CN105086097A - Crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer composition and solar cell encapsulation material containing same - Google Patents

Crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer composition and solar cell encapsulation material containing same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105086097A
CN105086097A CN201410198590.3A CN201410198590A CN105086097A CN 105086097 A CN105086097 A CN 105086097A CN 201410198590 A CN201410198590 A CN 201410198590A CN 105086097 A CN105086097 A CN 105086097A
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acid
solar cell
vinyl acetate
composition
weight
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徐友勇
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

The invention discloses a crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer composition, which comprises the following components: (a) at least one ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer; (b) 0.01 to 5 wt% of at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid, and (c) 0.5 to 5 wt% of at least one crosslinking agent, and the total weight percentage of all components is 100 wt%. The invention also discloses an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer membrane/sheet formed by the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer composition; and a solar cell pack pre-encapsulation material prepared from the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer composition.

Description

The composition of crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate and comprise the solar cell package material of said composition
Technical field
The disclosure relates to the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate being used as packaged material in solar module.
Background technology
Photovoltaic module is the important sources of renewable energy source.Especially, they comprise the solar cell discharging electronics when exposed to sunlight.The semiconductor material that solar cell is normally frangible, so generally packaged or be encapsulated in and make them avoid in physical impact and the polymeric material that scrapes.Packed solar cell is general further by glass, or protect by another skin of other physical hazard weather-proof, wear-resistant or resistance to.
When solar module runs with large electromotive force between its solar cell and another part of assembly, the problem of potential induction attenuation (" PID ") often can be there is.This causes solar cell to reduce or stops the generation of electric power.PID occurs when ion migration between semiconductor material and other element (such as glass and frame) of assembly in driven unit of the voltage potential of assembly and leakage current.Condition needed for the generation of PID relates to (i) environmental factors, (ii) system factor, (iii) assembly factor and (iv) battery factor.In this rank of assembly, the selection of glass, encapsulation and diffusion barrier barrier layer have demonstrated all has impact to PID.Such as, people suppose that the water of diffusion and ion can cause disadvantageous electrochemical reaction, and the p-n junction of solar cell was lost efficacy.For this, in the international application published WO2013/020128 of the people such as Aitken, they claim by will not containing or be substantially free of alkalimetal ion, such as sodium ion, the standard calcium soda glass replaced in photovoltaic module of glass can reduce or eliminate PID.People also built view EVA packaged material can play an important role to PID.Especially, at " the LaboratoryStudyofPotentialInducedDegradationofSiliconPho tovoltaicModules " of the people such as Schuetze, Q-CellsSE, Sonnenallee17-21, in 06766Bitterfel-Wolfen, they propose coexisting of the acetic acid that comprises in EVA and moisture may be the reason that the metal ion at the glass interface place causing being called as " glass corrosion " dissolves, and they think PID with via the interface between glass and EVA and the transmittance process via the interface between EVA and battery surface relevant.
As mentioned above, obviously larger demand is existed for the polymer packaging material that can prevent or reduce the PID of photovoltaic module.
Any laminating technology well known in the prior art can in order to prepare lamination part of solar cell or assembly from the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell.Laminating technology can be autoclave or non-autoclave process.In addition, laminating technology needs to carry out under suitable conditions, and the encapsulated layer (it is from crosslinkable EVA film or sheet) based on EVA is crosslinked in laminating technology.The selection of these suitable processing condition is within the ability of any those skilled in the art.
In a kind of suitable technique, the component layer of the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell forms pre-laminated assembly with desirable sequence stack.Then described assembly is put into the sack (vacuum bag) that can maintain vacuum, by valve tube or miscellaneous equipment, air is extracted out from sack, by pouch seal, maintain vacuum (such as the about 27-28 inch of mercury (689-711 mmhg)) simultaneously, then by the pressure that sealing bag clings at about 11.3-18.8, put into autoclave about 5-50 minute or about 5-40 minute or about 5-20 minute at the temperature of about 130-180 DEG C or about 135-160 DEG C or about 145-155 DEG C.Vacuum available ring replaces vacuum bag.The suitable vacuum bag of one class at United States Patent (USP) 3,311, open in 517.Heating and press roll secondary after, to cool air in autoclave under additional gas to maintain the pressure of autoclave not adding.After cooling about 20 minutes, discharge excessive air pressure and laminate is shifted out from autoclave.
Or, described pre-laminated assembly can be heated about 20-40 minute in an oven at about 80-120 DEG C or about 90-100 DEG C, then the assembly of heating be passed through one group of roll, to make can be extruded at the void space of each interlayer, and the edge of seal assembly.Precompressed product is called as at the assembly in this stage.Then described precompressed product can be placed in temperature and rise to about 130-180 DEG C or about 120-160 DEG C or about 135-160 DEG C or about 145-155 DEG C, pressure is in the air autoclave of about 6.9-20.7 bar or about 13.8 bar.These conditions are maintained about 5-50 minute or about 5-40 minute or about 5-20 minute, then, by air cooling, no longer in autoclave, add air simultaneously.About 20-40 minute after cooling, discharge excess gas pressure, shifts out laminate product from autoclave.
Also by lamination part of solar cell or assembly described in non-autoclave manufacture technics.These non-autoclave process are at such as United States Patent (USP) 3,234,062,3,852,136,4,341,576,4,385,951,4,398,979,5,536,347,5,853,516,6,342,116 and 5,415,909, open in US20040182493, EP1235683B1, WO9101880 and WO03057478.Usually, described non-autoclave process comprises the pre-laminated assembly of heating and applies both vacuum, applying pressure or applying.Such as, can by assembly successively by baking oven and the roll of heating.Such as, if use vacuum lamination, under then lamination can be set in the temperature of about 130-180 DEG C or about 135-160 DEG C or about 145-155 DEG C, under the pressure that about 0.2-2 clings to or about 0.5-1.5 clings to, and continue about 5-50 minute or about 5-40 minute or about 5-20 minute.
But this should not think determinate.If satisfied temperature, pressure and the condition of time length, can use any laminating technology substantially.
Summary of the invention
A kind of composition of crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate is provided at this, described composition comprises: at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid of (a) at least one ethylene/vinyl acetate, (b) 0.01-5 % by weight and at least one linking agent of (c) 0.05-5 % by weight, % by weight of all components comprised in wherein said composition adds up to 100 % by weight.
In an embodiment of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from α, β-ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid, or described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from the α with 3-24 carbon atom, β-ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid.Or described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from: vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, toxilic acid, β-crotonic acid, 2-ethylacrylic acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 4-pentenoic acid, 2-propylacrylate, 2-octylenic acid, 3-vinyl benzoic acid, 4-vinyl benzoic acid, Shiyixisuan Undecylenic Acid, erucic acid, brassidic acid, Zoomeric acid (palmitoleinicacid), oleic acid, Selacholeic acid, linolenic acid, ricinolic acid, 4-oxo-4-phenyl-2-butylene acid, the acid of 2-bromopropylene, 2-brooethyl-vinylformic acid, Sorbic Acid, methylene-succinic acid, citraconic acid, fumaric acid, methylfumaric acid, methylfumaric acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, muconic acid, propynoic acid, tetrolic acid, valerylene acid, 2-hexynoic acid, 2-octynic acid, phenyl propiolic acid, acetylenedicarboxylic acid, 2-acetylamino-acrylic acid and maleic acid mono amide, and the combination of two or more wherein, or described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from: vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, toxilic acid, and the combination of two or more wherein.
In another embodiment of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, described at least one linking agent is selected from superoxide, or described at least one linking agent is selected from organo-peroxide, or described at least one linking agent is selected from tert-butyl hydroperoxide 2-ethylhexyl carbonate, methylethyl ketone peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-2，5-dimethyl-2，5-di(t-butyl peroxy)2，5-hexane, 1,1-bis(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 1,1-bis-(t-butylperoxy) hexanaphthene, 2,2 '-bis(t-butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene, 4,4 '-bis(t-butylperoxy) butyl valerate, 3,3-bis(t-butylperoxy) ethyl butyrate, t-butylcumylperoxide, two [(t-butylperoxy) sec.-propyl] benzene, tert-butyl peroxide, 6,6,9,9-tetramethyl--3-methyl-3-normal-butyl-1,2,4,5-tetra-oxygen basic ring nonane, 6,6,9,9-tetramethyl--3-methyl-3-ethylcarbonyl group methyl isophthalic acid, 2,4,5-tetra-oxygen basic ring nonane, 3,3-bis-(t-butylperoxy)-ethyl butyrate, dibenzoyl peroxide, peroxidation 2,4 dichloro benzene formyl, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis--(t-butylperoxy)-3-hexin, and the combination of two or more wherein.
In another embodiment of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, the content of described at least one ethylene/vinyl acetate is 85-99.5 % by weight or the 90-99 % by weight or 95-98.5 % by weight of the gross weight of described composition.
In another embodiment of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, the content of described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is 0.02-3 % by weight or the 0.05-2 % by weight of the gross weight of described composition.
In another embodiment of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, the content of described at least one linking agent is 0.1-3 % by weight or the 0.2-2 % by weight of the gross weight of described composition.
In another embodiment of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, described composition also comprises one or more additional additives, or described composition also comprises one or more and is selected from following additional additives: crosslinking coagent, softening agent, processing aid, flow enhuancement additive, lubricant, pigment, dyestuff, fire retardant, anti-impact modifier, nucleator, anti blocking agent, ultra-violet stabilizer, UV light absorber, antioxidant, thermo-stabilizer, dispersion agent, tensio-active agent, sequestrant, coupling agent, tackiness agent, priming paint, reinforced additive, filler, and the combination of two or more wherein.
Film or the sheet of the crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate formed by the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate provided above are also provided at this.
In the film of described crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate or an embodiment of sheet, described film or sheet are used as the encapsulated layer of solar cell.
Also provide solar cell pre-laminated assembly at this, it comprises: (i) comprises solar cell part and have the solar cell layer of front side and dorsal part, described solar cell part is made up of one or more solar cell and the front encapsulated layer of front side of the contiguous described solar cell layer in (ii) position, and wherein said front encapsulated layer is formed by the film of the crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 9 or sheet.
In an embodiment of the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell, described assembly also comprises the contiguous described front encapsulated layer in position and the header board relative with described solar cell layer.
In another embodiment of the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell, described assembly also comprises back of the body encapsulated layer and backboard, the dorsal part of the contiguous solar cell part in described back of the body encapsulated layer position, the contiguous described back of the body encapsulated layer of described tergal position and relative with solar cell layer.
This also provide a kind of by lamination more than the pre-laminated assembly of solar cell that provides and the solar module formed.
In an embodiment of described solar module, be through crosslinked in order to form film or the sheet of the crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate of front encapsulated layer.
According to the disclosure, when providing scope by two specific endpoints, this scope should be understood and comprise any numerical value in these two specific endpoints and to be at or about in these two end points any value of any one.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A-1D is electroluminescent (EL) image on front side of the aging front assembly prepared in CE1 and E1-E3 of PID.
Fig. 1 E-1H be PID aging after EL image on front side of the assembly prepared in CE1 and E1-E3.
Fig. 2 A-2E is the EL image on front side of the aging front assembly prepared in CE2 and E4-E7 of PID.
Fig. 2 F-2J be PID aging after EL image on front side of the assembly prepared in CE2 and E4-E7.
Fig. 3 A-3C is the EL image on front side of the aging front assembly prepared in CE3 and E8-E9 of PID.
Fig. 3 D-3F be PID aging after EL image on front side of the assembly prepared in CE3 and E8-E9.
Fig. 4 A-4E is the EL image on front side of the aging front assembly prepared in CE4 and E12-E15 of PID.
Fig. 4 F-4J be PID aging after EL image on front side of the assembly prepared in CE4 and E12-E15.
Fig. 5 A-5B is the EL image on front side of the aging front assembly prepared in CE5-CE6 of PID.
Fig. 5 C-5D be PID aging after EL image on front side of the assembly prepared in CE5-CE6.
Embodiment
A kind of composition of crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) multipolymer is disclosed at this, wherein said composition comprises (a) at least one Ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) multipolymer, at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid of (b) about 0.01-5 % by weight and at least one linking agent of (c) about 0.05-5 % by weight, and % by weight of all components comprised in wherein said composition adds up to 100 % by weight.
EVA multipolymer is from the copolymerization of ethene and vinyl-acetic ester as used herein.Described EVA multipolymer comprises ethylene copolymer unit and based on the about 15-35 % by weight of the gross weight of described EVA multipolymer or the vinyl acetate copolymerization unit of about 25-33 % by weight.
The also commercially available acquisition of suitable EVA multipolymer.Such as, purchased from American E.I.Du Pont De Nemours and Co. (E.I.duPontdeNemoursandCompany, Inc) (hereinafter referred to as " Du Pont ") can be used at this eVA resin, Evatane purchased from French Arkema (Arkerma, Inc) tMthe Escorene of EVA multipolymer, purchased from American ExxonMobil Chemical (ExxonmobilChemical) tMeVA resin, purchased from Japanese DuPont-MitsuiPolychemicalsCo.Ltd. company eVA resin or the Ateva purchased from Canadian Celanese Corp. (Celanese) tMeVA resin.
According to the disclosure, the content of described at least one EVA multipolymer can be about 85-99.5 % by weight or the about 90-99 % by weight or about 95-98.5 % by weight of the gross weight of described crosslinkable EVA composition.
Unsaturated carboxylic acid is preferably selected from α as used herein, β-ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid, or is more preferably selected from the α with 3-24 carbon atom, β-ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid.Or, unsaturated carboxylic acid can be selected from as used herein: vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, toxilic acid, β-crotonic acid, 2-ethylacrylic acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 4-pentenoic acid, 2-propylacrylate, 2-octylenic acid, 3-vinyl benzoic acid, 4-vinyl benzoic acid, Shiyixisuan Undecylenic Acid, erucic acid, brassidic acid, Zoomeric acid, oleic acid, Selacholeic acid, linolenic acid, ricinolic acid, 4-oxo-4-phenyl-2-butylene acid, the acid of 2-bromopropylene, 2-brooethyl-vinylformic acid, Sorbic Acid, methylene-succinic acid, citraconic acid, fumaric acid, methylfumaric acid, methylfumaric acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, glutinous furancarboxylic acid, propynoic acid, tetrolic acid, valerylene acid, 2-hexynoic acid, 2-octynic acid, phenyl propiolic acid, acetylenedicarboxylic acid, 2-acetylamino-acrylic acid and maleic acid mono amide.
According to the disclosure, the content of described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid can be about 0.01-5 % by weight or the about 0.02-3 % by weight or about 0.05-2 % by weight of the gross weight of described crosslinkable EVA composition.
Linking agent can be any suitable superoxide as used herein.Term " superoxide " refers to and comprises one or more superoxide, i.e. the organic compound of O--O key.Suitable superoxide is disclosed in aldrich fine chemicals catalogue (AldrichCatalogueofFineChemicals).Heated oxide compound causes it to produce free radical, the component reaction of free radical and described composition and form covalent cross-linked thing (covalentcross-link) in the mixture.By regulating amount and the kind of the organo-peroxide be present in described composition, the relative rate that free radical produced, captured (abstraction) and cross-linking step can be controlled.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide 2-ethylhexyl carbonate is included but not limited at the example of this suitable peroxide cross-linking agent be suitable for, methylethyl ketone peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-2，5-dimethyl-2，5-di(t-butyl peroxy)2，5-hexane, 1,1-bis(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 1,1-bis-(t-butylperoxy) hexanaphthene, 2,2 '-bis(t-butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene, 4,4 '-bis(t-butylperoxy) butyl valerate, 3,3-bis(t-butylperoxy) ethyl butyrate, t-butylcumylperoxide, two [(t-butylperoxy)-sec.-propyl] benzene, tert-butyl peroxide, 6,6,9,9-tetramethyl--3-methyl-3-normal-butyl-1,2,4,5-tetra-oxygen basic ring nonane, 6,6,9,9-tetramethyl--3-methyl-3-ethylcarbonyl group methyl isophthalic acid, 2,4,5-tetra-oxygen basic ring nonane, 3,3-bis-(t-butylperoxy)-ethyl butyrate, dibenzoyl peroxide, peroxidation 2,4 dichloro benzene formyl, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis-(t-butylperoxy)-3-hexin, and the combination of two or more wherein.
Linking agent also commercially available acquisition as used herein.Suitable crosslinking agents examples can comprise with trade(brand)name Perkadox tMpurchased from the linking agent of Dutch Akzo Nobel N.V. (AkzoNobelCorporate), or with trade(brand)name Luperox tMpurchased from the linking agent of Arkema.
Based on the gross weight of the composition of described crosslinkable EVA multipolymer, the content of described at least one linking agent can be about 0.05-5 % by weight or about 0.2-3 % by weight or about 0.2-2 % by weight.
The composition of crosslinkable EVA multipolymer disclosed herein also can comprise one or more other additives.These other additives can include but not limited to crosslinking coagent, softening agent, processing aid, flow enhuancement additive, lubricant, pigment, dyestuff, fire retardant, anti-impact modifier, nucleator, anti blocking agent (such as silica), ultra-violet stabilizer, UV light absorber, antioxidant, thermo-stabilizer, dispersion agent, tensio-active agent, sequestrant, coupling agent, tackiness agent, priming paint, reinforced additive (such as glass fibre), other filler etc.Usually, the total amount (if exist) of these other additives can be less than about 5 % by weight based on the gross weight of described crosslinkable EVA composition, is less than about 3 % by weight, is less than about 2 % by weight, is less than about 1 % by weight or be less than about 0.5 % by weight.
The composition of crosslinkable EVA multipolymer disclosed herein can by any suitable method, such as melt-mixing and obtaining.Such as, the composition of described crosslinkable EVA multipolymer is prepared by high-shear melt-mixing.Suitable high shear mixing equipment comprises static mixer, rubber mill, Brabender mixing machine (Brabendermixer), Buss kneader (Busskneader), single screw extrusion machine, twin screw extruder, band heating or the double roll mill etc. not with heating.Other example of suitable blending technology and condition is also shown in theKirk-OthmerEncyclopedia and theModernPlasticsEncyclopedia, McGraw-Hill (NewYork, 1995).Composition in order to ensure described EVA multipolymer is not crosslinked in mixing or blending technology, technological temperature need be remained on lower than about 120 DEG C, such as the temperature of about 100 DEG C.
Also disclosed herein the crosslinkable EVA film or sheet that are formed by the composition of above-disclosed crosslinkable EVA multipolymer.Any suitable technique can be used to prepare described crosslinkable EVA film or sheet at this.Information about these techniques is found in bibliography, such as theKirkOthmerEncyclopedia, theModernPlasticsEncyclopedia or theWileyEncyclopediaofPackagingTechnology, the second edition, A.L.Brody and K.S.Marsh, Eds., Wiley-Interscience (Hoboken, 1997).Term " film " and " sheet " refer to it is smooth, continuous print goods substantially as used herein.Term " continuous print " refer in this situation have at least about 3 meters, at least about 10 meters, at least about 50 meters, at least about 100 meters, or at least about the film of the length of 250 meters or sheet.In addition, sheet also has long-width ratio, and namely the ratio of length and width is at least about 5, at least about 10, at least about 25, at least about 50, at least about 75 or at least about 100.
Difference between film and sheet is thickness.But, industrial standards is not had for the precise thickness of difference film and sheet.But as used herein, the thickness of film is about 250 μm or less or about 12-250 μm or about 25-130 μm.The thickness of sheet can be greater than about 250 μm or be greater than about 380 μm or be greater than about 510 μm.Equal in this description for film and sheet, unless separately restricted in particular case.But, for convenience's sake, the one of these terms only can be used in given situation.
Therefore, in theKirk-OthmerEncyclopedia, theWileyEncyclopedia and theModernPlasticsEncyclopedia, describe the appropriate process for the formation of sheet.Such as, sheet can by following formation: dip-coating, solution-cast, compression molding, injection moulding, lamination, melt extrusion, blown film, extrusion coated, other suitable step extrusion coated or any of connecting.Preferably, the technique that sheet is coated with by melt extrusion, melt coextrusion, melt extrusion coating or series connection melt extrusion is formed.Again, be not crosslinked in film-making or film-forming process in order to ensure described EVA film or sheet, technological temperature needs to remain on lower than about 120 DEG C, the such as temperature of about 100 DEG C.
In addition, crosslinkable EVA sheet disclosed herein or film can have smooth or coarse surface on one or both sides.Preferably, described film or sheet all have on both sides coarse surface with promote degassed in laminating technology.By common process, such as machine printed can manufacture uneven surface.Such as, the sheet just extruded or film are close to the surface of the special preparation of the mould roller of die outlet by position.Desirable surface property is given in this mould roller side to melt polymer.Therefore, when the surface of this weavy grain roller (texturedroll) has Wei Feng and micro-paddy, the still printable polymer sheet cast on weavy grain roller can have uneven surface on the side contacted with roller.This uneven surface meets the Gu Hefeng on roller surface usually respectively.Weavy grain roller is described in such as United States Patent (USP) 4,035,549 and U.S. Patent Application Publication 2003/0124296.
Also disclosed herein the pre-laminated assembly of solar cell.The solar cell part that the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell comprises the crosslinkable EVA film of at least one deck or sheet and is made up of one or more solar cells.
Solar cell refers to that comprising can be any goods of electric energy by phototransformation.In the pre-laminated assembly of solar cell, preferably, solar cell is electrical interconnection.The example of various forms of solar cell comprises such as, the solar cell etc. of monocrystaline silicon solar cell, polysilicon solar cell, microcrystalline silicon solar cell, solar cell based on amorphous silicon, copper indium diselenide solar cell, compound semiconductor solar cell, dye sensitization.The most common type of solar cell comprises polysilicon solar cell, thin-film solar cells, compound semiconductor solar cell and the solar cell based on amorphous silicon.
Described thin-film solar cells is generally passed through at base material, and glass or flexible membrane such as, deposit several thin film layer to manufacture, and these layers are patterned to form multiple monocell, their electrical connections is exported to produce suitable voltage.Depend on the operation of the plane SH wave of enforcement, base material can as the back surface of solar module or front window.Thin-film solar cells at United States Patent (USP) 5,512,107,5,948,176,5,994,163,6,040,521,6,137,048 and 6,258, open in 620.
The solar cell part that the pre-laminated assembly of solar cell comprises generally has front side (or light-receiving side) and dorsal part, and the surface of position on front side of when wherein using is to the sun.Therefore, the front side of the sun faced by all component in the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell has and dorsal part.
The pre-laminated assembly of solar cell disclosed herein comprises the crosslinkable EVA sheet of at least one deck or film, the contiguous solar cell part in its position, and as one of encapsulated layer, or preferably, the front side of the contiguous solar cell part in position of described crosslinkable EVA sheet or film, and as front encapsulated layer.
The pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell also can comprise the encapsulated layer formed by other following polymeric material: such as acid copolymer, ionomer, poly-(Ethylene/vinyl acetate), poly-(vinyl acetal) (comprising poly-(vinyl acetal) of sound level), urethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene (such as linear low density polyethylene), polyoJefin block elastomers, poly-(alpha-olefin-copolymerization-α, β-ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester) (such as poly-(ethylene co-acrylic acid methyl esters) and poly-(ethylene co-acrylic acid butyl ester)), silicone elastomer, epoxy resin, and the combination of two or more wherein.Preferably, the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell comprises two-layer crosslinkable EVA sheet or film, every side lamination of the every one deck in wherein two-layer and the both sides of solar cell part, and as front encapsulated layer or back of the body encapsulated layer.
Thickness is different from each encapsulated layer of described crosslinkable EVA sheet or film can independently about 25-3000 μm or about 26-1000 μm or about 25-500 μm scope.All encapsulated layers that the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell comprises can have smooth or coarse surface.Preferably, described encapsulated layer has coarse surface to promote degassed by laminate during laminating technology.
The pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell also can comprise header board and/or backboard, and it is respectively as the skin of assembly at light-receiving side and dorsal part.
The skin of the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell, namely header board and backboard can from any suitable sheet or films.Suitable sheet can be sheet glass or plastic sheet, such as polycarbonate, acrylic resin, polyacrylic ester, cyclic polyolefin (such as ethene/norbornene polymer), polystyrene (polystyrene of preferred metallocene catalysed), two or more combination of polymeric amide, polyester, fluoropolymer or more.In addition, tinsel such as aluminium foil, steel foil, zinc-plated steel foil or ceramic plate can be used for forming back sheet.
Term " glass " not only comprises window glass, sheet glass, silicate glass, sheet glass, low iron glass, toughened glass, not containing the toughened glass of CeO and float glass, but also comprises tinted shade, special glass (such as containing the special glass of composition controlling solar heating), coated glass (such as coated glass that the use metal (such as silver or indium tin oxide) of solar control object sputters), E-glass, Toroglass, Solex tMglass (U.S. PPGIndustries) and Starphire tMglass (PPGIndustries).These special glasss are at such as United States Patent (USP) 4,615,989,5,173,212,5,264,286,6,150,028,6,340,646,6,461,736 and 6,468, open in 934.The type of glass selected for specific components depends on desired use.
Suitable rete can include but not limited to following polymkeric substance: polyester (such as poly-(ethylene glycol terephthalate) and poly-((ethylene naphthalate)), polycarbonate, polyolefine (such as polypropylene, polyethylene and cyclic polyolefin), norbornene polymer, polystyrene (such as syndiotactic polystyrene), copolymer in cinnamic acrylic ester, acrylonitritrile-styrene resin, polysulfones (such as polyethersulfone, polysulfones etc.), polymeric amide, urethane, acrylic resin, rhodia class (such as rhodia, cellulose triacetate etc.), glassine paper, poly-(vinylchlorid) (such as polyvinylidene dichloride), fluoropolymer (such as fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), tetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer etc.), and the combination of two or more wherein.Polymeric membrane can be that the polyester film (preferably poly-(ethylene glycol terephthalate) film) of diaxial orientation or fluoropolymer membrane are (such as from Du Pont with film).Also preferred fluoropolymer-polyester-fluoropolymer (such as " TPT ") film in some applications.Metallic membrane, such as aluminium foil also can be used as back sheet.
The pre-laminated assembly of solar cell disclosed herein also can comprise and embeds other functional film layer in described assembly or lamella (such as dielectric film or blocking layer).Described functional layer can from any one of above-mentioned polymeric membrane or the functional layer with the coating of additional function coating material.Such as, with poly-(ethylene glycol terephthalate) film that metal oxide coated thing is coated with, such as at United States Patent (USP) 6,521,825 and United States Patent (USP) 6,818,819 and European patent EP 1182710 disclosed in functional layer can play a part oxygen and moisture barrier in laminate.
As hope, the layer that also can comprise non-woven glass film (Si Kelinbu) in the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell is to promote degassed in laminating technology or as the reinforcement to encapsulated layer.In lamination part of solar cell, use this Si Kelin layer of cloth open in such as United States Patent (USP) 5,583,057,6,075,202,6,204,443,6,320,115 and 6,323,416 and European patent EP 0769818.
The film or the sheet that are positioned at the light-receiving side of solar cell part are preferably made up of transparent material, are effectively transmitted into solar cell part to allow sunlight.Special film or sheet can be comprised to play encapsulated layer and outer field two kinds of functions.It is also be envisioned that any rete that assembly comprises or lamella can be the film of preformed single or multiple lift or the form of sheet.
As hope, can carry out processing to improve bond strength as above to one or two surface of the laminate layers of the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell.
In an embodiment of the pre-laminated assembly of solar cell disclosed herein, described assembly comprise (a) solar cell part, (b) formed by crosslinkable EVA sheet disclosed herein or film and before the light-receiving side of the contiguous solar components in position encapsulated layer and (c) formed by glass and position contiguous before the header board of encapsulated layer.Preferably, the glass as header board is not low soda glass or glass with lower alkali content, the glass such as described in International Patent Application Publication WO2013/020128.
Also disclosed herein the lamination part of solar cell or assembly prepared by the pre-laminated assembly of above-disclosed solar cell.Particularly, by being provided by pre-laminated for solar cell assembly the further laminating technology of detailed description to form lamination part of solar cell as follows.During laminating technology, the crosslinkable EVA film that the pre-laminated assembly of described solar cell comprises or sheet are crosslinked.That is, in lamination part of solar cell disclosed herein or assembly, at least one deck is depressed into the side of solar cell part through crosslinked EVA sheet or rete.EVA sheet through being cross-linked or film are from described crosslinkable EVA sheet or film.More specifically, the EVA sheet that described warp is cross-linked or film are formed by through the crosslinked matrix of EVA multipolymer and the described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid of 0.01-5 % by weight, described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid be dispensed into the EVA multipolymer through being cross-linked matrix and with its combination.
As described in the introduction, the conventional packaged material based on EVA has been the origin cause of formation of the PID in solar module by hint.But, as by following examples confirm, when the crosslinked EVA sheet of warp disclosed herein or film are used as packaged material, PID reduces a lot.Do not wish to be subject to theory, believe that packaged material disclosed herein such as, to water molecules and ion, alkali metal cation, especially sodium cation has low-permeability.Therefore, the surface of anti-sealing and the ion arrival solar cell that PID can be caused to occur.Following data also confirm that the EVA sheet that warp disclosed herein is cross-linked or film (it carrys out the composition of the EVA multipolymer of self-contained carboxylic acid) demonstrate higher volume specific resistance (or the insulativity improved) than the EVA sheet be cross-linked from those warps not containing the EVA copolymer compositions of carboxylic acid or film.This is desirable character for the packaged material in described solar module.
Embodiment
Material:
. eVA-R-1 (EVA resin-1): with trade(brand)name the ethylene/vinyl acetate resin of PV1650Z available from DuPont;
. eVA-R-2 (EVA resin-2): with trade(brand)name the ethylene/vinyl acetate resin of PV1300 available from DuPont;
. eVA-R-3 (EVA resin-3): with trade(brand)name the ethylene/vinyl acetate resin of PV1300Z available from DuPont;
. x-linker (linking agent): with trade(brand)name Luperox tMtBEC is purchased from the t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate (TBEC) of Arkema;
. x-linker-CA (crosslinking coagent): purchased from the isocyanic acid triallyl (TAIC) of BASF Aktiengesellschaft (BASF);
. uVS (ultra-violet stabilizer): purchased from the Tinuvin of BASF AG tM770 photostabilizers;
. uVA (UV light absorber): purchased from the Chimassorb of BASF AG tM81;
. oS (organosilane): with the 3-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane of class name KBM-503 purchased from Japanese Shin-Etsu Chemial Co., Ltd (Shin-EtsuChemical);
. mAA (methacrylic acid): purchased from Chinese Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group;
. aA (vinylformic acid): purchased from Chinese Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group;
. mALA (toxilic acid): purchased from American Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich);
. mAH (maleic anhydride): purchased from Sigma-Aldrich;
. sA (stearic acid): purchased from Sigma-Aldrich;
. glass: purchased from the low iron glass of patterning ultrawhite of 3.2 millimeters of Chinese Follett, Mary Parker photovoltaic glass Group Co., Ltd;
. eVA-S (EVA sheet): purchased from the Revax of 0.45 mm thick of Chinese Wenzhou Ruiyang Photovoltaic Material Co., Ltd. tMethylene/vinyl acetate sheet;
. solar cell: purchased from 5 inches of monocrystaline silicon solar cells of Chinese Jing'ao Solar Energy Co., Ltd.;
. bS (backboard): purchased from the TPE backboard of Taiwan rainbow Science and Technology Ltd..
comparative example CE1 and embodiment E 1-E3
CE1 and E1-E3 each in, prepare crosslinkable EVA sheet first according to the following steps: by all the components mixing listed under " EVA composition " in table 1, and to suppress at 50 DEG C to 1 cm thick with double roll mill; Be finally the sheet (20 × 20 centimetres) of 0.4 mm thick by the sheet hot pressing (at 100 DEG C) of this 1 cm thick to be formed.The pre-laminated assembly of sun power is prepared: glass/crosslinkable EVA sheet (0.4 mm thick)/solar cell/EVA-S/BS by following structure.This pieces is entered aluminium frame, and by carrying out vacuum lamination 3 minutes at 145 DEG C to the components adding frame, then carry out compacting (100kPa) in 10 minutes and obtain the solar components of lamination.
At room temperature electric current is set to 8.5A, and electroluminescent (EL) image open-assembly time being set to 4 seconds and obtaining on front side of assembly.This EL image is shown in Figure 1A-1D.Spi-SunSimulator3500SLP (being manufactured by U.S. SpireCorporation) is used to measure the maximum power output (Pmax) of just obtained assembly, and under charging to " assembly property " of table 1.Then, by the glass surface of aluminium foil covering assemblies, and it is aging assembly to be carried out PID.First assembly is placed the longer time period by PID aging meaning under high temperature, high humidity and negative bias, makes it possible to the potential induction attenuation degree measuring assembly.In CE1 and E1-E3,60 DEG C, carry out PID aging 96 hours under 85RH (85% relative humidity) and-1000V bias voltage.Between aging time, by the aluminium frame ground connection of assembly.EL image on front side of assembly after PID is aging is shown in Fig. 1 E-1H.Again measure the Pmax of the aging rear assembly of PID, and count table 1.
As shown in Figure 1A and 1E, when the EVA composition (CE1) through being cross-linked not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid is used in front encapsulated layer, very dark on front side of the assembly after PID is aging.This result shows generating portion battery failures.But, as shown in Figure 1B and 1F or 1C and 1G or 1D and 1H, when the EVA composition (E1-E3) through being cross-linked containing MAA is used in front encapsulated layer, do not observe on front side of assembly dimmed after PID is aging.This result shows that PID is lowered.
In addition, as shown in table 1, when the EVA composition (CE1) through being cross-linked not containing MAA is used in front encapsulated layer, the Pmax of the assembly after PID is aging suffers the loss of 32.5%.But, when the EVA composition (E1-E3) through being cross-linked containing MAA is used in front encapsulated layer, after PID is aging, do not detect more Pmax loss.
In addition, by CE1 and E1-E3 each in the crosslinkable sheet (0.4 mm thick) that uses be placed between two ethylene fluoride/propylene (FEP) sheets, and in above-mentioned identical lamination laminated.After laminating technology, these two FEP sheets are peeled off, and under room temperature (RT) and 50RH, regulates 40 hours through crosslinked EVA sheet by what obtain thus, and using Keithyley6517A electrometer at room temperature, 50RH, 500V, under 60 seconds, measuring the volume specific resistance (VR) of the EVA sheet that the warp through regulating is cross-linked.The result charged under " the EVA piece performance " of table 1 confirms the VR that improve the EVA sheet through being cross-linked by adding MAA in EVA composition.
Table 1
comparative example CE2 and embodiment E 4-E7
CE2 and E4-E7 each in, prepare crosslinkable EVA sheet (substituting EVA-R-1 except using EVA-R-3) with the above-mentioned resemble process with comparative example CE1 and embodiment E 1-E3; The pre-laminated assembly of assembly is prepared: glass/crosslinkable EVA sheet/solar cell/EVA-S/BS by following structure; And prepare solar module by carrying out vacuum pressing to the components adding frame.
Carry out PID aging before and aging after assembly on front side of EL imaging, and be shown in Fig. 2 A-2E and 2F-2J, measure they PID is aging before with aging after Pmax and under charging to " assembly property " of table 2.PID aging condition is 85 DEG C as used herein, 85RH and-1000V bias voltage continues 96 hours.
Again, as shown in Fig. 2 A and 2F, when the EVA composition (CE2) through being cross-linked not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid is used in front encapsulated layer, dimmed on front side of the assembly after PID is aging, show generating portion battery failures.But, as shown in Fig. 2 B and 2G or 2C and 2H or 2D and 2I or 2E and 2J, when the EVA composition (E4-E7) through being cross-linked containing MAA is used in front encapsulated layer, do not observe dimmed after PID is aging on front side of assembly, it shows that PID is lowered.
In addition, as shown in table 2, when the EVA composition (CE2) through being cross-linked not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid is used in front encapsulated layer, the Pmax of the assembly after PID is aging suffers the loss of-7.5%.But, when the EVA composition be cross-linked by the warp containing MAA is as front encapsulated layer, more Pmax loss after PID is aging, do not detected.
Table 2
comparative example CE3 and embodiment E 8-E11
CE3 and E8-E11 each in, prepare crosslinkable EVA sheet with above-mentioned resemble process, prepare the pre-laminated assembly of assembly by following structure: glass/crosslinkable EVA sheet/solar cell/EVA-S/B; And vacuum pressing is carried out to prepare solar module to the components adding frame.
Carry out PID aging before and aging after assembly on front side of EL imaging, be shown in Fig. 3 A-3C and 3D-3F, and measure they PID is aging before with aging after Pmax, and under charging to " assembly property " of table 3.PID aging condition used herein is 85 DEG C, 85RH and-1000V bias voltage continues 96 hours.
Again, as shown in figures 3 a and 3d, when the composition (CE3) using the warp not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid to be cross-linked is as front encapsulated layer, very dark on front side of the assembly after PID is aging, it shows generating portion battery failures.But as shown in Fig. 3 B and 3E or 3C and 3F, when using the composition (E8-E9) through being cross-linked containing MAA as front encapsulated layer, do not observe on front side of assembly dimmed after PID is aging, it shows that PID is lowered.
In addition, as shown in table 3, when the composition (CE3) using the warp not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid to be cross-linked is as front encapsulated layer, the Pmax of the assembly after PID is aging suffers the loss of-99.6%.But, when using the composition (E8-E9) through being cross-linked containing MAA as front encapsulated layer, more Pmax loss after PID is aging, do not detected.
Similarly, the interpolation of MAA improves the volume specific resistance through crosslinked EVA sheet.
Table 3
N/d: undetermined.
comparative example CE4 and embodiment E 12-E15
CE4 and E12-E15 each in, prepare crosslinkable EVA sheet with above-mentioned resemble process; The pre-laminated assembly of assembly is prepared: glass/crosslinkable EVA sheet/solar cell/EVA-S/BS by following structure; And prepare solar module by carrying out vacuum pressing to the components adding frame.
Carry out PID aging before and aging after assembly on front side of EL imaging, and be shown in Fig. 4 A-4E and 4F-FJ, measure they PID is aging before with aging after Pmax, and under charging to " assembly property " of table 4.PID aging condition used herein is 85 DEG C, 85RH and-1000V bias voltage continues 96 hours.
Again, as shown in Fig. 4 A and 4F, when the EVA composition (CE4) through being cross-linked not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid is used in front encapsulated layer, very dark on front side of the assembly after PID is aging, show generating portion battery failures.But as shown in Fig. 4 B and 4G or 4C and 4H, when the EVA composition (E12-E13) through being cross-linked containing AA is used in front encapsulated layer, do not observe on front side of assembly dimmed after PID is aging, it shows that PID is lowered.In addition, as shown in Fig. 4 D and 4I or 4E and 4J, when the EVA composition (E14-15) through being cross-linked containing MALA is used in front encapsulated layer, do not observe on front side of assembly dimmed after PID is aging, it shows that PID is lowered.
In addition, as shown in table 4, when the EVA composition (CE4) through being cross-linked not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid is used in front encapsulated layer, the Pmax of the aging rear assembly of PID suffers complete loss.But, when by when being used in front encapsulated layer containing AA (E12-E13) or the EVA composition through being cross-linked containing MALA (E14-15), more Pmax loss after PID is aging, do not detected.
Table 4
comparative example CE5-CE8
CE5-CE8 each in, prepare crosslinkable EVA sheet with above-mentioned resemble process; Following structure is used to prepare the pre-laminated assembly of assembly: glass/crosslinkable EVA sheet/solar cell/EVA-S/BS; Then solar module is prepared by carrying out vacuum pressing to the assembly composition adding frame.
Before PID is aging and aging after carry out on front side of assembly EL imaging (only in CE5-CE6), and be shown in Fig. 5 A-5B and 5C-5D.Measure PID aging before and aging after the Pmax of assembly (CE5-CE8), and under counting " assembly property " of table 5.
As seen in figs. 5 a and 5 c, when the EVA composition (CE5) through being cross-linked not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid is used in front encapsulated layer, very dark on front side of the assembly after PID is aging, it shows generating portion battery failures.Similarly, as figs. 5 b and 5 d show, when the EVA composition (CE6) through being cross-linked containing maleic anhydride (MAH) is used in front encapsulated layer, also dimmed on front side of the assembly after PID is aging, it shows not prevent part battery failures.
In addition, as shown in table 5, when the EVA composition (CE5) through being cross-linked not containing unsaturated carboxylic acid is used in front encapsulated layer, the Pmax of the assembly after PID is aging suffers complete loss.Similarly, when the EVA composition through being cross-linked containing maleic anhydride (MAH) (CE6) or stearic acid (CE7-CE8) is used in front encapsulated layer, more Pmax loss after PID is aging, also detected.
Table 5

Claims (15)

1. a composition for crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, it comprises:
(a) at least one ethylene/vinyl acetate,
At least one unsaturated carboxylic acid of (b) 0.01-5 % by weight and
At least one linking agent of (c) 0.05-5 % by weight,
% by weight of all components comprised in wherein said composition adds up to 100 % by weight.
2. the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 1, wherein said at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from α, β-ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid, or described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from the α with 3-24 carbon atom, β-ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid.
3. the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 2, wherein said at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from: vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, toxilic acid, β-crotonic acid, 2-ethylacrylic acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 4-pentenoic acid, 2-propylacrylate, 2-octylenic acid, 3-vinyl benzoic acid, 4-vinyl benzoic acid, Shiyixisuan Undecylenic Acid, erucic acid, brassidic acid, Zoomeric acid, oleic acid, Selacholeic acid, linolenic acid, ricinolic acid, 4-oxo-4-phenyl-2-butylene acid, the acid of 2-bromopropylene, 2-brooethyl-vinylformic acid, Sorbic Acid, methylene-succinic acid, citraconic acid, fumaric acid, methylfumaric acid, methylfumaric acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, glutinous furancarboxylic acid, propynoic acid, tetrolic acid, valerylene acid, 2-hexynoic acid, 2-octynic acid, phenyl propiolic acid, acetylenedicarboxylic acid, 2-acetylamino-acrylic acid and maleic acid mono amide, and the combination of two or more wherein, or described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, toxilic acid, and the combination of two or more wherein.
4. the composition of the ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 1, wherein said at least one linking agent is selected from superoxide, or described at least one linking agent is selected from organo-peroxide, or described at least one linking agent is selected from t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, methylethyl ketone peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-2，5-dimethyl-2，5-di(t-butyl peroxy)2，5-hexane, 1,1-bis(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 1,1-bis-(t-butylperoxy) hexanaphthene, 2,2 '-bis(t-butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene, 4,4 '-bis(t-butylperoxy) butyl valerate, 3,3-bis(t-butylperoxy) ethyl butyrate, t-butylcumylperoxide, two [(t-butylperoxy)-sec.-propyl] benzene, tert-butyl peroxide, 6,6,9,9-tetramethyl--3-methyl-3-normal-butyl-1,2,4,5-tetra-oxygen basic ring nonane, 6,6,9,9-tetramethyl--3-methyl-3-ethylcarbonyl group methyl isophthalic acid, 2,4,5-tetra-oxygen basic ring nonane, 3,3-bis-(t-butylperoxy)-ethyl butyrate, dibenzoyl peroxide, peroxidation 2,4 dichloro benzene formyl, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis--(t-butylperoxy)-3-hexin, and the combination of two or more wherein.
5. the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 1, wherein, based on the gross weight of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, the content of described at least one ethylene/vinyl acetate is 85-99.5 % by weight or 90-99 % by weight or 95-98.5 % by weight.
6. the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 1, wherein, based on the gross weight of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, the content of described at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid is the content existence of 0.02-3 % by weight or 0.05-2 % by weight.
7. the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 1, wherein, based on the gross weight of the composition of described crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate, the content of described at least one linking agent is 0.1-3 % by weight or 0.2-2 % by weight.
8. the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 1, wherein said composition also comprises one or more additional additives, or described composition also comprises one or more and is selected from following additional additives: crosslinking coagent, softening agent, processing aid, flow enhuancement additive, lubricant, pigment, dyestuff, fire retardant, anti-impact modifier, nucleator, anti blocking agent, ultra-violet stabilizer, UV light absorber, antioxidant, thermo-stabilizer, dispersion agent, tensio-active agent, sequestrant, coupling agent, tackiness agent, priming paint, reinforced additive, filler, and the combination of two or more wherein.
9. the film of crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate that formed of the composition of the crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate any one of claim 1-8 or sheet.
10. the film of the crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 9 or sheet, it is used as solar cell encapsulant layers.
11. 1 kinds of pre-laminated assemblies of solar cell, it comprises: (i) comprises solar cell part and have the solar cell layer of front side and dorsal part, described solar cell part is made up of one or more solar cell and the front encapsulated layer of front side of the contiguous described solar cell layer in (ii) position, and wherein said front encapsulated layer is formed by the film of the crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate of claim 9 or sheet.
The pre-laminated assembly of solar cell of 12. claims 11, it also comprises the contiguous described front encapsulated layer in position and the header board relative with described solar cell layer.
The pre-laminated assembly of solar cell of 13. claims 12, it also comprises back of the body encapsulated layer and backboard, the dorsal part of the contiguous described solar cell part in described back of the body encapsulated layer position, the contiguous described back of the body encapsulated layer of described tergal position and relative with described solar cell layer.
14. pass through the solar module pre-laminated for the solar cell any one of claim 11-13 component lamination formed.
The solar module of 15. claims 14, wherein in order to form the film of the crosslinkable Ethylene/vinyl acetate of front encapsulated layer or sheet is through crosslinked.
CN201410198590.3A 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 Crosslinkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer composition and solar cell encapsulation material containing same Pending CN105086097A (en)

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CN102762652A (en) * 2010-02-18 2012-10-31 株式会社普利司通 Sealing film for photovoltaic modules and photovoltaic modules using same
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Application publication date: 20151125