CN105092371A - Biaxial drawing clamp with adjustable drawing ratio - Google Patents
Biaxial drawing clamp with adjustable drawing ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN105092371A CN105092371A CN201510586604.3A CN201510586604A CN105092371A CN 105092371 A CN105092371 A CN 105092371A CN 201510586604 A CN201510586604 A CN 201510586604A CN 105092371 A CN105092371 A CN 105092371A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biaxial drawing clamp with adjustable drawing ratio, relating to a clamp of a tensile testing machine. The biaxial drawing clamp comprises a base, a drawing plate and a mounting frame, wherein an upper chuck, a lower chuck, a left upper pull rod, a right upper pull rod, a left lower pull rod and a right lower pull rod are arranged on the base and the drawing plate correspondingly, a right connecting plate is arranged on the right side of the mounting frame, the upper end and the lower end of the right connecting plate are hinged with the right upper pull rod and the right lower pull rod, respectively, a left connecting block is arranged on the left side of the mounting frame, and is hinged with the left upper pull rod and the left lower pull rod, linear bearings are arranged on the left connecting block and the right connecting block, respectively, a left horizontal pull rod and a right horizontal pull rod are arranged in the linear bearings, a left chuck is arranged on the right end of the left horizontal pull rod, a right chuck is arranged on the left end of the right horizontal pull rod, the base is provided with a left guide pillar and a right guide pillar with adjustable inclination angles, a left slider and a right slider are arranged on the left and right guide pillars correspondingly, the left horizontal pull rod is hinged with the left slider, and the right horizontal pull rod is hinged with the right slider. The biaxial drawing clamp is simple in structure, low in cost, adjustable in drawing ratio, and high in biaxial drawing precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to clamp of stretching tester, say it is that a kind of structure is simple, with low cost in detail, stretch ratio is adjustable, biaxial stretch-formed precision is high, is applicable to the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio that uniaxial tensile test machine uses.
Background technology
We know, the existing biaxial stretch-formed device for using in test sample cross bidirectional stress performance or production, adopts multiple fixture combination usually, adopt at least two relatively independent drive units to coordinate fixtures to carry out work.Application number as State Intellectual Property Office announces: 201210107058.7, name is called: biaxial material tensile test and apply the application for a patent for invention of method of this device, this device adopts first, second two drive motor, adopt leading screw to connect four chucks and realize cross two-way stretch, its complex structure, the false drop of multiple driving mechanism and lead-screw drive mechanism is large, and precision is low; Be not suitable for uniaxial tensile test machine to use.State Intellectual Property Office discloses that application number is 201110182232.X, name is called: although the patent of invention of Dual-shaft synchronous stretching device solves the problems referred to above, and its geometric ratio that only can realize twin shaft stretches, and the stretch ratio of twin shaft is non-adjustable; And the drag-line of conventional common material all has ductility, can cause larger error.In the process of moving, tire ground area can produce circumference stress and the axial stress of different size to automobile under squeezing action; The shell of some pressures vessels for the chemical industry and chemical plant equal pressure container, at pressure medium effect lower casing body wall internal memory in the circumference stress of different size and axial stress.The mechanical biaxial tension grip of testing machine that stretch ratio is adjustable still belongs to blank at field of fixtures.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of mechanical type stretch ratio that adjustable, the biaxial stretch-formed precision of a kind of stretch ratio is high is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio that a kind of applicable uniaxial tensile test machine uses.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art adopt:
The adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of a kind of stretch ratio, it is characterized in that comprising base, drawing plate and erecting frame, what drawing plate paralleled with base is located at above base, base be respectively equipped with relative upper grip and lower chuck in the middle part of drawing plate, the drawing plate of the upper grip left and right sides is hinged with respectively upper left pull bar and upper right pull bar, the base of the lower chuck left and right sides is hinged with lower-left pull bar and bottom right pull bar respectively with upper left pull bar and upper right pull bar opposite position, erecting frame is located between base and drawing plate, erecting frame on the right side of upper right pull bar and bottom right pull bar is provided with can along the right contiguous block be free to slide about erecting frame, the both ends up and down of right contiguous block respectively with upper right pull bar and bottom right pull bar hinged, erecting frame on the left of upper left pull bar and lower-left pull bar is provided with can along the left contiguous block be free to slide about erecting frame, the both ends up and down of left contiguous block respectively with upper left pull bar and lower-left pull bar hinged, left contiguous block and right contiguous block are respectively equipped with linear bearing, the left girt parallel with base and right girt is provided with in linear bearing, left girt right-hand member on the right side of left contiguous block is provided with left chuck, and the right girt left end on the left of right contiguous block is provided with the right chuck relative with left chuck, base on base on the left of left contiguous block and on the right side of right contiguous block is respectively equipped with the adjustable left guidepost in pitch angle and right guidepost, left guidepost and right guidepost are respectively equipped with the left slider and right slide block that axially can be free to slide along left guidepost and right guidepost, left girt and left slider hinged, right girt and right slide block hinged.
The drawing plate of the upper grip left and right sides described in the present invention being respectively equipped with upper left draws contiguous block and upper right to draw contiguous block, the base of the lower chuck left and right sides draws contiguous block and upper right draw contiguous block opposite position to be respectively equipped with left bottom plate contiguous block and right base plate contiguous block with upper left; Described upper left pull bar and the upper end of upper right pull bar draw with upper left respectively contiguous block and upper right contiguous block hinged, the bottom end of lower-left pull bar and bottom right pull bar respectively with left bottom plate contiguous block and right base plate contiguous block hinged.
The rectangular frame-shaped of erecting frame described in the present invention, rectangle frame up and down two frame is parallel with base, two, left and right frame is vertical with base, left contiguous block and right contiguous block are respectively equipped with two slide openings matched with upper and lower two frames of rectangle frame, and left contiguous block and right contiguous block are set on two frames up and down of rectangle frame through slide opening; The upside of rectangle frame is provided with at least two guideposts, and drawing plate is provided with the guiding slide opening matched with guidepost, and what drawing plate can freely up and down slide through guiding slide opening is set on guidepost.
About the rectangle frame described in the present invention, two frames are respectively equipped with left slide opening and right slide opening with linear bearing opposite position, what left girt and right girt can be free to slide respectively is located in left slide opening and right slide opening.Left slide opening and right slide opening play the effect of support, guiding, and make system more firm, running precision is higher.
Left slide opening described in the present invention and right slide opening internal fixtion are provided with left linear bearing and right linear bearing, and left girt and right girt are located in left linear bearing and right linear bearing respectively.
The left guidepost that pitch angle described in the present invention is adjustable and the structure of right guidepost are: lower end and the base of left guidepost and right guidepost are hinged, base on the left of left guidepost and on the right side of right guidepost is provided with the left column and right column that can horizontally slip, base is provided with left column lock screw and right column lock screw, left column and right column are respectively equipped with the left column slide block and right column slide block that can vertically slide up and down, the upper end of left guidepost and right guidepost respectively with left column slide block and right column slide block hinged.After regulating left column and right column to horizontally slip on base, it is fastening, i.e. the pitch angle of adjustable left guidepost and right guidepost.
The left guidepost that pitch angle described in the present invention is adjustable and the structure of right guidepost are: base is provided with the left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider that can horizontally slip, base is provided with the left lock screw and right lock screw that match with left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider, the lower end of left guidepost and right guidepost respectively with left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider hinged, base on the left of left guidepost and on the right side of right guidepost is provided with left column and right column, left column and right column are respectively equipped with the left column slide block and right column slide block that can vertically slide up and down, the upper end of left guidepost and right guidepost respectively with left column slide block and right column slide block hinged.Left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider on base after the horizontal slip of left and right, it is fastening, i.e. the pitch angle of adjustable left guidepost and right guidepost.Also left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider, left column and right column can have the function that horizontally slips in the present invention simultaneously, after mobile, use lock screw to be locked on base.
The structure that in the present invention, left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider or left column and right column can horizontally slip on base is: base is provided with swallow-tail form or the chute in convex shape, be provided with the slide block be mated in chute, left adjusting slider is connected with slide block with the lower end of right column with right adjusting slider or left column.Base is provided with the locking screw holes be communicated with chute, is provided with clamping screw in locking screw holes.
Base described in the present invention and drawing plate are respectively equipped with the upper connecting rod for coordinating with testing machine and lower connecting rod.During use, be convenient to be connected with cupping machine.
The present invention in use, experimentally needs the angle of inclination regulating left guidepost and right guidepost, produces the horizontal and vertical displacement of required ratio when left slider and right slide block are slided on left guidepost and right guidepost.Base is connected with the chuck of tensile testing machine with drawing plate; Upper grip, lower chuck, left chuck and right chuck add respectively and are held on sample.Pull drawing plate, firm banking, sample vertical direction stretched, now upper left pull bar and upper right pull bar pull left contiguous block and right contiguous block to move up at vertical direction, in the horizontal direction and move left to the right; When left contiguous block and right contiguous block move at vertical direction, left contiguous block, right contiguous block and erecting frame drive left girt and right girt to move up, drive left slider and right slide block to slide to upper left side and upper right side on left guidepost and right guidepost, pull left chuck and right chuck to move both sides to the left and right.The vertical range of movement between drawing plate with base is two times of left contiguous block displacement vertical with right contiguous block; Horizontal direction is two-way stretch, can ensure stretching distance between upper grip with lower chuck and the stretching distance ratio between left chuck with right chuck, the ratio of its perpendicular displacement and horizontal shift is identical when sliding on left guidepost or right guidepost with left slider or right slide block.If the angle of inclination of left guidepost and right guidepost is 45 °, fixture of the present invention is etc. biaxial stretch-formed; Regulate the angle of inclination of left guidepost and right guidepost, can realize the biaxial stretch-formed functions such as non-, the angle of inclination according to left guidepost and right guidepost calculates the biaxial stretch-formed ratio of acquisition.
The present invention is Purely mechanical fixture, and have structure simple, manufacturing cost and use cost is cheap, and stretch ratio is adjustable, biaxial stretch-formed precision is high, is applicable to the advantages such as uniaxial tensile test machine use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A profile of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B profile of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the C-C profile of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the D-D profile of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the E-E profile of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio as shown in figures 1 to 6, comprise base 22, drawing plate 5 and erecting frame, what drawing plate 5 paralleled with base 22 is located at above base, base 22 be respectively equipped with relative upper grip 6 and lower chuck 25 in the middle part of drawing plate 5, the drawing plate of upper grip 6 left and right sides is hinged with respectively upper left pull bar 2 and upper right pull bar 11, the base of lower chuck 25 left and right sides is hinged with lower-left pull bar 28 and bottom right pull bar 20 respectively with upper left pull bar 2 and upper right pull bar 11 opposite position; As can be seen from Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the drawing plate 5 of upper grip 6 left and right sides being respectively equipped with upper left draws contiguous block 3 and upper right to draw contiguous block 10, the base 22 of lower chuck 25 left and right sides draws contiguous block 3 and upper right draw contiguous block 10 opposite position to be respectively equipped with left bottom plate contiguous block 26 and right base plate contiguous block 21 with upper left; Described upper left pull bar and the upper end of upper right pull bar draw contiguous block 3 and upper right to draw contiguous block 10 hinged respectively with upper left, the bottom end of lower-left pull bar and bottom right pull bar respectively with left bottom plate contiguous block 26 and right base plate contiguous block 21 hinged.Erecting frame is located between base and drawing plate, and the erecting frame on the right side of upper right pull bar and bottom right pull bar is provided with can along the right contiguous block 9 be free to slide about erecting frame; The both ends up and down of right contiguous block 9 respectively with upper right pull bar bottom and pull bar upper end, bottom right hinged; Erecting frame on the left of upper left pull bar and lower-left pull bar is provided with can along the left contiguous block 29 be free to slide about erecting frame, the both ends up and down of left contiguous block 29 respectively with pull bar bottom, upper left and pull bar upper end, lower-left hinged; As can be seen from the figure, the rectangular frame-shaped of described erecting frame, two frames up and down 4 of rectangle frame, 23 parallel with base, two, left and right frame is vertical with base, left contiguous block and right contiguous block are respectively equipped with two slide openings matched with upper and lower two frames 4,23 of rectangle frame, and left contiguous block and right contiguous block are set on two frames 4,23 up and down of rectangle frame through slide opening; The upside of rectangle frame is provided with at least two guideposts 1,12, and drawing plate is provided with the guiding slide opening matched with guidepost 1,12, and what drawing plate can freely up and down slide through guiding slide opening is set on guidepost 1,12; As can be seen from Figure 1, guidepost 1,12 is the upwards extension of two frames in left and right of rectangle frame (erecting frame).Left contiguous block 29 and right contiguous block 9 are respectively equipped with linear bearing 36, the left girt 35 parallel with base and right girt 15 is provided with in linear bearing 36, left girt 35 right-hand member on the right side of left contiguous block 29 is provided with left chuck 27, and right girt 15 left end on the left of right contiguous block 9 is provided with the right chuck 8 relative with left chuck 27; As can be seen from Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, two frames in rectangle frame (erecting frame) left and right are respectively equipped with left slide and right slide with linear bearing opposite position, left slide and right slide are respectively equipped with left slide opening and right slide opening 38, what left girt and right girt 15 can be free to slide respectively is located in left slide opening and right slide opening 38, as can be seen from Figure 6, the diameter of left girt and right girt is less than the aperture of left slide opening and right slide opening, reduces frictional resistance during work.Further improvement, can be fixed with left linear bearing and right linear bearing in described left slide opening and right slide opening, and left girt and right girt are located in left linear bearing and right linear bearing respectively; Left slide opening and right slide opening play the effect of support, guiding, and make system more firm, running precision is higher.Base on base on the left of left contiguous block and on the right side of right contiguous block is respectively equipped with the adjustable left guidepost in pitch angle and right guidepost, and left guidepost is tilted to the left from bottom to up, and right guidepost is tilted to the right from bottom to up, as can be seen from the figure, the left guidepost that described pitch angle is adjustable and the structure of right guidepost are: base is provided with the left adjusting slider 30 and right adjusting slider 19 that can horizontally slip, base is provided with the left lock screw and right lock screw that match with left adjusting slider 30 and right adjusting slider 19, the lower end of left guidepost 31 and right guidepost 17 respectively with left adjusting slider 30 and right adjusting slider 19 hinged, base on the left of left guidepost 31 and on the right side of right guidepost 17 is provided with left column 33 and right column 13, left column 33 and right column 13 are respectively equipped with the left column slide block 34 and right column slide block 14 that can vertically slide up and down, the upper end of left guidepost 31 and right guidepost 17 respectively with left column slide block 34 and right column slide block 14 hinged.Left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider on base after the horizontal slip of left and right, it is fastening, i.e. the pitch angle of adjustable left guidepost and right guidepost.The left guidepost that pitch angle is adjustable and the structure of right guidepost also can be: lower end and the base of left guidepost and right guidepost are hinged, base on the left of left guidepost and on the right side of right guidepost is provided with the left column and right column that can horizontally slip, base is provided with left column lock screw and right column lock screw, left column and right column are respectively equipped with the left column slide block and right column slide block that can vertically slide up and down, the upper end of left guidepost and right guidepost respectively with left column slide block and right column slide block hinged.After regulating left column and right column to horizontally slip on base, it is fastening, i.e. the pitch angle of adjustable left guidepost and right guidepost.Also left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider, left column and right column can have the function that horizontally slips in the present invention simultaneously, after mobile, use lock screw to be locked on base.Left guidepost and right guidepost are respectively equipped with the left slider 32 and right slide block 16 that axially can be free to slide along left guidepost and right guidepost, and left part and the left slider 32 of left girt 35 are hinged, and right part and the right slide block 16 of right girt 15 are hinged; As can be seen from Figure 4, be provided with linear bearing in left slider 32 and right slide block 16, left slider 32 and right slide block 16 are arranged on left guidepost and right guidepost through linear bearing.Wherein, the structure that left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider or left column and right column can horizontally slip on base is: base is provided with swallow-tail form or the chute in convex shape, be provided with the slide block 37 be mated in chute, left adjusting slider is connected with slide block 37 with the lower end of right column with right adjusting slider or left column; As can be seen from Figure 5, the chute on base is the uncovered convex shape in upper end.Base is provided with the locking screw holes be communicated with chute, is provided with clamping screw 18 in locking screw holes, and when tightening clamping screw 18 in chute, slide block holds out against and is fixed in chute by clamping screw.Base and drawing plate are respectively equipped with the upper connecting rod for coordinating with testing machine and lower connecting rod; During use, be convenient to be connected with cupping machine.
The present invention in use, experimentally needs the angle of inclination regulating left guidepost and right guidepost, produces the horizontal and vertical displacement of required ratio when left slider and right slide block are slided on left guidepost and right guidepost.Base is connected with the chuck of tensile testing machine with lower connecting rod through upper connecting rod with drawing plate; Upper grip, lower chuck, left chuck and right chuck add respectively and are held on sample.Pull drawing plate, firm banking, sample vertical direction stretched, now upper left pull bar and upper right pull bar pull left contiguous block and right contiguous block to move up at vertical direction, in the horizontal direction and move left to the right; When left contiguous block and right contiguous block move at vertical direction, left contiguous block, right contiguous block and erecting frame drive left girt and right girt to move up, drive left slider and right slide block to slide to upper left side and upper right side on left guidepost and right guidepost, pull left chuck and right chuck to move both sides to the left and right.The vertical range of movement between drawing plate with base is two times of left contiguous block displacement vertical with right contiguous block; Horizontal direction is two-way stretch, can ensure stretching distance between upper grip with lower chuck and the stretching distance ratio between left chuck with right chuck, the ratio of its perpendicular displacement and horizontal shift is identical when sliding on left guidepost or right guidepost with left slider or right slide block.If the angle of inclination of left guidepost and right guidepost is 45 °, fixture of the present invention is etc. biaxial stretch-formed; Regulate the angle of inclination of left guidepost and right guidepost, can realize the biaxial stretch-formed functions such as non-, the angle of inclination according to left guidepost and right guidepost calculates the biaxial stretch-formed ratio of acquisition.The present invention is Purely mechanical fixture, and have structure simple, manufacturing cost and use cost is cheap, and stretch ratio is adjustable, biaxial stretch-formed precision is high, is applicable to the advantages such as uniaxial tensile test machine use.
Claims (9)
1. the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio, it is characterized in that comprising base, drawing plate and erecting frame, what drawing plate paralleled with base is located at above base, base be respectively equipped with relative upper grip and lower chuck in the middle part of drawing plate, the drawing plate of the upper grip left and right sides is hinged with respectively upper left pull bar and upper right pull bar, the base of the lower chuck left and right sides is hinged with lower-left pull bar and bottom right pull bar respectively with upper left pull bar and upper right pull bar opposite position, erecting frame is located between base and drawing plate, erecting frame on the right side of upper right pull bar and bottom right pull bar is provided with can along the right contiguous block be free to slide about erecting frame, the both ends up and down of right contiguous block respectively with upper right pull bar and bottom right pull bar hinged, erecting frame on the left of upper left pull bar and lower-left pull bar is provided with can along the left contiguous block be free to slide about erecting frame, the both ends up and down of left contiguous block respectively with upper left pull bar and lower-left pull bar hinged, left contiguous block and right contiguous block are respectively equipped with linear bearing, the left girt parallel with base and right girt is provided with in linear bearing, left girt right-hand member on the right side of left contiguous block is provided with left chuck, and the right girt left end on the left of right contiguous block is provided with the right chuck relative with left chuck, base on base on the left of left contiguous block and on the right side of right contiguous block is respectively equipped with the adjustable left guidepost in pitch angle and right guidepost, left guidepost and right guidepost are respectively equipped with the left slider and right slide block that axially can be free to slide along left guidepost and right guidepost, left girt and left slider hinged, right girt and right slide block hinged.
2. the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio according to claim 1; the drawing plate that it is characterized in that the described upper grip left and right sides is respectively equipped with upper left draws contiguous block and upper right to draw contiguous block, the base of the lower chuck left and right sides draws contiguous block and upper right draw contiguous block opposite position to be respectively equipped with left bottom plate contiguous block and right base plate contiguous block with upper left; Described upper left pull bar and the upper end of upper right pull bar draw with upper left respectively contiguous block and upper right contiguous block hinged, the bottom end of lower-left pull bar and bottom right pull bar respectively with left bottom plate contiguous block and right base plate contiguous block hinged.
3. the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the rectangular frame-shaped of described erecting frame, rectangle frame up and down two frame is parallel with base, two, left and right frame is vertical with base, left contiguous block and right contiguous block are respectively equipped with two slide openings matched with upper and lower two frames of rectangle frame, and left contiguous block and right contiguous block are set on two frames up and down of rectangle frame through slide opening; The upside of rectangle frame is provided with at least two guideposts, and drawing plate is provided with the guiding slide opening matched with guidepost, and what drawing plate can freely up and down slide through guiding slide opening is set on guidepost.
4. the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio according to claim 3, it is characterized in that two frames being respectively equipped with left slide opening and right slide opening with linear bearing opposite position about described rectangle frame, what left girt and right girt can be free to slide respectively is located in left slide opening and right slide opening.
5. the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described left slide opening and right slide opening internal fixtion are provided with left linear bearing and right linear bearing, left girt and right girt are located in left linear bearing and right linear bearing respectively.
6. according to the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of the stretch ratio in claim 1-5 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that the structure of the left guidepost that described pitch angle is adjustable and right guidepost is: lower end and the base of left guidepost and right guidepost are hinged, base on the left of left guidepost and on the right side of right guidepost is provided with the left column and right column that can horizontally slip, base is provided with left column lock screw and right column lock screw, left column and right column are respectively equipped with the left column slide block and right column slide block that can vertically slide up and down, the upper end of left guidepost and right guidepost respectively with left column slide block and right column slide block hinged.
7. according to the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of the stretch ratio in claim 1-5 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that the structure of the left guidepost that described pitch angle is adjustable and right guidepost is: base is provided with the left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider that can horizontally slip, base is provided with the left lock screw and right lock screw that match with left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider, the lower end of left guidepost and right guidepost respectively with left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider hinged, base on the left of left guidepost and on the right side of right guidepost is provided with left column and right column, left column and right column are respectively equipped with the left column slide block and right column slide block that can vertically slide up and down, the upper end of left guidepost and right guidepost respectively with left column slide block and right column slide block hinged.
8. the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the structure that described left adjusting slider and right adjusting slider can horizontally slip on base is: base is provided with swallow-tail form or the chute in convex shape, be provided with the slide block be mated in chute, left adjusting slider is connected with slide block with right adjusting slider lower end.
9. the adjustable biaxial stretch-formed fixture of stretch ratio according to claim 7, it is characterized in that the structure that described left column and right column can horizontally slip on base is: base is provided with swallow-tail form or the chute in convex shape, be provided with the slide block be mated in chute, left column is connected with slide block with the lower end of right column.
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