CN105098370B - The method that low-frequency sound wave auto-collimation transmits extremely is realized using sound metamaterial - Google Patents
The method that low-frequency sound wave auto-collimation transmits extremely is realized using sound metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method that low-frequency sound wave auto-collimation transmits extremely is realized using sound metamaterial, two-dimentional last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator and superposed thereon rectangle acoustic grating of the sound metamaterial for cascade, using the multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator of two pieces of cascades and the steel plate of rectangle acoustic grating, fine crack is provided among two blocks of multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator steel plates of cascade；The width of fine crack is 2 ± 0.5 millimeters；The total length of the steel plate of two pieces of multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator of cascade is more than 20 centimetres.Auto-collimation exception transmission effects are realized, gained transmission acoustic beam extremely can keep collimating effect in far transmission range.
Description
First, technical field
Acoustics metamaterial is the present invention relates to the use of, in the case where radiator yardstick is much smaller than wave length of sound, is realized low
The auto-collimation of frequency sound wave transmits extremely, that is, the method for obtaining the transmission acoustic beam with high space directivity.
2nd, background technology
Due to the presence of diffraction effect, acoustic beam can constantly dissipate in communication process, particularly true for low-frequency sound wave, so
And this omnidirectional transmission means is not particularly suited for all occasions.In practical application, the radiation with specific directive property is realized
Pattern, the energy that can save transmission is not only in that, while is also beneficial to the confidentiality of transmission signal.Study and realize and be non-diffraction
Wave beam, low diffracted beam or high directivity wave beam, it is an extremely important and significant problem, and has obtained extensively
Concern.Such as famous Ai Rui wave beams, Ai Rui sound waves can suppress diffraction effect in the transmission, be a kind of important non-diffraction sound
Beam.But wave beam as generation, require very high for the Array Design of radiator, moreover, in theory, the biography of this wave beam
Broadcast closer to the distance, it is difficult to meet long range transmission requirement.In different field, in order to obtain preferable directional transmissions characteristic, learn
Persons have studied many different methods.In optics, by etching specific structure in metal surface, when meeting certain condition
When, phasmon can be inspired in metal surface, and abnormal transmitted so as to realize with superpower directive property via its intervention
Light wave.In order to realize super directional wave beam in acoustics, relatively conventional method is to utilize the nonlinear effect of sound wave, carry out sound
The design of parametric emission battle array, to obtain the super directional transmissions characteristic of the low frequency of difference frequency ripple.But difference frequency caused by this method
The efficiency of ripple is very low, is to lose the cost of huge energy to exchange the directional transmissions of low-frequency sound wave for.In recent years another
Study hotspot is to realize that the auto-collimation of sound wave is transmitted by designing phonon crystal, but these designs are all with the design knot of complexity
Structure the yardstick of its radiator of the method for this kind of design, is all in same order with wavelength as cost, it is difficult to realizes radiation
The miniaturization or miniaturization of device.Simultaneously as the reduction of frequency, its directive property will also become worse and worse.
3rd, the content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention：Using acoustics metamaterial, in the case where radiator yardstick is much smaller than wave length of sound, realize
The auto-collimation of low-frequency sound wave transmits extremely, that is, obtains the transmission acoustic beam with high space directivity.
Technical scheme：The method that low-frequency sound wave auto-collimation transmits extremely is realized using sound metamaterial, it is described
Two-dimentional last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator and superposed thereon rectangle acoustic grating of the sound metamaterial for cascade, using two pieces of cascade multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches
The steel plate of nurse hertz acoustic resonator and rectangle acoustic grating, the multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator steel plates centres of two pieces of cascades are provided with fine crack；Fine crack
Width be 2 ± 0.5 millimeters；The total length of the steel plate of two pieces of multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator of cascade is more than 20 centimetres.
Further, the thickness for cascading multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator steel plates is 25 ± 1 millimeters；Each last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz sympathetic response
The Cycle Length of device is 6 ± 0.5 millimeters, and the length and width of its neck is 1 ± 0.04 millimeter, last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator cavity
Length and width be respectively 6 ± 0.04 millimeters and 5 ± 0.04 millimeters；The Cycle Length of rectangle acoustic grating is 27 millimeters, its length
It it is respectively 3 ± 0.04 and 2 ± 0.04 millimeters with width.The applicable sound wave working frequency point of this structure is 5.764kHz.
It should be noted that adjust each last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator and rectangle acoustic grating structural parameters, thus it is possible to vary sound wave work
Working frequency point.
By etching the Helmholtz resonator of multiple cascades in surface of steel plate, stronger surface acoustic wave can be inspired,
Its dispersion curve is very similar to the surface phasmon in optics.And the intervention of rectangle acoustic grating, then extra momentum can be added,
When value meets certain condition, the concentration surface acoustic wave with larger wave vector will can be formed.
In optics, when meeting certain condition, the intervention via surface phasmon will can obtain superpower directive property
Abnormal transmitted light beam.Similar, once forming concentration surface acoustic wave, being obtained under its effect, there is superelevation space to point to
Property transmitted acoustic pulse, i.e., auto-collimation extremely transmission acoustic beam.
Fig. 1 is the top view for the super structure device example structure of sound for realizing that auto-collimation transmits extremely.
In optics, surface phasmon SPP is due to free electron existing for metal surface near its equilbrium position
What vibration was just produced and transmitted.Under its effect, the abnormal transmitted light with superelevation directive property can be obtained from sub-wavelength slit
Beam.Surface phasmon can be excited in addition to wave vector matching condition to be met, it is necessary to which satisfaction has free electron and vibration
This two major premises condition of restoring force.
In the acoustics scheme of the present invention, a bit of air column of Helmholtz resonator neck is regarded as and can put down at itself
Weigh the piston that position nearby vibrates, and the air in the cavity of Helmholtz resonator is responsible for providing restoring force needed for vibration, this
The concentration surface acoustic wave that Shi Jifa is formed has the dispersion curve for being similar to phasmon in optics, under its effect, we
The transmission sound field with superpower directive property can be produced from the slit of sub-wavelength dimensions.Produced using Helmholtz resonator is cascaded
Surface acoustic wave, while provide additional momentum by rectangle acoustic grating so that meet that wave vector matching condition inspires concentration sound surface
Ripple simultaneously finally obtains auto-collimation transmission acoustic beam extremely, is the general principle of the present invention.
According to traditional wave theory, due to the presence of diffraction effect, the common acoustic beam that transmits has no clear and definite space directivity,
And some have radiation pattern such as dipoles of very highly directive, the transmission range that its collimating effect maintains is shorter, generally with it is right
The wave length of sound answered is in the same order of magnitude.In the present invention, we are produced from collimated sound beam using concentration surface acoustic wave,
It can greatly suppress diffraction effect in far transmission range (more than 20 times that can reach corresponding low frequency sonic wavelength)
Should, and exist almost without secondary lobe, thus there is good practical application foreground.
The key for obtaining auto-collimation transmission acoustic beam extremely is concentration surface acoustic wave to be obtained.Under normal circumstances, due to it
Corresponding wave vector is more than the transmission wave vector in free space in dispersion curve, and it is relatively difficult for inspiring such surface acoustic wave
's.The present invention (is the two-dimentional last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator of cascade and rectangle sound in this experiment using special acoustic elements device is introduced into
Grid) adjust surface acoustic wave wave vector and be allowed to meet wave vector matching condition, so as to inspiring concentration surface acoustic wave and be derived from
The abnormal transmission acoustic beam of collimation.
The invention has the advantages that there is the characteristics of following compared with prior art, using cascading two-dimentional Helmholtz
Acoustic resonator provides additional momentum to produce strong surface acoustic wave using rectangle acoustic grating, is allowed to meet wave vector matching condition, from
And inspire concentration surface acoustic wave.It is similar with the surface phasmon in optics, can be from a sub-wavelength chi under its effect
The radiation pattern with superpower space directivity, i.e. auto-collimation transmission acoustic beam extremely are obtained in the slit of degree.The superpower sensing of gained
Property effect sound wave wavelength, the lattice constant of structure can be much larger than, what this caused device is miniaturizated to possibility.Obtain
The directive property of radiation pattern is very good, and it is in far transmission range (more than 20 times that can reach corresponding low frequency sonic wavelength)
It inside can greatly suppress diffraction effect, and exist almost without secondary lobe, thus there is good practical application foreground.The method can push away
The wide high-gain aerial design being applied in the case of electromagnetic wave and the super-resolution lens imaging in acoustics.
4th, illustrate
Fig. 1 is the two-dimentional last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator and rectangle acoustic grating structure chart superposed thereon that the present invention cascades.
The parameter of Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention carries out the sound transmission directivity pattern that numerical computations are obtained.
5th, specific implementation
The structure sample figure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 1 is the last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz for the collimated telescope field for realizing high radiation efficiency
Acoustic resonator and the top view for being superimposed the super structure device architecture of rectangle acoustic grating acoustics.The super structure device of acoustics is to be provided with slender seam among one
Cascade upper multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator 3 in both sides are simultaneously superimposed the steel plate 1 of rectangle acoustic grating 2.The width of fine crack 4 is 2 millimeters；Two pieces of levels
The total length for joining the steel plate 1 of multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator and rectangle acoustic grating 2 is more than 20 centimetres, and the thickness of steel plate is 25 millis
Rice；The Cycle Length of last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator 3 is 6 millimeters, and the length and width of its neck is 1 millimeter, last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz sympathetic response
The length of device cavity and width are respectively 6 millimeters and 5 millimeters；The Cycle Length of rectangle acoustic grating 3 is 27 millimeters, its length and width
Respectively 3 and 2 millimeters.Arrow is the direction that surface acoustic wave passes through device of the present invention in Fig. 1.
In order to verify the validity of invention and feasibility, numerical computations have been carried out.Fig. 1 that Fig. 2 numerical computations are obtained
The spatial distribution map of the super structure device example directivity pattern of acoustics, i.e. the auto-collimation sound field intensity of transmission acoustic beam extremely.Can from figure
To find out, acoustic beam is transmitted in the presence of concentration surface acoustic wave in far transmission rangeInside all
Diffraction effect is greatly inhibited, that is, maintains superpower space directivity or collimating effect.
By etching the Helmholtz resonator 3 of multiple cascades in surface of steel plate, stronger surface acoustic wave can be inspired,
Its dispersion curve is very similar to the surface phasmon in optics.And the intervention of rectangle acoustic grating 2, then it can add extra move
Amount, when value meets certain condition, will can form the concentration surface acoustic wave with larger wave vector.In optics, work as satisfaction
During certain condition, the abnormal transmitted light beam of superpower directive property will be can obtain via the intervention of surface phasmon.It is similar, one
Denier forms concentration surface acoustic wave, and the transmitted acoustic pulse with superelevation space directivity will be obtained under its effect, i.e. auto-collimation is different
Often transmission acoustic beam.Using Helmholtz resonator is cascaded, to inspire the concentration surface acoustic wave of metal surface.Realize this effect
Sound wave wavelength, the lattice constant of structure can be much larger than, this is possibly realized for the miniaturization of device.
The sound field of acquisition has superpower space directivity, almost without secondary lobe, and possesses overlength distance transmittability
The inventive method can promote the use of the super-resolution in high-gain aerial design and acoustics in the case of electromagnetic wave
Lens imaging.Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, so it is not limited to the present invention, skill of the present invention
Has usually intellectual in art field, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when various change and retouching can be made.Cause
This, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by those of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. the method that low-frequency sound wave auto-collimation transmits extremely is realized using sound metamaterial, it is characterized in that the sound metamaterial is
The two-dimentional last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator and rectangle acoustic grating superposed thereon of cascade, using two pieces of multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator of cascade
With the steel plate of rectangle acoustic grating, the multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator steel plates centres of two pieces of cascades are provided with fine crack；The width of fine crack be 2 ±
0.5 millimeter；The total length of the steel plate of two pieces of multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator of cascade is more than 20 centimetres；
The thickness for cascading multiple last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator steel plates is 25 ± 1 millimeters；The Cycle Length of each last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator
For 6 ± 0.5 millimeters, the length and width of its neck is 1 ± 0.04 millimeter, the length of last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator cavity with
Width is respectively 6 ± 0.04 millimeters and 5 ± 0.04 millimeters；The Cycle Length of rectangle acoustic grating be 27 millimeters, its length and
Width is respectively 3 ± 0.04 and 2 ± 0.04 millimeters；The applicable sound wave working frequency point of above-mentioned sound metamaterial structure is
5.764kHz。
2. method that low-frequency sound wave auto-collimation transmits extremely is realized using sound metamaterial according to claim 1, its
It is characterized in adjusting each last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse hertz acoustic resonator and rectangle acoustic grating structural parameters, changes sound wave working frequency point.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0217709A (en) * | 1988-07-06 | 1990-01-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Surface acoustic wave resonator |
| CN102904061A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-30 | 南京大学 | Method for improving directivity of low-frequency acoustic wave by using metamaterial |
| CN104754459A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-07-01 | 南京大学 | Method for improving directivity of high- and low-frequency sound wave through acoustic dipole array |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0217709A (en) * | 1988-07-06 | 1990-01-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Surface acoustic wave resonator |
| CN102904061A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-30 | 南京大学 | Method for improving directivity of low-frequency acoustic wave by using metamaterial |
| CN104754459A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-07-01 | 南京大学 | Method for improving directivity of high- and low-frequency sound wave through acoustic dipole array |
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