CN105073117A - 作为抗癌剂的三环杂环化合物 - Google Patents
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- CN105073117A CN105073117A CN201480009539.1A CN201480009539A CN105073117A CN 105073117 A CN105073117 A CN 105073117A CN 201480009539 A CN201480009539 A CN 201480009539A CN 105073117 A CN105073117 A CN 105073117A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种FOXO转录因子蛋白质的三环化学调节剂。该化合物能有效治疗癌症、年龄引发蛋白质毒性、压力引起的抑郁、炎症和痤疮。该化合物具有以下和类似的物类(i)、(ii)和(iii),其中,Het为芳香族杂环且Y为多种侧链和环的连接点。这样的化合物的例子为4-氯-N-(3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙基)苯磺酰胺(iv)。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2013年2月19日提交的美国临时申请61/766,387的优先权,通过引用将其所有内容并入本发明中。
技术领域
本申请涉及三环杂环化合物(FOXO转录因子蛋白质的调节剂)在治疗癌症、年龄引发蛋白质毒性疾病、压力引起的疾病、抑郁症、炎症和痤疮中的应用。
背景技术
FOXO(叉头(Forkhead)转录因子,O类)蛋白是一类参与控制多种生理、代谢和发育途径的转录因子。它们是在多种信号通路(包括胰岛素和成长因子信号)中的下游效应分子;还受到氧化应激和营养不足的调控。细胞进程(Cellularprocesses),包括细胞周期控制、分化、增值和凋亡,受到FOXO活性的影响。FOXO调控的过程的失调与一些病变相关,如肿瘤发生、炎症、糖尿病和其他病变中的神经退行性病症(neurodegenerativeconditions)。FOXO转录因子的活性被它们的亚细胞定位(尤其是它们从细胞质到细胞核的定位)和随后的转录激活部分地控制。
四种指定为FOXO1、FOXO3a、FOXO4和FOXO6的FOXO蛋白存在于人类细胞中,并且它们的活性受各种机制的调控,包括稳定性(溶蛋白性裂解)、亚细胞定位和转录激活。该家族中前三种的活性,尤其是FOXO1,是由胞核易位(cytosolic-nucleartranslocation)所调控,其中细胞核FOXO1直接通过其靶基因的转录激活或者间接通过与其他转录因子的相互作用而发挥作用。
本发明所描述的化合物,是基于三环骨架,具有抗增殖作用,可用作癌症治疗中的单药治疗剂。另外,它们可以与其他药物组合使用,以在耐药性已经建立的情况下恢复对化疗的敏感性。
发明内容
三环类物质现在已经被发现能够诱导FOXO1转录因子易位到细胞核。本发明描述的化合物表现出抗增殖的作用,并且在多种疾病的治疗中是有用的,包括在癌症治疗中作为单药治疗剂,或与其他药物结合使用以在耐药性已经建立的情况下恢复对化疗的敏感性。
在第一方面,本发明涉及式(I)的化合物:
其中:
T为苯环或五元或六元的杂芳环(heteroaromaticring);
U为苯环或五元或六元的杂芳环;
附带条件是T和U中至少一个不是苯环;
X选自由:-S-、-(CH2-CH2)-和-CH=CH-组成的组中;
Y选自由:组成的组中;
A是附加在Y处作为螺环(spiroring)的3-6元的脂肪族碳环或杂环,并且A可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基(haloalkyl)、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基(haloalkoxy)和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代;
R1、R2、R3和R4独立地选自由:H、卤素(halo)、-N3、-NR6R7、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)卤代烷基、–OR6、–C(O)R6、–OC(O)R6、–C(O)NR6R7、–C(O)OR6、–SR6、–SO2R6和–SO2NR6R7组成的组中;
R5为–(CR15R16)p-Qq-(CR15R16)n-p-Z或
R5a为=CR14(CR15R16)p-Qq-(CR15R16)m-p-Z;
Q选自-O-、-NR14-和
R6和R7各自独立地选自由:H和(C1-C6)烷基组成的组中;
R14为H或(C1-C3)烷基;
R15和R16,在每次出现时独立地选自H、OH、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基,(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基,或者,R14、R15和R16中的两个可以共同形成3-7元的碳环或杂环,其中,所述3-7元的碳环或杂环可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代;
m为1到3的整数;
n为2到4的整数;
p为0、1或2;
q为0或1;
t为0、1或2;
u为0、1或2,附带条件是当Y为时,u为2;
v为1、2或3;
Z选自由:-NHSO2R17,-NHC(O)NR8R9,-NHC(O)OR8,–S(O)2NR8R9,取代或未取代的环状氨基甲酸酯,取代或未取代的环脲(cyclicurea)、环状酰亚胺(cyclicimide)、氰基胍(cyanoguanidine)组成的组中;
R8和R9独立地选自H、取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基和取代或未取代的(C3-C7)环烷基;以及
R17选自苯基和单环杂芳基(monocyclicheteroaryl),所述苯基和单环杂芳基任选地被选自OH、卤素、氰基、硝基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)酰胺基、(C1-C3)烷基磺酰基(alkylsulfonyl)、(C1-C3)烷硫基(alkylthio)、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代。
在第二方面,本发明涉及上述化合物在医药中的方法和应用,尤其是用于选自以下的疾病的治疗:(a)癌症、(b)糖尿病、(c)自体免疫性疾病、(d)年龄引发蛋白质毒性疾病(ageonsetproteotoxicdisease)、(e)情绪失调(mooddisorder)、(f)寻常痤疮(acnevulgaris)、(g)实体器官移植排斥反应(solidorgantransplantrejection)、(h)移植物抗宿主病(graftvshostdisease)和(i)心脏肥大(cardiachypertrophy)。
在第三方面,本发明涉及含有上述化合物的药物组合物。
具体实施方式
当被引入时取代基为常规的定义,并在整个说明书和所有的独立权利要求中保留该定义。
在合成物方面,本发明涉及式(I)的化合物:
如上所述。结构式I的亚类包括下列物质:
其中W10、W11、W12和W13各自独立地选自N、CH和C-R3,并且W20、W21和W22各自独立地选自S、O、NH、CH和C-R3。
在一些亚类中,Z选自-NHSO2R17、-NHC(O)NR8R9和-NHC(O)OR8。
在当Z为-NHSO2R17的亚类中,某些化合物的结构式为:
其中Ar为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基。并且,特别地,它们可以为结构式(IA)或(IA’)所示:
其中R1和R4独立地选自H和卤素;且R2为H。
在某些实施方式中,X为–CH=CH-或–CH2CH2-。它们的结构式如
所示,其中虚线意在表示可任选的双键。换句话说,前述结构式代表
在某些实施方式中,p和q都是零,R15为H且R16选自H和OH。这样的亚类(其中Y为N)的例子包括:
该类物质的其他化合物(其中Z为-NHSO2R17且Y为N)是结构式如下所示的亚类:
在这些化合物中,B为3-7元的碳环或杂环,可以另外地被OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代。并且t为0、1或2。
当Y为时,典型的物类(genera)包括:
环“A”和“B”的例子包括环戊基、环己基、四氢呋喃基(tetrahydrofuranyl)、四氢吡喃基(tetrahydropyrany)、吡咯烷基(pyrrolidinyl)、哌啶基(piperidinyl)和哌嗪基(piperazinyl),各自可被氧代(oxo)或羟基取代。Ar通常为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基。在这些亚类中,与其他亚类相同,t可以为零。
含有“B”环的取代基R5的特定实施方式为,例如:
其中,波浪线表示R5在定义为“Y”的环节点上的连接点,可以为母结构(parentstructure)I中的N或CR14。
含有“B”环的取代基R5a的特定实施方式为,例如:
其中,波浪线表示R5a在母结构I中定义为“Y”的环节点上的连接点。
当Y为含有“A”环的时的特定实施方式为,例如螺[环戊烷]、螺[环己烷],和四氢螺[呋喃]和螺[吡喃]:
前述的亚类为那些T和U中一个为苯基且T和U中另一个为吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪或哒嗪的亚类,例如:
前述的另一些亚类为那些T和U中一个为苯基且T和U中另一个为噻吩的亚类:
在某些实施方式中,Ar为苯基或噻吩基,任选地被选自甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、三氟甲基、甲基磺酰基(methylsulfonyl)、三氟甲氧基(trifluoromethoxy)和乙酰氨基中的一种或两种取代基取代。在本发明的化合物中,Ar被限定为单环芳基和杂芳基,因为在所测试的双环的实例中,极少或几乎没有观察到活性。在本发明的某些实施方式中,一个或两个取代基位于与Ar和磺酰胺(sulfonamide)的连接点不相邻的位置。举例说明,当Ar为噻吩基时,3-氯-2-噻吩基具有临近连接点的卤素取代基,而4-氯-2-噻吩基没有。在某些实施方式中,Ar为苯基,任选地在3、4或5位置上被选自甲基、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基和三氟甲氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代。在R5为-(CR15R16)p-Qq-(CR15R16)n-p-Z且p和q为零的实施方式中,当R15和R16在所有情况下为H时,n可以为2或3。
在一种亚类中Z选自-NHC(O)NR8R9和-NHC(O)OR8,R9为氢且R8为(C1-C6)烷基。
在多种实施方式中,R1和R3独立地选自由H和卤素组成的组中,并且R2和R4为H。
经过审查可能发现,本申请没有排除的化合物或方法对于本申请的发明人来说并不具有可专利性。在任何情况下,在申请人提供的权利要求书中所排除的种类(species)和物类应当被认为是专利申请过程的人为结果,而不反映发明人的理念或他们的发明的描述,其包括不为公众所占有的物类I内的所有种类。
如本发明所使用的,并且能够被本领域技术人员所理解的,术语“化合物”-除非明确做进一步限定-意在包涵盖该化合物的盐。因此,例如,术语“结构式所示的化合物”
上述化合物也包括吡啶氮被质子化的盐其中X-为任意的平衡离子。在一种特定的实施方式中,术语“式I的化合物”指的是化合物或它的药学上可接受的盐。除非另有说明,否则本发明所描述的结构也意指包括该结构的所有立体异构(例如,对映体的、非对映体的和顺-反异构的)形式,例如,每一个不对称中心的R和S构象,(Z)和(E)双键异构体和(Z)和(E)构象异构体。因此,本发明化合物的单一立体化学的同分异构体以及对映体的、非对映体的和顺-反异构的(或构象的)混合物都在本发明的范围内。本文所描述的任何碳-碳双键的结构只是选择的方便,并不是为了指定特定的结构;因此,本文中反复描述的作为反式的碳-碳双键可以为顺式、反式,或两者以任何比例的混合。除非另有说明,本发明的化合物的所有互变异构形式均在本发明的范围内。
本发明也提供了一种包括式(I)化合物的药物组合物,或它的药学上可接受的盐形式,以及药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”指的是由药学上可接受的无毒酸或碱(包括无机酸和碱以及有机酸和碱)制备的盐。当本发明的化合物是碱性时,盐可以由药学上可接受的无毒酸(包括无机酸和有机酸)制备。对于本发明的化合物来说,用于形成盐的合适的药学上可接受的酸包括乙酸、己二酸(adipic)、海藻酸、抗坏血酸、天冬氨酸、苯磺酸(苯磺酸盐)(benzenesulfonic(besylate))、苯甲酸(benzoic)、硼酸(boric)、丁酸(butyric)、樟脑酸(camphoric)、樟脑磺酸(camphorsulfonic)、碳酸(carbonic)、柠檬酸(citric)、乙二磺酸(ethanedisulfonic)、乙磺酸(ethanesulfonic)、乙二胺四乙酸(ethylenediaminetetraacetic)、甲酸、富马酸(fumaric)、葡庚糖酸(glucoheptonic)、葡糖酸(gluconic)、谷氨酸、氢溴酸(hydrobromic)、盐酸、氢碘酸(hydroiodic)、羟基萘酸(hydroxynaphthoic)、羟乙磺酸(isethionic)、乳酸(lactic)、乳糖酸(lactobionic)、月桂基磺酸(laurylsulfonic)、马来酸(maleic)、苹果酸(malic)、扁桃酸(mandelic)、甲磺酸(methanesulfonic)、粘酸(mucic)、亚萘磺酸(naphthylenesulfonic)、硝酸(nitric)、油酸(oleic)、扑酸(pamoic)、泛酸(pantothenic)、磷酸(phosphoric)、新戊酸(pivalic)、聚半乳糖醛酸(polygalacturonic)、水杨酸(salicylic)、硬脂酸(stearic)、琥珀酸(succinic)、硫酸(sulfuric)、单宁酸(tannic)、酒石酸(tartaricacid)、替奥克莱酸(teoclatic)、对甲苯磺酸(p-toluenesulfonic)等。当所述化合物含有酸性侧链时,对于本发明的化合物来说,合适的药学上可接受的碱式盐(baseadditionsalts)包括,但不限于,由铝、钙、锂、镁、钾、钠和锌制得的金属盐,或者由赖氨酸、精氨酸、N,N'-二苄基乙二胺(N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine)、氯普鲁卡因(chloroprocaine)、胆碱(choline)、二乙醇胺(diethanolamine)、乙二胺(ethylenediamine)、葡甲胺(N-甲基葡糖胺)(meglumine(N-methylglucamine))和普鲁卡因(procaine)制得的有机盐。其它药学上可接受的盐包括,恰当的,连接到具有1-20个碳原子的烷基上的无毒的铵阳离子和羧酸盐、磺酸盐和膦酸根阴离子。
虽然式(I)化合物可能会被用作化工原料,更优选地,将它们用作药物组合物。根据进一步的方面,本发明提供了一种含有式(I)化合物的药物组合物或它的药学上可接受的盐,以及一种或多种它的药学上的载体,以及可选的一种或多种其他的治疗成分。所述载体必须为在与制剂中的其他成分相兼容的意义上是“可接受的”,并且不会对其受体有害。
所述制剂包括适用于口服、肠胃外(包括皮下、皮内、肌肉、静脉和关节)、直肠和局部(包括皮肤、口腔、舌下和眼内)给药的制剂。最合适的途径可能取决于受体的状况和病症。该制剂可以方便地以单位剂量的形式存在,并可以通过药学领域所熟知的任意方法制备。所有的方法都包括引入将式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐(“活性组分”)与构成一种或多种辅助成分的载体相结合的步骤。通常,所述制剂通过将活性组分与液体载体或磨碎的固体载体或两者一起均匀且紧密地相结合而制得,然后,如果必要的话,将产物塑造成所需的剂型。
本发明的适用于口服给药的制剂可能的存在形式为离散单元形式(例如含有预定量的活性组分的胶囊、扁囊(cachets)或片剂)、粉末或颗粒、溶液或含水液体或不含水液体的悬浮物、或水包油乳化液或油包水乳化液。活性成分也可以以大药丸、干药糖剂(electuary)或膏状的形式存在。
片剂可以通过加压或模压制成,可任选地伴有一种或多种辅助成分。加压片剂可以通过在合适的仪器中对自由流动形式的活性组分(例如粉末或颗粒)进行压缩而制得,可任选地将活性组分与粘合剂、润滑剂(lubricant)、惰性稀释剂、润滑油(lubricating)、表面活性剂或分散剂进行混合。模压片剂可以通过在合适的仪器中将惰性液体稀释剂湿润的粉末化合物模塑成型而制得。所述片剂可以任选地被涂覆或刻痕(scored),并可以被配制从而使活性组分持续、延迟或受控地释放。
用于肠胃外给药的制剂包括含有抗氧化剂、缓冲剂、抑菌剂和溶质(使制剂与目的受体的血液等渗)的含水的和不含水的无菌注射液。用于肠胃外给药的制剂还包括含水的和不含水的无菌悬浮物,其可以含有悬浮剂和增稠剂。所述制剂可以以多剂量容器中的单位剂量的形式存在,例如密封的安瓿(ampoules)和小瓶(vials),并可以储存在冷冻干燥(冻干)的条件下,只需要在使用前即时加入无菌的液体载体,例如生理盐水、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)等。即时的注射溶液和悬浮物可以由前面所述的无菌粉末、颗粒和片剂制得。
应当认识到的是,本发明的化合物可以放射性标记的形式存在,即,该化合物可以含有一种或多种原子,该一种或多种原子具有与通常在自然界存在的原子质量或质量数有所不同的原子质量或质量数。氢、碳、磷、氟和氯的放射性同位素分别包括2H、3H、13C、14C、15N、35S、18F和36Cl。含有这些放射性同位素和/或其他原子的其他放射性同位素的化合物都在本发明的范围内。氚(即3H)和碳-14(即14C),由于它们易于制备和检测而是特别优选的。含有同位素11C、13N、15O和18F的化合物特别适合用于正电子发射断层扫描(positronemissiontomography)。本发明的式I的放射性标记的化合物及其前体药物(prodrugs)通常可以通过本领域技术人员已知的方法进行制备。这些放射性标记的化合物可以通过用容易得到的放射性标记试剂代替非放射性标记试剂而按照实施例和方案中公开的步骤进行制备。
本发明所提供的化合物可用于患者的癌症治疗中,该方法包括对患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐形式。在某些实施方式中,癌症的特点是PI3K-AKT-FOXO信号通路失调。例如,癌症可以选自由:卵巢癌、胰腺癌、肾细胞癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、肝细胞癌、神经胶质瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤(lymphoma)、结直肠癌(colorectalcancers)和肉瘤(sarcomas)组成的组中。
在某些实施方式中,所述方法进一步包括给药一种或多种癌症化疗剂。在某些实施方式中,所述一种或多种癌症化疗剂为EGFR抑制剂。例如,所述化疗剂可以为埃罗替尼(erlotinib)或吉非替尼(gefitinib)。
在某些实施方式中,癌症是耐化疗的癌症。在某些实施方式中,所述方法进一步包括给药一种或多种癌症化疗剂。在某些实施方式中,所述一种或多种癌症化疗剂为EGFR抑制剂。例如,所述化疗剂可以为埃罗替尼或吉非替尼。
在某些实施方式中,式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的给药可以在患者已经对一种或多种化疗剂建立耐药性的情况下恢复患者对一种或多种化疗剂的敏感性。
本发明还提供了一种治疗患者的糖尿病的方法,该方法包括对患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐形式。
本发明还提供了一种治疗患者的自体免疫性疾病的方法,该方法包括对患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物。所述自体免疫性疾病可以为,例如,炎症性肠病(IBD)。免疫反应受到不断地和严格地调控并且一种用于维持自身耐受性(即自体免疫的预防)和良性共生的肠道菌群的耐受性的重要细胞成分为调节性T细胞(Treg)。Treg可细分为多种表型,但最常见的是表达转录因子Foxp3的CD4+CD25+T细胞。Foxp3是FoxO蛋白(尤其是FOXO1和FOXO3)的直接转录靶标。因此,FOXO蛋白在原位()T-细胞中的活化促进和引导了分化以维持Treg细胞的数量。
急性免疫介导的排斥反应和慢性免疫介导的排斥反应是成功的实体器官移植的主要障碍。据认为,这些形式的排斥反应可以通过扩大Treg数目和/或功能而被预防/克服。同样地,用于治疗多种恶性的或非恶性的病症的异体造血细胞移植(Allo-HCT)的普通和病态的并发症,为移植物抗宿主病,其中来自供体的移植免疫细胞会损伤受体的多种器官(最显著的是皮肤、肠道和肝脏)。越来越多的实验和临床数据表明,Tregs可以用来预防和/或治疗这种疾病进程。
因此,本发明的化合物通过激活FOXO蛋白和诱导T细胞分化成Tregs而有效地治疗自体免疫性疾病和相关疾病。所述化合物可以在治疗时直接向受试者给药,或者,可以如Taylor等人[Blood99,3493-3499(2002)]所述的从受试者身上采集T细胞并离体(exvivo)分化为Tregs。本发明的化合物可单独使用或与传统的免疫抑制药物(如环孢霉素、FK506和雷帕霉素及其类似物)结合使用。另外,本发明的化合物可以与组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂(histonedeacetylaseinhibitors,HDACi)共同给药,HDACi被示出能够通过维持Foxp3的乙酰化作用和活性而增强Treg的功能。
本发明的方面包括以Treg功能缺陷为特点的治疗自体免疫性疾病的方法,该方法包括给药治疗有效量的式I化合物,可任选地与HDAC抑制剂结合。该方法也可以包括从患者体内提取原位的T细胞,通过用本发明的式I化合物并任选地辅以HDACi进行处理而使T细胞离体分化为Tregs,然后将Tregs给药给患者并选择性地在给药之前将式I化合物与Tregs分离。如上所述,自体免疫性疾病(包括IBD、实体器官移植排斥反应和异体HCT移植物抗宿主病(GvHDinallo-HCT))都可以通过对供体细胞进行接种治疗有效量的式I化合物的处理而进行治疗。
在某些实施方式中,所述化合物可以被给药于患者以治疗自体免疫失调症,例如,艾迪生氏病(Addison’sdisease)、肌萎缩侧索硬化症(AmyotrophicLateralSclerosis)、腹腔疾病(celiacdisease)、克罗恩病(Crohnsdisease)、糖尿病、嗜酸性筋膜炎(eosinophilicfasciitis)、吉兰-巴雷综合征(Guillain-Barrésyndrome,GBS)、格雷夫斯病(Graves’disease)、红斑狼疮(Lupuserythematosus)、米勒费雪综合征(Miller-Fishersyndrome)、牛皮癣(psoriasis)、类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoidarthritis)、溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerativecolitis)和血管炎(vasculitis)。
在某些实施方式中,本文提供的化合物可用于治疗患者的疾病或病症,其中,所述疾病或病症包括过度或失调的细胞增值,所述方法包括向患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物。本发明还提供了一种治疗患者的疾病或病症的方法,其中,所述疾病或病症包括pi3K-AKT-FOXO信号通路的失调,该方法包括向患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物。
本发明还提供了一种治疗患者的疾病方法,其中,所述疾病的特点为年龄引发蛋白质毒性,该方法包括向患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物。在某些实施方式中,该疾病选自由:阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’sdisease)、帕金森氏病(Parkinson’sdisease)、亨廷顿病(Huntington’sdisease)和肌萎缩性侧索硬化症组成的组中。
本发明提供的化合物进一步可以用于治疗患者的情绪失调的方法中,该方法包括向患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物。在某些实施方式中,所述情绪失调为压力引起的抑郁。
本发明还提供了一种治疗患者的寻常痤疮的方法,该方法包括向患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物。
本发明进一步提供了治疗患者的心脏肥大的方法,该方法包括向患者给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物。在某些实施方式中,心脏肥大与选自高血压、心肌梗死(myocardialinfarction)和心脏瓣膜病(valvularheartdisease)的疾病相关。
本发明所描述的化合物能够诱导FOXO1转录因子易位到细胞核。它们表现出抗增殖作用,只有最小的多巴胺结合,从而可能降低GPCR-介导的CNS和CV副作用。这些药剂对治疗多种病症是有用的,包括作为在癌症治疗中的单药治疗,或与其他药物结合使用以在耐药性已经建立的情况下恢复对化疗的敏感性。
更具体地,可以通过本发明所描述的化合物、组合物和方法进行治疗的癌症包括,但不限于,下述的癌症:
贲门癌,包括,例如肉瘤(sarcoma),如血管肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤和脂肪肉瘤,黏液瘤(myxoma),横纹肌瘤,纤维瘤,脂肪瘤和畸胎瘤(teratoma);
肺癌,包括,例如支气管癌(bronchogeniccarcinoma),如鳞状细胞、未分化的小细胞、未分化的大细胞和腺癌(adenocarcinoma),肺泡和细支气管肺泡癌(alveolarandbronchiolarcarcinoma),支气管腺瘤(bronchialadenoma),肉瘤,淋巴瘤,软骨错构瘤(chondromatoushamartoma),以及间皮瘤(mesothelioma);
胃肠道癌,包括,例如食管癌,如鳞状细胞癌、腺癌、平滑肌肉瘤和淋巴瘤;胃癌,如肿瘤、淋巴瘤、平滑肌肉瘤;胰腺癌,如导管腺癌(ductaladenocarcinoma)、胰岛瘤、胰高血糖素瘤、胃泌素瘤(gastrinoma)、类癌瘤(carcinoidtumors)和舒血管肠肽瘤(vipoma);小肠癌,如腺癌、淋巴瘤、类癌瘤、卡波济肉瘤(Kaposi'ssarcoma)、平滑肌瘤(leiomyoma)、血管瘤(hemangioma)、脂肪瘤、神经纤维瘤和纤维瘤;大肠癌,如腺癌、管状腺瘤(tubularadenoma)、绒毛状腺瘤(villousadenoma)、错构瘤和平滑肌瘤;
泌尿生殖道癌,包括,例如肾癌,如腺癌、肾母细胞瘤(Wilm'stumor,肾胚细胞瘤)、淋巴瘤和白血病;膀胱和尿道癌,如鳞状细胞癌、移行细胞癌(transitionalcellcarcinoma)、腺癌;前列腺癌,如腺癌和肉瘤;睾丸癌,如精原细胞瘤(seminoma)、畸胎瘤、胚胎癌(embryonalcarcinoma)、畸胎癌(teratocarcinoma)、绒毛膜上皮癌(choriocarcinoma)、肉瘤、间质细胞癌(interstitialcellcarcinoma)、纤维瘤、纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma)、腺瘤样瘤(adenomatoidtumors)和脂肪瘤;
肝癌,包括,例如肝细胞瘤(hepatoma),如肝细胞癌(hepatocellularcarcinoma)、胆管癌、肝母细胞癌(hepatoblastoma)、血管肉瘤、肝细胞腺瘤(hepatocellularadenoma)和血管瘤;
骨癌,包括,例如,骨原性肉瘤(osteogenicsarcoma)(骨肉瘤)、纤维肉瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、软骨肉瘤(chondrosarcoma)、尤因氏肉瘤(Ewing'ssarcoma)、恶性淋巴瘤(网状细胞肉瘤)、多发性骨髓瘤、恶性巨细胞瘤(malignantgiantcelltumor)、脊索瘤(chordoma)、骨软骨瘤(osteochrondroma,骨软骨外生骨疣(osteocartilaginousexostoses))、良性软骨瘤、软骨母细胞瘤、软骨肌瘤样纤维瘤(chondromyxofibroma)、骨样骨瘤(osteoidosteoma)和骨巨细胞瘤;
神经系统癌,包括,例如头骨癌(cancersoftheskull),如脑壳瘤(osteoma)、血管瘤、肉芽肿(granuloma)、黄色瘤(xanthoma)和变形性骨炎(osteitisdeformans);脑膜癌,如脑膜瘤(meningioma)、脑膜肉瘤(meningiosarcoma)和神经胶质瘤(gliomatosis);脑癌,例如,星形细胞瘤(astrocytoma)、髓母细胞瘤(medulloblastoma)、胶质瘤、室管膜瘤、生殖细胞瘤(松果体瘤)、多形性胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastomamultiform)、少突胶质细胞瘤(oligodendroglioma)、神经鞘瘤、视网膜母细胞瘤(retinoblastoma)和先天性肿瘤(congenitaltumors);以及脊髓癌,如神经纤维瘤、脑膜瘤、胶质瘤和肉瘤;
妇科癌症(gynecologicalcancers),包括,例如,子宫癌,如子宫内膜癌;宫颈的癌症,如宫颈癌(cervicalcarcinoma)和前肿瘤宫颈发育不良(pretumorcervicaldysplasia);卵巢的癌症,如卵巢癌(ovariancarcinoma),包括浆液性囊腺癌(serouscystadenocarcinoma)、粘液性囊腺癌(mucinouscystadenocarcinoma)、未分类癌(unclassifiedcarcinoma)、卵巢卵泡膜细胞瘤(granulosathecalcelltumors)、SertoliLeydig细胞瘤、无性细胞瘤和恶性畸胎瘤(malignantteratoma);阴户癌,如鳞状细胞癌、上皮内癌(intraepithelialcarcinoma)、腺癌、纤维肉瘤和黑色素瘤;阴道癌,如明细胞癌(clearcellcarcinoma)、鳞状细胞癌、葡萄状肉瘤(botryoidsarcoma)和胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤;输卵管癌,如癌(carcinoma);
血液癌(hematologiccancers),包括,例如,血癌(cancersoftheblood),如急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病(acutelymphoblasticleukemia)、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、骨髓增生性疾病(myeloproliferativediseases)、多发性骨髓瘤(multiplemyeloma)和骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplasticsyndrome)、霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin'slymphoma)、非霍奇金淋巴瘤(恶性淋巴瘤)和瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症(macroglobulinemia);
皮肤癌,包括,例如,恶性黑色素瘤,基底细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、卡波济肉瘤(Kaposi'ssarcoma)、发育不良的痣(molesdysplasticnevi)、脂肪瘤、血管瘤、皮肤纤维瘤、瘢痕瘤(keloids)、牛皮癣;以及肾上腺癌,包括,例如,神经母细胞瘤(neuroblastoma)。
癌症可以为能够转移的也可以为不能够转移的实体瘤。癌症也可以以扩散性组织的形式发生,例如白血病。
本发明所描述的化合物也可以与现有治疗癌症的方法相结合进行给药,例如,通过化疗、放疗或手术治疗。因此,本发明进一步提供了一种治疗癌症的方法,包括向患者给药有效量的根据式(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐形式,其中,也向患者给药治疗有效量的一种或多种另外的癌症化疗剂。合适的化疗剂的例子包括EGFR抑制剂,例如埃罗替尼或吉非替尼。
除非另外定义,本发明所使用的所有技术上和科技上的术语都与本申请所属领域的普通技术人员所理解的常规含义相同。有机化学家(即本领域普通技术人员)所使用的缩写词的详细列表在有机化学杂志(JournalofOrganic Chemistry)的每一卷的第一期都有记载。通过引用将该列表(通常记载在标题为“缩写词的标准列表(StandardListofAbbreviations)”的表格中)的内容并入本文。如果本发明所引用的术语有多种定义,以本文中的为准,除非另有说明。
如本发明所使用的,术语“包括(comprising)”或“含有(including)”或其语法变体都用于说明所阐述的特征、整体(integers)、步骤或成分,而不用于排除一种或多种另外的特征、整体、步骤或成分的加入。该术语还涵盖了术语“由…组成”和“基本上由…组成”。
当本发明使用术语“基本上由…组成”或其语法变体时,是用于说明所阐述的特征、整体、步骤或成分,而不用于排除一种或多种另外的特征、整体、步骤、成分或组群的加入,只有当其另外的特征、整体、步骤、成分或组群不能够从实质上改变所要求保护的组合物或方法的基本和新颖性特征时除外。
如本发明所使用的,“患者”包括人和其它动物,特别是哺乳动物。因此,本发明的方法适用于人的治疗和兽医应用。在某些实施方式中,患者为哺乳动物,例如灵长类动物。在某些实施方式中,患者为人。
治疗可以包括将本发明所描述的化合物给药于被诊断患有疾病的患者,也可以包括将该化合物给药于不具有活性症状(activesymptoms)的患者。相反地,治疗可以包括将组合物给药于有患特定疾病风险的患者,或给药于表现出一种或多种疾病的生理学症状的患者,即便可能还没有作出疾病的诊断。
本文所述的化合物的“治疗有效”量通常为一种充足的量,能够达到所期望的效果,且可以根据病情的性质和严重性以及化合物的效力而改变。应该理解的是,不同的浓度可用于预防和治疗活动性疾病。获得了治疗上的益处,实现了一种或多种与潜在病症有关的生理症状的缓解,从而在患者身上观察到了改善,尽管患者可能仍然被潜在病症所折磨。
关于FOXO转录因子蛋白的术语“调节”指的是FOXO转录因子蛋白的活化和其与FOXO路径相关的生物活性。FOXO转录因子蛋白的调节包括上调(即激动(agonizing)、激活(activation)或刺激(stimulation))。FOXO调节子的作用模式可以是直接的,例如,通过作为配位体与FOXO转录因子蛋白结合。调节也可以是间接的,例如,通过结合和/或修饰其他的分子,否则所述其他的分子与FOXO转录因子蛋白结合并将其激活。
除非另有说明,本文所用的烷基旨在包括线状、支链或环状烃结构及它们的组合。直链烷基包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基和正癸基,且支链烷基包括异丙基、叔丁基(tert-butyl)、异丁基、仲丁基(sec-butyl)和新戊基。组合形式可以是,例如,环丙烷甲基(cyclopropylmethyl)。低级烷基是指1-6个碳原子的烷基。低级烷基的例子包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基,仲丁基(s-butyl)和叔丁基(t-butyl)等。优选的烷基为C20以下的烷基。如本文所使用,环烷基是烷基的下位概念并包括3-8个碳原子的环状烃基。在一些分类或命名系统中,例如IUPAC,环烷基与烷基是区分开的,并非为下位概念。为了适应这种分类,或以使读者明白提供直链的主体,术语烷基下的支链和环烷基是不一致的,这里所说的烷基可以被称为“饱和烃基”或“烷基/环烷基”。环烷基的例子包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、降冰片基(norbornyl)等。在某些实施方式中,直链或支链烷基在其骨架中具有6个或更少的碳原子(例如,直链为C1-6,支链为C3-6)。术语C1-6包括含有1至6个碳原子的烷基。在某些实施方式中,环烷基在其环结构中具有3-8个碳原子,例如,它们可以在其环结构中具有3个、4个、5个或6个碳原子。
C1到C20的烃基包括烷基、环烷基、多环烷基(polycycloalkyl)、烯基、炔基、芳基以及它们的组合。例子包括苄基、苯乙基、环己烷甲基(cyclohexylmethyl)、樟脑基(camphoryl)和萘乙基(naphthylethyl)。烃基是指含有氢和碳作为仅有的元素组分的任何取代基。
除非另有说明,术语“碳环”旨在包括环系,其中,环原子全部是碳原子除非是氧化态。因此(C3-C10)碳环是指非芳香族和芳香族系统(system),包括如环丙烷、苯和环己烯这样的系统;(C8-C12)碳多环(carbopolycycle)指降冰片烷(norbornane)、萘烷(decalin)、二氢化茚(indane)和萘(naphthalene)这样的系统。如果没有另外限定,碳环指的是单环、双环和多环。碳环可被划分成的脂肪族(即非芳香族)碳环和芳香族碳环。芳香族碳环包括苯(苯基)和萘(萘基);脂肪族碳环包括环烷基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基和不饱和的碳环,如环己烯、环戊烯、环庚烯和环庚二烯(cycloheptadiene)。
烷氧基或烷氧基的指的是通过氧连接到母体结构的1-8个碳原子的直链、支链或环状结构及它们的组合。例子包括甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基(propoxy)、异丙氧基、环丙氧基(cyclopropyloxy)、环己氧基(cyclohexyloxy)等。
除非另有限定,酰基是指通过羰基官能团连接到母体结构的甲酰基(formyl)和有1、2、3、4、5、6、7和8个碳原子的直链、支链、环状结构、饱和的、不饱和的和芳香的基团以及它们的组合。例子包括乙酰基、苯甲酰基、丙酰基、异丁酰基等。当被看做自身的取代基时,双键氧被称为“氧代(oxo)”。
在一般情况下,芳基和杂芳基是指(i)苯基(或苯)或含有1-4个选自O、N或S的杂原子的单环的5-或6-元杂芳环;(ii)含有0-4个选自O、N或S的杂原子的双环的9-或10-元芳香环或杂芳环体系;或(iii)含有0-5个选自O、N或S的杂原子的三环的13-或14-元芳香环或杂芳环体系。芳香族6-至14-元碳环包括,例如,苯、萘、二氢化茚、四氢化萘(tetralin)和芴(fluorene),以及5-至10-元芳香族杂环包括,例如,咪唑、吡啶、吲哚、噻吩、苯并吡喃酮(benzopyranone)、噻唑、呋喃、苯并咪唑、喹啉、异喹啉、喹喔啉、嘧啶、吡嗪、四唑和吡唑。本文所用的关于取代基Ar、芳基和杂芳基均指单环残基。
芳基烷基(Arylalkyl)是指其中的芳基残基通过烷基连接到母体结构的取代基。例子为苄基、苯乙基等。杂芳基烷基是指其中杂芳基残基通过烷基连接到母体结构的取代基。在一种实施方式中,芳基烷基或杂芳基烷基的烷基为1-6个碳原子的烷基。例子包括,例如,吡啶基甲基(pyridinylmethyl)、嘧啶基乙基(pyrimidinylethyl)等。
杂环指其中1-4个碳被选自由N、O和S组成的组中的杂原子替换的脂环族或芳基碳环残基。氮和硫杂原子可任选地被氧化,并且氮杂原子可任选地被季铵化(quaternized)。除非另外指明,杂环可以是非芳香族或芳香族的。杂环的例子包括吡咯烷、吡唑、吡咯、吲哚、喹啉、异喹啉、四氢异喹啉(tetrahydroisoquinoline)、苯并呋喃、苯并二噁烷(benzodioxan)、苯并二茂(benzodioxole)、四唑、吗啉、噻唑、吡啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、嘧啶、噻吩、呋喃、噁唑、噁唑啉、异噁唑、二噁烷、四氢呋喃和四氢吡喃等。应当注意的是,杂芳基是杂环的下位概念,其中,所述杂环是芳香族的。氧杂环是在环中含有至少一个氧的杂环;它可以含有额外的氧以及其他杂原子。硫杂环是在环中含有至少一个硫的杂环;它可以含有额外的硫以及其它杂原子。氧杂芳基是氧杂环的下位概念,例子包括呋喃和噁唑。硫杂芳基是硫杂环的下位概念,例子包括噻吩和噻嗪。氮杂环是在环中含有至少一个氮的杂环;它可以含有额外的氮以及其他杂原子。例子包括哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、吡咯烷和硫代吗啉(thiomorpholine)。氮杂芳基是氮杂环的下位概念,例子包括吡啶、吡咯和噻唑。
如本文所使用的,术语“任选取代的”可以与“未取代或取代的”互换使用。术语“取代的”是指以特定的原子团替换特定的官能团中一个或多个氢原子。“氧代”也可以被包括在“任选取代的”所指的取代基中,这能够被本领域技术人员所理解,因为氧是一个二价基团,在有些情况下它不会是适当的取代基(例如在苯基上)。在一种实施方式中,1、2或3个氢原子被指定的基团替换。在烷基和环烷基的情况中,三个以上的氢原子可以被氟取代;事实上,所有可用的氢原子都可以被氟取代。
术语“卤代烷基”和“卤代烷氧基”是指烷基或烷氧基分别被一个或多个卤素原子取代。术语“烷羰基(alkylcarbonyl)”和“烷氧羰基(alkoxycarbonyl)”分别是指-C(=O)烷基或-C(=O)O烷基。
术语“卤素”指氟、氯、溴或碘。在一种实施方式中,卤素可为氟或氯。
化合物的制备可涉及多种化学基团的保护和去保护。进行保护和去保护的需要,和适当的保护基的选择,可以由本领域技术人员很容易地确定。用于上述目的的合适的基团在化学领域的标准教科书中有记载,如T.W.Greene和P.G.M.Wuts[JohnWiley&Sons,NewYork,1999],在ProtectingGroupChemistry,第一版,牛津大学出版社,2000,以及March’sAdvancedOrganicchemistry:Reactions,Mechanisms,andStructure,第一版,Wiley-Interscience出版,2001记载的有机合成中的保护基团(ProtectiveGroupsinOrganicSynthesis)。
根据本发明的化合物可以按照如以下方案所示的方法制备。
方案1
方案2
方案3
方案4
方案5
方案6
方案7
以上方案3-7中提到的方法A、B和C为三种不同的烷基化氮杂环的氮的方法。方法A示于方案1中,通过用氯乙酰氯(chloroacetylchloride)酰化、用氰化物(cyanide)取代以及还原而实现。方法B示于方案2中,通过加入丙烯腈和还原而实现。方法C示于PCTUS2012/051097中,其合成方案和实验描述的内容都通过引用并入本发明。在方法C中,氮杂环的氮用N-(4-溴丙基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺(N-(4-bromopropyl)phthalimide)烷基化,且邻苯二甲酰亚胺被肼(hydrazine)裂解。
通过将方案2、3、4和5中的邻氯氨基吡啶(ortho-chloroaminopyridines)替换为相应的已知的或市售的邻氯氨基杂环(ortho-chloroaminoheterocycles),可以使其它的环系取代吡啶环。例如,通过用5-氨基-4-氯嘧啶取代方案3中的3-氨基-4-氯吡啶,可以得到该系列的化合物:
另外的市售的可用于提供相应的二嗪苯并吖庚因(diazinobenzazepines)的邻氯氨基二嗪(ortho-chloroaminodiazines)包括:2-氨基-3-氯吡嗪、4-氨基-3-氯哒嗪、5-氨基-4-氯哒嗪和4-氨基-5-氯嘧啶。
其中侧链被羟基化的化合物可以根据方案8来合成:
方案8
其中Y不为氮的式I环系的合成可以通过本领域已知的方法来实现,优选通过类似于PCTUS2012/051097、WO2006/116157和WO2003/022835中所记载的合成方案和实验描述实现,它们的合成方案和实验描述的内容通过引用并入本发明。
通过方案9和10的方法,可以合成其中Y为的化合物。
方案9
方案10
方案9和10所用的原料酮可以根据方案11由已知的邻-甲基腈(ortho-methylnitriles)制得:
方案11
本领域已知的且适用于方案11的邻-氨基腈包括:
实施例
实施例100
1-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)-2-氯乙酮(1-(5H-Benzo[b]pyrido[3,2-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)-2-chloroethanone)。将根据文献的方法(Villani,F.J.;Mann,T.A.J.Med.Chem.1968,11(4),894-5)制得的6,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂(0.150g,0.764mmol)的1:1甲苯-CH2Cl2溶液,用氯乙酰氯(85.1μL,1.07mmol)进行处理并加热至100℃保持1h。将该混合物冷却至25℃,在真空中浓缩以除去大部分溶剂。将残余物悬浮在最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-25%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化,得到米黄色油状的目标化合物(0.053g,25%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ(旋转异构体的混合物)9.15(0.5H,d,J=4.8Hz),8.24(1H,d,J=4.8Hz),8.01(0.5H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.63(0.5H,brs).7.48(1H,dd,J=7.8,1.2Hz),7.44(0.5H,t,J=6.6Hz),7.35-7.37(1H,m),7.17-7.20(2H,m),7.15(1H,dd,J=7.2,4.2Hz),6.05(1H,brs),4.23,(2H,brs),3.05(4H,brs);LCMSm/z273.1306([M+H+],C15H13ClN2O分子量(requires)273.0789)。
3-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)-3-氧代丙腈(3-(5H-Benzo[b]pyrido[3,2-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile)。将1-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)-2-氯乙酮(1.45g,5.32mmol)在DMF(5.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃并用磨细的氰化钠(0.518g,10.6mmol)处理。将该混合物在25℃下搅拌14小时。将该溶液用CH2Cl2(500mL)稀释,并用H2O(3×200mL)和饱和NaCl水溶液(200mL)洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),并真空浓缩。将残余物悬浮在最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-40%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化,得到米黄色固态的目标化合物(0.560g,40%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ(旋转异构体的混合物)8.34(1H,d,J=3.6Hz),7.57(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.42-7.43(1H,m),7.26-7.30(3H,m),7.25(1H,dd,J=8.4,5.4Hz),3.78(2H,brs),3.41(2H,brs),2.95(2H,brs);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ162.1,151.0,147.0,141.1,139.7,136.3,131.1,129.7,129.0,128.3,127.6,124.3,113.9,31.4,29.4,26.7;LCMSm/z264.2823([M+H+],C16H13N3O分子量264.1131)。
3-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙-1-胺(3-(5H-Benzo[b]pyrido[3,2-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)propan-1-amine)。将3-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)-3-氧代丙腈(0.560g,2.13mmol)在THF(10.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃并用BH3-THF(1M的THF溶液,8.50mL,8.50mmol)处理。将烧瓶密封,加热至70℃并保持5h,然后冷却至0℃。将该溶液缓慢地处理,逐滴滴加1M的HCl水溶液(8.5mL),在0℃下额外搅拌0.5h,然后加热至70℃保持1h。将该混合物冷却至25℃,用4M的NaOH水溶液处理直至pH>8,并用THF(3×100mL)进行萃取。合并的萃取物被浓缩至干燥。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-50%己烷-乙酸乙酯以除去非极性的杂质,之前用17:2:1的CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH洗提产物)进行纯化。将纯化的产物的合并部分进行浓缩,用甲苯共沸干燥,以得到干净的油状的目标化合物(0.267g,49%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.09(1H,dd,J=4.8,1.8Hz),7.25(1H,dd,J=7.2,1.2Hz),7.17-7.18(2H,m),7.14(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.02-7.04(1H,m),6.70(1H,dd,J=7.8,4.8Hz),4.09(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.09-3.11(2H,m),3.06-3.07(2H,m),2.98(2H,m),2.75(2H,(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),1.78(2H,重复五次(quintet),J=6.6Hz).13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ156.3,147.4,144.8,139.5,138.3,128.3,126.9,124.4,124.0,122.9,116.2,47.6,39.8,34.7,31.7,30.8;LCMSm/z254.2144([M+H+],C16H19N3分子量254.1652)。
N-(3-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙基)-4-(三氟甲氧基)苯磺酰胺(N-(3-(5H-Benzo[b]pyrido[3,2-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)propyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzenesulfonamide)。将3-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙-1-胺(0.080g,0.316mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(48.0μL,0.348mmol)和4-三氟甲氧苯磺酰氯化物(4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonylchloride)(56.0μL,0.332mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至25℃,并搅拌2h。该混合物被分配在饱和NaCl水溶液(50mL)和CH2Cl2(100mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×50mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-30%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化。合并纯化的各部分,溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到白色固态的目标化合物(0.078g,52%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.02(1H,dd,J=4.8,1.8Hz),7.74(2H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.16-7.18(3H,m),7.07(1H,td,J=7.2Hz),7.03(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),6.94-6.97(2H,m),6.64(1H,dd,J=7.2,4.8Hz),6.22(1H,brs),3.86(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),2.93-2.95(2H,m),2.91-2.93(2H,m),2.89-2.91(2H,m),1.74(2H,重复五次,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ155.6,152.0,147.3,144.5,140.0,138.6,138.2,129.3,128.3,127.1,124.8,124.0,122.8,121.0,119.6,116.2,47.8,41.5,35.1,30.9,28.3;LCMSm/z478.7886([M+H+],C23H22ClF3N3O3S分子量478.1407)。
实施例101
N-(3-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙基)-4-氯苯磺酰胺(N-(3-(5H-Benzo[b]pyrido[3,2-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)propyl)-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide)。将3-(5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙-1-胺(0.0800g,0.316mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(48.0μL,0.348mmol)和4-氯苯磺酰氯化物(4-chlorobenzenesulfonylchloride)(0.0700g,0.348mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至25℃并搅拌2h。该混合物被分配在饱和NaCl水溶液(50mL)和CH2Cl2(100mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×50mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-30%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到白色固态的目标化合物(0.067g,49%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61(2H,dd,J=9.0,1.8Hz),7.28(2H,dd,J=8.5,1.6Hz),7.17(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.07(1H,tt,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.03(1H,td,J=7.2,1.8Hz),6.96(1H,t,J=1.2Hz),6.94(1H,d,J=1.8Hz),6.63-6.65(1H,m),6.11(1H,brs),3.84(2H,t,J=6.0Hz),2.93-2.94(2H,m),2.90-2.93(2H,m),2.87-2.90(2H,m),1.71(2H,重复五次,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ155.6,147.2,144.5,139.9,138.9,138.7,138.2,129.4,128.7,128.3,127.1,124.7,124.0,122.8,116.2,47.7,41.4,35.1,30.9,28.3;LCMSm/z428.4579([M+H+],C22H22ClN3O2S分子量428.1194)。
实施例102
2-氯-N-(2-乙烯基苯基)吡啶-3-胺(2-Chloro-N-(2-vinylphenyl)pyridin-3-amine)。将2-氯吡啶-3-胺(2-chloropyridin-3-amine,5.43g,42.2mmol)在二噁烷(80.0mL)中的溶液用2溴苯乙烯(2-bromostyrene)(5.20mL,40.2mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(0.277g,0.302mmol)和Davephos(0.356g,0.905mmol)处理。将所得溶液用Ar(g)脱气几分钟并加热至110℃保持14h。将溶液冷却至25℃,真空下浓缩,然后在饱和NaCl水溶液(500mL)和CH2Cl2(1000mL)之间分配。将有机相用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×200mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-10%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化,以得到目标化合物(在静置得到米黄色固体时缓慢结晶,3.59g,39%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.84(1H,q,J=1.8Hz),7.61(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.31(1H,t,J=7.8Hz),7.21-7.25(2H,m),7.02-7.06(2H,m),6.83(1H,dd,J=17.4,11.4Hz),6.02(1H,s),5.76(1H,d,J=18.0Hz),5.34(1H,d,J=11.4Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ139.95,138.89,138.1,137.1,133.4,132.4,129.1,127.3,125.9,124.5,123.3,121.1,117.1;LCMSm/z231.1964([M+H+],C13H11ClN2分子量231.0684)。
5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂(5H-Benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepine)。将2-氯-N-(2-乙烯基苯基)吡啶-3-胺(1.46g,6.33mmol)在1:1的DMF-Et3N(6.0mL)中的溶液用Pd(OAc)2(0.142g,0.633mmol)三-邻甲苯基膦(tri-o-tolylphosphine)(0.578g,1.90mmol)处理。所得溶液在微波炉中加热至150℃2h,然后冷却至25℃。将混合物在饱和NaCl水溶液(100mL)和CH2Cl2(300mL)之间分配。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×200mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-30%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到黄色固态的目标化合物(0.579g,47%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.06(1H,d,J=4.8Hz),7.05(2H,td,J=9.0,1.2Hz),6.49(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),6.47(1H,d,J=3.6Hz),4.84(1H,brs);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ149.7,148.1,144.8,143.9,135.2,133.5,131.4,130.2,129.4,126.0,123.8,123.7,119.5;LCMSm/z195.1824([M+H+],C13H10N2分子量195.0917)。
10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂(10,11-Dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepine)。将5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂(1.60g,8.23mmol)在1:1的THF-MeOH(10.0mL)中的溶液用10%Pd/C(0.712g,0.823mmol)处理,置于H2(g)气氛下在25℃下搅拌6h。混合物通过Celite过滤并在真空下浓缩。残余物溶解于最少量的Et2O中并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到米黄色固态的目标化合物(1.55g,96%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(1H,d,J=1.8Hz),7.10-7.12(2H,m),7.03-7.05(2H,m),6.85(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),6.79(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),6.00(1H,s),3.32(2H,t,J=5.4Hz),3.13(2H,t,J=5.4Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ147.7,142.1,139.9,139.0,130.7,129.8,127.2,124.8,122.0,120.8,118.4,38.5,33.2;LCMSm/z197.1975([M+H+],C13H12N2分子量197.1073)。
3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙腈(3-(10,11-Dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepin-5-yl)propanenitrile)。将10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂(1.00g,5.09mmol)在甲苯(5.0mL)中的溶液用丙烯腈(5.0mL)和TritonB(0.5mL)处理,并加热至80℃保持2h。将混合物冷却至25℃,在N2(g)气流下浓缩,在最少量的甲苯中再次悬浮并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-25%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到白色固态的目标化合物(0.400g,32%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35-7.36(1H,m),7.29(1H,dd,J=8.4,1.2Hz),7.25(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.20(1H,td,J=7.2,1.2Hz),7.08-7.10(2H,m),7.05(1H,d,J=8.4Hz),4.06(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.33-3.36(2H,m),3.29-3.31(2H,m),2.62(2H,t,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ153.4,146.5,143.2,137.9,129.9,128.7,127.2,125.9,125.2,121.6,120.6,118.2,46.6,36.5,30.0,17.3;LCMSm/z250.1808([M+H+],C16H15N3分子量250.1339)。
3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙-1-胺(3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepin-5-yl)propan-1-amine)。将3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙腈(0.400g,1.60mmol)在THF(10.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃并用BH3-THF(1M的THF中的溶液,6.40mL,6.40mmol)处理。将烧瓶密封,加热至70℃保持5h然后冷却至0℃。将该溶液缓慢地处理,逐滴滴加1M的HCl水溶液(6.40mL),在0℃下额外搅拌0.5h,然后加热至70℃保持1h。将该混合物冷却至25℃,用4M的NaOH水溶液处理直至pH>8,然后用THF(3×100mL)萃取。合并的萃取物被浓缩至干燥。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-50%己烷-乙酸乙酯以除去非极性的杂质,之前用17:2:1的CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH洗提产物)进行纯化。将纯化的产物的合并部分进行浓缩,用甲苯共沸干燥,以得到干净的油状的目标化合物(0.181g,45%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.07(1H,dd,J=4.2,1.2Hz),7.32(1H,dd,J=8.4,1.2Hz),7.14-7.18(2H,m),7.06(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.02(1H,dd,J=8.4,4.2Hz),7.00(1H,td,J=7.8,0.6Hz),3.77(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.29(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.19(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),2.71(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),2.17(2H,brs),1.70(2H,t,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ152.6,148.2,144.2,141.9,136.8,129.2,126.8,126.1,124.0,121.4,120.9,47.8,39.8,36.6,31.3,30.2;LCMSm/z254.2198([M+H+],C16H19N3分子量254.1652)。
N-(3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙基)-4-(三氟甲氧基)苯磺酰胺(N-(3-(10,11-Dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepin-5-yl)propyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzenesulfonamide)。将3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙-1-胺(0.060g,0.237mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(36.0μL,0.261mmol)和4-三氟甲氧苯磺酰氯化物(42.0μL,0.249mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至25℃,并搅拌2h。该混合物被分配在饱和NaCl水溶液(50mL)和CH2Cl2(100mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×50mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-30%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到白色固态的目标化合物(0.065g,57%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.04(1H,dd,J=4.6,1.0Hz),7.80(2H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.28(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.26(2H,d,J=9.0Hz),7.15-7.18(2H,m),7.02-7.04(3H,m),5.40(1H,s),3.75(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.19(2H,t,J=6.0Hz),3.04(2H,t,J=6.0Hz),3.00(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),1.78(2H,t,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ152.5,152.2,147.5,144.2,142.2,138.5,136.8,129.5,129.3,127.1,126.1,124.5,121.6,121.4,121.1,120.8,46.9,41.0,36.4,30.1,27.7;LCMSm/z478.3604([M+H+],C23H22ClF3N3O3S分子量478.1407)。
实施例103
4-氯-N-(3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙基)苯磺酰胺(4-Chloro-N-(3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepin-5-yl)propyl)benzenesulfonamide)。将3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙-1-胺(0.0600g,0.237mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(36.0μL,0.261mmol)和4-氯苯磺酰氯化物(0.0530g,0.249mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至25℃,并搅拌2h。该混合物被分配在饱和NaCl水溶液(50mL)和CH2Cl2(100mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×50mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-30%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到白色固态的目标化合物(0.059g,58%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.06(1H,dd,J=4.8,1.2Hz),7.68(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.40(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.26(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.15-7.17(2H,m),7.02-7.05(2H,m),7.02(1H,s),5.22(1H,t,J=5.4Hz),3.73(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.19(2H,t,J=6.0Hz),3.04(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),2.98(2H,q,J=6.0Hz),1.75(2H,重复五次,J=6.0Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ152.6,147.5,144.2,142.2,139.3,138.6,136.8,129.6,129.5,128.6,127.0,126.0,124.5,121.6,120.8,46.9,41.0,36.5,30.2,27.7;LCMSm/z428.2336([M+H+],C22H22ClN3O2S分子量428.1194)。
实施例104
(R)-N-(3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)-2-羟丙基)-4-(三氟甲氧基)苯磺酰胺((R)-N-(3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepin-5-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzenesulfonamide)。将(S)-1-氨基-3-(10,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]吡啶并[2,3-f]氮杂-5-基)丙-2-醇((S)-1-amino-3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrido[2,3-f]azepin-5-yl)propan-2-ol)(0.056g,0.208mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(30.0μL,0.218mmol)和4-三氟甲氧苯磺酰氯化物(37.0μL,0.218mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至25℃,并搅拌2h。该混合物被分配在饱和NaCl水溶液(50mL)和CH2Cl2(100mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×50mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-30%己烷-乙酸乙酯)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到透明膜状的目标化合物(0.061g,59%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.97(1H,d,J=4.8Hz),7.78(2H,d,J=6.6Hz),7.30(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.21(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.10-7.14(2H,m),7.01-7.04(2H,m),6.97(1H,dd,J=7.8,4.8Hz),6.28(1H,brs),3.81(1H,dd,J=6.0,3.0Hz),3.77(1H,d,J=6.6Hz),3.69(1H,dd,J=12.6,6.0Hz),3.17-3.20(1H,m),3.12-3.14(2H,m),3.05-3.07(2H,m),2.92-2.95(1H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ152.4,152.1,147.7,144.0,142.1,138.4,136.6,129.4,129.2,127.2,126.5,124.8,121.7,121.2,121.1,120.8,67.1,54.0,47.1,36.7,36.2;LCMSm/z494.6078([M+H+],C23H22F3N3O4S分子量494.5061)。
实施例105
9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-醇(9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-4-ol)。向9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-酮(9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-4-one)(5.70g,26.6mmol)在乙醇(106mL)和THF(42mL)的溶液中缓慢加入硼氢化钠(4.02g,106mmol)。将反应混合物煮沸然后在80℃下搅拌10min,并在密闭容器中在室温(RT)下放置18h。混合物被倒入冰水中,用NH4Cl饱和水溶液处理,浓缩以除去乙醇(EtOH)和THF,用DCM萃取,浓缩以得到9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-醇(5.69g,99%)。1HNMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.39-7.38(1H,m),7.24-7.23(1H,m),7.20-7.17(2H,m),7.06(1H,d,J=5.4Hz),5.89-5.87(2H,m),3.34-3.30(1H,m),3.12-3.02(2H,m),2.97-2.92(1H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ145.1,140.3,139.2,136.7,129.5,129.1,127.6,126.5,125.3,121.9,69.4,31.1,29.1。
4-烯丙基-9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩(4-allyl-9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene)。向9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-醇(0.101g,0.481mmol)在干燥的DCM(1mL)中的0℃的溶液中加入烯丙基三甲基硅烷(allyltrimethylsilane)(0.109g,0.962mmol)和六水氯化铁(III)(0.007g,0.0.024mmol)。将混合物在室温下、氩气中搅拌30分钟。减压条件下除去溶剂,并将残余物通过快速色谱(SiO2,0%己烷中的乙酸乙酯为)进行纯化,以得到黄色油状的4-烯丙基-9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩(0.050g,43%)。
1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.23-7.13(4H,m),7.06-7.04(1H,m),6.85-6.84(1H,m),5.79-5.73(1H,m),5.03-4.98(2H,m),4.11(1H,t,J=7.8Hz),3.52-3.48(1H,m),3.29-3.25(1H,m),3.03-2.98(2H,m),2.81-2.77(2H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ142.3,140.2,137.7,130.6,130.1,129.7,127.0,126.4,121.2,116.3,48.8,42.5,33.4,29.1.
3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙烷-1,2-二醇(3-(9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-4-yl)propane-1,2-diol)。将4-烯丙基-9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩(0.025g,0.104mmol)、四氧化锇(0.012mL,0.001mmol,2.5%叔丁醇中)和N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(N-methylmorpholineN-oxide,0.013g,0.114mmol)在叔丁醇:水(0.5mL:1mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌14h。将反应混合物用固体亚硫酸氢钠处理1h,浓缩,用快速色谱法(SiO2,2%-10%甲醇-二氯甲烷)进行纯化,以得到3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙烷-1,2-二醇(0.027g,96%)。通过1HNMR分析测得非对映体的比值为1:1.2。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.24-7.15(4H,m),7.05-7.03(1H,m),1H[6.90(d,J=5.4Hz),6.86(d,J=4.8Hz)],1H[4.38(dd,J=10.2,4.2Hz),4.32-4.31(m)],1H[3.78-3.76(m),3.63(dd,J=10.3,3.0Hz)],3.52-3.37(3H,m),3.26-3.24(1H,m),2.96-2.92(2H,m),2.18-1.98(4H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ143.0,141.3,140.4,140.3,138.1,137.5,137.4,137.0,131.0,130.4,129.2,127.3,127.0,126.6,121.8,121.4,70.7,70.1,67.3,67.1,44.8,44.4,41.4,33.6,33.3,29.0;LCMSm/z275.1161([M+H+],C16H19O2S分子量275.3853)。
1-叠氮基-3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙-2-醇(1-azido-3-(9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-4-yl)propan-2-ol)。
在0℃下,在氩气氛围中,向3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙-1,2-二醇(2.50g,9.11mmol)和三乙胺(triethylamine)(2.50mL,18.2mmol)在DCM(9.0mL)的溶液中加入甲烷磺酰氯(methanesulfonylchloride)(1.48mL,0.843mmol)。将混合物在室温下搅拌21h。将反应混合物用1N的HCl处理,用DCM萃取,将有机层用盐水(brine)洗涤,浓缩,得到的残余物用快速色谱法(SiO2,25%-50%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进行纯化,以得到无需进一步纯化而直接送入下一步骤的粗3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)-2-羟丙基甲磺酸酯(0.429g)。
将3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)-2-羟丙基甲磺酸酯(0.429g,~1.22mmol)和叠氮化钠(0.095g,1.46mmol)在DMF(0.3mL)中的溶液在密闭容器中加热至70℃保持1h。将混合物冷却至25℃,加入盐水,用DCM萃取,在真空下浓缩,用快速色谱法(SiO2,10%-20%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进行纯化,以得到1-叠氮基-3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙-2-醇(0.204g,经过两步为8%)。通过1HNMR分析测得非对映体的比值为1:1.2。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.25-7.18(4H,m),7.08-7.06(1H,m),1H[6.91(d,J=5.4Hz),6.89(d,J=4.8Hz)],1H[4.41(dd,J=11.4,4.8Hz),4.33(d,J=9.6,6.6Hz)],1H[3.85-3.81(m),3.56-3.53(m)],3.51-3.35(2H,m),3.32-3.18(2H,m),2.98-2.93(2H,m),2.38-2.13(2H,m),2.10-2.04(1H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ142.9,141.0,140.4,140.3,137.8,137.7,137.5,136.7,130.9,130.5,130.4,130.3,129.2,127.5,127.4,127.1,126.6,121.9,121.6,69.3,68.7,57.7,57.5,44.7,44.4,42.6,33.6,33.3,29.0;LCMSm/z272.1137([M-N2+H+],C16H18NOS分子量272.3847)。
1-氨基-3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙-2-醇。将1-叠氮基-3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙-2-醇(0.153g,0.511mmol)在THF(1mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用PPh3(0.147g,0.562mmol)、H2O(0.055mL,3.06mmol)处理,并在室温下搅拌12h。将溶液浓缩为干燥状态,溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,用快速色谱法(SiO2,100%己烷,50%乙酸乙酯-己烷,5%,甲醇-二氯甲烷,17:2:1的二氯甲烷:甲醇:35%的氢氧化铵)进行纯化,以得到1-氨基-3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙-2-醇(0.109g,78%)。通过1HNMR分析测得非对映体的比值为1:1.2。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.27-7.25(1H,m),7.22-7.14(3H,m),7.04-7.02(1H,m),1H[6.94(d,J=5.4Hz),6.88(d,J=4.8Hz)],1H[4.43(dd,J=11.4,4.2Hz),4.36(dd,J=9.6,6.0Hz)],3.56-3.42(2H,m),3.28-3.24(1H,m),2.99-2.91(2H,m),1H[2.82(d,J=10.8Hz),2.69(d,J=10.8Hz)],2.53-2.46(1H,m),2.14-.05(1H,m),1.97-1.91(4H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ143.6,141.5,140.4,140.2,138.5,137.4,137.2,131.3,130.6,130.2,129.2,127.1,126.9,126.4,121.6,121.1,70.0,69.5,47.8,47.7,44.7,44.6,43.3,43.2,33.6,33.3,29.0;LCMSm/z274.2863([M+H+],C16H20NOS分子量274.4006)。
N-(3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)-2-羟丙基)-4-(三氟甲氧基)苯磺酰胺(N-(3-(9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-4-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzenesulfonamide)。将1-氨基-3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)丙-2-醇(0.041g,0.150mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(0.021mL,0.150mmol)和4-(三氟甲氧基)苯-1-磺酰氯(4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene-1-sulfonylchloride)(0.025mL,0.150mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至室温并搅拌18h。该混合物被分配在水(10mL)和CH2Cl2(10mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(30mL×3)以除去DMF,并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,20%-50%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进行纯化,以得到N-(3-(9,10-二氢-4H-苯并[4,5]芳庚并[1,2-b]噻吩-4-基)-2-羟丙基)-4-(三氟甲氧基)苯磺酰胺(105)(0.065g,88%)。通过1HNMR分析测得非对映体的比值为1:1.2。1HNMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ7.93-7.86(2H,m),7.42-7.37(2H,m),7.17-7.04(5H,m),1H[6.87(d,J=4.8Hz),6.81(d,J=5.4Hz)],1H[4.31(dd,J=11.4,3.6Hz),4.27(d,J=9.0,6.0Hz)],3.54-3.17(4H,m),2.93-2.78(5H,m),1H[2.49-2.20(m),2.17-2.13(m)],1.82-1.78(1H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,CD3OD)δ151.7,143.4,141.2,140.5,140.3,139.8,139.7,138.3,137.0,136.7,130.6,130.0,129.9,129.8,129.0,128.7,126.8,126.7,126.4,126.0,121.1,121.0,120.8,67.9,67.6,49.1,48.7,44.0,43.7,42.6,42.4,33.1,32.8,28.6;LCMSm/z498.1076([M+H+],C23H23F3NO4S2分子量498.5577)。
实施例106和107
(E)-5-(2-硝基苯乙烯基)嘧啶-4-胺((E)-5-(2-nitrostyryl)pyrimidin-4-amine)。将4-氨基嘧啶-5-甲醛(4-aminopyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde)(1.00g,8.12mmol)在DMF(10.0mL)中的溶液用甲醇钠(0.527g,9.75mmol)和二乙基2-硝基苄基膦酸盐(diethyl2-nitrobenzylphosphonate)(2.22g,8.12mmol)处理,并在25℃下搅拌过夜。将混合物倒入甲醇(100mL)中,并通过过滤收集形成的白色固体,以得到目标化合物(1.61g,82%)。1HNMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.40(1H,d,J=3.6Hz),8.34(1H,d,J=4.2Hz),8.03-8.04(1H,m),7.99-8.00(1H,m),7.75-7.77(1H,m),7.53-7.55(1H,m),7.37(1H,dd,J=15.6,3.6Hz),7.28(1H,dd,J=16.2,4.2Hz),7.16(2H,brs);13CNMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ160.7,157.7,151.9,147.8,133.4,131.9,128.7,128.6,125.6,124.5,124.3,113.5;LCMSm/z243.2593([M+H+],C12H10N4O2分子量243.2408)。
5-(2-氨基苯乙基)嘧啶-4-胺(5-(2-aminophenethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine)。将(E)-5-(2-硝基苯乙烯基)嘧啶-4-胺(1.61g,6.65mmol)在DMF:MeOH(1:1,10.0mL)中的溶液用10%的Pd/C(0.353g)处理,置于H2(g)气氛下,并在25℃下搅拌14h。混合物通过Celite过滤并在真空下浓缩。将残余物用水(50mL)处理并通过过滤收集形成的白色固体,以得到目标化合物(1.06g,74%)。1HNMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.22(1H,s),7.90(1H,s),6.93(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),6.89(1H,d,J=7.2,1.2Hz),6.69(4H,brs),6.61(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),6.48(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),2.65-2.68(2H,m),2.60-2.62(2H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ161.8,156.1,153.4,146.1,129.0,126.6,124.4,116.6,116.1,114.6,28.6,26.4;LCMSm/z215.2180([M+H+],C12H14N4O分子量215.1291)。
5-(2-氨基苯乙基)嘧啶-4-胺磷酸盐。将5-(2-氨基苯乙基)嘧啶-4-胺(1.06g,4.93mmol)在EtOH(10.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃并用磷酸(85%,0.67mL,9.86mmol)处理。将溶液加温至25℃并搅拌1h。通过过滤收集形成的白色固体以得到白色固态的目标化合物(1.91g,99%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ8.40(1H,s),7.76(1H,s),6.98(1H,td,J=7.8,1.8Hz),6.88(1H,dd,J=7.2,1.2Hz),6.74(1H,dd,J=7.8,0.6Hz),6.62(1H,td,J=7.8,1.2Hz),2.85-2.88(2H,m),2.80-2.83(2H,m)。
6,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂(6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[b]pyrimido[5,4-f]azepine)。将5-(2-氨基苯乙基)嘧啶-4-胺磷酸盐(7.72g,19.5mmol)在二甲苯(20mL)中的悬浮液加热至200℃保持2h。将混合物冷却至25℃并在碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液(200mL)和乙酸乙酯(200mL)之间分配。将有机相干燥(Na2SO4)并在真空下浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-50%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,在真空下浓缩,置于最少量的乙醚(diethylether)中悬浮,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到米黄色固态的目标化合物(3.26g,85%)。1HNMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.48(1H,s),8.17(1H,s),7.28(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.16(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),7.14(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),6.91(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),2.99-3.00(2H,m),2.88-2.90(2H,m);13CNMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ158.4,156.1,155.9,139.3,130.6,130.1,126.9,121.7,120.0,118.0,33.9,31.0;LCMSm/z198.1862([M+H+],C12H11N3分子量198.2432)。
2-(3-(5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(2-(3-(5H-benzo[b]pyrimido[5,4-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)propyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione)。将6,11-二氢-5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂(1.00g,5.07mmol)在DMF(10mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用NaH(60%,0.304g,7.60mmol)和N-(3-溴丙基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺(N-(3-bromopropyl)phthalimide)(2.04g,7.60mmol)处理。将溶液加温至25℃并搅拌14h。将混合物倒入NaCl饱和水溶液(100mL)中并用CH2Cl2(3×100mL)萃取。将合并的萃取物用NaCl饱和水溶液(3×100mL)洗涤、干燥(Na2SO4)并在真空下浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中并用快速色谱法(SiO2,0-75%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进行纯化,以得到褐色油状的目标化合物(1.60g,82%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.45(1H,s),8.09(1H,s),7.81(2H,dd,J=5.4,3.0Hz),7.70(2H,dd,J=5.4,2.4Hz),7.21(2H,d,J=3.6Hz),7.14(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.08-7.11(1H,m),4.27(2H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.71(2H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.13-3.15(2H,m),2.96-2.98(2H,m),2.06(2H,重复五次,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ168.5,159.9,157.4,155.5,144.6,138.6,134.1,132.3,128.7,127.3,125.6,123.9,123.4,119.6,48.3,36.1,33.7,31.6,27.6;LCMSm/z385.2550([M+H+],C23H20N4O2分子量385.1659)。
3-(5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙-1-胺(3-(5H-benzo[b]pyrimido[5,4-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)propan-1-amine)。将2-(3-(5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(1.60g,4.16mmol)在EtOH(10.0mL)中的溶液用NH2NH2-H2O(0.41mL,8.32mmol)处理并加热至90℃保持1h。将混合物冷却至25℃、过滤并在真空下干燥。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中并用快速色谱法(SiO2,17:2:1CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH)进行纯化。将纯化的部分浓缩,用甲苯共沸干燥,以得到米黄色油状的目标化合物(0.335g,32%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.60(1H,s)8.09(1H,s),7.23-7.24(2H,m),7.14(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.09-7.11(1H,m),4.27(2H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.04-3.06(2H,m),2.95-2.97(2H,m),2.71(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),1.79(2H,重复五次,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ160.1,157.3,155.6,144.8,138.5,128.5,127.3,125.5,124.1,119.5,48.5,40.0,33.7,32.4,31.6;LCMSm/z255.1636([M+H+],C15H18N4分子量255.1604)。
N-(3-(5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙基)-4-(三氟甲氧基)-苯磺酰胺(N-(3-(5H-benzo[b]pyrimido[5,4-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)propyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)-benzenesulfonamide)。将3-(5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙-1-胺(0.068g,0.267mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(37.0μL,0.267mmol)和4-三氟甲氧苯磺酰氯化物(45.0μL,0.267mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至25℃,并搅拌2h。该混合物被分配在饱和NaCl水溶液(50mL)和CH2Cl2(100mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×50mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-50%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,浓缩,并将残余物溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到白色固态的目标化合物(106)(0.0608g,48%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.61(1H,s),8.10(1H,s),7.84(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.30(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.21-7.24(1H,m),7.16(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.10-7.14(2H,m),5.79(1H,t,J=5.4Hz),4.16(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.01(2H,q,J=6.6Hz),2.92-2.96(4H,m),1.92(2H,重复五次,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ159.6,157.5,155.3,152.2,144.4,138.5,138.2,129.3,128.8,127.5,125.9,123.8,121.2,119.7,119.6,48.3,41.2,33.8,31.8,28.5;LCMSm/z479.2451([M+H+],C22H21F3N4O3S分子量479.1359)。
N-(3-(5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙基)-4-氯苯-磺酰胺(N-(3-(5H-benzo[b]pyrimido[5,4-f]azepin-11(6H)-yl)propyl)-4-chlorobenzene-sulfonamide)。将3-(5H-苯并[b]嘧啶并[5,4-f]氮杂-11(6H)-基)丙-1-胺(0.068g,0.267mmol)在DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液冷却至0℃,用Et3N(37.0μL,0.267mmol)和4-氯苯磺酰氯化物(0.056g,0.267mmol)处理。将所得混合物加温至25℃,并搅拌2h。该混合物被分配在饱和NaCl水溶液(50mL)和CH2Cl2(100mL)之间。将有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤(3×50mL),干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩。将残余物溶解于最少量的CH2Cl2中,并通过快速色谱法(SiO2,0-50%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进行纯化。合并纯化的部分,浓缩,并将残余物溶解于最少量的乙酸乙酯中,并通过加入已烷进行沉淀,以得到白色固态的目标化合物(107)(0.0647g,56%)。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.59(1H,s),8.10(1H,s),7.73(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.44(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.22(1H,td,J=7.8,1.8Hz),7.14(1H,d,J=8.4Hz),7.11-7.13(2H,m),5.75(1H,brs),4.14(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.00(2H,q,J=6.0Hz),2.93(4H,brs),1.92(2H,重复五次,J=6.6Hz);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ159.6,157.5,155.3,144.3,139.2,138.6,138.2,129.6,128.8,128.7,127.5,125.8,123.7,119.7,48.1,41.1,33.8,31.7,28.4;LCMSm/z429.1644([M+H+],C21H21ClN4O2S分子量429.1147)。
细胞活力的测定(IC50检测)
根据Denizot,F.和R.Lang,JournalofImmunologicalMethods,1986.89(22):p.271–277上记载的方法进行细胞活力的测定。将H1650肺癌细胞以每孔150,000个细胞分配于12孔板上。分配后二十四小时,按照描述将细胞用逐渐增加的药物浓度和对照进行处理。药物处理后四十八小时,将细胞用100μL的3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四唑溴化物(3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide,MTT)进行处理,并在37℃下温育2小时。然后将MTT溶液替换为300μL的丙醇并再次等分至96孔板中。使用96孔板读数器一式三份地在600nm处对每个溶液进行分光光度分析。结果如表1所示。在下表1中直至编号80的实例都取自2013年2月21日公布的PCTWO2013/025882。它们示出了具有三环骨架的化合物的生物活性。
表1细胞活力数据
菌落形成分析。该分析根据Sangodkaretal.JClinInvest2012;122:2637-51进行。
细胞培养和染色:针对A549luc和H292细胞,向6孔板的每个孔中各接种500个细胞,并在药物处理之前先允许其附着24小时。次日,将这些细胞用合适计量的药物或者等体积的DMSO(各条件下进行两个平行处理)进行处理。对于每种条件,在初始处理的四天之后将耗尽的培养基更换为含有相等药剂量的新鲜培养基。初始处理7天(A549luc)或8天(H292)之后收获细胞。简言之,将培养基从各孔中吸出,并将细胞用冰冷的PBS洗涤两次,然后板被置于室温下干燥4小时。将细胞在由10%甲醇和10%冰醋酸在蒸馏水中组成的固定液中固定1小时,然后在1%(w/v)的溶解于甲醇中的结晶紫中染色过夜。第二天,将染色溶液从孔中吸出并将板温和地用蒸馏水洗涤,以在菌落计数前除去过量的染色剂。将菌落在ChemiDocXRS+(Bio-Rad)上成像并将图片以8-bitTIFF文件输出。菌落用ImageJ中的ColonyCounter插件进行计数,并将菌落尺寸定义为4至400方形像素点且最小的圆设定为0.6。将平行孔取平均值以得到各个条件下的单个值。A549luc细胞的结果(菌落数)示于表2且H292细胞的结果(菌落数)示于表3:
表2
实例# | 5μM | 7.5μM | 10μM |
DMSO空白 | 146 | 159 | 161.5 |
30 | 116 | 111.5 | 67.5 |
60 | 126.5 | 118.5 | 56 |
74 | 135.5 | 118.5 | 96 |
75 | 133.5 | 105 | 63.5 |
73 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
表3
实例# | 5μM | 7.5μM | 10μM |
DMSO空白 | 111 | 108 | 120 |
30 | 95 | 74.5 | 61 |
60 | 107 | 105 | 42 |
74 | 85.5 | 65.5 | 46.5 |
75 | 109.5 | 80 | 47 |
73 | 40.5 | 16.5 | 7 |
体内癌症模型(Invivocancermodel)
体内肺癌模型在Politietal.,GenesDev.June1,200620:1496-1510中有记载。对EGFR-L858R/CCSP小鼠喂食强力霉素浸渍过的食物颗粒以诱导肿瘤形成。8-12周后,用Bruker4.7TBiospec扫描仪对小鼠成像以确认肺部结瘤的发育。在肿瘤确认后,将实例30的化合物用DMSO(Sigma)制备并每隔一天以100mg/kg进行i.p.给药两周。处理后,用MRI对小鼠再次成像,并对每张轴向照片用Osirix4.1.1通过可见的肺部不透明物体的存在计算得到处理前和处理后的肺体积。在两周的处理期内,DMSO对照动物表现出肿瘤体积20%的增长。在两周的处理期内,用实例30的化合物处理的动物表现出肿瘤体积60%的减小。
如上所述,CD4+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Tregs)对自身耐受性是必需的且对动物的同种异体移植的耐受性诱导是重要的。所需要用于治疗自体免疫和预防移植物排斥的免疫抑制药物(包括钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂(calcineurininhibitors))会非特异性抑制所有的T细胞,包括Treg。这种对Treg的药理学抑制作用阻止了,而不是促进了,同种异体移植的耐受性,使个体受制于长期免疫抑制的毒害,包括由于抗肿瘤免疫监管受阻而造成恶性肿瘤发展的风险增加。因此,对于患有免疫介导疾病(包括移植物排斥)的患者的护理,能够促进Treg诱导和功能并同时能预防恶性肿瘤的免疫抑制剂具有改革性。
经测试,实例30具有从原位CD4T细胞中诱导Treg的能力。这些实验表明,实例30在原位多细胞系中促进了Foxp3的上调,所述多细胞系用在共刺激阻断期间在体内刺激的TGFβ和TCR转基因T细胞进行了处理,且在抑制试验中被诱导的Treg功能性抑制了同种异体T细胞。将5万个CD原位细胞(CD62Lhi、CD25低、CD4阳性)与2ng/mLTGFβ、1ug/mL抗-CD3、100ng/mLIL-2一起进行温育,每孔50000APCs且化合物的浓度为10μM、5μM和2.5μM。将这些细胞温育3天,然后染色以研究CD4和Foxp3的表达。表达的结果随在对照(DMSO)孔(通常20-25%Foxp3+)中诱导的%而成倍增加。AKTi,一种小分子的AKT抑制剂,被用作阳性对照;它诱导了大约四倍的增加。氟哌啶醇(Haloperidol)被用作特异性对照;它没有诱导统计学上显著的增加。实例30表现出在2.5μM时iTregd的大于2倍的增加。实例27显示出在5μM时iTreg的2倍的增加。当TGFβ浓度降低时,实例30对iTreg诱导的效应增大。使用或不使用实例30诱导的iTreg的抑制试验的结果表现出相等的抑制能力,以在没有Treg的情况下诱导的最大增殖的%抑制表示。
为了测试临床相关的体内效应,BALB/c小鼠的心脏被移植到完全同种异体的B6受体中。而未经处理的动物以8天n=4的程度排斥它们的移植物,而用实例30以100mg/kgi.p.处理的小鼠的移植物持续了18天n=4,p<0.05vs对照,有统计学和临床上的显著效果。
Claims (40)
1.一种式(I)的化合物:
其中:
T为苯环或五元或六元的杂芳环;
U为苯环或五元或六元的杂芳环;
附带条件是T和U中至少一个是五元或六元的杂芳环;
X选自由:-S-、-(CH2-CH2)-和-CH=CH-组成的组中;
Y选自由:组成的组中;
A是附加在Y处作为螺环的3-6元的脂肪族碳环或杂环,并且A可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代;
R1、R2、R3和R4独立地选自由:H、卤素、-N3、-NR6R7、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)卤代烷基、–OR6、–C(O)R6、–OC(O)R6、–C(O)NR6R7、–C(O)OR6、–SR6、–SO2R6和–SO2NR6R7组成的组中;
R5为–(CR15R16)p-Qq-(CR15R16)n-p-Z或
R5a为=CR14(CR15R16)p-Qq-(CR15R16)m-p-Z;
Q选自-O-、-NR14-和
R6和R7各自独立地选自由:H和(C1-C6)烷基组成的组中;
R14为H或(C1-C3)烷基;
R15和R16,在每次出现时独立地选自H、OH、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基,(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基,或者,R14、R15和R16中的两个可以共同形成3-7元的杂环或非芳香碳环,其中,所述3-7元的碳环或杂环可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代;
m为1到3的整数;
n为2到4的整数;
p为0、1或2;
q为0或1;
t为0、1或2;
u为0、1或2,附带条件是当Y为时,u为2;
v为1、2或3;
附带条件是当q为0且R15和R16在所有情况下都为H时,n不为4;
Z选自由:-NHSO2R17,-NHC(O)NR8R9,-NHC(O)OR8,–S(O)2NR8R9,取代或未取代的环状氨基甲酸酯,取代或未取代的环脲、环状酰亚胺和氰基胍组成的组中;
R8和R9独立地选自H、取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基、取代或未取代的(C3-C7)环烷基和取代或未取代的(C5-C14)芳基;以及
R17选自苯基和单环杂芳基,所述苯基和单环杂芳基任选地被选自OH、卤素、氰基、硝基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)酰胺基、(C1-C3)烷基磺酰基、(C1-C3)烷硫基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物的结构式为
其中,W10、W11、W12和W13各自独立地选自N、CH和C-R3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物的结构式为
其中,W20、W21和W22各自独立地选自S、O、NH、CH和C-R3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,Z选自由-NHSO2R17、-NHC(O)NR8R9和-NHC(O)OR8组成的组中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的化合物,其中,Z为-NHSO2R17。
6.根据权利要求5所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中,Ar为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基。
7.根据权利要求6所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中,
W10、W11、W12和W13各自独立地选自N、CH和C-R3;
W20、W21和W22各自独立地选自S、O、NH、CH和C-R3;
R1和R3独立地选自由:H和卤素组成的组中;
以及
R2和R4为H。
8.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中,X为–CH=CH-或–CH2CH2-。
9.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中,p和q都是零,R15为H且R16选自H和OH。
10.根据权利要求9所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中:
R1和R3独立地选自由:H和卤素组成的组中;
以及
R2和R4为H。
11.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中,R15或R16两者共同形成3-7元的碳环或杂环B,其中,所述3-7元的碳环或杂环B可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中,
t为0、1或2;并且
Ar为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基。
12.根据权利要求11所述的化合物,其中,
(a)B为以下结构式所示的五元环:
其中,在该五元环中:
W1和W2均为-CH2-,或
W1和W2中一个为-O-且另一个为-CH2-,或
W1和W2中一个为-CH(OH)-且另一个为-CH2-,
并且一个CH2基团上的一个H被芳基磺酰胺取代;或
(b)B为以下结构式所示的六元环:
其中,在该六元环中:
W1、W2和W3均为-CH2-,或
W1、W2和W3中一个为-O-且另两个为-CH2-,或
W1、W2和W3中一个为-CH(OH)-且另两个为-CH2-,
并且一个CH2基团上的一个H被芳基磺酰胺取代。
13.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中,R15或R16两者共同形成3-7元的碳环或杂环B,其中,所述3-7元的碳环或杂环B可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中,
t为0、1或2;并且
Ar为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基。
14.根据权利要求13所述的化合物,其中,
(a)B为以下结构式所示的五元环:
其中,在该五元环中:
W1和W2均为-CH2-,或
W1和W2中一个为-O-且另一个为-CH2-,或
W1和W2中一个为-CH(OH)-且另一个为-CH2-,
并且一个CH2基团上的一个H被芳基磺酰胺取代;或
(b)B为以下结构式所示的六元环:
其中,在该六元环中:
W1、W2和W3均为-CH2-,或
W1、W2和W3中一个为-O-且另两个为-CH2-,或
W1、W2和W3中一个为-CH(OH)-且另两个为-CH2-,
并且一个CH2基团上的一个H被芳基磺酰胺取代。
15.根据权利要求7-14中任意一项所述的化合物,其中,Ar为苯基或噻吩基,任选地被选自(C1-C3)烷基、卤素、氰基、硝基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)烷基磺酰基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和乙酰氨基中的一种或两种取代基取代。
16.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中,Ar为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基,并且虚线表示任选的双键。
17.根据权利要求16所述的化合物,其中,R15或R16两者共同形成3-7元的碳环或杂环B,其中,所述3-7元的碳环或杂环B可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代,所述化合物的结构式为:
18.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,R14或R15两者共同形成3-7元的碳环或杂环B,其中,所述3-7元的碳环或杂环B可以另外地被选自OH、F、氰基、氨基、(C1-C3)烷基氨基、(C1-C3)二烷基氨基、(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷基、(C1-C3)卤代烷氧基和(C1-C3)烷氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中,
t为0、1或2;并且
Ar为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基。
19.根据权利要求18所述的化合物,其中,
(a)B为以下结构式所示的五元环:
其中:
W1和W2均为-CH2-;或
W1和W2中一个为-O-且另一个为-CH2-;或
W1和W2中一个为-CH(OH)-且另一个为-CH2-;或
(b)B为以下结构式所示的六元环:
其中:
W1、W2和W3均为-CH2-;或
W1、W2和W3中一个为-O-且另两个为-CH2-;或
W1、W2和W3中一个为-CH(OH)-且另两个为-CH2-。
20.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物的结构式为:
其中,Ar为取代或未取代的苯基、噻吩基、呋喃基或吡咯基,并且虚线表示任选的双键。
21.根据权利要求20所述的化合物,其中,
(a)A为五元环,所述化合物具有结构式:
或
(b)A为六元环,所述化合物具有结构式:
22.根据权利要求20所述的化合物,其中,
(a)A为四氢呋喃,所述化合物具有结构式:
或
(b)A为四氢吡喃,所述化合物具有结构式:
23.根据权利要求3所述的化合物的结构式为:
24.根据权利要求1-5、11-14、18、19或23中任意一项所述的化合物,其中,t为零。
25.根据权利要求2或7-14中任意一项所述的化合物,其中,W10、W11、W12和W13中一个为N,其余三个为CH。
26.根据权利要求2或7-14中任意一项所述的化合物,其中,W10、W11、W12和W13中两个为N,其余两个为CH。
27.根据权利要求3或7-14中任意一项所述的化合物,其中,W20、W21和W22中一个为S,其余两个为CH。
28.根据权利要求6-14或16-23中任意一项所述的化合物,其中,Ar为苯基或噻吩基,任选地被选自甲基、卤素、氰基、硝基、三氟甲基、甲基磺酰基、三氟甲氧基和乙酰氨基中的一种或两种取代基取代。
29.根据权利要求28所述的化合物,其中,Ar为苯基,任选地在3、4或5号位被选自甲基、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基和三氟甲氧基中的一种或两种取代基取代;
R1和R3独立地选自由H和卤素组成的组中;
以及
R2和R4为H。
30.权利要求1-14或16-23中任意一项所述的化合物在医药中的应用。
31.权利要求1-14或16-23中任意一项所述的化合物在治疗选自以下疾病中的应用:
(a)癌症
(b)糖尿病
(c)自体免疫性疾病
(d)年龄引发蛋白质毒性疾病
(e)情绪失调
(f)寻常痤疮
(g)实体器官移植排斥反应;
(h)移植物抗宿主病;和
(i)心脏肥大。
32.根据权利要求31所述的治疗癌症的应用,其中,所述癌症选自由:卵巢癌、胰腺癌、肾细胞癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、肝细胞癌、神经胶质瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤、结直肠癌和肉瘤组成的组中。
33.根据权利要求32所述的应用,其中,该方法进一步包括给药一种或多种癌症化疗剂。
34.根据权利要求33所述的应用,其中,所述一种或多种癌症化疗剂为EGFR抑制剂。
35.根据权利要求34所述的应用,其中,所述化疗剂为埃罗替尼或吉非替尼。
36.权利要求1-14或16-23中任意一项所述的化合物在癌症治疗中恢复对一种或多种化疗剂的敏感性中的应用。
37.根据权利要求31所述的治疗年龄引发蛋白质毒性疾病的应用,其中,所述疾病选自由:阿尔茨海默病、帕金森氏病、亨廷顿病和肌萎缩性侧索硬化症组成的组中。
38.根据权利要求31所述的治疗移植物抗宿主病的应用。
39.根据权利要求31所述的治疗自体免疫性疾病的应用,其中,所述疾病为炎症性肠病。
40.一种药物组合物,包括药学上可接受的载体和根据权利要求1-14或16-23中任意一项所述的化合物。
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US9937180B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 | 2018-04-10 | Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai | Constrained tricyclic sulfonamides |
WO2017044567A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-16 | Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai | Heterocyclic constrained tricyclic sulfonamides as anti-cancer agents |
WO2017044575A1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-16 | Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai | Constrained benzhydryl sulfonamides as anticancer and neuroprotective agents |
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Application publication date: 20151118 |