CN105070921B - Integrated fuel cell electrode employing cascade flow field distribution and preparation method of integrated fuel cell electrode - Google Patents
Integrated fuel cell electrode employing cascade flow field distribution and preparation method of integrated fuel cell electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN105070921B CN105070921B CN201510438357.2A CN201510438357A CN105070921B CN 105070921 B CN105070921 B CN 105070921B CN 201510438357 A CN201510438357 A CN 201510438357A CN 105070921 B CN105070921 B CN 105070921B
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- level
- passage
- fuel
- flow field
- catalyst
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated fuel cell electrode employing cascade flow field distribution and a preparation method of the integrated fuel cell electrode, and belongs to the field of fuel cells. The preparation method comprises an optimal design of a fuel cavity structure, so that integration of a cavity, a collector plate, a diffusion layer and a catalyst layer is realized. The method particularly comprises designing of various levels of channels and fabrication of a thin catalyst layer; and the fuel cavity is rapidly printed and molded by a conductive three-dimensional (3D) printing material. Four levels of channels are sequentially distributed in the integrated fuel cell electrode employing cascade flow field distribution; when fuel flows through the first level channel of the fuel cavity, the fuel passes through the second level of channel in cascade distribution, and then infiltrates into the third level of channel; meanwhile, a compact fourth level of channel is also arranged in the third level of channel, so that the fuel evenly permeates in the whole electrode; the catalytic activity surface area is greatly increased; the discharge current which is higher than that of the traditional electrode can be provided; the design of the cascade flow field distribution is beneficial to flowing and infiltration of the fuel; and according to the overall design scheme, the electrode is relatively compact in structure and relatively excellent in performance.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to fuel cell field, and in particular to a kind of integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution and
Its preparation method.
【Background technology】
Many advantages, such as fuel cell has environmental protection, efficient, startup is fast, receives significant attention.Traditional fuel cell its
Structure is fuel cavity, collector plate, diffusion layer and Catalytic Layer close-packed arrays successively, this fuel cavity, collector plate, diffusion layer and
The detached arrangement of Catalytic Layer so that the size of battery is bigger than normal, assembling sealing are numerous and diverse, the transport resistance increase of fuel, so as to
Reduce the performance of battery.Can solve the problems, such as that mass transfer difficulty, structure be not compact by optimizing electrode structure and cavity body structure,
So as to improve the efficiency of battery.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, there is provided a kind of integration of flow field terraced distribution
Distribution in fuel cell electrode and preparation method thereof, the fuel cell electrode compact overall structure, small volume, whole fuel cavity body
Level Four fuel channel, the design of whole step passage greatly expands chemical reactivity area, while making fuel mass transfer
Resistance reduces, and the performance of electrode is more superior.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions and is achieved：
A kind of integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution, including columned fuel cavity, and insertion combustion
One-level passage in the middle part of material cavity, connects the secondary passage that step expands from inside to outside, the side of fuel cavity on one-level passage
Arrange
The level Four passage of area；The surface attachment of level Four passage has film catalyst layer.
The present invention is further improved by：
The fuel cavity is made through 3D printing using conductive 3D printing material.
The secondary passage converges at the one-level passage in the middle part of insertion fuel cavity.
The film catalyst layer includes coating the surface with one-level passage, secondary passage, three-level passage and level Four passage
Catalyst granules and ionomer.
The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution, including it is following
Step：
1) modeled by 3 d modeling software, columned fuel cavity is completed by 3D printing using conductive 3D printing material
The making of body；Run through one-level passage in the middle part of fuel cavity, on one-level passage, connect the secondary passage that step expands from inside to outside, combustion
The side of material cavity arranges some honeycomb structures as three-level passage of dense distribution, arranges some for increasing in honeycomb structure
The level Four passage of big catalytically active surface product；
2) the fuel cavity made is immersed in catalyst mixed solution, makes attached catalyst on the wall of level Four passage
Mixed solution, then dries, and forms film catalyst layer；Wherein, catalyst mixed solution is 1.0～4.0mgcm by carrying capacity-2's
Catalyst granules is dispersed in dispersant with the ionomer that mass percent is 5～50% to be made.
The step 2) in, catalyst granules is using Pd base catalyst, Pt base catalyst, Fe base catalyst, the catalysis of Co bases
Agent or Ni base catalyst；Ionomer adopts sulfonic acid group base ionomer or Ji An groups base ionomer；Dispersion
Agent adopts ethanol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) one-level passage in the present invention, secondary passage, three-level passage, the structure such as level Four passage, optimize fuel cavity
Structure, be significantly greatly increased catalytically active surface product, reduced resistance to mass tranfer.
(2) cellular structures of the invention, which is both as supporting layer and collector plate, and conduct contains fuel and generation
The place of reaction, Kong Yukong are mutually communicated composition three-level passage, are dispersed with level Four passage, further on the basis of three-level passage
Increase catalytically active surface product.
(3) secondary passage of the invention, with one-level channel connection, its terraced distribution is conducive to fuel flowing, supplementary in time
The fuel that reaction is consumed, discharges reaction garbage.
(4) integrative-structure of fuel cavity of the invention, collector plate, diffusion layer and Catalytic Layer, breaches traditional fuel
The detached design of battery compartment, collector plate, Catalytic Layer and diffusion layer so that whole electrode structure is compacter, and volume is more
It is little.
(5) fuel cavity of the present invention adopts 3D printing technique and conductive 3D printing material, solves because fuel cavity body structure is multiple
The problem of miscellaneous, small volume not easy processing, can easily realize mass and integrated molding, be conducive to the market of mature technology to push away
Extensively, while having the effect of afflux using cavity made by conductive 3D materials.
(6) three-dimensional appearance of the invention, arbitrarily can change according to actual needs.
【Description of the drawings】
The integrated fuel battery electrode enlarged axonometric map of Fig. 1 flow fields terraced distribution.
Fig. 2 fuel cavity radial direction cross-sectional schematics.
Fig. 3 level Four passage and film catalyst layer microstructure schematic diagram.
Wherein：1 is the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution；2 is fuel cavity；3 is one-level passage；4 are
Honeycomb structure；5 is secondary passage；6 is three-level passage；7 is level Four passage；8 is film catalyst layer；9 is catalyst granules；10 are
Ionomer.
【Specific embodiment】
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail：
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the present invention includes the one-level in the middle part of columned fuel cavity 2, and insertion fuel cavity 2
Passage 3, fuel cavity 2 are made through 3D printing using conductive 3D printing material.Connect step from inside to outside to expand on one-level passage 3
Big secondary passage 5, secondary passage 5 converge at the one-level passage 3 in the middle part of insertion fuel cavity 2；The side of fuel cavity 2 is arranged
Some honeycomb structures 4 as three-level passage 6 of dense distribution, arrange some for increasing catalysis activity table in honeycomb structure 4
The level Four passage 7 of area；The surface attachment of level Four passage 7 has film catalyst layer 8.Film catalyst layer 8 includes that coating is led to one-level
The catalyst granules 9 and ionomer 10 on the surface of road 3, secondary passage 5, three-level passage 6 and level Four passage 7.
A kind of preparation method of the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution, comprises the following steps：
1) modeled by 3 d modeling software, columned fuel cavity is completed by 3D printing using conductive 3D printing material
The making of body 2；Run through one-level passage 3 in the middle part of fuel cavity 2, two grades that step expansion from inside to outside is connected on one-level passage 3 lead to
Road 5, the side of fuel cavity 2 arrange some honeycomb structures 4 as three-level passage 6 of dense distribution, arrange in honeycomb structure 4
Some level Four passages 7 for increasing catalytically active surface product；
2) the fuel cavity 2 made is immersed in catalyst mixed solution, makes attachment catalysis on the wall of level Four passage 7
Agent mixed solution, then dries, and forms film catalyst layer 8.Wherein, catalyst mixed solution is 1.0～4.0mg by carrying capacity
cm-2Catalyst granules dispersed in dispersant with the ionomer that mass percent is 5～50% make.Catalyst
Granule adopts Pd base catalyst, Pt base catalyst, Fe base catalyst, Co bases catalyst or Ni base catalyst；Ionomer is adopted
With sulfonic acid group base ionomer or Ji An groups base ionomer；Dispersant adopts ethanol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran.
The operation principle of the present invention：
Fuel cavity, collector plate, diffusion layer and Catalytic Layer are integrated by the present invention using new design, to obtaining
Obtain greater compactness of structure.Simultaneously the structure of fuel cavity is optimized：Fuel cavity internal body portion cloth level Four fuel channel, bag
Gradient flow field i.e. secondary passage each secondary passage for including that ecto-entad constantly expands converges in the middle part of insertion fuel cavity one
Level passage, the wall periphery of secondary passage derive intensive cellular aperture, and composition three-level passage is mutually communicated between Kong Yukong,
Level Four passage is dispersed with each hole also.Such step passage design can increase catalytically active surface product, to a great extent
Upper reduction resistance to mass tranfer, makes the fuel in whole electrode flow in time replacing, while being conducive to discharging the garbage that reaction is produced.
Three-level passage, level Four passage in the cavity both as supporting layer and collector plate, and as containing fuel and the field that reacts
Institute.Due to fuel cavity complex structure, can be after 3 d modeling software be modeled using conductive 3D printing material application 3D printing
Technology completes the printing of model.It is last that efficient catalytic is adhered to by modes such as infiltrations on the wall of passages at different levels in fuel cavity
Agent granule, completes the making of the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail, implementation below is mainly used in the explanation present invention, but
The scope of the invention is not limited.
As shown in figure 1, for the integrated fuel battery electrode 1 of flow field terraced distribution, including fuel cavity 2, one-level passage
3, the gradient flow field that ecto-entad constantly expands is secondary passage, and each secondary passage converges in the middle part of insertion fuel cavity
Level passage, the wall periphery of secondary passage derives intensive cellular aperture, is mutually communicated composition between Kong Yukong in cavity
Three-level passage 6, level Four passage is also dispersed with each hole.Said structure can effectively increase catalytically active surface product, reduce and pass
Matter resistance.
As shown in Fig. 2 fuel cavity 2 includes one-level passage 3, the secondary passage 5 that the continuous step of ecto-entad expands is intensive
The three-level passage 6 that constitutes of honeycomb structure 4, concrete structure secondary passage 5 for cavity stepped part cloth, each secondary passage
5 gather in one-level passage 3, and the wall periphery of secondary passage 5 derives intensive three-level passage 6, wherein level Four passage 7 is dispersed with,
The honeycomb structure of three-level passage is mutually communicated in all directions, in order to illustrate its microstructure, Fig. 2 only to represent axially distributed
Three-level passage 6 structure, other directions are as being radially similar to therewith.The design can effectively increase catalytically active surface product,
Reduce resistance to mass tranfer, make the performance of fuel cell electrode more superior.Due to the complexity of 2 structure of fuel cavity, using three-dimensional
Modeling software carries out 3D printing using conductive 3D printing material after building model, and conductive material has the effect of afflux, works as fuel
During by the one-level passage 3 of fuel cavity 2, fuel will flow through the secondary passage 5 in terraced distribution, then penetrate into three-level passage
6, uniformly spread in whole electrode.
As shown in figure 3,8 microstructure schematic diagram of level Four passage 7 and film catalyst layer, including level Four passage 7, catalyst particles
Grain 9, ionomer 10.The film catalyst layer 8 of the level Four passage 7 is attached to, its manufacturing process is, by the fuel cavity
The catalyst mixed solution that 2 immersions are prepared, adheres to the mixture, then dries on the wall for making level Four passage 7, form thin film
Catalytic Layer 8, completes the making of the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution.
The present invention is attached to the film catalyst layer 8 of one-level passage 3, secondary passage 5, three-level passage 6 and level Four passage 7,
Realize the combination of fuel cavity, collector plate, diffusion layer and Catalytic Layer.The integrated fuel battery electrode 1 of flow field terraced distribution
The three-level passage 6 that constitutes of honeycomb structure 4, can not only be used for the passage of fuel transmission, can simultaneously serve as containing fuel and generation
The place of reaction.The manufacturing process of the film catalyst layer 8 being attached on 7 wall of level Four passage is that fuel cavity 2 is immersed preparation
Good catalyst mixed solution, makes to adhere to the mixture on 7 wall of level Four passage, then dries, and forms film catalyst layer 8, complete
Into the making of the integrated fuel battery electrode 1 of flow field terraced distribution.The three-dimensional appearance of the present invention, and in particular to passages at different levels
, arbitrarily can change according to actual needs.The present invention solves combustion using 3D printing rapid shaping technique and conductive 3D printing material
Material 2 complex structure of cavity, the problem of small volume not easy processing, can easily realize mass and integrated molding, be conducive to into
The marketing of cooking technique, while conduction 3D materials make the fuel cavity 2 itself can be compacter as collector plate, structure.
Above content technological thought only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every to press
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme, claims of the present invention is each fallen within
Protection domain within.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution, it is characterised in that including columned fuel cavity
(2) the one-level passage (3), and in the middle part of insertion fuel cavity (2), connects what ecto-entad step expanded on one-level passage (3)
Secondary passage (5), the side of fuel cavity (2) arrange some honeycomb structures (4) as three-level passage (6) of dense distribution,
Some level Four passages (7) for increasing catalytically active surface product are set in honeycomb structure (4)；The surface of level Four passage (7) is attached
Film catalyst layer (8).
2. the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fuel
Cavity (2) is made through 3D printing using conductive 3D printing material.
3. the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
Secondary passage (5) converges at the one-level passage (3) in the middle part of insertion fuel cavity (2).
4. the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thin film
Catalytic Layer (8) is including being respectively coated with the table of one-level passage (3), secondary passage (5), three-level passage (6) and level Four passage (7)
The catalyst granules (9) and ionomer (10) in face.
5. a kind of preparation method of the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) modeled by 3 d modeling software, columned fuel cavity is completed by 3D printing using conductive 3D printing material
(2) making；Run through one-level passage (3) in the middle part of fuel cavity (2), on one-level passage (3), connect what ecto-entad step expanded
Secondary passage (5), the side of fuel cavity (2) arrange some honeycomb structures (4) as three-level passage (6) of dense distribution,
Some level Four passages (7) for increasing catalytically active surface product are set in honeycomb structure (4)；
2) will the fuel cavity (2) that made immerse catalyst mixed solution in, make one-level passage (3), secondary passage (5), three
On the wall of level passage (6) and level Four passage (7), equal attached catalyst mixed solution, then dries, and forms film catalyst layer
(8)；Wherein, catalyst mixed solution is 1.0～4.0mgcm by carrying capacity-2Catalyst granules and mass percent be 5～
50% ionomer is dispersed in dispersant to be made.
6. the preparation method of the integrated fuel battery electrode of flow field terraced distribution according to claim 5, its feature exist
In the step 2) in, catalyst granules adopts Pd base catalyst, Pt base catalyst, Fe base catalyst, Co bases catalyst or Ni
Base catalyst；Ionomer adopts sulfonic acid group base ionomer or quaternary ammonium group base ionomer；Dispersant is adopted
Ethanol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510438357.2A CN105070921B (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2015-07-23 | Integrated fuel cell electrode employing cascade flow field distribution and preparation method of integrated fuel cell electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510438357.2A CN105070921B (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2015-07-23 | Integrated fuel cell electrode employing cascade flow field distribution and preparation method of integrated fuel cell electrode |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105070921A CN105070921A (en) | 2015-11-18 |
| CN105070921B true CN105070921B (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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| CN105500493B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-08-25 | 山东理工大学 | The method that 3 D-printing has the honeycomb type electro-catalytic membrane reactor of stereo channel |
| CN111106356A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-05-05 | 西安交通大学 | Heat storage type integrated foam metal electrode |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Wu Longhui Inventor after: Li Yinshi Inventor after: Cao Yang Inventor after: Chen Jie Inventor after: Wang Yifeng Inventor before: Li Yinshi Inventor before: Cao Yang Inventor before: Chen Jie Inventor before: Wang Yifeng |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20180507 Address after: 221200 No. 1 Ring Road, Suining County Economic Development Zone, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Patentee after: Jiangsu Hanwate Electric Power Technology Co. Ltd. Address before: 710049 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee before: Xi'an Jiaotong University |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
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Granted publication date: 20170426 Termination date: 20200723 |