CN105088000A - High-strength and high-conductivity rare earth copper alloy for contact lines and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-conductivity rare earth copper alloy for contact lines and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-strength and high-conductivity rare earth copper alloy for contact lines and a preparation method thereof. The rare earth copper alloy is composed of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper, rare earth elements and inevitable impurity elements, wherein during preparation, a Cu-Zr intermediate alloy and a Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are prepared at first, and then the Cu-Zr intermediate alloy and the Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are smelted and subjected to mould casting with copper, zinc, silver and titanium to form a cast ingot, the cast ingot is subjected to hot extrusion to obtain a bar billet, the bar billet is subjected to solution treatment, the treated alloy is subjected to drawing deformation, and then subjected to aging treatment to prepare the high-strength and high-conductivity rare earth copper alloy. The conductivity, elongation, strength and softening temperature of the alloy disclosed by the invention can be greatly improved; the machining performances of the alloy are remarkably improved; the manufacturability of the alloy can be changed, thus benefiting refining, degassing and microalloying; and the requirements of a material for the industrial field of contact lines on the performances of copper alloys can be met well. The alloy disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, short in process flow, high in strength, good in conductivity and excellent in hot-working property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cu alloy material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Electrification railway contact net is the important component part of electric railway, it is formed primarily of parts such as osculatory, current carrying catenary, not current carrying catenary and droppers (line), wherein electric energy is transferred to locomotive from traction substation by directly contacting with electric locomotive pantograph sliding plate by osculatory, is the key member ensureing electric railway normal operation.The railway osculatory alloy of current exploitation has Cu-Ag, Cu-Mg, Cu-Sn and Cu-Cr-Zr alloy, wherein Cu-Cr-Zr alloy has high strength, high conductivity, high wear resistance and high softening temperature as railway osculatory alloy, is thought current optimal osculatory alloy both at home and abroad.Publication number is that the Chinese invention patent of CN101386925A discloses a kind of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy preparation technology for contact wire, the alloy prepared by this technique, and its tensile strength is large, be not less than 590MPa, but its electric conductivity is not high, is only 77%IACS.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy and preparation method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the basic conception of the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is chromium 0.2-0.8%, zirconium 0.1-0.5%, zinc 0.1-0.4%, titanium 0.1-0.5%, silver 0.1-0.4%, rare earth element 0.02-0.1%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Preferably, described rare earth element is one or both in cerium, iridium.
Preferably, described rare earth element adds fashionable with the form of two kinds of mixing, and the ratio of the weight of iridium and cerium is 0.5-1.
A preparation method for high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, comprises the following steps:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1050-1100 DEG C, melting 0.5-1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1030-1070 DEG C, melting 0.5-1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, zinc, silver, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, control smelting temperature is 1200-1300 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1150-1200 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 850-950 DEG C, insulation 1-3 hour, is then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 5-10:1, obtains excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: excellent base step 3 obtained loads in heat treatment furnace, at 850-900 DEG C of insulation 1-2 hour, then carry out shrend, obtain alloy for subsequent use;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy obtained after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, aging temp is 450-550 DEG C, insulation 2-10 hour, and carry out drawing deformation afterwards, deflection is 20-80%, i.e. obtained high-strength highly-conductive rare-earth copper alloy.
Preferably, the method for described step 6 ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 450-500 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%; Then at aging temp 450-550 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour, then carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%.
Preferably, the method for described step 6 ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 460 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40%; At aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour afterwards, carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-60%; Then at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, then carry out third time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%.
Beneficial effect
(1) the present invention adds the rare earth element of silver, zinc, titanium and trace on the basis of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy, and wherein, adding silver can significantly put forward heavy alloyed electric conductivity, also can carry heavy alloyed unit elongation simultaneously; Add zinc and can improve alloy strength, significantly can improve the machining property of alloy simultaneously; Add titanium and can fully carry heavy alloyed unit elongation, put forward heavy alloyed anti-softening temperature; Add the manufacturability that rare earth element can not only change alloy, be beneficial to refining, degasification and microalloying, heavy alloyed tensile strength, hardness, electric conductivity, softening temperature, unit elongation etc. can also be carried.Because add the electroconductibility that zinc and titanium amount too much can affect alloy, so the add-on of zinc and titanium is respectively 0.1-0.4% and 0.1-0.5%.
(2) in preparation process, adopts repeatedly the working method of ageing treatment and repeatedly drawing deformation, the nucleation site of precipitated phase can be improved, and precipitated phase is separated out more, then the intensity of alloy and electric conductivity higher.
(3) the present invention is by limiting composition and the ratio thereof of alloy, makes each composition comprehensive action, significantly improves the over-all properties of alloy material, can meet osculatory industrial circle material preferably to the requirement of copper alloy performance.Copper alloy of the present invention has the features such as preparation process is simple, technical process is short, high strength & high electric-conduction, hot workability are excellent, and its tensile strength can reach 673MPa.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is chromium 0.2-0.8%, zirconium 0.1-0.5%, zinc 0.1-0.4%, titanium 0.1-0.5%, silver-colored 0.1-0.4%, rare earth element 0.02-0.1%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Preferably, described rare earth element is one or both in cerium, iridium.
Preferably, described rare earth element adds fashionable with the form of two kinds of mixing, and the ratio of the weight of iridium and cerium is 0.5-1.
A kind of preparation method of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy comprises the following steps:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1050-1100 DEG C, melting 0.5-1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1030-1070 DEG C, melting 0.5-1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, zinc, silver, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, control smelting temperature is 1200-1300 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1150-1200 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 850-950 DEG C, insulation 1-3 hour, is then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 5-10:1, obtains excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: excellent base step 3 obtained loads in heat treatment furnace, at 850-900 DEG C of insulation 1-2 hour, then carry out shrend, obtain alloy for subsequent use;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy obtained after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, aging temp is 450-550 DEG C, insulation 2-10 hour, and carry out drawing deformation afterwards, deflection is 20-80%, i.e. obtained high-strength highly-conductive rare-earth copper alloy.
Preferably, the method for described step 6 ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 450-500 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%; Then at aging temp 450-550 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour, then carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%.
Preferably, the method for described step 6 ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 460 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40%; At aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour afterwards, carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-60%; Then at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, then carry out third time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is chromium 0.2%, zirconium 0.2%, silver 0.1%, zinc 0.2%, titanium 0.3%, cerium 0.02%, iridium 0.02%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1050 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1030 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1200 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1150 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 850 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 8:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,850 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 40%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, first at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 50%, then at aging temp 450 DEG C, 2 hours are incubated, carry out second time drawing deformation again, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is the chromium of 0.3%, the zirconium of 0.2%, the silver of 0.15%, the zinc of 0.2%, the titanium of 0.2%, the cerium of 0.05%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1050 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1035 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1210 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1155 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 860 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 8:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,860 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 40%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, first at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 50%, then at aging temp 450 DEG C, 2 hours are incubated, carry out second time drawing deformation again, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is the chromium of 0.3%, the zirconium of 0.3%, the silver of 0.1%, the zinc of 0.3%, the titanium of 0.2%, the iridium of 0.05%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1060 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1040 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1220 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1160 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 870 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 9:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,860 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 50%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, first at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40%, then at aging temp 450 DEG C, 2 hours are incubated, carry out second time drawing deformation again, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is the chromium of 0.4%, the zirconium of 0.3%, the silver of 0.15%, the zinc of 0.2%, the titanium of 0.2%, the cerium of 0.03%, the iridium of 0.03%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1070 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1050 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1260 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1170 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 890 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 9:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,870 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 60%;
The method of step 6, described ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 460 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40%; Afterwards aging temp 450 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1210 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1155 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 860 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 8:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,860 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 40%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, first at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 50%, then at aging temp 450 DEG C, 2 hours are incubated, carry out second time drawing deformation again, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is the chromium of 0.3%, the zirconium of 0.3%, the silver of 0.1%, the zinc of 0.3%, the titanium of 0.2%, the iridium of 0.05%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1060 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1040 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1220 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1160 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 870 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 9:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,860 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 50%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, first at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40%, then at aging temp 450 DEG C, 2 hours are incubated, carry out second time drawing deformation again, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is the chromium of 0.4%, the zirconium of 0.3%, the silver of 0.15%, the zinc of 0.2%, the titanium of 0.2%, the cerium of 0.03%, the iridium of 0.03%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1070 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1050 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1260 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1170 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 890 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 9:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,870 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 60%;
The method of step 6, described ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 460 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40%; Afterwards at aging temp 4509:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,890 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 60%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, first at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%, then at aging temp 450 DEG C, 2 hours are incubated, carry out second time drawing deformation again, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Embodiment 9
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is the chromium of 0.7%, the zirconium of 0.4%, the silver of 0.3%, the zinc of 0.3%, the titanium of 0.3%, the cerium of 0.04%, the iridium of 0.02%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1090 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1090 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1295 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1195 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 950 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 10:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,900 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 60%;
The method of step 6, described ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 460 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 50%; At aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours afterwards, carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%; Then at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, then carry out third time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Embodiment 10
A kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is the chromium of 0.8%, the zirconium of 0.5%, the silver of 0.3%, the zinc of 0.3%, the titanium of 0.3%, the cerium of 0.05%, the iridium of 0.05%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
Concrete preparation method is:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1100 DEG C, melting 1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1070 DEG C, melting 1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, silver, zinc, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, controlling smelting temperature is 1300 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1200 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 950 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, be then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 10:1, obtain excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: load in heat treatment furnace by the excellent base of step 3,900 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, then carry out shrend;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 60%;
The method of step 6, described ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 460 DEG C, be incubated 3 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%; At aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours afterwards, carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%; Then at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, then carry out third time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%.
Alloy property is in table 1.
Claims (6)
1. a high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy, it is characterized in that: described rare-earth copper alloy is made up of chromium, zirconium, zinc, titanium, silver, copper and rare earth element and inevitable impurity element, the weight percent that each component accounts for rare-earth copper alloy total amount is chromium 0.2-0.8%, zirconium 0.1-0.5%, zinc 0.1-0.4%, titanium 0.1-0.5%, silver-colored 0.1-0.4%, rare earth element 0.02-0.1%, surplus is copper and inevitable impurity element.
2. a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rare earth element is one or both in cerium, iridium.
3. a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described rare earth element adds fashionable with the form of two kinds of mixing, and the ratio of the weight of iridium and cerium is 0.5-1.
4. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy according to the arbitrary claim of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, prepare master alloy: copper, zirconium are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1050-1100 DEG C, melting 0.5-1h, Cu-Zr master alloy is obtained after naturally cooling, for subsequent use; Copper, rare earth are put into vacuum non-consumable electrode arc melting stove and carried out melting, and being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, and being then filled with pressure in argon gas to stove is 0.05MPa, be heated to 1030-1070 DEG C, melting 0.5-1h, obtains Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy after naturally cooling, for subsequent use;
Step 2, melting, mold: Cu-Zr master alloy obtained to copper, zinc, silver, titanium and step one, Cu-rare earth intermediate alloy are put into high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace and carried out melting, being evacuated to pressure in stove is 0.05Pa, then being filled with pressure in nitrogen to stove is 0.05MPa, control smelting temperature is 1200-1300 DEG C, mold is injected after melting, form ingot casting, described placing temperature controls at 1150-1200 DEG C;
Step 3, hot extrusion: ingot casting step 2 obtained is heated to 850-950 DEG C, insulation 1-3 hour, is then hot extruded into bar, extrusion ratio 5-10:1, obtains excellent base;
Step 4, solution treatment: excellent base step 3 obtained loads in heat treatment furnace, at 850-900 DEG C of insulation 1-2 hour, then carry out shrend, obtain alloy for subsequent use;
Step 5, drawing deformation: the alloy obtained after step 4 solution treatment is carried out drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%;
Step 6, ageing treatment and drawing deformation: the alloy after step 5 drawing deformation is carried out ageing treatment, aging temp is 450-550 DEG C, insulation 2-10 hour, and carry out drawing deformation afterwards, deflection is 20-80%, i.e. obtained high-strength highly-conductive rare-earth copper alloy.
5. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy according to claims 4, it is characterized in that, the method of described step 6 ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 450-500 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%; Then at aging temp 450-550 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour, then carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-80%.
6. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength highly-conductive osculatory rare-earth copper alloy according to claims 4, it is characterized in that, the method of described step 6 ageing treatment and drawing deformation is: first at aging temp 460 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, carry out first time drawing deformation, deflection is 40%; At aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2-4 hour afterwards, carry out second time drawing deformation, deflection is 40-60%; Then at aging temp 450 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours, then carry out third time drawing deformation, deflection is 60%.
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