CN105089500B - Underground coal mine waterpower sprays tree-shaped drilling way-type drilling unit - Google Patents
Underground coal mine waterpower sprays tree-shaped drilling way-type drilling unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN105089500B CN105089500B CN201510579846.XA CN201510579846A CN105089500B CN 105089500 B CN105089500 B CN 105089500B CN 201510579846 A CN201510579846 A CN 201510579846A CN 105089500 B CN105089500 B CN 105089500B
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Abstract
Tree-shaped drilling way-type drilling unit is sprayed the present invention relates to a kind of underground coal mine waterpower, the device includes drilling rod, guider, drill bit, high-pressure hose, self-feeding bit and the part of dial six.Drilling rod is connected through a screw thread with guider front end, and drill bit is connected through a screw thread with guider tail end；Drilling rod, guider, drill bit are used cooperatively, and reaming can be completed simultaneously and guider sends into two steps；After the completion of reaming, tree-shaped drilling is crept into coal seam using high-pressure hose and self-feeding bit；The uniformity of the distribution of tree-shaped drilling is by dial control.Main function of the present invention is to creep into female hole of the tree-shaped drilling in coal seam and creep into tree-shaped drilling, realizes the uniform anti-reflection of coal seam.The present invention is simple in construction, easy to operate, is adapted to use when creeping into tree-shaped drilling during lower permeability seam gas pumping.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine down-hole drilling technology, and in particular to self-advancing type is bored during lower permeability seam gas pumping
Enter the drilling tool used during tree-shaped drilling.
Background technology
The features such as many coal seams of China have low-permeability, conventional method is difficult to carry out effectively the coal seam of low-permeability
Gas pumping, how to increase gas permeability of coal seam is the key for solving low-air-permeability coal-bed gas extraction problem.
Waterpower technology provides feasible side as a kind of effective anti-reflection technology of reservoir to solve the hypotonic problem in coal seam
Method, is to increase the effective way of coal seam permeability.Waterpower technology is, using water under high pressure as power, to expand initial fissure in reservoir
Big extension artificially forms new hole, the line of rabbet joint, crack etc., promotes rock mass to produce displacement, reaches the mesh of reservoir release anatonosis
, such as water jet slot (or reaming, drilling), hydraulic fracturing.The tree-shaped anti-reflection technology in drilling coal seam of water-jet is used as one kind
Technology that new waterpowerization is anti-reflection, using water under high pressure as power, makes self-feeding bit first advance in the female hole in rock stratum, reaches coal seam
Behind precalculated position, it is oriented to by guider, so that Drilling goes out vertical tree-shaped sub-aperture, to reach the effect for making coal seam anti-reflection.Water
It is efficient, safe gas pre-drainage mode that power, which sprays the tree-shaped anti-reflection technology in drilling coal seam, with shortening drilling total length, Jin Erjie
About drilling cost shortens drilling time；Realize the uniform anti-reflection of low-permeability coal seam；Drilling will not produce spark and coal dust, increase
The security of work, the advantages of improving working environment.
It is separately independent that the drilling tool of tree-shaped drilling is sprayed currently used for underground coal mine waterpower.Due to high-pressure hose to be realized
Steering in guider, female hole must is fulfilled for certain diametric requirements, therefore, and female hole is being drilled using normal drill bit
Afterwards, it is necessary to carry out reaming with reaming bit.Although the existing reaming bit in colliery can get out the hole for meeting and requiring, due to drilling
Individually carried out with the feeding of guider, often spend many times, increase workload, also, female hole under guider
The situation of collapse hole is also likely to be present during putting.
In addition, present guider designs unreasonable to guide rail, one is usual only one of which curvature, and high-pressure hose turns
It is more difficult when curved；Two be not make reasonable design to turning to guide rail width, there is that pilot hole is too small to bore high-pressure hose
Head is blocked, excessive, can not play the problem of physical constraint is acted on.In addition, present guider is to creeping into row during tree-shaped drilling
Slag problem considers not enough, and guider annular space is small, it is impossible to smooth deslagging, so as to influence the smooth advance of drill bit.
Further, the tree-shaped drilling of underground coal mine waterpower injection needs self-feeding bit, and self-feeding bit needs and guider
Coordinate, present drill bit has problems with：1) drill bit or nozzle arrangements are complicated, and size is big, and steering capability is poor, short life；2)
Rock breaking by water jet drilling efficiency is low when drilling over long distances；3) drilled hole size is small, easy drill-pipe-sticking-head, and deslagging is difficult；4) rotate
Flow jet flow drill is low due to rotating jet central energy, and rock breaking efficiency is poor, and boss is easily formed centrally in the borehole, hinders drill bit to push away
Enter；5) it is small that what drill bit was produced enter power certainly, and eyelet track is difficult to control, and easily bores inclined hole.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to set for deficiencies of the prior art there is provided a kind of injection of underground coal mine waterpower
Shape drilling way-type drilling unit, drilling rod, guider, drill bit, high-pressure hose, self-feeding bit and dial are carried out reasonable group by it
Close, and optimize jackrod structure, reduce the resistance that high-pressure hose passes through；Optimize guide structure, enable guider with
Drill bit is used cooperatively；Drill bit structure is optimized, drilling efficiency is improved；Suitable high-pressure hose is have chosen, high-pressure hose is optimized
The structure of front end self-feeding bit；Dial is devised, tree-shaped drilling is uniformly distributed.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
The tree-shaped drilling way-type drilling unit of underground coal mine waterpower injection includes drilling rod, guider, drill bit, high-pressure hose, guiding and carved
Scale and self-feeding bit.
Wherein, drilling rod, guider and drill bit are sequentially connected, and are used cooperatively in reaming.High-pressure hose, self-feeding bit and
Dial is used when creeping into tree-shaped drilling, and steering dial, scale are provided with the chuck that drilling rod is connected with rig front end
Disk one end is fixed on drilling rod and rotated with drilling rod, and the other end is fixed on chuck of rig, and the rotational angle of guider is by carving
Scale is controlled, and self-feeding bit is connected to high-pressure hose front end, is oriented to when creeping into tree-shaped drilling via drilling rod and by guider,
Depending nozzle jet is produced from into power and gets out tree-shaped hole.
The drill pipe diameter size is often consistent with the diameter of drilling rod with coal mine gas extraction, and its external diameter is
73mm, internal diameter 50mm；Screw thread is designed according to national standard before and after drilling rod, is easy to connection；It is smooth through hole inside drilling rod, it is high
Pressure flexible pipe can be passed through.
The diameter of the guider is 100-150mm.Guider upper end is the female drilling rod connecting portion of tool, under
Hold as with externally threaded drill bit connecting portion, two connecting portions have the through hole of up/down perforation.There is hyperbolicity turning in guider
Guide rail, its width is 2 times of high-pressure hose front end nozzle width, and scope is between 20-50mm, and radius of turn is 75-
150mm, belongs to super short radius horizontal well guider.
The import direction of the guide rail and the centre-line of track of Way out are mutually perpendicular to, i.e., enter from axial direction, radially go out,
Whole guide rail includes axial straight length, the first arc section, inclined tube section and the second arc section from import to outlet successively.
Described its length of axial straight length is 30-50mm, and the through hole of drilling rod connecting portion passes through an oblique contraction section transition
To the axial straight length.
A=10 ° -30 ° of the circular arc radian of first arc section, diameter 75-150mm.
The inclined tube section is tangent with two arc sections, the first arc section of connection and the second arc section.
B=a+90 ° of the circular arc radian of second arc section, diameter 75-130mm；It is distributed in the bottom of the second arc section
There is pore, and the High-Pressure Water of guider track is reached drill bit by through hole of the pore through coupling part；Second circular arc
The end of section is guide rail outlet port, is provided with hollow loop coil, when carrying out reaming using way-type drilling unit, circular cement block
It is fixed on hollow loop coil, seals guide rail outlet.
The wall of the guide rail is provided with four rolling, and roller radius size is 4-5mm, protrudes from rail walls about 2mm；
And a roller is arranged on the first arc section, three rollers are arranged on the second arc section.
The drill bit size and coal mine gas extraction common drill bit are in the same size, and auger shell line is standard thread, is easy to
It is connected with guider；Drill bit internal has the runner connected with guider coupling part, enables current by leading to again after guider
Drill bit is crossed, to carry out deslagging, drill bit inner flow passage is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the space of one section of increase is equipped with interposition,
Cavitation structure is formed, the current that can be used in deslagging have the effect of auxiliary rock concurrently, lift efficiency of breaking rock；Drill the coal produced
Slag is discharged from drill bit annular space.
The self-feeding bit is connected to high-pressure hose front end.Self-feeding bit includes the center on bit body and bit body
Self-oscillation nozzle, side nozzle, middle part nozzle and posterior nozzle, bit body have front platform and internal cavities.The drill bit
Body front portion is spherical, and spherical front end face is a platform, is setting center self-oscillation on self-feeding bit axis in Platform center
Nozzle, the side nozzle with subtended angle α and drift angle β is evenly arranged on platform around center self-oscillation nozzle surrounding；Bit body
Middle part be evenly distributed with cross-section have deviation angle θ middle part nozzle, cross section referred to middle part nozzle axis and with
The vertical plane of drill axis；Bit body rear end is openend, is used to connect high-pressure hose provided with internal thread, uniform on its side wall
The posterior nozzle in cone angle Φ with drill bit body axis is disposed with, the internal cavities of bit body are leading portion cone and back segment cylinder
Combination cavity, the taper of conical section is.The center self-oscillation nozzle and side nozzle of this self-feeding bit being capable of break up coal
Rock mass；Middle part nozzle can in self-feeding bit drilling process to the vertical injection high-speed jet of drilling, make self-feeding bit with
The wall of a borehole keeps certain distance, reaches the effect to drill bit righting, it is to avoid bore inclined；Posterior nozzle can advance for self-feeding bit
Certain propulsive thrust is provided, and drives high-pressure hose to pass through drilling rod and guider together when creeping into tree-shaped drilling, and broken is led
To the circular cement block in device exit, tree-shaped drilling drilling is finally carried out.The rotational angle of guider is controlled by dial,
Guider is driven to rotate together when drilling rod is rotated, dial can then show drilling rod rotational angle, so as to obtain turning for guider
Dynamic angle, is that tree-shaped drilling is uniformly distributed offer guarantee.
Using way-type drilling unit of the present invention, drilled, made after pore-forming using normal drill bit in advance to coal seam in low level lane
Reaming is carried out with drilling tool of the present invention, female hole of the tree-shaped drilling of self-advancing type water-jet is formed, high-pressure hose and oneself is recycled
Enter formula drill bit and creep into the tree-shaped drilling in coal seam in coal seam precalculated position, realize the uniform anti-reflection of coal seam.
The invention has the characteristics that：
1st, the way-type drilling unit is closed drilling rod, guider, drill bit, high-pressure hose, self-feeding bit and dial
Reason combination, the tree-shaped female hole drill of drilling can be completed simultaneously enters to bring into guider, i.e., by drill bit reaming, be not required to move back after drilling
Bore and guider is installed, can directly carry out the drilling of the tree-shaped drilling in coal seam, save and individually sent into and produced by moving back brill, guider
The raw time, and mitigate workload.
2nd, drilling rod size and colliery used in way-type drilling unit are often in the same size with drilling rod, so as to facilitate drilling rod to use and processing；
It is smooth through hole inside drilling rod, high-pressure hose can be passed through.
3rd, the drilling rod of way-type drilling unit, guider, the interconnection of drill bit use standard thread, and convenient processing is with using.
Both drilling rod, drill bit can be used separately as reaming bit, and can also adds guider, guided way is provided for tree-shaped drilling drilling
Road.
4th, the resistance that the guider radius of way-type drilling unit is short, high-pressure hose passes through is small.
5th, the drill bit of guider front end connection is cavitation drill bit, the drill bit that the guide rail of guider is connected with front end
Flow passage, after water under high pressure is by runner, the broken rock that can be aided in relatively low water pressure increases drilling efficiency.
6th, self-feeding bit is integrated, and designs relatively easy, bit size is small, and bit life is long, rock breaking efficiency
Good, bore size is big, will not form boss, and drill bit is difficult to bore inclined.Also, the high-pressure fluid that pump is produced enters by high-pressure hose
Self-feeding bit, is classified into four strands of jets, self-feeding bit is had the function of classification broken rock well.
7th, the high-pressure hose of way-type drilling unit is in working condition, the forward thrust and water under high pressure that can be produced by water under high pressure
Tree-shaped drilling is crept into the breaking capacity of coal body.
8th, the adjustment by dial to director outlets direction, can realize being uniformly distributed for tree-shaped drilling, preferably
Improve gas permeability of coal seam.
It can be seen that when way-type drilling unit of the present invention is adapted to creep into tree-shaped drilling during lower permeability seam gas pumping
Use, main function is while reaming forms female hole of tree-shaped drilling, to be directed to device and bring into coal seam precalculated position, and
Tree-shaped drilling is crept into coal seam using high-pressure hose and self-feeding bit, so as to improve gas permeability of coal seam.
Brief description of the drawings
It is the drilling tool schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 1；
It is the jackrod structure schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 2；
It is the guide structure schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 3；
The pore that water supply stream passes through on Fig. 4 guiders；
It is hollow loop coil used in the guider of the present invention and circular cement block shown in Fig. 5；
It is the drill bit structure schematic diagram of the present invention shown in Fig. 6；
It is the drill bit structure end view drawing of the present invention shown in Fig. 7；
It is the left view of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Fig. 8；
It is A-A profiles of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Fig. 9；
It is B-B profiles of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Figure 10；
It is the enlarged drawing of the center self-oscillation nozzle section of self-feeding bit of the present invention shown in Figure 11；
It is the schematic diagram of self-feeding bit side nozzle drift angle of the present invention and subtended angle shown in Figure 12；
It is self-feeding bit of the present invention and the contrast of traditional rock breaking efficiency only with axial subtended angle drill bit shown in Figure 13
Figure；
It is the dial front view of the present invention shown in Figure 14；
It is the dial side cut away view of the present invention shown in Figure 15.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, way-type drilling unit proposed by the present invention includes drilling rod (1), guider (2), drill bit (3), high-pressure hose
(4), self-feeding bit (5) and steering dial (6) etc..Drilling rod (1), guider (2) and drill bit (3) are sequentially connected, in reaming
When use cooperatively.High-pressure hose (4), self-feeding bit (5) and steering dial (6) are used when creeping into tree-shaped drilling.Turn to
Dial one end is fixed on drilling rod and rotated with drilling rod, and the other end is fixed on chuck of rig, the rotational angle of guider (2)
Pass through steering dial control.High-pressure hose (4) front end of the present invention is provided with self-feeding bit (5), and high-pressure hose can be held
By certain high pressure, and with certain pliability.
As shown in Fig. 2 the diameter of drilling rod (1) is often consistent with the diameter of drilling rod with coal mine gas extraction,
Its external diameter is 73mm, internal diameter 50mm.Screw thread is designed according to national standard before and after drilling rod, is easy to inside connection, drilling rod to be smooth
Through hole, high-pressure hose can pass through.The drilling rod is conducive to the accurate device that is directed to be sent to specified location, and drives guider to turn
To.
As shown in figure 3, guider (2) upper end is drilling rod connecting portion (2.1), lower end is drill bit connecting portion (2.10), they
Screw thread be standard thread, size is consistent with the drilling rod and drill bit thread that are connected, has up/down perforation in two connecting portions
Through hole.
The guide rail being oriented to high-pressure hose, the Way in and Way out of guide rail are provided with guider (2)
The centre-line of track be mutually perpendicular to, i.e., from axially entering, radially go out, whole guide rail includes axial straight tube successively from import to outlet
Section (2.2), the first arc section (2.3), inclined tube section (2.4) and the second arc section (2.5), their specific design is：
Axial straight length (2.2) length is 30-50mm, and the through hole lower end of drilling rod connecting portion (2.1) passes through an oblique receipts
Contracting section is transitioned into the axial straight length (2.2).
A=10 ° -30 ° of the circular arc radian of first arc section (2.3), diameter 75-150mm.
Inclined tube section (2.4) and two arc sections are tangent, the first arc section of connection (2.3) and the second arc section (2.5).
B=a+90 ° of the circular arc radian of second arc section (2.5), diameter 75-130mm.It is visible with reference to Fig. 4, in the second circular arc
Pore (2.7) is distributed with section (2.5) bottom, connects, is expanded using way-type drilling unit with the through hole in coupling part (2.10)
Kong Shi, High-Pressure Water can be bored by being reached again by pore (2.7) and the through hole of coupling part (2.10) after guider track
Head, can so make High-Pressure Water when exercising deslagging function, the broken rock that can be aided in relatively low water pressure, increase drilling effect
Rate.Visible with reference to Fig. 5, the end of the second arc section (2.5) is guide rail outlet port, is provided with hollow loop coil (2.8), empty
Heart loop coil is hollow interior hexagonal structure, and installation screw thread is carved with outside annulus.When carrying out reaming using way-type drilling unit, hollow loop coil
(2.8) fixed circle cement block (2.9) on, for sealing guide rail outlet.Therefore, the hollow loop coil of guider and circular water
Clod should be used in reaming, and be installed before reaming.Circular cement block can be directed to device outlet when way-type drilling unit is crept into
Place's sealing, enables the High-Pressure Water of guider track to reach drill bit by the pore on track.Though the intensity of circular cement block
The pressure of water under high pressure used in way-type drilling unit drilling process can be so born, but self-feeding bit can be by circular cement block
Crush and pass through guider.
Meanwhile, four rolling (2.6) is provided with the wall of guide rail, roller radius size is 4-5mm, protrudes from track
Wall about 2mm, a roller is arranged on the first arc section (2.3), three rollers, effect are arranged on the second arc section (2.5)
It is the drill bit correct guidance of additional high pressure flexible pipe, while the resistance that high-pressure hose passes through can be effectively reduced.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, drill bit (3) size and coal mine gas extraction common drill bit of guider front end connection
In the same size, auger shell line is standard thread, is easy to be connected with guider.A part for drill bit entirety guider, Neng Gou
Female hole pore-forming not enough rule and it is easier to be directed to the female hole of device feeding in the case of having obstruction, while can complete by a small margin
Reaming.Drill bit internal has the runner (3.1) connected with drill bit connecting portion (2.10) through hole of guider, enables current by leading
Again by drill bit after to device, to carry out deslagging.Drill bit inner flow passage is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and is equipped with one section of increasing in interposition
Big space, forms cavitation structure (3.2), and the current that can be used in deslagging have the effect of auxiliary rock, lifting broken rock effect concurrently
Rate.Using this drill bit, the flow passage for the drill bit that the guide rail of guider is connected with front end, after water under high pressure is by runner,
The broken rock that can be aided in relatively low water pressure, increases drilling efficiency.
As shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 12, self-feeding bit includes the center self-oscillation nozzle on bit body and bit body
(5.2), side nozzle (5.3), middle part nozzle (5.4) and posterior nozzle (5.5).Self-feeding bit (5) front portion is spherical, and front end is
One platform (5.1), platform (5.1) reduces the overall dimensions of drill bit, is easy to get out self-oscillation nozzle in center on platform
(5.2) and side nozzle (5.3), its radius R2 is 2.5mm -4.0mm.Self-oscillation nozzle (5.2) surrounding is evenly arranged with one
Determine subtended angle α and drift angle β side nozzle (5.3).
As shown in figure 12, the definition to subtended angle α and drift angle β is：Internally away from drill bit on the front end face of cavity conical section
Axis certain distance determines to be some side nozzle starting point c, will cross side nozzle starting point c and the straight line cc ＇ parallel with drill axis oo ＇
Straight line one is defined as, plane oo ＇ d ＇ d are defined as plane one determined by straight line one and drill axis；It is baseline with straight line one, first
Certain angle is deflected to side jet exit direction to the direction away from drill axis in plane one, this angle initialization is subtended angle α,
Nozzle-axis ce is now defined as straight line two；It is rotary shaft with straight line one again by straight line two using side nozzle starting point as origin, rotation
Turn certain cone angle, the nozzle-axis cf of gained is defined as the actual axis of straight line three, as front nozzle, now by straight line two and directly
Projection e c ＇ and f c ＇ of the line three on self-feeding bit cross section angle is set as drift angle β.All side nozzles all press this side
Method is evenly arranged, and the angle and direction of deflection is consistent.The number of side nozzle (5.3) is 3-6, and nozzle diameter is
0.5mm -1.2mm, distribution radius R1 are 1.0mm-2.0mm, and subtended angle α is between 15 ° -30 °, and optimal is 25 °, and drift angle β exists
Between 60 ° -90 °, optimal is 360 °/n (n refers to side nozzle number).Distribution radius R1 refers to side injection stream export center to brill
The distance of head axis.
The middle part nozzle (5.4) in cross-section with certain deviation angle θ is evenly distributed with the middle part of drill bit, such as Figure 10 institutes
Show, cross section referred to the axis and the plane vertical with drill axis of middle part nozzle, deviation angle θ refers to the axis of middle part nozzle
With the angle of radial direction radius.Visible with reference to Figure 10, the number of middle part nozzle (5.4) is 3-6, nozzle diameter be 0.5mm-
1.2mm, deviation angle θ are between 30 ° -45 °.The main function of middle part nozzle is centralizing function, and broken rock repaiies hole and acts on weaker, together
When its jet recoil strength produce torque can tighten drill bit.
Drill bit rear end is openend, and inside is used to connect high-pressure hose provided with internal thread (5.6), and it has been evenly arranged above
It is in certain cone angle Φ posterior nozzle (5.5) with axis, as shown in figure 9, cone angle Φ refers to the axis and drill bit shaft of posterior nozzle
The angle of line；The number of posterior nozzle (5.5) be 6-8, nozzle diameter be 0.5mm-1.5mm, axial cone angle Φ 10 °-
Between 30 °, optimal is 25 °.
Visible with reference to Fig. 9, drill bit internal is that cone angle isCone and cylinder combination cavity (5.7), combine cavity
The cone angle of conical section is between 20 ° -45 °, the cone angleSelection principle be to make the local losses of jet minimum, it is easy to process.
Visible with reference to Figure 11, center self-oscillation nozzle (5.2) is arranged on self-feeding bit axis, is sprayed successively by upstream
Mouth (5.8), the self-excited oscillation cavity (5.9) and downstream nozzle (5.10) composition.Self-oscillation cavity length L is generally upstream nozzle diameter
2.3~3.3 times of d1, downstream nozzle diameter d2 is generally 1.2~1.3 times of upstream nozzle diameter d1.The self-excited oscillation cavity (5.9)
Main body be cylindrical cavity, 18 times of its a diameter of upstream nozzle diameter d1；The vertical section of cavity is symmetrical above and below parallel four
Side shape, cavity upstream and downstream nozzle impingement wall is taper surface, and upstream nozzle impact walls are convex to upstream, and downstream nozzle impact walls are concaved towards
Downstream.
The entire length scope of self-feeding bit is 14mm -18mm, and external diametrical extent is 10mm -14mm.
Water under high pressure can be divided into four strands of jets by the self-feeding bit of the present invention, this drill bit is had the function of classification broken rock：
First, a part of fluid passes through center self-oscillation nozzle, the self-oscillation chamber of depending nozzle, by solid jet
It is changed into pulsing jet, improves the instantaneous hitting power of central jet, the broken hole in the generation center that takes the lead in.It is in its principle：Upstream
Nozzle completes the formation of intracavitary jet beam, and its geometric parameter, machining accuracy etc. will influence the flow behavior and shear layer of jet beam
Position, disturbance size of initially-separate etc..The self-excited oscillation cavity can form feedback path, can be according to different length and diameter to frequency
Rate is selected.When the disturbance spike amplified by shear layer reaches downstream impact walls, collide therewith, due to jet at this
Partial cross sectional area be more than lower exit sectional area, influenceed by speed, a pressure transient can be produced herein.The wink
Change is upstream reflected with the velocity of sound along jet axis, is gone out in upstream nozzle and is produced pressure transient again, and then is generated herein one strong
Big disturbance, the disturbance is downstream transported, and be exaggerated again with shear layer, is collided again when reaching downstream, produces pressure wink
Become.So come and go and repeat, constitute positive feedback closed-loop path, form self-oscillation.Assembled in this process medium fluid energy, so
Discharge by phased manner afterwards, just form the pulsing jet of several times higher than solid jet energy of instantaneous energy.It is specific to produce machine
Reason is shown in the mechanism of production of self-excited oscillation pulsed water jet.
Then, a part of fluid is by the side nozzle with certain subtended angle and drift angle, and the jet of generation has three-dimensional velocity：
Axial velocity, radial velocity and ring speed, make rock not only occur impact failure, and also shear tension is destroyed, and is being bored
During entering, the range between drill bit and rock be by as far as near moving-target away from the broken rock with traditional only drill bit of subtended angle
Effect is compared, and its rock breaking efficiency is as shown in figure 13：Erosion hole produced by drill bit with drift angle and subtended angle can be effectively formed
Central communication hole because the drilling process of self-feeding bit be by as far as near dynamic process, i.e. moving-target away from process, so
The application point of difference drilling moment water jet is change.To the only drill bit with subtended angle, during the track of its jet action point was
The straight line of the heart, and to the drill bit with drift angle and subtended angle, it is helix that it, which acts on the locus of points, so its trajectory is longer, and destruction
Area is bigger, it is easier to the broken hole caused by each jet is formed drilling, so that rock breaking efficiency is good, can be around the broken hole in center
Continue broken rock drilling, form a pilot hole, drill bit is advanced.
Then, there is radial velocity component by jet formed by the middle part nozzle with certain deviation angle in cross-section
(tangential velocity refers to the component velocity of the tangential direction along drill bit circumferential wall with tangential-velocity component.), the radial velocity of jet can be with
Make drill bit hanging all the time, with centralizing function, keep the drilling balance of drill bit and high-voltage tube, drill bit can be prevented to a certain extent
Bore inclined；Tangential velocity can carry out cutting damage to the rock around pilot hole, carry out reaming again to drilling, and correct brill
Hole, makes borehole shape more regular.
Finally, another high-pressure fluid will be incited somebody to action by the jet with posterior nozzle of the drill axis in certain cone angle, generation
Drilling for drill bit and high-voltage tube is provided from thrust, and further reaming.Further, since the quantity of posterior nozzle is relatively more,
Largely jet backward has good deslagging function, and jet backward has identical angle with axis, and angle is smaller, produces
The recoil strength of jet is bigger, but with the reduction of cone angle, jet exit direction increases with import direction deflection angle, local pressure
Loss increase, effluxvelocity reduces, and power is entered certainly so as to reduce, therefore cone angle is general between 10 ° -30 °.
Referring to Figure 14, Figure 15, steering dial (6), guider are installed on the chuck that drilling rod is connected with rig front end
(2) rotational angle passes through steering dial control.Steering dial is after the completion of reaming, to be used when creeping into tree-shaped drilling,
Steering dial one end is fixed on drilling rod and rotated with drilling rod when using, and the other end is fixed on chuck of rig.By turning to
Dial can read the drilling rod anglec of rotation, steering dial can in the range of 360 ° reading, the drilling rod anglec of rotation is guider rotation
Gyration, the rational control anglec of rotation can realize being uniformly distributed for tree-shaped drilling.
The operation principle of way-type drilling unit of the present invention is：Drilled in advance using normal drill bit to coal seam in low level lane, into
Reaming is carried out using drilling tool of the present invention behind hole, female hole of the tree-shaped drilling of self-advancing type water-jet is formed, recycles high pressure soft
Pipe and self-feeding bit creep into tree-shaped drilling in coal seam precalculated position, realize the uniform anti-reflection of coal seam.
The use process of the present invention is as follows：
1. before use, being drilled first in the place of gas pre-drainage to be carried out using normal drill bit.
2. device (2) is directed to be connected by drilling rod coupling part (2.1) with drilling rod (1), then by drill bit (3) and guider
(2) connected by drill bit coupling part (2.10), and circular cement block (2.9), hollow loop coil (2.8) are arranged on guiding successively
At device track export.
3. reaming then is carried out using the drill bit (3) of way-type drilling unit, way-type drilling unit can be directed to device while reaming
(2) precalculated position brought into female hole, eliminates reaming and retreats the processes such as the feeding of brill and guider.
4. reach high-pressure hose (4) and self-feeding bit (5) behind precalculated position the feeding from drilling rod (1), make they according to
Secondary process drilling rod and guider, when reaching at director outlets, self-feeding bit crushes circular cement block, carries out tree-shaped bore
The drilling in hole.
5. director outlets direction is controlled by the reading of dial (6), in same plane repeatedly and uniform drilling.It is complete
Identical drilling is carried out in same other planes of female hole after, tree-shaped drilling is ultimately formed.
Schematical embodiment of the invention is the foregoing is only, and is not used to determine the scope of the present invention, in this hair
On the basis of bright disclosed technology and scheme, those skilled in the art can according to disclosed in this patent technology contents, it is not necessary to
Performing creative labour can just make some modifications and variations to some of which technical characteristic, and these modifications and variations are at this
In the protection domain of invention.
Claims (3)
1. underground coal mine waterpower sprays tree-shaped drilling way-type drilling unit, including drilling rod（1）, guider（2）, drill bit（3）, high-pressure hose
（4）, self-feeding bit（5）And steering dial（6）；It is characterized in that：Drilling rod（1）, guider（2）And drill bit（3）Connect successively
Connect, used cooperatively in reaming；High-pressure hose（4）, self-feeding bit（5）And steering dial（6）When creeping into tree-shaped drilling
Use, steering dial is installed on the chuck that drilling rod is connected with rig front end（6）, guider（2）Rotational angle pass through
Steering dial（6）Control, self-feeding bit（5）It is connected to high-pressure hose（4）Front end, via drilling rod during the tree-shaped drilling of drilling
（1）And pass through guider（2）It is oriented to, depending nozzle jet is produced from into power and gets out tree-shaped hole；
The drilling rod（1）Diameter is often consistent with the diameter of drilling rod with coal mine gas extraction, and its external diameter is 73mm,
Internal diameter 50mm；Screw thread is designed according to national standard before and after drilling rod, is easy to connection；It is smooth through hole inside drilling rod, high pressure is soft
Pipe can be passed through；
The guider（2）Diameter be 100-150mm；
The guider（2）Upper end is the female drilling rod connecting portion of tool（2.1）, lower end is with the connection of externally threaded drill bit
Portion（2.10）, there is the through hole of up/down perforation in two connecting portions；
The guider（2）Inside there is hyperbolicity turning guide rail, its width is 2 times of high-pressure hose front end nozzle width, model
It is trapped among between 20-50mm, radius of turn is 75-150mm, belongs to super short radius horizontal well guider；
The Way in of the guide rail and the centre-line of track of Way out are mutually perpendicular to, i.e., enter from axial direction, radially go out, entirely
Guide rail includes axial straight length successively from the inlet to the outlet（2.2）, the first arc section（2.3）, inclined tube section（2.4）With second
Arc section（2.5）；
The axial straight length（2.2）Its length is 30-50mm, drilling rod connecting portion（2.1）Through hole pass through an oblique contraction
Section is transitioned into the axial straight length（2.2）；
First arc section（2.3）- 30 ° of circular arc radian a=10 °, diameter 75-150mm；
The inclined tube section（2.4）It is tangent with two arc sections, connect the first arc section（2.3）With the second arc section（2.5）；
Second arc section（2.5）Circular arc radian b=a+90 °, diameter 75-130mm；In the second arc section（2.5）Bottom
Pore is distributed with（2.7）, enable the High-Pressure Water of guider track by pore through coupling part（2.10）Through hole reach
Drill bit（3）；Second arc section（2.5）End be guide rail outlet port, hollow loop coil is installed（2.8）, using group
When bench drill tool carries out reaming, circular cement block（2.9）It is fixed on hollow loop coil（2.8）On, seal guide rail outlet；
The wall of the guide rail is provided with four rolling（2.6）, roller radius size is 4-5mm, protrudes from rail walls 2mm；
And in the first arc section（2.3）It is upper to arrange a roller, in the second arc section（2.5）Three rollers of upper arrangement；
The drill bit（3）Size and coal mine gas extraction common drill bit are in the same size, auger shell line be standard thread, be easy to
Guider is connected；Drill bit internal has and guider coupling part（2.10）The runner of connection（3.1）, current is passed through guiding
Deslagging is carried out by drill bit again after device, drill bit inner flow passage is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the sky of one section of increase is equipped with interposition
Between, form cavitation structure（3.2）, the current for being used in deslagging have the effect of auxiliary rock concurrently, lift efficiency of breaking rock；Drilling is produced
Cinder from drill bit annular space discharge.
2. underground coal mine waterpower according to claim 1 sprays tree-shaped drilling way-type drilling unit, it is characterised in that described to enter certainly
Formula drill bit includes the center self-oscillation nozzle on bit body and bit body（5.2）, side nozzle（5.3）, middle part nozzle（5.4）With
Posterior nozzle（5.5）, bit body has front platform（5.1）And internal cavities（5.7）；The bit body front portion is spherical, ball
Shape front end face is a platform（5.1）, it is setting center self-oscillation nozzle on self-feeding bit axis in Platform center（5.2）,
Self-oscillation nozzle in center is surrounded on platform（5.2）Surrounding is evenly arranged the side nozzle with subtended angle α and drift angle β（5.3）；Bore
The middle part nozzle in cross-section with deviation angle θ is evenly distributed with the middle part of head body（5.4）, cross section referred to middle part nozzle
Axis and the plane vertical with drill axis；Bit body rear end is openend, provided with internal thread（5.6）It is soft for connecting high pressure
The posterior nozzle in cone angle Φ with drill bit body axis is evenly arranged on pipe, its side wall（5.5）, the internal cavities of bit body
（5.7）For leading portion cone and the combination cavity of back segment cylinder, the taper of conical section is φ；
The platform（5.1）Radius R2 be 2.5mm -4.0mm, side nozzle（5.3）Number be 3-6, nozzle diameter is
0.5mm -1.2mm, the distribution radius R1 around Platform center is 1.0mm-2.0mm, and subtended angle α is between 15 ° -30 °, drift angle β
Between 60 ° -90 °；Side nozzle setting is：Internally cavity（5.7）Away from the spacing of drill axis one on the front end face of conical section
From determining to be some side nozzle starting point, side nozzle starting point will be crossed and the straight line parallel with drill axis is defined as straight line one, straight line
One and drill axis determined by plane definition be plane one；It is baseline with straight line one, first to away from drill bit shaft in plane one
The direction deflection certain angle of line, this angle initialization is subtended angle α；Nozzle-axis is now defined as straight line two；Again by straight line two
It is rotary shaft with straight line one using side nozzle starting point as origin, rotates certain cone angle, the nozzle-axis of gained is defined as straight line three,
The as actual axis of side nozzle, the angle for now projecting straight line two and straight line three on self-feeding bit cross section is set as
Drift angle β；All side nozzles are all according to said method evenly arranged, and the angle and direction of deflection is consistent；
The middle part nozzle（5.4）Number be 3-6, nozzle diameter be 0.5mm-1.2mm, deviation angle θ is at 30 °-45 °
Between, deviation angle θ refers to the angle of the axis and radial direction radius of middle part nozzle；
The posterior nozzle（5.5）Number be 6-8, nozzle diameter be 0.5mm-1.5mm, axial cone angle Φ 10 °-
Between 30 °, axial cone angle Φ refers to the axis of posterior nozzle and the angle of drill axis；
The entire length scope of the drill bit is 14mm -18mm, and external diametrical extent is 10mm -14mm.
3. underground coal mine waterpower according to claim 2 sprays tree-shaped drilling way-type drilling unit, it is characterised in that：The self-excitation
Vibrating nozzles（5.2）Successively by upstream nozzle（5.8）, the self-excited oscillation cavity（5.9）And downstream nozzle（5.10）Composition；Self-oscillation
Cavity length L is 2.3-3.3 times of upstream nozzle diameter d1, and downstream nozzle diameter d2 is 1.2-the 1.3 of upstream nozzle diameter d1
Times；The self-excited oscillation cavity（5.9）Main body be cylindrical cavity, 18 times of its a diameter of upstream nozzle diameter d1；The vertical section of cavity
For parallelogram symmetrical above and below, cavity upstream and downstream nozzle impingement wall is taper surface, and upstream nozzle impact walls are convex to upstream,
Downstream nozzle impact walls concave towards downstream.
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| CN105525900B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-08-22 | 重庆大学 | The coal mine underground coal bed tree-shaped uniform anti-reflection equipment of drilling composite fracturing |
| CN106761404B (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2018-12-04 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Radially horizontal well hose assists feeder |
| CN107514235A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-26 | 沧州格锐特钻头有限公司 | A kind of PDC drill bit of spiral vibrating nozzles and its composition |
| CN110552617B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2022-10-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Radial drilling completion method and system for deep well |
| CN108952795A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of high pressure oriented perforating anti-reflection method and equipment |
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| CN112127797B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-06-24 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Convertible drill bit and drilling tool combination and method for directional drilling of underground coal mine |
| CN113266281B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2023-08-22 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Directional rotary drilling tool and use method thereof |
| CN116291438B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-09-29 | 河南理工大学 | Device for preventing and controlling composite coal and rock dynamic disasters by means of transverse and longitudinal cutting of ultrahigh-pressure water jet |
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| CN205100877U (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-03-23 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | Colliery combination of arborescent drilling of hydraulic jet in pit drilling tool |
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| CN101429848B (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2013-07-10 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and apparatus for hydraulic jet side drilling for radial branching borehole |
| CN201391230Y (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-01-27 | 荣刚 | Combined type countable guider |
| CN202300202U (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-07-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Self-guide water-pressure switching slit type reaming drill bit |
| CN202227987U (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-05-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Automatic switching water jet slotting combined type drill bit |
| CN203081296U (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-07-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Hydraulic jetting multi-nozzle radial drilling device |
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