CN105089500A - Coal mine downhole hydraulic jet tree-shaped drill hole way-type drilling unit - Google Patents
Coal mine downhole hydraulic jet tree-shaped drill hole way-type drilling unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal mine downhole hydraulic jet tree-shaped drill hole way-type drilling unit. The drilling unit comprises drill rod, a guider, a drill bit, a high-pressure hose, a self-propelled drill bit and a dial. The drill rod is in threaded connection with the front end of the guider. The drill bit is in threaded connection with the tail end of the guider. The drill rod, the guider and the drill bit are used in cooperation, and the two steps of broaching and guider feeding-in can be finished at the same time. After broaching is finished, the high-pressure hose and the self-propelled drill bit are used for drilling tree-shaped drill holes in a coal seam. The distribution uniformity of the tree-shaped drill holes is controlled by the dial. The main effect of the drilling unit is to drill main holes of the tree-shaped drill holes of the coal seam and the tree-shaped drill holes, and uniform permeability increase of the coal seam is achieved. The drilling unit is simple in structure, convenient to operate and suitable for drilling the tree-shaped drill holes in the gas extraction process of the low-air-permeability coal seam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine down-hole drilling technology, be specifically related to the drilling tool used when self-advancing type in lower permeability seam gas pumping process creeps into tree-shaped boring.
Background technology
The a lot of coal seam of China has the features such as low-permeability, and conventional method is difficult to carry out effective gas pumping to the coal seam of low-permeability, and how increasing gas permeability of coal seam is the key solving a low-air-permeability coal-bed gas extraction difficult problem.
Waterpower technology is as the anti-reflection technology of the effective reservoir of one, and providing feasible method for solving the hypotonic problem in coal seam, is the effective way increasing coal seam permeability.Waterpower technology is using water under high pressure as power, initial fissure in reservoir is expanded extend or artificially form new hole, the line of rabbet joint, crack etc., impel rock mass to produce displacement, reach the object of reservoir release anatonosis, as water jet slot (or reaming, boring), fracturing etc.The anti-reflection technology in jetting tree-shaped boring coal seam is as the anti-reflection technology of a kind of novel waterpowerization, take water under high pressure as power, self-feeding bit is first advanced in female hole, rock stratum, behind arrival precalculated position, coal seam, led by guider, thus Drilling goes out vertical tree-shaped sub-aperture, to reach the effect making coal seam anti-reflection.The anti-reflection technology in jetting tree-shaped boring coal seam is efficient, safe gas pre-drainage mode, has and shortens boring total length, and then saves boring cost shortening drilling time; Realize the evenly anti-reflection of low-permeability coal seam; Boring can not produce spark and coal dust, increases the safety of work, improves the advantages such as working environment.
The drilling tool at present spraying tree-shaped boring for underground coal mine waterpower is separately independently.Owing to will realize high-pressure hose turning in guider, female hole must meet certain diametric requirements, therefore, after use normal drill bit creeps into female hole, needs to carry out reaming with reaming bit.Although the existing reaming bit in colliery can get out the hole met the demands, because the feeding of boring with guider is carried out separately, often spend the much time, increase workload, and in guider decentralization process, also may there is the situation of collapse hole in female hole.
In addition, present guider is unreasonable to guide rail design, and one is usually only have a curvature, comparatively difficult when high-pressure hose is turned; Two is not to turning to guide rail width to make appropriate design, has that pilot hole is too small makes high-pressure hose fitchering, excessive, can not play the problem of physical constraint effect.In addition, present guider is considered not enough to deslagging problem when creeping into tree-shaped boring, and guider annular space is little, can not deslagging smoothly, thus affects the smooth advance of drill bit.
Further, underground coal mine waterpower sprays tree-shaped boring needs self-feeding bit, and self-feeding bit needs to coordinate with guider, and present drill bit exists following problem: 1) drill bit or nozzle arrangements complexity, and size is large, and steering capability is poor, and the life-span is short; 2) during long distance boring, rock breaking by water jet drilling efficiency is low; 3) to bore perforation size little, easy drill-pipe-sticking-head, and deslagging is difficult; 4) rotating jet drill bit due to rotating jet central energy low, rock breaking efficiency is poor, is easily formed centrally boss in the borehole, hinder drill bit advance; 5) drill bit produce certainly to enter power little, eyelet track is wayward, easily bores inclined hole.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for prior art above shortcomings, a kind of underground coal mine waterpower is provided to spray tree-shaped boring way-type drilling unit, drilling rod, guider, drill bit, high-pressure hose, self-feeding bit and dial are carried out reasonable combination by it, and optimize jackrod structure, reduce the resistance that high-pressure hose passes through; Optimize guide structure, enable guider and drill bit with the use of; Optimize drill bit structure, improve drilling efficiency; Have chosen suitable high-pressure hose, optimize the structure of high-pressure hose front end self-feeding bit; Devise dial, tree-shaped boring is uniformly distributed.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Underground coal mine waterpower is sprayed tree-shaped boring way-type drilling unit and is comprised drilling rod, guider, drill bit, high-pressure hose, guiding dial and self-feeding bit.
Wherein, drilling rod, guider are connected successively with drill bit, when reaming with the use of.High-pressure hose, self-feeding bit and dial use when creeping into tree-shaped boring, the chuck that drilling rod is connected with rig front end is provided with steering dial, dial one end to be fixed on drilling rod and to rotate with drilling rod, the other end is fixed on chuck of rig, the rotational angle of guider is controlled by dial, self-feeding bit is connected to high-pressure hose front end, and led by guider via drilling rod when creeping into tree-shaped boring, depending nozzle jet produces and get out tree-shaped hole from entering power.
Described drill pipe diameter size is consistent with the diameter that drilling rod is commonly used in coal mine gas extraction, and its external diameter is 73mm, internal diameter 50mm; Before and after drilling rod, screw thread is all according to national standard design, is convenient to connect; Drilling rod inside is smooth through hole, and high-pressure hose can pass through smoothly.
The diameter of described guider is 100-150mm.Guider upper end is the female drilling rod connecting portion of tool, and lower end is for having externally threaded drill bit connecting portion, and two connecting portions have the through hole of up/down perforation.Have hyperbolicity turning guide rail in guider, its width is 2 times of high-pressure hose front end nozzle width, and scope is between 20-50mm, and turning radius is 75-150mm, belongs to super short radius horizontal well guider.
The importer of described guide rail to mutually vertical with the centre-line of track of Way out, namely from axially entering, radial direction goes out, whole guide rail comprises axial direct pipeline section, the first arc section, inclined tube section and the second arc section from import successively to outlet.
Described its length of axial direct pipeline section is 30-50mm, and the through hole of drilling rod connecting portion is transitioned into this axial direct pipeline section by an oblique contraction section.
The circular arc radian of described first arc section a=10 °-30 °, diameter 75-150mm.
Described inclined tube section and two arc sections tangent, connect the first arc section and the second arc section.
The circular arc radian b=a+90 ° of described second arc section, diameter 75-130mm; Be furnished with pore in the bottom part of the second arc section, and enable the High-Pressure Water of guider track arrive drill bit by the through hole of pore through coupling part; The end of the second arc section is guide rail exit position, is provided with hollow volution, and when using way-type drilling unit to carry out reaming, circular cement block is fixed on hollow volution, seals guide rail outlet.
The wall of described guide rail is provided with four rolling, and roller radius size is 4-5mm, protrudes from rail walls and is about 2mm; And on the first arc section, arrange roller, on the second arc section, arrange three rollers.
Described drill bit size and coal mine gas extraction common drill bit in the same size, auger shell line is standard thread, is convenient to be connected with guider; Drill bit internal has the runner be communicated with guider coupling part, enable current by passing through drill bit again after guider, to carry out deslagging, drill bit inner flow passage reduces from top to bottom gradually, and be equipped with one section of space increased in interposition, form cavitation structure, the current that can be used in deslagging have the effect of auxiliary rock concurrently, promote efficiency of breaking rock; The cinder that boring produces is discharged from drill bit annular space.
Described self-feeding bit is connected to high-pressure hose front end.Self-feeding bit comprises center self-oscillation nozzle, limit nozzle, middle part nozzle and posterior nozzle on bit body and bit body, and bit body has front platform and internal cavities.Described bit body front portion is spherical, and spherical front end face is a platform, and Platform center and self-feeding bit axis arrange center self-oscillation nozzle, and platform is evenly arranged the limit nozzle with subtended angle α and drift angle β around center self-oscillation nozzle surrounding; Be evenly distributed with the middle part nozzle in cross-section with deviation angle θ in the middle part of bit body, cross section referred to the middle part axis of nozzle and the plane vertical with drill axis; Bit body rear end is openend, be provided with internal thread for connecting high-pressure hose, its sidewall being evenly arranged with bit body axis is the posterior nozzle of cone angle Φ, and the internal cavities of bit body is the conical and columniform combination cavity of back segment of leading portion, and the tapering of conical section is
.The center self-oscillation nozzle of this self-feeding bit and limit nozzle can fractured coal and rock; Middle part nozzle vertically can spray high-speed jet to boring in self-feeding bit drilling process, makes self-feeding bit and drill hole wall keep certain distance, reaches the effect to drill bit righting, avoids boring partially; Posterior nozzle can advance for self-feeding bit provides certain propulsive thrust, and energizes high-pressure flexible pipe passes drilling rod and guider together when creeping into tree-shaped boring, and the circular cement block at broken director outlets place, finally carry out tree-shaped boring and creep into.The rotational angle of guider is controlled by dial, and drive guider to rotate together when drilling rod rotates, dial then can show drilling rod rotational angle, thus obtains the rotational angle of guider, for being uniformly distributed of tree-shaped boring is given security.
Adopt way-type drilling unit of the present invention, use normal drill bit to hole in advance to coal seam in low level lane, drilling tool of the present invention is used to carry out reaming after pore-forming, form female hole of the tree-shaped boring of self-advancing type jetting, recycling high-pressure hose and self-feeding bit creep into the tree-shaped boring in coal seam in precalculated position, coal seam, realize the evenly anti-reflection of coal seam.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, drilling rod, guider, drill bit, high-pressure hose, self-feeding bit and dial are carried out reasonable combination by described way-type drilling unit, the female hole drill of tree-shaped boring can be completed enter and the bringing into of guider simultaneously, namely by drill bit reaming, do not need after creeping into move back to bore and guider is installed, directly can carry out creeping into of the tree-shaped boring in coal seam, save and sent into separately the produced time owing to moving back brill, guiding device, and alleviated workload.
2, to commonly use drilling rod in the same size way-type drilling unit drilling rod used size and colliery, thus facilitate drilling rod to use and processing; Drilling rod inside is smooth through hole, and high-pressure hose can pass through smoothly.
3, the drilling rod of way-type drilling unit, guiding device, drill bit be interconnected employing standard thread, convenient processing with use.Both drilling rod, drill bit can be used as reaming bit separately, also can add guiding device, creeping into for tree-shaped boring provides guide rail.
4, the resistance that passes through of short, the high-pressure hose of the guider radius of way-type drilling unit is little.
5, the drill bit that guider front end connects is cavitation drill bit, the flow passage of the drill bit that the guide rail of guiding device is connected with front end, after water under high pressure passes through runner, can carry out the broken rock of assisting, increase drilling efficiency with lower water pressure.
6, self-feeding bit is integrated, and design is relatively simple, and bit size is little, and bit life is long, and rock breaking efficiency is good, and bore size is large, and can not form boss, drill bit not easily bores partially.Further, the high-pressure fluid that pump produces enters self-feeding bit through high-pressure hose, will be divided into four strands of jets, self-feeding bit is had function that rock is broken in good classification.
7, the high-pressure hose of way-type drilling unit in working order time, the forward thrust that water under high pressure can be relied on to produce and the breaking capacity of water under high pressure to coal body creep into tree-shaped boring.
8, by the adjustment of dial to director outlets direction, being uniformly distributed of tree-shaped boring can be realized, better improve gas permeability of coal seam.
Use when the visible way-type drilling unit that the present invention relates to is adapted at creeping into tree-shaped boring in lower permeability seam gas pumping process, Main Function is while reaming forms female hole of tree-shaped boring, guiding device is brought into precalculated position, coal seam, and utilize high-pressure hose and self-feeding bit in coal seam, creep into tree-shaped boring, thus improve gas permeability of coal seam.
Accompanying drawing explanation
It is drilling tool schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 1;
It is jackrod structure schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 2;
It is guide structure schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 guider supplies water the pore flowed through;
Guider of the present invention hollow volution used and circular cement block shown in Fig. 5;
It is drill bit structure schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 6;
It is drill bit structure end view drawing of the present invention shown in Fig. 7;
It is the left view of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Fig. 8;
It is A-A sectional drawing of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Fig. 9;
It is B-B sectional drawing of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Figure 10;
It is the enlarged drawing of the center self-oscillation nozzle section of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Figure 11;
It is the schematic diagram of nozzle drift angle, self-feeding bit limit of the present invention and subtended angle shown in Figure 12;
It is self-feeding bit of the present invention and traditional only with the comparison diagram of the rock breaking efficiency of axial subtended angle drill bit shown in Figure 13;
It is dial front view of the present invention shown in Figure 14;
It is dial side cut away view of the present invention shown in Figure 15.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the way-type drilling unit that the present invention proposes comprises drilling rod (1), guider (2), drill bit (3), high-pressure hose (4), self-feeding bit (5) and steering dial (6) etc.Drilling rod (1), guider (2) are connected successively with drill bit (3), when reaming with the use of.High-pressure hose (4), self-feeding bit (5) and steering dial (6) use when creeping into tree-shaped boring.Steering dial one end to be fixed on drilling rod and to rotate with drilling rod, and the other end is fixed on chuck of rig, and the rotational angle of guider (2) is controlled by steering dial.High-pressure hose of the present invention (4) front end is provided with self-feeding bit (5), and high-pressure hose can bear certain high pressure, and has certain pliability.
As shown in Figure 2, the diameter of drilling rod (1) is consistent with the diameter that drilling rod is commonly used in coal mine gas extraction, and its external diameter is 73mm, internal diameter 50mm.Before and after drilling rod, screw thread is all according to national standard design, and be convenient to connect, drilling rod inside is smooth through hole, and high-pressure hose can pass through smoothly.This drilling rod is conducive to accurately guider being delivered to assigned address, and drives guider to turn to.
As shown in Figure 3, guider (2) upper end is drilling rod connecting portion (2.1), and lower end is drill bit connecting portion (2.10), and their screw thread is standard thread, size conforms to drill bit thread be connected drilling rod, has the through hole of up/down perforation in two connecting portions.
The guide rail to high-pressure hose guiding is provided with in guider (2), the Way in of guide rail is mutually vertical with the centre-line of track of Way out, namely from axially entering, radial direction goes out, whole guide rail comprises axial direct pipeline section (2.2), the first arc section (2.3), inclined tube section (2.4) and the second arc section (2.5) from import successively to outlet, and their specific design is:
Axial direct pipeline section (2.2) length is 30-50mm, and the through hole lower end of drilling rod connecting portion (2.1) is transitioned into this axial direct pipeline section (2.2) by an oblique contraction section.
The circular arc radian of the first arc section (2.3) a=10 °-30 °, diameter 75-150mm.
Inclined tube section (2.4) is tangent with two arc sections, connects the first arc section (2.3) and the second arc section (2.5).
The circular arc radian b=a+90 ° of the second arc section (2.5), diameter 75-130mm.Composition graphs 4 is visible, pore (2.7) is furnished with in the second arc section (2.5) bottom part, be communicated with the through hole in coupling part (2.10), when using way-type drilling unit to carry out reaming, High-Pressure Water can by arriving drill bit by the through hole of pore (2.7) and coupling part (2.10) after guider track again, High-Pressure Water can be made like this when exercising deslagging function, the broken rock of assisting can be carried out with lower water pressure, increase drilling efficiency.Composition graphs 5 is visible, and the end of the second arc section (2.5) is guide rail exit position, is provided with hollow volution (2.8), and hollow volution is hollow interior hexagonal structure, and is carved with installation screw thread outside annulus.When using way-type drilling unit to carry out reaming, the upper fixing circular cement block (2.9) of hollow volution (2.8), for sealing guide rail outlet.Therefore, the hollow volution of guider and circular cement block should use when reaming, and install before reaming.Director outlets place can seal when way-type drilling unit creeps into by circular cement block, enables the High-Pressure Water of guider track arrive drill bit by the pore on track.Although the intensity of circular cement block can bear the pressure of the water under high pressure used in way-type drilling unit drilling process, self-feeding bit can be broken and pass through guider by circular cement block.
Simultaneously, the wall of guide rail is provided with four rolling (2.6), roller radius size is 4-5mm, protrude from rail walls and be about 2mm, at the upper layout roller of the first arc section (2.3), at upper layout three rollers of the second arc section (2.5), effect is the drill bit correct guidance of additional high pressure flexible pipe, can effectively reduce the resistance that high-pressure hose passes through simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, drill bit (3) size and the coal mine gas extraction common drill bit of the connection of guider front end are in the same size, and auger shell line is standard thread, is convenient to be connected with guider.A part for the overall guiding device of this drill bit, in female hole pore-forming rule and easier when having obstruction guiding device is sent into female hole not, can complete reaming by a small margin simultaneously.Drill bit internal has the runner (3.1) be communicated with drill bit connecting portion (2.10) through hole of guider, enable current by after guider again by drill bit, to carry out deslagging.Drill bit inner flow passage reduces from top to bottom gradually, and is equipped with one section of space increased in interposition, and form cavitation structure (3.2), the current that can be used in deslagging have the effect of auxiliary rock concurrently, promote efficiency of breaking rock.Use this drill bit, the flow passage of the drill bit that the guide rail of guiding device is connected with front end, water under high pressure, by after runner, can carry out the broken rock of assisting with lower water pressure, increase drilling efficiency.
As shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 12, self-feeding bit comprises center self-oscillation nozzle (5.2), limit nozzle (5.3), middle part nozzle (5.4) and posterior nozzle (5.5) on bit body and bit body.Self-feeding bit (5) front portion is spherical, front end is a platform (5.1), platform (5.1) reduces the overall dimensions of drill bit, be convenient on platform, get out center self-oscillation nozzle (5.2) and limit nozzle (5.3), its radius R 2 is 2.5mm-4.0mm.Self-oscillation nozzle (5.2) surrounding is evenly arranged the limit nozzle (5.3) with certain subtended angle α and drift angle β.
As shown in figure 12, subtended angle α and drift angle β is defined as: on the front end face of internal cavities conical section, determine to be some limit nozzle starting point c apart from drill axis certain distance, to cross limit nozzle starting point c and the straight line cc ＇ parallel with drill axis oo ＇ is defined as straight line one, straight line one and drill axis determined plane oo ＇ d ＇ d are defined as plane one; With straight line one for baseline, first in plane one, deflect certain angle to jet exit direction, limit to the direction away from drill axis, this angle initialization is subtended angle α, now nozzle-axis ce is defined as straight line two; Again by straight line two with limit nozzle starting point for initial point, with straight line one for axis of rotation, rotate certain cone angle, the nozzle-axis cf of gained is defined as straight line three, be the actual axis of front nozzle, now the angle of projection ec ＇ on self-feeding bit cross section of straight line two and straight line three and fc ＇ be set as drift angle β.All limits nozzle is all according to said method evenly arranged, and the angle and direction of deflection is all consistent.The number of limit nozzle (5.3) is 3-6, and nozzle diameter is 0.5mm-1.2mm, distribution radius R1 is 1.0mm-2.0mm, subtended angle α is between 15 °-30 °, optimum is 25 °, and drift angle β is between 60 °-90 °, and optimum is 360 °/n (n refers to limit nozzle number).Distribution radius R1 refers to the distance of limit injection stream export center to drill axis.
The middle part nozzle (5.4) in cross-section with certain deviation angle θ is evenly distributed with in the middle part of drill bit, as shown in Figure 10, cross section referred to the middle part axis of nozzle and the plane vertical with drill axis, and deviation angle θ refers to the middle part axis of nozzle and the angle of radial radius.Visible in conjunction with Figure 10, the number of middle part nozzle (5.4) is 3-6, and nozzle diameter is 0.5mm-1.2mm, and deviation angle θ is between 30 °-45 °.The Main Function of middle part nozzle is centralizing function, and it is more weak that broken rock repaiies hole effect, and the moment that the recoil strength of its jet produces simultaneously can make drill bit tighten.
Drill bit rear end is openend, inside is provided with internal thread (5.6) for connecting high-pressure hose, being evenly arranged above it with axis is the posterior nozzle (5.5) of certain cone angle Φ, and as shown in Figure 9, cone angle Φ refers to the axis of posterior nozzle and the angle of drill axis; The number of posterior nozzle (5.5) is 6-8, and nozzle diameter is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and axial cone angle Φ is between 10 °-30 °, and optimum is 25 °.
Composition graphs 9 is visible, and to be cone angle be drill bit internal
cone and cylindrical combination cavity (5.7), the cone angle of combination cavity conical section between 20 °-45 °, this cone angle
selection principle be make the local losses of jet minimum, easy to process.
Visible in conjunction with Figure 11, center self-oscillation nozzle (5.2) is arranged on self-feeding bit axis, is made up of successively upstream nozzle (5.8), the self-excited oscillation cavity (5.9) and downstream nozzle (5.10).Self-oscillation cavity length L is generally 2.3 ~ 3.3 times of upstream nozzle diameter d 1, and downstream nozzle diameter d 2 is generally 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of upstream nozzle diameter d 1.The main body of the self-excited oscillation cavity (5.9) is cylindrical cavity, and its diameter is 18 times of upstream nozzle diameter d 1; The vertical section of cavity is laterally zygomorphic parallelogram, and cavity upstream and downstream nozzle impingement wall is taper surface, and upstream nozzle impact walls is upstream convex, and downstream nozzle impact walls is recessed to downstream.
The entire length scope of self-feeding bit is 14mm-18mm, and external diametrical extent is 10mm-14mm.
Water under high pressure can be divided into four strands of jets by self-feeding bit of the present invention, this drill bit is had function that rock is broken in classification:
First, a part of fluid is by center self-oscillation nozzle, and the self-oscillation chamber of depending nozzle, changes solid jet into pulsing jet, improves the instantaneous hitting power of central jet, and take the lead in fragmentation hole, generation center.Be: upstream nozzle completes the formation of jet beam in chamber that its geometric parameter, machining accuracy etc. are by the position, disturbance size etc. of the flow behavior and shear layer initially-separate that affect jet beam in its principle.The self-excited oscillation cavity can form feedback path, can select according to different length and diameter to frequency.When the disturbance spike amplified by shear layer arrives downstream impact walls, collide with it, the partial cross sectional area due to this place's jet is greater than the sectional area of lower exit, by the impact of speed, can produce a pressure transient here.This transition is upstream reflected along jet axis with the velocity of sound, goes out produce pressure transient again in upstream nozzle, and then the disturbance that here generation one is powerful, this disturbance transports to downstream with shear layer again, and be exaggerated, collide again when arriving downstream, produce pressure transient.So come and go and repeat, form positive feedback closed-loop path, form self-oscillation.Assembled at this process medium fluid energy, then discharged by phased manner, just formed the pulsing jet of instantaneous energy than high several times of solid jet energy.Concrete mechanism of production is shown in the mechanism of production of self-excited oscillation pulsed water jet.
Then, part fluid is by having the limit nozzle of certain subtended angle and drift angle, the jet produced has three-dimensional velocity: axial velocity, radial velocity and hoop speed, rock is made not only impact failure to occur, shear tension is also had to destroy, and in drilling process, range between drill bit and rock is by as far as near moving-target distance, compared with traditional rock breaking efficiency only having the drill bit of subtended angle, its rock breaking efficiency is as shown in figure 13: the erosion hole that the drill bit with drift angle and subtended angle produces can form central communication hole effectively, because the drilling process of self-feeding bit is by as far as near dynamic process, the i.e. process of moving-target distance, so the application point that difference creeps into moment water jet is change.To the drill bit only with subtended angle, the track of its jet action point was the straight line at center, and to being with the drill bit of drift angle and subtended angle, its application point track is helix, so its trajectory is longer, and damage area is larger, the fragmentation hole more easily making each jet cause forms boring, thus rock breaking efficiency is good, can continue broken rock creep into around fragmentation hole, center, form a pilot hole, drill bit is advanced.
Then, through there is the middle part nozzle of certain deviation angle in cross-section and the jet formed has radial velocity component and tangential-velocity component that (tangential velocity refers to the component velocity of the tangential direction along drill bit circumferential wall.), the radial velocity of jet can make drill bit unsettled all the time, has centralizing function, and what keep drill bit and high-voltage tube creeps into balance, and bit drills can be prevented to a certain extent inclined; Tangential velocity can carry out cutting damage to the rock around pilot hole, carries out reaming again to boring, and revises boring, makes borehole shape more regular.
Finally, another high-pressure fluid is by by being the posterior nozzle of certain cone angle with drill axis, and the jet of generation provides for drill bit and creeping into of high-voltage tube from thrust, and reaming further.In addition, because the quantity of posterior nozzle is relatively many, jet backward has good deslagging function in a large number, and jet backward and axis have identical angle, angle is less, produce the recoil strength of jet larger, but along with the reduction of cone angle, jet exit direction and importer increase to deflection angle, local pressure loss increases, effluxvelocity reduces, thus reduces from entering power, therefore cone angle is generally between 10 °-30 °.
See Figure 14, Figure 15, the chuck that drilling rod is connected with rig front end is provided with steering dial (6), and the rotational angle of guider (2) is controlled by steering dial.Steering dial is after reaming completes, and uses when creeping into tree-shaped boring, and during use, steering dial one end to be fixed on drilling rod and to rotate with drilling rod, and the other end is fixed on chuck of rig.The drilling rod anglec of rotation can be read by steering dial, steering dial can within the scope of 360 ° reading, the drilling rod anglec of rotation and the guider anglec of rotation, reasonably control the anglec of rotation and can realize being uniformly distributed of tree-shaped boring.
The operating principle of way-type drilling unit of the present invention is: use normal drill bit to hole in advance to coal seam in low level lane, drilling tool of the present invention is used to carry out reaming after pore-forming, form female hole of the tree-shaped boring of self-advancing type jetting, recycling high-pressure hose and self-feeding bit creep into tree-shaped boring in precalculated position, coal seam, realize the evenly anti-reflection of coal seam.
Use procedure of the present invention is as follows:
1., before using, first normal drill bit boring is used in the place will carrying out gas pre-drainage.
2. guider (2) is connected by drilling rod coupling part (2.1) with drilling rod (1), again drill bit (3) is connected by drill bit coupling part (2.10) with guider (2), and successively circular cement block (2.9), hollow volution (2.8) is arranged on guider track export place.
3. use the drill bit (3) of way-type drilling unit to carry out reaming subsequently, guider (2) can be brought into the precalculated position in female hole by way-type drilling unit while reaming, eliminate reaming and retreat the operations such as the feeding of brill and guider.
4. after arriving precalculated position, high-pressure hose (4) and self-feeding bit (5) are sent into from drilling rod (1), make them successively through drilling rod and guider, when arriving director outlets place, self-feeding bit is broken by circular cement block, carries out creeping into of tree-shaped boring.
5. director outlets direction is controlled by the reading of dial (6), at same plane repeatedly and hole uniformly.Identical boring is carried out in other planes of same female hole, the tree-shaped boring of final formation after completing.
The foregoing is only the schematic detailed description of the invention of the present invention; and be not used to scope surely of the present invention; on the basis of technology disclosed by the invention and scheme; those skilled in the art can according to technology contents disclosed in this patent; do not need performing creative labour just can make some modifications and variations to some technical characteristics wherein, these modifications and variations are all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. underground coal mine waterpower sprays tree-shaped boring way-type drilling unit, comprises drilling rod (1), guider (2), drill bit (3), high-pressure hose (4), self-feeding bit (5) and steering dial (6); It is characterized in that: drilling rod (1), guider (2) are connected successively with drill bit (3), when reaming with the use of; High-pressure hose (4), self-feeding bit (5) and steering dial (6) use when creeping into tree-shaped boring, the chuck that drilling rod is connected with rig front end is provided with steering dial (6), the rotational angle of guider (2) is controlled by steering dial (6), self-feeding bit (5) is connected to high-pressure hose (4) front end, via drilling rod (1) and by guider (2) guiding when creeping into tree-shaped boring, depending nozzle jet produces and gets out tree-shaped hole from entering power;
Described drilling rod (1) diameter is consistent with the diameter that drilling rod is commonly used in coal mine gas extraction, and its external diameter is 73mm, internal diameter 50mm; Before and after drilling rod, screw thread is all according to national standard design, is convenient to connect; Drilling rod inside is smooth through hole, and high-pressure hose can pass through smoothly;
The diameter of described guider (2) is 100-150mm;
Described guider (2) upper end is the female drilling rod connecting portion (2.1) of tool, and, for having externally threaded drill bit connecting portion (2.10), there is the through hole of up/down perforation lower end in two connecting portions;
Have hyperbolicity turning guide rail in described guider (2), its width is 2 times of high-pressure hose front end nozzle width, and scope is between 20-50mm, and turning radius is 75-150mm, belongs to super short radius horizontal well guider;
The Way in of described guide rail is mutually vertical with the centre-line of track of Way out, namely from axially entering, radial direction goes out, whole guide rail comprises axial direct pipeline section (2.2), the first arc section (2.3), inclined tube section (2.4) and the second arc section (2.5) from the inlet to the outlet successively;
Described its length of axial direct pipeline section (2.2) is 30-50mm, and the through hole of drilling rod connecting portion (2.1) is transitioned into this axial direct pipeline section (2.2) by an oblique contraction section;
Circular arc radian a=10 °-30 ° of described first arc section (2.3), diameter 75-150mm;
Described inclined tube section (2.4) is tangent with two arc sections, connects the first arc section (2.3) and the second arc section (2.5);
The circular arc radian b=a+90 ° of described second arc section (2.5), diameter 75-130mm; Be furnished with pore (2.7) in the bottom part of the second arc section (2.5), enable the High-Pressure Water of guider track arrive drill bit (3) by the through hole of pore through coupling part (2.10); The end of the second arc section (2.5) is guide rail exit position, hollow volution (2.8) is installed, when using way-type drilling unit to carry out reaming, circular cement block (2.9) is fixed on hollow volution (2.8), seals guide rail outlet;
The wall of described guide rail is provided with four rolling (2.6), and roller radius size is 4-5mm, protrudes from rail walls and is about 2mm; And at the upper layout roller of the first arc section (2.3), at upper layout three rollers of the second arc section (2.5);
Described drill bit (3) size and coal mine gas extraction common drill bit in the same size, auger shell line is standard thread, is convenient to be connected with guider; Drill bit internal has the runner (3.1) be communicated with guider coupling part (2.10), enable current by carrying out deslagging by drill bit again after guider, drill bit inner flow passage reduces from top to bottom gradually, and be equipped with one section of space increased in interposition, form cavitation structure (3.2), the current being used in deslagging have the effect of auxiliary rock concurrently, promote efficiency of breaking rock; The cinder that boring produces is discharged from drill bit annular space.
2. underground coal mine waterpower according to claim 1 sprays tree-shaped boring way-type drilling unit, it is characterized in that, described self-feeding bit comprises center self-oscillation nozzle (5.2), limit nozzle (5.3), middle part nozzle (5.4) and posterior nozzle (5.5) on bit body and bit body, and bit body has front platform (5.1) and internal cavities (5.7); Described bit body front portion is spherical, spherical front end face is a platform (5.1), Platform center and self-feeding bit axis arrange center self-oscillation nozzle (5.2), platform is evenly arranged around center self-oscillation nozzle (5.2) surrounding the limit nozzle (5.3) with subtended angle α and drift angle β; Be evenly distributed with the middle part nozzle (5.4) in cross-section with deviation angle θ in the middle part of bit body, cross section referred to the middle part axis of nozzle and the plane vertical with drill axis; Bit body rear end is openend, be provided with internal thread (5.6) for connecting high-pressure hose, its sidewall being evenly arranged with bit body axis is the posterior nozzle (5.5) of cone angle Φ, the internal cavities (5.7) of bit body is for leading portion is conical and the columniform combination cavity of back segment, and the tapering of conical section is
The radius R 2 of described platform (5.1) is 2.5mm-4.0mm, the number of limit nozzle (5.3) is 3-6, nozzle diameter is 0.5mm-1.2mm, distribution radius R1 around Platform center is 1.0mm-2.0mm, subtended angle α is between 15 °-30 °, and drift angle β is between 60 °-90 °; Limit nozzle setting is: on the front end face of internal cavities (5.7) conical section, determine to be some limit nozzle starting point apart from drill axis certain distance, to cross limit nozzle starting point and the straight line parallel with drill axis is defined as straight line one, straight line one and the determined plane definition of drill axis are plane one; With straight line one for baseline, first in plane one, deflect certain angle to the direction away from drill axis, this angle initialization is subtended angle α; Now nozzle-axis is defined as straight line two; Again by straight line two with limit nozzle starting point for initial point, with straight line one for axis of rotation, rotate certain cone angle, the nozzle-axis of gained is defined as straight line three, be the actual axis of limit nozzle, now the angle that straight line two and straight line three project on self-feeding bit cross section be set as drift angle β; All limits nozzle is all according to said method evenly arranged, and the angle and direction of deflection is all consistent;
The number at described middle part nozzle (5.4) is 3-6, nozzle diameter be 0.5mm-1.2mm, deviation angle θ between 30 °-45 °, deviation angle θ refers to the middle part axis of nozzle and the angle of radial radius;
The number of described posterior nozzle (5.5) is 6-8, and nozzle diameter is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and axial cone angle Φ is between 10 °-30 °, and axial cone angle Φ refers to the axis of posterior nozzle and the angle of drill axis.
The entire length scope of described drill bit is 14mm-18mm, and external diametrical extent is 10mm-14mm.
3. underground coal mine waterpower according to claim 2 sprays tree-shaped boring way-type drilling unit, it is characterized in that: described self-oscillation nozzle (5.2) is made up of upstream nozzle (5.8), the self-excited oscillation cavity (5.9) and downstream nozzle (5.10) successively; Self-oscillation cavity length L is 2.3 ~ 3.3 times of upstream nozzle diameter d 1, and downstream nozzle diameter d 2 is 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of upstream nozzle diameter d 1; The main body of the self-excited oscillation cavity (5.9) is cylindrical cavity, and its diameter is 18 times of upstream nozzle diameter d 1; The vertical section of cavity is laterally zygomorphic parallelogram, and cavity upstream and downstream nozzle impingement wall is taper surface, and upstream nozzle impact walls is upstream convex, and downstream nozzle impact walls is recessed to downstream.
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| CN112705561A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic jet grouting injection drilling tool for in-situ remediation of contaminated site |
| CN112127797A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Convertible drill bit and drilling tool combination and method for directional drilling of underground coal mine |
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| CN116291438A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-06-23 | 河南理工大学 | Device for preventing and controlling composite coal and rock dynamic disasters by means of transverse and longitudinal cutting of ultrahigh-pressure water jet |
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