Background technology
Chinese yam all has cultivation in national most area, it is a typical healthcare crop planting vegetables medicine dual-purpose, average containing crude protein 14.48%, crude fat 3.78%, starch 43.79%, full sugar 1.14%, ash content 5.51%, potassium 2.62%, phosphorus pentoxide 0.72%, iron 53.75mg/kg, zinc 19.22mg/kg, copper 10.85mg/kg, magnesium 0.14%, calcium 0.12%, manganese 5.38mg/kg in Chinese yam fresh goods, and various vitamin, particularly free arginine content is up to 1.15%.Simultaneously, containing many secondary metabolites in Chinese yam, as hormonal precursors such as allantoin, sapogenin, choline, dopamines, Chinese yam is easy to change into the various hormone that needed by human body is wanted in vivo, become the material base that Chinese yam has special medical health care, making Chinese yam have tonifying spleen stomach invigorating, tonify the lung to relieve cough, nourishing and strengthening vital, prolong life in appearance, anticancer, prevent and treat the effects such as diabetes, clinically planting disease for preventing and treating more than 200.
Chinese yam was gathered in the crops about annual November, tradition adopts cellar to store or dewater and makes dry Chinese yam, but the storage of current each Chinese yam producing region Chinese yam, there is serious rotten problem in preservation process, the Chinese yam of some Chinese yam producing regions results in storage rotting rate up to more than 90%; And mouthfeel is poor after adopting conventional dehydration processing method to make dry product, without the delicate flavour of Chinese yam; In addition, the mucus that Chinese yam is oozed out is the important component of nutritive yam composition and health care, and after dry product is made in dehydration, active ingredient has greater loss.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the application provides the preservation method of a kind of Chinese yam, and adopt described preservation method can extend the freshness date to 9 month of Chinese yam, nutrient component damages is few, and can keep the mouthfeel of fresh Chinese yam.
For solving above technical problem, technical scheme provided by the invention is the preservation method of a kind of Chinese yam, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment: after being cleaned by Chinese yam, cut afterbody, expose clean section, adopts blower fan to be dried up by the moisture on described Chinese yam surface;
(2) except coring: get step (1) described moisture dry up after Chinese yam, the coring on described Chinese yam surface is removed;
(3) disinfect: the ethanol immersion that the Chinese yam after step (2) removing coring is placed in 75% was taken out after 10-20 seconds, dries up the surface moisture of described Chinese yam with blower fan;
(4) Preservation Treatment: the Chinese yam after step (3) being disinfected is placed in fresh-keeping liquid immersion and takes out after 50-70 seconds, dries up the surface moisture of described Chinese yam with blower fan; Described fresh-keeping liquid is the starch solution containing dehydro sodium acetate;
(5) pack: the Chinese yam after step (4) Preservation Treatment is carried out bagging storage.
Preferably, the afterbody of Chinese yam described in step (1) is have climing one end in Chinese yam.
Preferably, the time that described in step (1), blower fan dries up is 4 hours.
Preferably, the method for operating except coring described in step (2) is: described Chinese yam is placed in movement fast above flame, repeats 2-3 times, clear up the dust on described Chinese yam.
By removing the mode of coring on flame, Chinese yam can be avoided to form section at coring place, or form cut, the simultaneously loss of the nutritious mucus of tool in Chinese yam, plays better protection and preservation.
Preferably, the time that in described step (3), blower fan dries up is 5-10 minutes.
Preferably, described in step (4), the collocation method of fresh-keeping liquid is: added by starch in the water of 95-100 DEG C, stir and make starch solution, and described starch solution is cooled to normal temperature, add the dehydro sodium acetate that percentage by weight is 1.5%, stir and get final product.
More preferred, the addition of described starch is: every 1Kg water adds starch 30g.
Preferably, the time that in described step (4), blower fan dries up is 4-6 hours.
Described in the application, starch, ethanol all come from commercially available, and described dehydro sodium acetate to be felt at ease biological products Co., Ltd purchased from Guangzhou.
In addition, it should be noted that, in whole operating process, Chinese yam will be handled with care, especially finally want careful operation during packaging, avoid due to Chinese yam break rear directly in the place of breaking rotten.
Compared with prior art, it is described in detail as follows the application:
Technical scheme provides the preservation method of a kind of Chinese yam, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: after being cleaned by Chinese yam, cut afterbody, expose clean section, adopts blower fan to be dried up by the moisture on described Chinese yam surface;
(2) except coring: get step (1) described moisture dry up after Chinese yam, the coring on described Chinese yam surface is removed;
(3) disinfect: the ethanol immersion that the Chinese yam after step (2) removing coring is placed in 75% was taken out after 10-20 seconds, dries up the surface moisture of described Chinese yam with blower fan;
(4) Preservation Treatment: the Chinese yam after step (3) being disinfected is placed in fresh-keeping liquid immersion and takes out after 50-70 seconds, dries up the surface moisture of described Chinese yam with blower fan; Described fresh-keeping liquid is the starch solution containing dehydro sodium acetate;
(5) pack: the Chinese yam after step (4) Preservation Treatment is carried out bagging storage.
By except coring, disinfect, Preservation Treatment, simultaneously all adopt blower fan to dry up described Chinese yam after each step, dried up by the air-flow of normal temperature, the loss of moisture in Chinese yam can be avoided as far as possible; , Chinese yam is carried out disinfection meanwhile, the bacterium that Chinese yam exists, fungi are killed, self occur when preventing the later stage from storing to rot; In addition; described Chinese yam is carried out Preservation Treatment; described fresh-keeping liquid is the starch solution containing dehydro sodium acetate; form the diaphragm of one deck densification on Chinese yam surface after described starch solution drying; at utmost reduce the aerobic respiration of Chinese yam; reduce the loss of moisture, therefore can reduce the nutrient consumption of Chinese yam self, adopt dehydro sodium acetate can ensure freshness and the mouthfeel thereof of Chinese yam.Prove through test, adopt technical scheme to carry out the Preservation Treatment of Chinese yam, can extend its shelf-life to 9 month, nutrient component damages is few, and can keep the mouthfeel of fresh Chinese yam.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
It is fresh-keeping that the present embodiment employing technical scheme carries out Chinese yam, comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: after being cleaned by Chinese yam, has climing one to cut Chinese yam, exposes clean section, adopts blower fan to be dried up by the moisture on described Chinese yam surface, about 4 hours;
(2) except coring: get step (1) described moisture dry up after Chinese yam, be placed in movement fast above flame, repeat 2-3 times, clear up the dust on described Chinese yam and coring;
(3) disinfect: the ethanol immersion that the Chinese yam after step (2) removing coring is placed in 75% was taken out after 10-20 seconds, dries up the surface moisture of described Chinese yam with blower fan, about 5-10 minutes;
(4) Preservation Treatment: the Chinese yam after step (3) being disinfected is placed in fresh-keeping liquid immersion and takes out after 50-70 seconds, dries up the surface moisture of described Chinese yam, about 4-6 hours with blower fan; The collocation method of wherein said fresh-keeping liquid is: added by starch in the water of 95-100 DEG C, stir and make starch solution, and described starch solution is cooled to normal temperature, adds the dehydro sodium acetate that percentage by weight is 1.5%, stirs and get final product;
(5) pack: the Chinese yam after step (4) Preservation Treatment is put mesh bag, is placed on shelf or cases.
Above-mentioned processing mode carries out fresh-keeping Chinese yam at least can store 9 months.
Embodiment two
Chinese yam after fresh-keeping in Example one, after Preservation Treatment, stores after 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 month, and detect the content of each composition of Chinese yam, result is as table 1.
Table 1 embodiment two Chinese yam each stage Chinese yam component content
|
Moisture/% |
Crude protein content/% |
Crude fat content/% |
Content of starch/% |
Sugar contents/% |
After Preservation Treatment |
75.00 |
14.48 |
3.78 |
43.79 |
1.14 |
After 1 month |
75.00 |
14.48 |
3.78 |
43.74 |
1.13 |
After 2 months |
75.00 |
14.46 |
3.76 |
43.70 |
1.11 |
After 3 months |
74.55 |
14.40 |
3.70 |
43.70 |
1.10 |
After 4 months |
74.35 |
14.35 |
3.70 |
43.67 |
1.09 |
After 5 months |
74.30 |
14.23 |
3.65 |
43.60 |
1.09 |
After 6 months |
74.12 |
14.20 |
3.60 |
43.60 |
1.08 |
After 7 months |
74.00 |
14.18 |
3.52 |
43.54 |
1.05 |
After 8 months |
73.69 |
14.12 |
3.49 |
43.52 |
1.02 |
After 9 months |
73.51 |
14.08 |
3.40 |
43.50 |
1.00 |
As known from Table 1, adopt technical scheme to carry out Chinese yam fresh-keeping, can prolong storage period to 9 months or more, its each main component rate of change is all less.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.