朗
Original assignee: Delta KK
Current assignee: Delta KK
Priority date: 1989-10-19
Filing date: 1990-10-18
Publication date: 1991-05-01
Anticipated expiration: 2005-10-18
Also published as: FR2653372B1; IT9067796A1; FR2653372A1; CA2028001A1; CN1023980C; JPH03136706A; DE4033122A1; JPH0829442B2; CA2028001C; IT9067796A0; IT1241650B

Abstract

A kind of tool chuck comprises and is arranged on chuck body and by the locking device between the chuck claw of screwfeed.When chuck claw clamping tool, locking device is pressed and is locked on the chuck body by the reaction force that produces.Tool chuck also comprises and is arranged on locking device and is installed in rotation on torque amplification device between the control loops on the chuck body, when locking device is locked on the chuck body, the moment of torsion that amplifies is defeated by the threaded collar of screwfeed chuck claw.The chuck claw can slide fast until chuck claw clamping tool, to realize clamping fast action.When contact of chuck claw and clamping device, with big clamping force clamping device.

Description

Tool chuck

The present invention relates to be used for the tool chuck that is connected with power drill, power hammer etc., the instrument with clamping such as drill bit and tup and so on relates in particular to the tool chuck that just can manually tighten up without chuck wrench.

Have with the rotatable so that chuck claw of chuck wrench and stretch out and the common tool chuck of the swivel becket of withdraw comprises the wrench operated of heaviness, deposits chuck wrench and other trouble carefully, in order to overcome these shortcomings, developed a kind of tool chuck, but it have do not need to use chuck wrench just hand rotation with the swivel becket that tightens up the chuck claw be used to the locking device that prevents that the chuck claw from unclamping when work.

But with the tool chuck with this locking device, if the chuck claw is not applied enough clamping forces, instrument will dally, and this is unfavorable for effective operation.

In order to obtain big clamping force, the rotation that reduces swivel becket by suitable reducing gear can increase moment of torsion, even but when the chuck claw does not clamp the instrument of insertion, owing to the speed lower slider of chuck claw in reduction, can not quick operating problem so still can produce chuck.

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of tool chuck, it comprises and being arranged between chuck body and the chuck claw, by screwfeed locking device slidably, locking device presses and is locked on the chuck body by the reaction force that produces when the chuck claw is clamped instrument, and be arranged on locking device and be installed in rotation on torque amplification device between the control loops on the chuck body, torque amplification device reduces the rotation of control loops, moment of torsion with double thread ring output amplification, when locking device is locked on the chuck body, threaded collar screwfeed chuck claw, the chuck claw can slide fast thus, till the instrument that chuck claw and insertion put in place contacts, to realize clamping fast action.

Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of tool chuck, wherein when contact of chuck claw and clamping device, the rotation of control loops provides the moment of torsion of automatic increase, and the chuck claw is slided with the moment of torsion that increases, and is used for clamping device under big clamping force.

Other purposes of the present invention will can be seen from the description of following most preferred embodiment.

Accompanying drawing shows embodiments of the invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section of tool chuck first embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective illustration of torque amplification device;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that shows slot rolling;

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section of tool chuck second embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the cutaway view along Fig. 4 center line " I-I ", shows an operation state;

Fig. 6 is the cutaway view along Fig. 4 center line " II-II ", shows an operation state;

Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section of tool chuck the 3rd embodiment;

Fig. 8 is the cutaway view along Fig. 7 center line " III-III ";

Fig. 9 is the longitudinal section of tool chuck the 4th embodiment;

Figure 10 is the longitudinal section of control loops;

Figure 11 is the side view of control loops;

Figure 12 is the longitudinal section of tool chuck the 5th embodiment;

Figure 13 is the partial, longitudinal cross-sectional that torque amplification device is in the amplification of off position;

Figure 14 is the partial, longitudinal cross-sectional that torque amplification device is in the amplification of operating position;

Figure 15 is the partial, longitudinal cross-sectional of the amplification of tool chuck the 6th embodiment.

(first embodiment)

The first embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First embodiment of Fig. 1 to 3 show tools chuck, this tool chuck are used for the power drill or the power hammer of clamping such as drill bit or tup and so on.

Referring to Fig. 1 and 2, tool chuck 10 comprises slidably and is installed in one heart three chuck claws 12 of chuck body 11 front ends, and each front end of chuck claw 12 is concentrating to the axis of chuck body 11 thus of inclination.

Especially, chuck claw 12 only is slidably mounted in the chute 13, and chute 13 is respectively formed on the chuck body 11 and to its axis.Each claw 12 is shaped on local pin thread 14 on its circumference, form a continuous integral body with the helical of arranging the spiral that is provided with.Each local pin thread 14 is meshed with negative thread 16 on threaded collar 15, and when threaded collar 15 was rotated in the opposite direction, chuck claw 12 slided into simultaneously and skids off, to clamp and to loosen instrument.

Torque amplification device 17 is along the circumferential installation of threaded collar 15, and control loops 18 is along the circumferential installation of torque amplification device 17.When control loops 18 forward or backward, when promptly rotating with the direction that clamps or loosen instrument A, moment of torsion is passed to threaded collar 15 by torque amplification device 17.

The structure of torque amplification device 17 is as described below.

Device 17 comprises three annular elements, promptly be press-fitted and be fixed on the output ring 20 on the threaded collar 15, be bearing on the control loops 18 rotatably and be offset the input ring 21 of a predetermined eccentricity value e and move by tapered circumferential surface, and be set to the retaining ring 22 of press contacts mutually, these annular elements and chuck body 11 coaxial settings with the rear of chuck body 11.

Input ring 21 with retaining ring 22 facing surfaces on have the hypocycloid slot rolling 23 of a bow tee section, retaining ring 22 with input ring 21 facing surfaces on have the epicycloid slot rolling 24 of a bow tee section.A plurality of balls 25 are arranged between these slot rollings 23 and 24, and roll along

groove

23 and 24.

Also as shown in Figure 3, slot rolling 23 is corresponding with the eccentric distance e of input ring 21 with 24 the amplitude of oscillation, and input ring 21 has 10 ripples, and retaining ring 22 has 12 ripples, and the quantity that is arranged on the ball 25 between them is 11 or still less.

When because the revolution that eccentricity value e produces imposes on the input with slot rolling 23 and 24 when encircling 21, ball 25 rolls along slot rolling 23 and 24, so that input ring 21 rotates.Reduce significantly owing to rotate with respect to revolution, therefore the rotation of input ring 21 causes exporting the moment of torsion of amplification.

In this embodiment, because the slot rolling 23 of input ring 21 has 10 ripples, and the slot rolling 24 of retaining ring 22 has 12, and the difference of ripple quantity is 2, so speed reducing ratio is that 2/10 ripple equals 1/5.

Bigger speed reducing ratio can reach by increasing ripple quantity, and for example, input ring 21 has 40 ripples, and the difference of ripple quantity is 2,2/40 ripples=1/20, exports bigger amplification moment of torsion.

For the rotation that will import ring 21 passes to output ring 20, a plurality of balls 26 are arranged between its facing surfaces.

Especially, be shaped on the recess (not drawing among the figure) that holds ball 26 on the input ring 21, and be shaped on relative recess 27 on the output ring 20, the size of the recess 27 of output ring 20 (annular) can move ball 26 by same eccentric distance e, although input encircles 21 eccentric rotary like this, power also can transmit.

For retaining ring 22 is fixed on the chuck body 11, be shaped on the taper press contacts face of dispersing backward 28 on the retaining ring 22 with one heart, and be shaped on corresponding press contacts face 29 on the chuck body 11, when retaining ring 22 is promoted by the retreating of threaded collar 15 (reaction of chuck claw 12), these surfaces are moved into press contacts mutually, and retaining ring 22 is fixed on the chuck body 11 thus.

Be shaped on tooth 30 on the annular rear end of retaining ring 22, elastic ring 33 is arranged on the rear end of retaining ring 22, is shaped on a plurality of flexible members 32 on the elastic ring 33, and flexible member 32 has the ratchet 31 with tooth 30 Elastic Meshing.Also be shaped on the fixing lug boss 34 of the groove 35 that is used for pressing fit on the inwall that is formed on control loop 18 on the elastic ring 33, elastic ring 33 can be located and can not be rotated thus.

Flexible member 32 has three effects at least, and an effect provides a motive force, makes above-mentioned press contacts face 28 and opens in 29 minutes; Second effect is to be meshed to 22 with locking, retaining ring 22 is rotated with control loops 18, otherwise retaining ring 22 is free to rotate when retaining ring 22 breaks away from press contacts with chuck body 11, the 3rd effect is the locking effect, though when pressing to chuck body 11 with fixing retaining ring 22 because the retaining ring 22 that reaction may be unclamped.

Lid 36 is installed in the rear end of control loops 18, and on the back-end location that press fit over chuck body 11.

In this embodiment, elastic ring 33 is fixed on the control loops 18, but also can be fixed on the chuck body 11.

Threaded collar 15 is made up of two parts, after two parts are contained on the chuck body 11, by being press-fitted output ring 20 two parts are connected to each other rigidly, be connected to each other and pass through any other device, as reaching with screw threads for fastening together, or reach by the spline engagement that has the E shape ring that prevents separately by on two parts, making screw thread.

In Fig. 1 and 2, label 37 expressions are arranged on and are used to make the control loops 18 level and smooth bearings that rotate on the input ring 21.

The method of operating of the aforesaid tool chuck 10 of structure will be described below.

Suppose that chuck claw 12 opens, prepare clamping device A, instrument A is placed on the position, and control loops 18 is rotated with clamping direction, makes chuck claw 12 clamp instrument A.

Because at the initial period of this ring rotating operation, chuck claw 12 does not bear the load that produces owing to clamping tool A, so the retaining ring 22 of torque amplification device 17 is in free state with respect to chuck body 11.And, because retaining ring 22 is subjected to the constraint of flexible member 32, is integral and rotates together so output ring 20, input ring 21 and retaining ring 22 are connected to each other.As a result, the rotation of control loops 18 directly makes threaded collar 15 constant speed rotate, and the screwfeed fast that chuck claw 12 is stretched out is provided like this.

When claw 12 contacts and beginning clamping tool A, load acts on the chuck claw 12, and this load makes threaded collar 15 produce one and retreats, and pushes retaining ring 22 backward by output ring 20 and input ring 21.

As a result, the press contacts face 28 and 29 of retaining ring 22 and chuck body 11 moves into the press contacts state mutually, and flexible member 32 is subjected to this press contacts and bending, produces to slide.Retaining ring 22 is fixed on the chuck body 11 then, makes torque amplification device 17 be in operable state.

Simultaneously, the rotation of control loops 18 makes ball 25 roll along slot rolling 23 and 24, causes input ring 21 to rotate.The rotation of input ring 21 will pass to output ring 20 to the high pulling torque that reduces to produce owing to input, to rotate threaded collar 15, be used to stretch out chuck claw 12 and will make it clamp instrument A with high pulling torque.

In the operation of implementing aforesaid chuck claw 12 clamping device A, for example can be that the instrument A of tup rotates in the opposite direction according to the characteristic of operation.

If the instrument A of directive effect on control loops 18, torque amplification device 17 and threaded collar 15 that this operation comprises to tighten chuck claw 12 rotates forward, rotation so backward with the directive effect of loosening chuck claw 12 on these parts 18,17 and 15.Even produce reaction with the reverse that acts on the rotation on the direction of loosening chuck claw 12, because retaining ring 22 is subjected to the constraint of flexible member 32, control loops 18, torque amplification device 17 and threaded collar 15 and chuck body are rigidly connected for 11 one-tenth, so in fact can not produce loosening.

When loosening instrument A, 18 need of control loops get final product to loosen the direction rotation.

Because torque amplification device 17 is in mode of operation at the rotation initial period, so chuck claw 12 loosens under high pulling torque.When further loosening chuck claw 12, when eliminating the retreating of threaded collar 15, flexible member 32 pushes back retaining ring 22, thereby the press contacts face 28 and 29 of retaining ring 22 and chuck body 11 moves the disengaging press contacts.Threaded collar 15 makes chuck claw 12 to loosen the direction fast moving with the speed quick rotation same with control loops 18.

According to this embodiment, the instrument A clamping force clamping of amplifying, the method rigidity clamping device A that uses the situation with use dish spanner to be equal to like this by torque amplification device 17.

And torque amplification device 17 comprises three rings, i.e. output encircles 20, imports ring 21 and retaining ring 22, and this structure is compact, and can be chain with chuck claw 12 easily.Although simple in structure, can transmit big moment of torsion.

It is loosening that the reinforcing engagement that is provided by flexible member 32 prevents that effectively control loops 18 and chuck claw 12 from being caused by the vibration that produces when the work, and this promotes to come clamping tool A with the rigidity of increase.

Except locking effect, flexible member 32 have engagement control loops 18 make its become rigidly connected effect, with control loops 18 be fixed on the chuck body 11 effect and when the effect that when chuck claw 12 is removed instrument A, makes the mutual press contacts of chuck body 11 and chuck claw 12 disengagings.This simple components that realizes these effects can make more compact structure by the quantity that reduces parts.

In aforesaid first embodiment, the output of input ring 21 passes to threaded collar 15 by output ring 20.In addition, output can be by being operatively connected input ring 21 and threaded collar 15, and the gear coupling that can absorb the eccentric rotary of input ring 21 is realized.

And, in first embodiment, chuck claw 12 is realized feeding by the effect of the threaded collar 15 that circumferentially disposes along it, torque amplification device 17 be applicable to by the rear end that is arranged on the chuck claw and promote and the pattern of the chuck claw of pulling by the sleeve pipe that the screw thread feeding drives.

(second embodiment)

Second embodiment of Fig. 4 to 6 show tools chuck.In Fig. 4, tool chuck 40 comprises three chuck claws 42 that are slidably mounted on the chuck 41, chuck claw 42 can stretch out and withdraw by relatively rotating of threaded collar 43, and first embodiment as shown in Figure 1 is the same, omits the detailed description of this layout here.

Threaded collar 43 is by rigidly connected two parts are formed by be press-fitted sleeve pipe 44 on its circumference.

Chuck body 41 supportings are installed in rotation on the tubular control loops 45 on its middle circumferential position, and tubular lid 46 is installed and is fixed on the subterminal periphery of chuck body 41.

Torque amplification device 47 is arranged in the transmission of power path between threaded collar 43 and the control loops 45, is used for the moment of torsion of control loops 45 is passed to threaded collar 43.

Torque amplification device 47 comprises I/O ring 48 that is installed in rotation in the control loops 45 and the retaining ring 49 that is installed in rotation on the chuck body 42.

I/O ring 48 has by needle bearing 50 and is installed in preceding inwall on the external peripheral surface of tubular actuating element 51, and tubular actuating element 51 is formed on the control loops 45 with one heart.

Also as shown in Figure 5, the outer circumference surface of tubular actuating element 51 forms around the axle C with respect to the axle B side-play amount c of chuck body 41.

I/O ring 48 has an intermediate inner wall that becomes to drive engagement by the gear coupling 52 and the periphery of the rear end of threaded collar 43.

Especially, this gear coupling 52 with in gear 53 that forms on the intermediate inner wall of I/O ring 48 and the gear 54 loose grounds engagement that on the periphery on the rear end of threaded collar 43, forms, be the eccentricity value of e to allow quantity.

And I/O ring 48 has the back inwall that is shaped on gear 55, as shown in Figure 6, and gear 55 and gear 56 engagements that on retaining ring 49, circumferentially form.

These gears 55 and 56 are made the cycloid gear that is used to produce cycloid motion.When control loops 45 rotations make 48 rotations of I/O ring with the eccentric throw by tubular actuating element 51, the gear 55 that forms on the I/O ring 48 and between the gear 56 that forms on the retaining ring 49 difference of the number of teeth cause rotation corresponding to the I/O ring 48 of the unnecessary number of teeth, the result, the rotation of I/O ring 48 significantly reduces, and the rotation of I/O ring 48 provides the moment of torsion output of amplification.

For example, the gear 56 of retaining ring 49 has 66 teeth, and the gear 55 of I/O ring 48 has 68 teeth, the difference of tooth is 2, speed reducing ratio is 2/66 tooth=1/33, obtains 1/33 speed reducing ratio than an input value like this, and I/O ring 48 provides big amplification moment of torsion output thus.

An amount of thrust ball is installed between the opposite face of helical ring 43 and retaining ring 49, is used for producing rolling.

Retaining ring 49 has the internal perisporium that is shaped on the taper press contacts face of dispersing backward 58, and chuck body 41 has and be shaped on to connect face 58 relative, and the middle periphery wall of the corresponding taper press contacts face of dispersing backward 59.

When threaded together ring 43 with clamping tool A, cause that chuck claw 42 produces one and retreats when causing threaded collar 43 indentations, these press contacts faces 58 and 59 move into the state of mutual press contacts, retaining ring 49 is fixed on the chuck body 41 thus.

Elastic ring 60 is installed in the inner circumferential wall of control loops 45, relative with the rear end of retaining ring 49, elastic ring 60 comprises that all positions forms in it, and flexible member 61 with flank engagement on the end of retaining ring 49, in this way, control loops 45 and retaining ring 49 are rigidly connected mutually, and retaining ring 49 and chuck body 41 make on press contacts face 58 and the direction that 59 separate by afterburning at one.

Retaining ring 63 is fixed by being press-fitted backward of elastic ring 60, to be clamped in elastic ring on the position and can not to rotate.

Below will describe according to tool chuck 40 clampings of second embodiment formation and the method for loosening.

When instrument A was clamped by three chuck claws 42, control loops was represented with solid arrow in Fig. 5 and 6 with clamping direction D() rotate, with clamping tool A, be locked and do not rotate and cover 46.

Because at the initial period of this rotating operation, chuck claw 42 does not have the caused load of clamping tool A, therefore the retaining ring 49 of torque amplification device 47 parts that form can be rotated with respect to chuck body 41.And, because passing through flexible member 61, retaining ring 49 is connected, so control loops 45, I/O ring 48 and retaining ring 49 are rotated together with control loops 45.As a result, the rotation of control loops 45 directly causes the constant speed rotation of threaded collar 43, provides screwfeed fast for stretching out chuck claw 42 fast with clamping tool A.

Secondly, when claw 42 contacts and beginning clamping tool A, load acts on the chuck claw 42, then owing to clamp of producing and retreat and cause threaded collar 43 indentations, and pushes retaining ring 49 backward by the thrust ball.As a result, the press contacts face 58 and 59 of retaining ring 49 and chuck body 41 moves into mutual press contacts state.Flexible member 62 is subjected to this press contacts and bending, produces to slide.Retaining ring 49 is fixed on the chuck body 41 then, makes moment of torsion enlarger 47 be in operable state, to produce decelerating effect.

Simultaneously, the rotation of control loops 45 makes the quantity of tubular actuating element 51 with I/O ring 48 rotating eccentricity values, according to gear 55 and the number of teeth difference between the gear 56 that forms on the retaining ring 49 in formation on the I/O ring 48, I/O ring 48 is rotated, this rotation is owing to input reduces to export high pulling torque, to rotate threaded collar 43 and screwfeed chuck claw 42, make it use high pulling torque clamping tool A like this.

In the operation of implementing aforesaid chuck claw 42 clamping device A, the flexible member 61 that meshes with retaining ring 49 is used for stoping owing to rotate produce loosening on the direction of loosening chuck claw 42.

When loosening instrument A, 45 need of control loops are represented to loosen direction E(with dashed lines arrow in Fig. 5 and 6) rotate and to get final product.

When 42 withdrawals of chuck claw produce to eliminate owing to clamping, and act on the threaded collar 42 one when retreating, retaining ring 49 is advanced by the motive force of flexible member 61, so the press contacts face 58 and 59 of retaining ring 49 and chuck body 41 moves and breaks away from the press contacts state.Eliminate the decelerating effect of torque amplification device 47 then, control loops 45, I/O ring 48 and retaining ring 49 are rotated together thus, and threaded collar 43 to be rotating with the same speed of control loops 45, are loosening on the direction screwfeed chuck claw 42 fast.As a result, chuck claw 42 is removed mutually fast, loosens instrument A.

When instrument A clamping, moment of torsion is slowed down by above-mentioned torque amplification device 47 and is amplified, and like this, obtains being directly passed to than control loops 45 the bigger moment of torsion of moment of torsion of the threaded collar 43 that is meshed with each chuck claw 42.By simple rotation control loops 45 on clamping direction, instrument A just can clamp and locate rigidly.

And, be clamped on its position and when loosening later rotating operation, control stick 45, I/O ring 48 and retaining ring 49 are rotated together with opposite direction up to instrument A carrying out rotating operation.Chuck claw 42 is by threaded collar 43 screwfeed and withdrawal fast together, to clamp and to loosen instrument A.Like this, this structure has good operability.

Following structure can be used for replacing the tubular actuating element 51 of second embodiment.

Control loops 45 can have the internal perisporium with respect to the axle B skew quantity e of chuck body 41, and I/O ring 48 pines are contained on this off-centre inwall, and I/O ring 48 rotates along the eccentric inwall of control loops 45.

This structure below will be described as the 3rd embodiment, focus on torque amplification device.

(the 3rd embodiment)

The 3rd embodiment of Fig. 7 and 8 show tools chucks, the basic structure of this tool chuck is identical with second embodiment, and same parts indicate same label, will not be described in detail here.

Operation encircles 45 and has the internal perisporium that is offset the axle C formation of quantity e around the axle B with respect to chuck body 41, and the I/O ring 48 of torque amplification device 47 is installed in rotation on the concentric internal perisporium 70 of control loops 48 by a plurality of balls 71.When rotating control loops 45, I/O ring 48 is along these off-centre internal perisporium 70 rotations.

Sleeve pipe 72 circumferentially press fit on the threaded collar 43, and gear associating device 52 is included in gear 53 that forms on the inwall of front end of I/O ring 48 and the gear 54 that forms on the outer peripheral edges of sleeve pipe 54.

And I/O ring 48 has the back inwall that is shaped on the gear 55 that is meshed with the gear 56 that forms circumferentially on retaining ring 49, and these

gears

55 and 56 are made cycloid gear, selecting among these

gears

55 and 56 the number of teeth and second embodiment the samely.

When rotating operation ring 45, torque amplification device 47 makes instrument A ground as among second embodiment clamped.

At the initial period of this rotating operation, when chuck claw 42 did not also have clamping tool A, control loops 45, I/O ring 48 and retaining ring 49 were rotated together, to rotate threaded collar 43 with the same speed of control loops 45, as second embodiment is described.The quick screwfeed that is produced by threaded collar 43 moves forward chuck claw 42 mutually together fast, with clamping tool A.

Secondly, when 42 contacts of chuck claw and beginning clamping tool A, load acts on the threaded collar 43, then because of producing of clamping retreats causes threaded collar 43 indentations and push check lock lever 49 backward by the thrust ball.As a result, the press contacts face 58 and 59 of check lock lever 49 and chuck body 41 moves into mutual press contacts state.Flexible member 62 is subjected to this press contacts and bending, produces to slide.Retaining ring 49 is fixed on the chuck body 41 then, makes moment of torsion enlarger 47 be in operable state, to produce decelerating effect.

Simultaneously, the rotation of control loops 45 makes the quantity of eccentric inwall 70 with I/O ring 48 rotating eccentricity values, according to gear 55 and the number of teeth difference between the gear 56 that forms on the retaining ring 49 in formation on the I/O ring 48, I/O ring 48 is rotated, this rotation is owing to input reduces to export high pulling torque, to rotate threaded collar 43 and screwfeed chuck claw 42, make it use high pulling torque clamping tool A like this by gear coupling 52.

When loosening instrument A, 45 need of control loops are represented to loosen direction E(with dashed lines arrow in Fig. 8) rotate and to get final product, as described in a second embodiment, be not explained in detail here.

Identical among the effect that from the 3rd embodiment of said structure, obtains and advantage and second embodiment.

(the 4th embodiment)

The 4th embodiment of Fig. 9,10 and 11 show tools chucks, the 4th embodiment relate to another example of the bearing of the I/O ring 48 among the 3rd embodiment.Torque amplification device and other basic structure are the same with the 3rd embodiment, and same parts indicate same label, will not be described in detail here.

As the 3rd embodiment, control loops 45 has the internal perisporium with respect to the axle offset of chuck body 41, and the I/O ring 48 of torque amplification device 47 is installed in rotation on the concentric internal perisporium 70 of control loops 48.When rotating control loops 45, I/O ring 48 is along these off-centre internal perisporium 70 rotations.

As above rotating I/O ring 48 is by a plurality of needle bearing 74 supportings, and these needle bearings 74 only are provided with along the partial circle scope.

Simultaneously, the cycloid gear 56 of retaining ring 49, when the cycloid gear 55 local engagements of itself and I/O ring 48, revolution and rotation, this engagement occur in the certain limit that control loops 45 can reach.The load that is produced by clamping tool A causes the radial pressure that only acts in the above-mentioned engagement range.

Like this, needle bearing 74 along

gear

55 and 56 intermesh and the partial circle of the control loops 45 of imposed load on be provided with.

Needle bearing 74 has the end of omiting to retaining ring 49 protrusions, is shaped on circumferential extension and the mounting groove 75 relative with the protuberance of needle bearing 74 on the retaining ring 49.This mounting groove 75 is admitted the protuberance of needle bearing 74, so that allow the caused motion of rotation (with respect to the motion of retaining ring 49) by needle bearing 74.

The load that is produced by clamping tool A acts on the needle bearing 74, and needle bearing 74 is applied radial pressure, as described above.Therefore, if control loops 45 usefulness synthetic resin are made, pressure will make control loops 45 differentially expandings and distortion.Can outwards not open because needle bearing 74 ends can cosily be installed under pressure in the mounting groove 75, thereby suppressed this outside distortion of control loops 45.

When control loops 45 is outwards opened, this will be full of its outer peripheral edges and cover gap between 46, prevent that effectively dust and other impurity from entering by the gap.

As described above, when the power that applies when radially opening needle bearing 74, this load puts on the interior location of control loops 45.As a result, on control loops 45, produce internal stress, its outside generation is reversed.

Reverse in order to eliminate, needle bearing 76 is arranged on the internal perisporium of control loops 45 outsides, and with relative with needle bearing 74, these needle bearings 76 prevent that control loops 45 from producing and reverse.

Needle bearing 74 and 76 quantity can be less, and by the protuberance of needle bearing 74 being clamped in the mounting groove 74 of retaining ring 49, the distortion of the control loops 45 that is produced by tool holder load can be eliminated.

Above-mentioned bearing arrangement also can be used in the tool chuck of first embodiment shown in Figure 1.

In Fig. 9, elastic ring 60 comprises the spring members that forms the flange dish type that tilts and fix a plurality of balls 77 on a plurality of positions.These balls 77 are meshed with the flank of tooth 62 that extends on the whole circumference of retaining ring 49, and it is applied spring load.

The elastic ring 60 of Xing Chenging has effect and the advantage same with the 3rd embodiment like this.

In Figure 11, recess 78 is used for locking elastic ring 60, is shaped on the protuberance (not drawing among the figure) that is meshed with these recess on the elastic ring 60.

(the 5th embodiment)

The 5th embodiment of Figure 12,13 and 14 show tools chucks.In Figure 12, tool chuck 100 comprises three chuck claws 102 that are slidably mounted in the chuck body 101, by relatively rotating of threaded collar 103, and the 102 extended and withdrawals of chuck claw, first embodiment as shown in fig. 1 is the same.Here omit the detailed description of this layout.

Threaded collar 103 is by rigidly connected two parts are formed by being press-fitted sleeve pipe 104 on the circumference.

The cross section is on the excircle of the lid 105 of the U-shaped close end that is fixed on chuck body 101, chuck body 101 supportings are installed in rotation on the tubular control loops 106 on its middle circumferential position, and control loops 106 has the openend excircle that is installed in rotatably in the interior week of covering 105 close ends.

Torque amplification device 107 is arranged between control loops 106 and the threaded collar 103, is used for the moment of torsion of control loops 106 is passed to threaded collar 103.

Moment of torsion enlarger 107 comprises the input ring 108 that links with control loops 106, is fixed on output guard ring 112 and retaining ring 115 on the threaded collar 103.

Input ring 108 is installed in rotation on the middle excircle of threaded collar 103, and a plurality of metal balls 109 are arranged between the opposite face of input ring 108 and sleeve pipe 104.The input ring 108 a plurality of protuberances 110 that are included on its excircle are used for being meshed with a plurality of grooves 111 on control loops 106 inwalls.In this way, input ring 108 can link with control loops 106 and slightly can move axially.

Output guard ring 112 is fixed on the close end periphery of threaded collar 103, and output guard ring 112 comprises circumferentially 16 equidistant locational ball retainers 113 disposed thereon, metal balls 114 of each ball retainer 113 clamping.

Retaining ring 115 is rotatably supported between the step portion on output guard ring 112 that is fixed on the threaded collar 103 and the intermediate circumference that is shaped on chuck body 101.By being placed on the disc spring 116 that covers 105 close ends, retaining ring 115 to be exerted pressure consistently, the ball 114 of the output guard ring 112 on making it and being fixed on threaded collar 103 contacts.

Disc spring 116 is pressed between the spring block 117 and increased pressure board 118 that is fixed on the inwall that covers 105 close ends, and a plurality of metal balls 119 are arranged between the opposite face of retaining ring 115 and increased pressure board 118.

Like this, disc spring 116 consistently to increased pressure board 118, ball 119, retaining ring 115, by 112 clampings of output guard ring ball 114, input ring 108, ball 109, sleeve pipe 104 and axially lean against threaded collar 103 pressurizations on the internal perisporium of control loops 106 front ends.

As shown in figure 13, sheet spring 121 is fixed on the inwall of control loops 106 and is relative with the periphery of retaining ring 115.When retaining ring 115 is allowed to rotate in the opposite direction, in protuberance 122 that forms on the sheet spring 121 and the flank of tooth 123 engagements that on the periphery of retaining ring 115, form, so that the identical direction rotation of retaining ring 115 and control loops 106.When retaining ring 115 is locked when not rotating, this meshes termination, rotates only to allow control loops 106.

The protuberance 122 of sheet spring 121 and the engagement between the flank of tooth 123 arrange with first embodiment shown in Figure 3 in the flank of tooth 30 and the layout between the flexible member 32 be identical, and reach same effect.Yet sheet spring 121 is not used in retaining ring 115 is separated with step portion 120, and the 5th embodiment realizes this effect by disc spring 116.

Retaining ring 115 comprises the press contacts face 124 that system is all within it, is used for and step portion 120 press contacts.This press contacts face 124 can be taper.

Below will describe according to the method that the tool chuck 100 of the 5th embodiment formation is operated clamping tool A.

At first, instrument A inserts in the chuck body 101 by open chuck claw 102, then, rotates control loops 106 with the direction of tool holder with respect to chuck body 101.

During chuck claw 102 moves into rotating operation with before instrument A contacts, only have very little resistance to be applied on the threaded collar 103, and the retaining ring 115 of torque amplification device 107 is with respect to 101 one-tenth free states of chuck body.And, because passing through sheet spring 121, retaining ring 115 is connected, so the ball 114 and the retaining ring 115 of control loops 106, input ring 108, output guard ring 112 are rotated together with control loops 106.Provide screwfeed fast with threaded collar 103, to stretch out chuck claw 102 fast, clamping tool A with control loops 106 same speed rotations.

Secondly, as shown in figure 14, when claw 102 contacts and beginning clamping tool A, load acts on the chuck claw 102, produces retreating of a chuck claw 102 thus.Then, this retreats and makes threaded collar 103 axial retraction, by the ball 114 of sleeve pipe 104 and ball 109 axial retraction input ring 108,112 clampings of output guard ring and the retaining ring 115 of the moment of torsion enlarger 107 of axial compression.As a result, the step portion 120 that the press contacts face 124 of retaining ring 115 moves with chuck body 101 enters the press contacts state, and locking retaining ring 115 does not make the sheet spring 121 of its rotation skid.

When retaining ring 115 is lockable when not rotating, the ball 114 of output guard ring 112 is as free pulley, roll with the opposite face of the rotation of importing ring 108 along retaining ring 115, this rolling has reduced the rotation of output guard ring 112, thereby reduce the rotation of control loops 106, cause threaded collar 103 under high moment of torsion, to be rotated, make chuck claw 102 clamping tool A securely thus.

In the operation of carrying out clamping tool, the sheet spring 121 with locking engagement is used for ending system because becoming flexible of producing of the reaction of the opposite rotation of tool chuck 100.It is the same with situation among the embodiment of front.

When loosening instrument A, rotate control loops 106 to loosen direction with respect to chuck body 101,, can not rotate because the retaining ring 115 of torque amplification device 107 is pinned at the initial period of rotating operation, so produce instantaneous high moment of torsion, this impels threaded collar 103 to rotate towards loosening direction.

In case loosen, rotary resistance will reduce, and disc spring 116 makes retaining ring 115 break away from the press contacts state, and retaining ring 115 links to each other with control loops 106 by sheet spring 121.Then, control loops 106 and torque amplification device 107 rotate together, and the rotation of control loops 106 makes threaded collar 103 rotate with same speed, and chuck claw 102 slips away fast mutually thus, loosens instrument A.

When clamping device A as mentioned above, by reduce the rotation of control loops 106 as torque amplification device 107 parts and rotation ball 114 that pass to output guard ring 112, like this, obtain than the bigger moment of torsion of moment of torsion that is used to rotate control loops 106, with instrument A firm grip.

And, carrying out rotating operation until clamping tool A with during loosening the back rotating operation, the resistance of load is less, and each parts of control loops 106 and torque amplification device 107 are by an effect starting in the opposite direction of sheet spring 121.Chuck claw 102 is by threaded collar 103 feeding and contractions mutually fast, to clamp and to loosen instrument A.Like this, this structure has good operability.

For easy to operate, relatively rotating between chuck body 101 and the control loops 106 can be realized by the opposite rotation of power drill that connects with chuck body 101 or power hammer.

This also can be applicable to other embodiment.

In the 5th embodiment, torque amplification device 107 comprises rotating ball 114, and to reduce the rotation of output guard ring 112, these balls 114 can replace with gear.

This structure will be described below as the 6th embodiment.

(the 6th embodiment)

The 6th embodiment of Figure 15 show tools chuck.The basic structure of this tool chuck is identical with the 5th embodiment, and parts indicate same label equally, will not be described in detail here.

As shown in the figure, torque amplification device 107 comprises a plurality of helical gears 125 that are arranged between threaded collar 103 and the output guard ring 112 fixed thereon, and helical gear 125 is being meshed with the gear 126 that forms and the flank of tooth 127 that forms on retaining ring 115 on the input ring 108 respectively.

Use this structure, when retaining ring 115 by pinning can not rotate the time with the press contacts of step portion 120, the rotation of input ring 108 is rotated helical gear 125 and is rolled, this rolling that passes to output guard ring 112 will reduce the rotation of control loops 106.Like this, helical gear 125 produces the effect same with the ball 114 of the 5th embodiment, and this structure provides high moment of torsion as the 4th embodiment.

Claims

1, a kind of tool chuck, it have the front end that is installed in chuck with one heart with can be mutually forward and a plurality of chuck claws that deviate from slip, with one be installed in circumferentially and can rotate the control loops that is used for forward and deviates from the threaded collar of screwfeed chuck claw with rotation on the chuck body in opposite directions, described tool chuck comprises:

Be arranged on the locking device between described chuck body and the described chuck claw, when described chuck claw clamped an instrument, the reaction force by its generation pressed and is locked on the described chuck body, and can loosen after eliminating reaction force; With

Be arranged on the torque amplification device between described locking device and the described control loops, when described locking device is locked on the described chuck body, the rotation that reduces described control loops is to be defeated by described threaded collar with the moment of torsion that amplifies, and when described locking device breaks away from described chuck body, the rotation of described control loops is passed to described threaded collar.

2, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described torque amplification device comprises the pine input ring that is contained in the described control loops and is connected with described threaded collar prejudicially, described input ring and the described locking device and the described chuck body that can be locked on the described chuck body are provided with coaxially, described input ring and described locking device have the surface relative to each other of the cycloid slot rolling that is shaped on the varying number ripple, and are installed in the ball between the described slot rolling.

3, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described torque amplification device comprises an output ring that is fixed on the described threaded collar, with an input ring that can relatively rotate and be bearing in prejudicially in the described control loops, described output ring, described input ring and described locking device and described chuck body are provided with coaxially, and described input ring and described locking device have the surface relative to each other of the cycloid slot rolling that is shaped on the varying number ripple, be installed in the ball between the described slot rolling, and be installed in transmission of power ball between described input ring and the described output ring.

4, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described torque amplification device comprises the pine I/O ring that is contained in the described control loops and is connected with described threaded collar prejudicially, and described I/O ring has cycloid gear and intermeshing interior surface opposing and the outer surface that is shaped on the different numbers of teeth with described locking device on can being locked at described chuck body.

5, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described control loops comprises a tubular actuating element that forms on the inwall therebetween with respect to the eccentric shaft ground of described chuck body, by being arranged on the described I/O ring of a bearing rotatably support on the described tubular actuating element circumferentially.

6, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described control loop comprises with respect to the inwall of the eccentric shaft ground formation of described chuck body, is used for the described I/O ring of rotatably support.

7, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described torque amplification device comprises an input ring that is fixed on the described control loops, one is arranged on described input ring and can be locked between the described locking device on the described chuck body and be fixed on output guard ring on the described threaded collar, described input ring and described output guard ring and described chuck body are provided with coaxially, and by the clamping of described output guard ring can with between described input ring and the described locking device relatively move and rotating tumbler.

8, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described tumbler comprises ball.

9, a kind of tool chuck as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described tumbler comprises helical gear, is shaped on the described input ring and the described locking device of the flank of tooth that is meshed with described helical gear.

As arbitrary described a kind of tool chuck in the claim 1 to 4,7 and 9, it is characterized in that 10, described locking device comprises on a retaining ring and described chuck body and press contacts surface relative to each other.

As arbitrary described a kind of tool chuck in the claim 1 to 4,7 and 9, it is characterized in that 11, described locking device comprises on a retaining ring and described chuck body and taper press contacts surface relative to each other.

As claim 10 or 11 described a kind of tool chucks, it is characterized in that 12, described retaining ring is shaped on around the flank of tooth of end face thereafter, the described flank of tooth is meshed with flexible member on being fixed on described control loops.