CN105097056A - Simulation experiment system for passive residual-heat-removal heat exchanger - Google Patents
Simulation experiment system for passive residual-heat-removal heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation experiment system for a passive residual-heat-removal heat exchanger. The system comprises a heating pot, an electrical heating jacket, a heat exchange tube, a water tank, an air exhaust pipeline and a first water-adding pipeline, wherein the heat exchange tube is composed of a vertical section, a first horizontal section and a second horizontal section; the vertical section is arranged inside the water tank, and the two horizontal sections penetrate the water tank from one same side and then are correspondingly connected with the top part and the bottom part of the heating pot so as to form a loop; the electrical heating jacket sleeves the outer surface of the heating pot; the air exhaust pipeline is connected with the first horizontal section of the heat exchange tube via a first valve; the first water-adding pipeline is connected with the second horizontal section of the heat exchange tube via a second valve; and the interior and the external wall of the heat exchange tube and the interior of the water tank are correspondingly provided with internal-tube thermocouples, external-tube-wall thermocouples and water-tank thermocouples. The simulation experiment system for the passive residual-heat-removal heat exchanger can completely simulate the operation process of the passive residual-heat-removal heat exchanger and has characteristics of simple operation and low operation cost.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of experimental system, especially a kind of passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating.
Background technology
Since 20th century the mid-80s, international nuclear energy circle carried out the 3rd generation nuclear power technology research and development, achieve many achievements in research, the AP1000 adopting non-passive safety principle is exactly one of them.Heat Discharging System of Chinese (PRHRS) is the important component part of the non-active core cooling system (PXS) of AP1000, the active residual heat removal exchanger of its major equipment right and wrong (PRHRHX).PRHRHX is made up of the entrance end socket on top, the outlet end socket of bottom and the vertical tube bank of " C " type that is connected low head.The vertical tube bank of these " C " types is heat exchanger tube.Heat exchanger tube is arranged in the built-in material-changing water tank of containment (IRWST), the water in IRWST as heat eliminating medium, for heat exchanger provides hot trap function.
Passive residual heat removal heat exchanger (PRHRHX) heat-transfer mechanism is very complicated; domestic very few to its research; design experiences accumulation is blank especially, and add that external advanced nuclear power country pays much attention to the protection of intellecture property, a lot of gordian technique and data are all highly confidential.Directly carrying out heat-transfer mechanism research by PRHRHX, to relate to operation very complicated, and operating cost is high, is considered hardly.Therefore need to design a set of passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating to study PRHRHX heat-transfer mechanism.
Nuclear science technology research institute of Harbin Engineering University combines with State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute and once develops a set of passive residual heat removal heat interchanger experimental system for simulating.The saturated vapour that experiment adopts electrically heated boiler to produce is as heat transferring medium, and the water in heating elevated tank, to reach capacity to elevated tank water the heat transfer characteristic of this process to simulate PRHRHX from running.
In experimentation, vapours is at in-tube condensation and release heat, and water tank water temperature rises to saturated gradually.Its heat-exchanging tube bundle is made up of 7 cupronickel light pipes, and tube bank adopts rounded projections arranged.Heat exchanger tube overall length 600mm, tube bank is arranged in elevated tank, 200mm at the bottom of the distance water tank of bottom.Pipe surface temperature and elevated tank temperature are recorded with being arranged in water tank, apart from 9 pairs of thermopairs of restraining axis 100mm by the 10 pairs of thermopairs be welded on tube wall respectively.Article is published in " atomic energy science and technology " 2011, Vol.45, No.8:931-936, is entitled as passive residual heat removal heat interchanger and runs starting stage heat transfer characteristic research, the people such as author Li Yong.
The experimental system for simulating of Harbin Engineering University's exploitation mainly study passive residual heat removal heat interchanger elevated tank water reach capacity before temperature-rise period and heat transfer characteristic, but being subject to the restriction of experiment condition, there are following three point defects in this system:
First point, the heat-exchanging tube bundle used in system is straight tube, and PRHRHX uses C type heat exchanger tube, and the heat exchanger tube of two kinds of forms exists certain difference, and the computation formula for thermal conduction used also is not quite similar.
Second point, this system uses intraductal heat exchange medium to be saturated vapour, and the medium of actual condition is high-temperature high pressure water.
Thirdly, this system can produce steam-condensation.Steam-condensation is because saturated vapour molecule runs into colder inside pipe wall face in heat exchanger tube, thus be condensed into droplet, and gathering along with condensed fluid, condensed fluid can go downstream along heat exchanger tube internal face, condensed fluid cannot propose by this system in heat exchanger tube in segmentation, can only measure the whole condensation numbers in whole heat exchanger tube, therefore this system cannot obtain the heat transfer situation of in heat transfer process each section.And during this type of design of heat exchanger, need to utilize water tank temperature profile segment to calculate Temperature Distribution in heat exchanger tube each section of heat transfer capacity and pipe, therefore this system cannot be realized this goal.
This existing experimental system for simulating can only be used for research elevated tank medium by thermal distortion, and the research for the inside and outside each section of Coupled Heat Transfer of pipe cannot realize.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, simulates PRHRHX operational process as much as possible, and carries out the test of passive residual heat removal heat exchanger heat transfer property.
In order to solve these technical matterss, the invention provides a kind of passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating, comprise heating tank, electric heating cover, heat exchanger tube, water tank, gas exhaust duct and first add water pipeline, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger tube has vertical section, the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment, vertical section is arranged in described water tank, parallel with the short transverse of water tank, first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment pass from the same side of water tank and to be connected with bottom with the top of described heating tank respectively afterwards, thus form loop; Described electric heating cover is set in the outside surface of described heating tank; Described heating tank is provided with safety valve and tensimeter; Described gas exhaust duct is connected with described first horizontal segment of described heat exchanger tube by the first valve; Described first pipeline that adds water is connected with described second horizontal segment of described heat exchanger tube by the second valve; With pipe outer wall in the pipe of described heat exchanger tube, and in described water tank, be respectively arranged with thermopair, pipe outer wall thermopair and water tank thermopair in pipe; Described water tank comprises at the bottom of water tank wall and water tank.
A kind of preferred water box structure is that described water tank also comprises water tank top; Described water tank top or described water tank wall top are provided with second by the tenth valve and add water pipeline.
Another preferred water box structure is, described water tank also comprises the water tank top cover matched with described water tank bore; Described water tank top cover comprises outer thin slice, internal layer thin slice, and the plate chamber surrounded by described outer thin slice and internal layer thin slice.Heat eliminating medium can be loaded, such as tap water or other conventional chilling media that can expect in described plate chamber.Described water tank top cover contributes to after Water in Water Tank seethes with excitement, and the steam that boiling is produced is cooled to liquid backflow to water tank, causes high water tank to decline, cause heat exchanger tube dry combustion method phenomenon to prevent steam raising amount excessive.Described water tank top cover lid is located on described water tank wall open top.Described water tank top cover can extend a lower end better to play cooling effect.Described lower end can be designed as and described water tank wall top is wrapped in interior form; Also can be designed as and can be wrapped in interior form by described water tank wall.
In order to can better high-temperature high pressure water in control loop flow process and detect flow and temperature, such scheme is improved, between described first valve and described heating tank top, is provided with the 3rd valve; The 4th valve is provided with between described first valve and described heat exchanger tube; Bottom described heating tank and between described heat exchanger tube, the 5th valve is provided with the first water delivering orifice; Described loop is provided with flowmeter, thermometer and the first non-return valve.Preferably, described loop is arranged two thermometers, be separately positioned on stretch out described water tank described first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment on, for measure heat exchanger tube import and export place pipe in water temperature, as the reference value of heat transfer research.
The present invention adopts electric heating cover to heat water in heating tank to producing high-temperature high pressure water, and such as temperature reaches about 270 DEG C.Now because pipeline both sides (heating tank side and water tank side) exists the temperature difference, high-temperature high pressure water in pipeline can under Effect of Nature Convection, dynamic from upper pipe towards water tank effluent, after heat being delivered to water tank medium, get back in heating tank via lower pipeline again, medium in continuous heating water tank like this.Consider that natural convection expulsive force is more weak, and due to experimental loop annex of the present invention more, in order to ensure circulating of experimental loop, a high-temperature pump in parallel in pipeline, to provide expulsive force when natural convection cannot realize.Therefore be improved to further, described passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating loop is provided with the 6th valve, and at third and fourth, select valve two ends in six valves the 7th valve and the 8th valve in parallel be provided with a high-temperature pump, and be provided with the second non-return valve between the outlet of described high-temperature pump and the 7th valve.
As another improvement project, the release pressure of described safety valve is set to 1 ~ 30MPa, is preferably 6MPa.
In order to the thermal behavior data of the multiple position of this pilot system can be obtained, further improvement project is the quantity of thermopair in described pipe is 1 ~ 100, the quantity of described pipe outer wall thermopair is 1 ~ 100, and the quantity of described water tank thermopair is 1 ~ 100 and short transverse along water tank distributes successively.Preferably, in described pipe, the quantity of thermopair is 10 ~ 20, and the quantity of described pipe outer wall thermopair is 10 ~ 20, and the quantity of described water tank thermopair is 10 ~ 20 and short transverse along water tank distributes successively.Preferred, in described pipe, the quantity of thermopair is 13, and wherein 2 are distributed in the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment stretching out water tank in the upper and lower two ends of heat exchanger tube respectively; The quantity of described pipe outer wall thermopair is 11, and interval same distance is uniformly distributed in the pipe outer wall of heat exchanger tube between two, as shown in Figure 1; The quantity of described water tank thermopair is 10 and short transverse along water tank distributes successively.
Experiment process is in order to reduce primary Ioops on-way resistance, and the design of system is of a size of standard with shortening of trying one's best, and whole system also closely.
The described passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating of the present inventor's exploitation can simulate the operational process of passive residual heat removal heat exchanger completely, PRHRHX heat-transfer mechanism is furtherd investigate, autonomous Design for this type of heat interchanger provides the theoretical foundation of design of heat transfer, the computing method of final formation a set of this type of heat exchanger heat transfer design, now aobvious particularly important at China's develop actively clean energy resource.Meanwhile, with on passive residual heat removal heat exchanger, directly carry out compared with heat-transfer mechanism research, having easy and simple to handle, the advantage that operating cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 shows the water tank and heat exchanger tube cross sectional representation got along A-A line in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the second design of the described water tank top cover of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.In the present embodiment, test adopts high-temperature high pressure water as medium in pipe.The water tank 8 of Simulation with I RWST water tank is the stainless steel water tank of Ф 600 × 1500mm, fills the water of normal pressure in it.The heat exchanger tube 7 of the heat exchanger tube in simulation PRHRHX is 1 Ф 19.05 × 1.5 stainless-steel tube, and its form trait C font, is namely made up of vertical section, the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment.
Manage thermopair 25 in interior layout 11 4 line Pt100 pipes at heat exchanger tube 7, the pipe surface temperature of position uses the pipe outer wall thermopair 26 be welded on tube wall to measure corresponding thereto.Described pipe outer wall thermopair 26 one-tenth J types.The Temperature Distribution that 10 J type water tank thermopairs 27 measure water tank 8 vertical direction is installed simultaneously.Experimentation Real-Time Monitoring also records each measuring point temperature in C type heat exchanger tube 7 and water tank 8.Pipe outer wall thermopair 26 and water tank thermopair 27 distribute as shown in Figure 1; In pipe, thermopair 25 is distributed in pipe, is positioned on the same xsect of described heat exchanger tube 7, as shown in Figure 2 with corresponding pipe outer wall thermopair 26.
As can be seen from Figure 1, the vertical section of heat exchanger tube 7 is arranged in water tank 8 parallel with the short transverse of water tank 8, and the first horizontal segment of heat exchanger tube 7 passes from water tank 8 the same side respectively with the second horizontal segment and is connected with bottom with the top of heating tank 1, thus forms a loop; Electric heating cover 2 is set in the outside surface of heating tank 1; Gas exhaust duct 5 is connected with heat exchanger tube 7 first horizontal segment by the first valve 17; First pipeline 10 that adds water is connected with the second horizontal segment of heat exchanger tube 7 by the second valve 20.Be provided with the 3rd valve 16 between first valve 17 and heating tank top, and between heat exchanger tube 7, be provided with the 4th valve 18; Bottom heating tank 1 and between heat exchanger tube 7, the 5th valve 24 is provided with first water delivering orifice 15 that Open Side Down; Loop is provided with the first thermometer 6, second thermometer 30, first non-return valve 11, flowmeter 12 and the 6th valve 21, and has been arranged in parallel a high-temperature pump 13 at the 6th valve 21 two ends by the 7th valve 22 and the 8th valve 23.This high-temperature pump 13 exports and be provided with the second non-return valve 14 between the 7th valve 22.Bottom water tank 8, the 9th valve 19 is provided with second water delivering orifice 9 that Open Side Down.Water tank 8 to comprise at the bottom of water tank wall 40 and water tank 41, in uncovered shape.
In the Preparatory work of experiment stage, close the 9th valve 19, in water tank 8, inject the water of specified altitude; Close the 5th valve 24, the 9th valve 19, open other seven valves, inject tap water from first pipeline 10 that adds water, after the spill-over of gas exhaust duct 5 water goes out, (now show whole pipeline topped up with water), stop adding water and closing the second valve 20; Close the 3rd valve 16, first valve 17, the 5th valve 24, start electric heating cover 2 and set heating-up temperature 270 DEG C, because water in heating tank 1 is heated volumetric expansion, certain pressure can be produced, so on heating tank 1 setting pressure table 4 and safety valve 3, the release pressure of safety valve 3 is set to 6MPa.
After in heating tank 1, temperature arrives setting value, open the 3rd valve 16, now the first valve 17, the 8th valve 23, the 5th valve 24 are closed, and make pipe side water in action of thermal difference current downflow, and in process, flowmeter 12 shows in real time and records uninterrupted in pipe.If cross in bassoon due to resistance and there is no natural convection generation, close the 6th valve 21, open the 7th valve 22, the 8th valve 23, start high-temperature pump 13, realize the forced convertion circulation of pipeline.Monitoring in experimentation the value of each temperature survey and pressure-measuring-point in register system, as the raw data of subsequent analysis.
After experiment terminates, stop electric heating cover 2 to heat, start high-temperature pump 13 (if in advance not starting), open the 9th valve 19, discharge hot water in water tank 8, add appropriate cold water to water tank 8 simultaneously, after the reduction temperature that high-temperature water in loop is cooled to setting, close high-temperature pump 13.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 3 is the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2, be with the difference of embodiment 1, water tank 8 also comprises water tank top 42, and water tank top 42 or water tank wall 40 top are provided with second by the tenth valve 29 adds water pipeline 28.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 4 is the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3, is with the difference of embodiment 1, and water tank 8 also comprises the water tank top cover 31 matched with described water tank 8 bore; Described water tank top cover 31 comprises outer thin slice 32, internal layer thin slice 33, and the plate chamber 34 surrounded by described outer thin slice 32 and internal layer thin slice 33; Plate chamber 34 is built with heat eliminating medium tap water.Described water tank top cover 31 lid is located on described water tank wall 40 open top.Described water tank top cover 31 can extend a lower end better to play cooling effect.Described lower end can be designed as and described water tank wall 40 top is wrapped in interior form (as shown in Figure 4); Also can be designed as and can be wrapped in interior form (as shown in Figure 5) by described water tank wall 40.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art, all should by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (10)
1. a passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating, comprise heating tank (1), electric heating cover (2), heat exchanger tube (7), water tank (8), gas exhaust duct (5) and first adds water pipeline (10), it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger tube (7) has vertical section, first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment, vertical section is arranged in described water tank (8), parallel with the short transverse of water tank (8), first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment pass from the same side of water tank (8) and to be connected with bottom with the top of described heating tank (1) respectively afterwards, thus formation loop, described electric heating cover (2) is set in the outside surface of described heating tank (1), described heating tank (1) is provided with safety valve (3) and tensimeter (4), described gas exhaust duct (5) is connected by first horizontal segment of the first valve (17) with described heat exchanger tube (7), described first pipeline (10) that adds water is connected by second horizontal segment of the second valve (20) with described heat exchanger tube (7), with pipe outer wall in the pipe of described heat exchanger tube (7), and in described water tank (8), be respectively arranged with thermopair (25), pipe outer wall thermopair (26) and water tank thermopair (27) in pipe, described water tank (8) comprises at the bottom of water tank wall (40) and water tank (41).
2. passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with the 3rd valve (16) between the top of described first valve (17) and described heating tank (1); The 4th valve (18) is provided with between described first valve (17) and described heat exchanger tube (7); Between second horizontal segment of described heating tank (1) and described heat interchanger (7), the 5th valve (24) is provided with the first water delivering orifice (15); Described loop is provided with flowmeter (12), the first thermometer (6) and the first non-return valve (11).
3. passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described loop is provided with the 6th valve (21), and in the 3rd valve (16), the 4th valve (18), the 6th valve (21), select valve two ends be arranged in parallel a high-temperature pump (13) by the 7th valve (22) and the 8th valve (23), and be provided with the second non-return valve (14) between described high-temperature pump (13) outlet and the 7th valve (22).
4. passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described loop is provided with the 6th valve (21), and in the 3rd valve (16), the 4th valve (18), the 6th valve (21), select valve two ends be arranged in parallel a high-temperature pump (13) by the 7th valve (22) and the 8th valve (23), and be provided with the second non-return valve (14) between described high-temperature pump (13) outlet and the 7th valve (22).
5. passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the release pressure of described safety valve (3) is set to 1 ~ 30MPa.
6. passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water tank (8) also comprises water tank top (42); Described water tank top (42) or described water tank wall (40) top are provided with second by the tenth valve (29) and add water pipeline (28).
7. passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water tank (8) also comprises the water tank top cover (31) matched with described water tank (8) bore; Described water tank top cover (31) comprises outer thin slice (32), internal layer thin slice (33), and the plate chamber (34) surrounded by described outer thin slice (32) and internal layer thin slice (33).
8. passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described pipe, thermopair (25) and described pipe outer wall thermopair (26) are positioned on the same xsect of described heat exchanger tube (7).
9. the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating of any one according to claims 2 to 7, is characterized in that: in described pipe, thermopair (25) and described pipe outer wall thermopair (26) are positioned on the same xsect of described heat exchanger tube (7).
10. any one passive residual heat removal heat exchanger experimental system for simulating according to claims 1 to 8, is characterized in that: in described pipe, the quantity of thermopair (25) is 1 ~ 100; The quantity of described pipe outer wall thermopair (26) is 1 ~ 100; The quantity of described water tank thermopair (27) is 1 ~ 100 and short transverse along described water tank (8) distributes successively; (41) at the bottom of described water tank or described water tank wall (40) bottom are provided with the second water delivering orifice (9) by the 9th valve (19).
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| CN112102976A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-12-18 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Underwater movable measuring device for measuring high-temperature steam spraying condensation temperature |
| CN112102976B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2024-02-02 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Underwater movable measuring device for measuring high-temperature steam spraying condensation temperature |
| CN110415842A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-05 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of Bath Heat-Transfer simulated behavior material, preparation method and applications |
| CN112985761A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Test device for simulating natural convection process of refueling water tank arranged in containment |
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