CN105071198A - Device for eliminating wave front distortion of laser gain module caused by window deformation - Google Patents
Device for eliminating wave front distortion of laser gain module caused by window deformation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a technical scheme of a device for eliminating the wave front distortion of a laser gain module caused by a window deformation and a method. The device comprises a laser gain module, a refractive index matching fluid, an outer window and a first mechanical fastener. The laser gain module comprises laser gain mediums, a second mechanical fastener and an inner window. Both the laser gain medium and the inner window are fixed to the second mechanical fastener. Cooling liquids are arranged between the inner window and the laser gain medium and between the laser gain mediums. The first mechanical fastener is arranged at the outer side of the laser gain module. The outer window is arranged on the first mechanical fastener. The refractive index matching fluid is arranged between the outer window and the laser gain module. According to the scheme, the wave front distortion caused by an inner window deformation can be effectively eliminated.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is laser module aberration technology for eliminating, especially a kind of device and method eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped.
Background technology
High Energy Solid-state Lasers has important application in medical treatment, industry and military field.But laser operationally can produce a large amount of used heat, these used heat often induce many thermal effects, such as thermal lensing effect, thermal birefringence effect and thermal stress etc., these thermal effects limit the further lifting of laser power to a great extent and cause the severe exacerbation of beam quality.Therefore the heat management of solid state laser is aobvious particularly important of laser technology field.There is many novel apparatus structures in recent years, for realizing the heat management to laser, having improved the heat-sinking capability of laser.
Direct liquid cooling solid state laser is exactly a kind of laser that can realize than more efficient, heat radiation in time occurred under such overall background.This kind of laser is made up of gain module, pumping source, resonant cavity usually; Gain module is usually by wide-aperture gain media, and cooling fluid, individual layer window and mechanical fixed part form.The parallel placement of multi-disc gain media, is full of liquid between medium and medium, and usual cooling fluid takes away the used heat of crystal generation with the flowing of certain speed, and gain module two ends are by window aperture seal.It is advantageous that gain media is immersed in cooling fluid completely, cooling fluid passes through external circulating device, take away rapidly the waste heat of gain medium facet, well realize heat management, simultaneously gain media being serially connected of several pieces and even tens of can form a gain module with cooling fluid jointly, and whole gain module volume can be very little.Simultaneously due to laser be transmission-type by whole gain module, avoid the surface deformation brought when conventional solid gain media (thin slice, lath) is welded to cooler, and the problems such as the optical axis drift brought due to reflective extraction.
As mentioned before, owing to being transmission-type module, by by the fluid between the every a slice gain media in whole gain module and gain media and window when laser runs, and gain media both sides is cooling fluid filling, therefore, even if crystal produces certain deformation when clamping, the refractive index due to cooling fluid select and the refractive index of crystal usual relatively, light by distortion crystal and cooling fluid after optical path difference substantially do not change, therefore can not cause the wavefront distortion of whole module.These are different from the window of gain module, and be cooling fluid and skin directly contacts with air in window, therefore window generation deformation will directly cause laser no longer identical by optical path difference after module, i.e. so-called module generation wavefront distortion.Such as, when cooling fluid is in module during flow at high speed, sphere is become by plane because module window bears very large pressure, now whole module class is similar to convex lens, liquid, gain media and window inside lens, this three's refractive index can regard equal as substantially, and outside is air, and its refractive index is much smaller than above-mentioned three kinds of objects.Very large out of focus and spherical aberration phase place can be added when laser to be similar to the module of lens by this type of.Laser gain module that Here it is because of window deformation cause the origin cause of formation of wavefront distortion.
Cause the factor of window deformation usually to have two kinds, first clamping stress causes, and two to be liquid also can cause window deformation when flowing because window bears very large pressure for it.These deformation produce very large wavefront distortion by causing direct liquid cooling solid laser module, affect the output of laser power.Under laser works state, the module wavefront distortion that window-shaped alters even can reach heat causes wavefront distortion degree to module sometimes.Particularly laser is under unsteady cavity mode of operation, and it is very important especially on the impact of beam quality.
In sum, how to weaken that even to eliminate the wavefront distortion that laser gain module causes because of window deformation most important.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, be exactly for the deficiency existing for prior art, and a kind of technical scheme eliminating the device and method of the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped is provided, the program effectively can eliminate the wavefront distortion that interior window deformation causes.
This programme is achieved by the following technical measures:
Eliminate a device for the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped, include laser gain module, index-matching fluid, outer window, the first mechanical fixed part; Laser gain module includes gain medium, the second mechanical fixed part and interior window; Gain medium and interior window are fixed on the second mechanical fixed part; Space between interior window and gain medium is filled with cooling fluid; First mechanical fixed part is arranged on the outside of laser gain module; Outer window is arranged on the first mechanical fixed part; Index-matching fluid is filled with between outer window and laser gain module.
Preferred as this programme: outer window is cohered on the first mechanical fixed part by glue.
Preferred as this programme: the transverse direction of outer window is led to the transverse direction that light size is greater than interior window and led to light size.
Preferred as this programme: gain medium is Nd:YAG crystal or Nd:YLF crystal.
Preferred as this programme: cooling fluid is water or heavy water or carbon tetrachloride liquid; Described gain medium is immersed in cooling fluid, and cooling fluid flows through gain medium surface.
Eliminate a method for the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped, comprise the following steps:
Step one, choose outer window, the horizontal clear aperture of outer window is greater than the horizontal clear aperture of interior window, so that guarantee can by outer window by the laser of interior window;
Step 2, with glue, outer window is cohered on the first mechanical fixed part;
Step 3, cooling fluid injected space between gain medium and interior window, and make cooling fluid keep circulating;
Step 4, index-matching fluid is injected the space between outer window and interior window.
Preferred as this programme: the refractive index of index-matching fluid is n1, and the refractive index of cooling fluid is n2, and the refractive index of interior window is n3, and the refractive index of air is n4, | n1-n2| < n2-n4.
Preferred as this programme: n1=n2=n3.
Preferred as this programme: cooling fluid is water or heavy water or carbon tetrachloride liquid.
The beneficial effect of this programme can be learnt according to describing of such scheme, because the connection in this scenario between outer window and the first mechanical fixed part adopts glue adhesion, deformation can not be there is in outer window because of clamping stress, simultaneously because matching fluid in outer window does not flow, inner without pressure, outer window can not be caused to be out of shape.Be filled with index-matching fluid between window and interior window outside simultaneously, and the refractive index of index-matching fluid is n1, the refractive index of cooling fluid is n2, the refractive index of interior window is n3, when | during n1-n2| < n2-n4, even if interior window generation deformation, wavefront distortion can partly be eliminated; As n1=n2=n3, wavefront distortion can be eliminated completely.
As can be seen here, the present invention compared with prior art, has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and progress significantly, and its beneficial effect implemented also is apparent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional direct liquid cooling solid state laser gain module device;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of direct liquid cooling solid state laser gain module device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of traditional direct liquid cooling solid state laser list gain media dual channel gain module device;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of direct liquid cooling solid state laser list gain media dual channel gain module device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is wavefront measurements when cooling fluid is static in traditional direct liquid cooling solid state laser list gain media dual channel gain module device window;
Fig. 6 is wavefront measurements when cooling fluid is static in direct liquid cooling solid state laser list gain media dual channel gain module device window of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is wavefront measurements when cooling fluid mean flow rate is 6m/s in traditional direct liquid cooling solid state laser list gain media dual channel gain module device window;
Fig. 8 is wavefront measurements when cooling fluid mean flow rate is 6m/s in direct liquid cooling solid state laser list gain media dual channel gain module device window of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is laser gain module, and 2 is index-matching fluid, and 3 is outer window, and 4 is glue, and 5 is the first mechanical fixed part, and 6 is the second mechanical fixed part, and 7 is gain medium, and 8 is cooling fluid, and 9 is interior window.
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Arbitrary feature disclosed in this specification (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics.
As shown in Figure 1, be traditional direct liquid cooling solid state laser gain module (1), comprise the second mechanical fixed part (6), gain medium (7), cooling fluid (8), interior window (9).Gain medium (7) is immersed in cooling fluid (8) completely, cooling fluid (8) is taken away by the heat of outer circulation by gain medium (7) surface, second mechanical fixed part (6) is mainly used in fixed laser gain media (7) and interior window (9), and guarantees the spacing between gain medium (7) and gain medium (7) and the spacing between gain medium (7) and interior window (9).The thickness of runner and the thickness of cooling fluid are determined according to the pump power of reality and pump mode, can from micron dimension to centimetres.In traditional gain module, because mechanical clamping stress and cooling fluid flow fast, gain module internal pressure is larger, and as window (9) interior in Fig. 1 there occurs distortion, gain module is similar to a thick lens.When laser is by this gain module, will distort before laser wave.
As shown in Figure 2, be the device eliminating the wavefront distortion that direct liquid cooling laser gain module window causes because of deformation of the present invention.Comprise solid state laser gain module (1), index-matching fluid (2), outer window (3), glue (4), the first mechanical fixed part (5).Gain module (1) is identical with laser gain module traditional in Fig. 1 (1), comprises the second mechanical fixed part (6), gain medium (7), cooling fluid (8), interior window (9).As mentioned before, traditional gain module, can there is deformation in interior window, cause wavefront distortion.The present invention is at the additional outer window of interior window, index-matching fluid is loaded between two windows, matching fluid refractive index is n1, and cooling fluid refractive index is n2, and interior window refractive index is n3, air refraction is n4, the refractive index of matching fluid need meet some requirements, and in theory when refractive index meets n1=n2=n3, the wavefront distortion that window deformation causes can be eliminated completely, when meeting | during n1-n2| < n2-n4, wavefront distortion can partly be eliminated.Gain media is immersed in cooling liquid completely, cooling fluid is taken away by the heat of outer circulation by gain medium facet, second mechanical fixed part is mainly used in fixed gain medium and interior window, and guarantees the spacing between gain media and gain media and the spacing between gain media and interior window.Because mechanical clamping stress and cooling fluid flow fast, gain module internal pressure is larger, thus causes the distortion of interior window, and gain module is similar to a thick lens.But owing to adding outer window and matching fluid, be no longer air outside interior window, when meeting above-mentioned index matching condition, when laser is by whole device, will no longer include wavefront distortion or wavefront distortion will part elimination.
A kind of method eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped comprises the steps:
1) selective refraction rate matching fluid, matching fluid refractive index is n1, cooling fluid refractive index is n2, interior window refractive index is n3, and air refraction is n4, and the refractive index of matching fluid need meet some requirements, in theory when refractive index meets n1=n2=n3, the wavefront distortion that window deformation causes can be eliminated completely, when meeting | and during n1-n2| < n2-n4, wavefront distortion can partly be eliminated;
2) choose outer window, the horizontal clear aperture of outer window is greater than interior window, so that guarantee can by outer window by the laser of interior window.And the connection between outer window and mechanical parts adopts glue, thus outer window-shaped is caused to become when avoiding outer window and mechanical parts clamping.
A kind of devices and methods therefor eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module causes because of window deformation of the present invention is introduced below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, it is the laser gain module of a dual channel list gain media, centre is monolithic laser gain media (7), both sides are cooling fluid (8), gate thickness is 0.5mm, crystal thickness is 2mm, and be interior window (9) outside runner, cooling fluid have employed deionized water.Laser gain module does not carry out pumping, and namely context data all records in the situation of cold flow field.When being illustrated in figure 5 that liquid is static not to flow, gain module wavefront distortion distribution map, now because cooling fluid does not flow, causes the main cause of wavefront distortion to be the window distortion that clamping stress causes.Now recording wavefront peak-to-valley value (pv) is 7.50 μm, and root-mean-square value (RMS) is 1.35 μm.When Figure 7 shows that liquid flow, gain module wavefront distortion distribution map, flow velocity is 6m/s.In this figure, when we are static using cooling fluid, the wavefront distortion of gain module deducts as background.Namely the wavefront distortion that obtains is measured completely because liquid flow itself and fluid pressure cause window deformation to cause.And liquid is not when being heated, the amount of distortion mainly high fdrequency component that itself flowing causes wavefront, and also very little, RMS is less than 0.1 μm, negligible.So the wavefront distortion of Fig. 7 can be thought cause interior window to bear very large pressure because cooling fluid flows fast thus produce deformation, its PV value is 7.66 μm, and RMS is 1.76 μm.
In a specific embodiment, have employed device as shown in Figure 4.Gain module (1) is identical with Fig. 3, an outer window has been added outside gain module, be the matching fluid (3) that 0.5mm is thick outside between window and interior window, matching fluid (3) and cooling fluid (8) all have employed deionized water.As shown in Figure 6, be apparatus of the present invention, liquid is static when not flowing, and module wavefront distortion, just the same when measuring state and Fig. 5 measure, the wavefront PV recorded is 1.97 μm, and RMS is 0.43 μm.As shown in Figure 8, be apparatus of the present invention, just the same when measuring state and Fig. 7 measure, measured wavefront distribution map, wavefront PV is 0.24 μm, and RMS is 0.03 μm.
As can be seen from Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, adopt device of the present invention, gain module because of clamping stress cause in window distortion thus the wavefront distortion caused be under control to a great extent.Wavefront PV value has been reduced to 1.97 μm from 7.50 μm, and wavefront RMS values has been reduced to 0.43 μm from 1.35 μm.Can find out with reason Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, because of coolant pressure cause in window deformation and the wavefront distortion caused also significantly be eliminated, when flow velocity is 6m/s, wavefront PV value has been reduced to 0.24 μm from 7.66 μm, and wavefront RMS values has been reduced to 0.03 μm from 1.76 μm.From above-mentioned experimental result, apparatus of the present invention are highly effective eliminating laser gain module because window is out of shape the wavefront distortion caused.But in two kinds of situations, wavefront distortion is not all eliminated completely, main cause is the refractive index of water is 1.33, and the refractive index of interior window to be 1.45, two kinds of refractive indexes incomplete same causes.
Claims (9)
1. eliminate a device for the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped, it is characterized in that: include laser gain module, index-matching fluid, outer window, the first mechanical fixed part; Described laser gain module includes gain medium, the second mechanical fixed part and interior window; Described gain medium and interior window are fixed on the second mechanical fixed part; Space between described interior window and gain medium and between gain medium and gain medium is filled with cooling fluid; Described first mechanical fixed part is arranged on the outside of laser gain module; Described outer window is arranged on the first mechanical fixed part; Index-matching fluid is filled with between described outer window and laser gain module.
2. a kind of device eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described outer window is cohered on the first mechanical fixed part by glue.
3. a kind of device eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the transverse direction of described outer window is led to the transverse direction that light size is greater than interior window and led to light size.
4. a kind of device eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described gain medium is Nd:YAG crystal or Nd:YLF crystal.
5. a kind of device eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cooling fluid is water or heavy water or carbon tetrachloride liquid; Described gain medium is immersed in cooling fluid, and cooling fluid flows through gain medium surface.
6. eliminate a method for the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step one, choose outer window, the horizontal clear aperture of outer window is greater than the horizontal clear aperture of interior window, so that guarantee can by outer window by the laser of interior window;
Step 2, with glue, outer window is cohered on the first mechanical fixed part;
Step 3, cooling fluid injected gain medium and interior window and the space between gain medium and gain medium, and make cooling fluid keep circulating;
Step 4, index-matching fluid is injected the space between outer window and interior window.
7. a kind of method eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the refractive index of described index-matching fluid is n1, the refractive index of cooling fluid is n2, the refractive index of interior window is n3, the refractive index of air is n4, | n1-n2| < n2-n4.
8. a kind of method eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described n1=n2=n3.
9. a kind of method eliminating the wavefront distortion that laser gain module alters because of window-shaped according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described cooling fluid is water or heavy water or carbon tetrachloride liquid.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN109470449A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-03-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser gain module key performance test device |
| CN109683306A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | It is a kind of for overcoming the wavefront control method of thermal lensing effect |
| CN110086070A (en) * | 2019-05-19 | 2019-08-02 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of high pumping absorbs, the novel sheet laser structure of high-power output |
| CN110444999A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Laser cooling fluids, laser and Q-regulating method based on stimulated Brillouin scattering |
| CN110854661A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2020-02-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Wavefront improvement method and system for end-pump slab solid-state laser |
| CN111244732A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-05 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Liquid/gas cooling thin-chip laser, gain module and wave front distortion self-compensation method |
| CN111431019A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Double-sided conduction cooling multi-slice laser head |
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| CN109470449A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-03-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser gain module key performance test device |
| CN109683306A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | It is a kind of for overcoming the wavefront control method of thermal lensing effect |
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| CN110854661A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2020-02-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Wavefront improvement method and system for end-pump slab solid-state laser |
| CN111244732A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-05 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Liquid/gas cooling thin-chip laser, gain module and wave front distortion self-compensation method |
| CN111431019A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Double-sided conduction cooling multi-slice laser head |
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