CN105066954A - Method for measuring height of theodolite - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the height of a theodolite. This method uses the principle of reflection of light. After centering and leveling the theodolite on the measuring base point, set up a vertical tower ruler at a certain distance from the measuring base point, and place a reflective body on the tower ruler. The image formed by the base point in the reflector can be observed from the eyepiece of the theodolite by moving the reflector up and down the tower ruler, and the distance from the horizontal axis of the theodolite to the base point can be obtained from the equal relationship between the incident angle of light and the reflection angle and the angle relationship between parallel lines , that is, the height of the instrument. The invention has simple and clear principles, simple and cheap materials, simple and convenient operation, high precision, easy grasp and convenient engineering application.

Description

A method for measuring the height of theodolite

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering survey, in particular to a method for measuring the height of a theodolite.

Background technique

The current method of measuring the height of the theodolite instrument is mainly to directly measure the distance from the base point to the side of the theodolite with a steel ruler, and then obtain the height of the instrument through certain triangular conversion. This method has a large measurement error and is greatly influenced by human factors, which cannot meet the high-precision requirements of engineering measurement.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for measuring the height of the theodolite.

Thinking of the present invention: utilize the principle of reflection of light, can obtain the distance from the theodolite horizontal axis to the base point by the equal relationship between the incident angle of light and the reflection angle and the angle relationship between parallel lines, namely draw the theodolite height.

The specific steps are:

Place the theodolite above the base point D of the measurement and level it in the center. Point A is the intersection point of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis of the theodolite. Stand the tower ruler with a vertical level bubble at a position 0.95 to 1.05 meters away from the theodolite and adjust it to Vertically, keep the tower ruler parallel to the vertical axis of the theodolite, then adjust the theodolite to the horizontal, and mark the intersection point B of the projection line of the cross wire of the theodolite objective lens on the tower ruler and the tower ruler, and then point B on the tower ruler Put a reflective body with a diameter of 10 cm, and the reflective body slides down slowly from point B. At the same time, the line of sight of theodolite moves down slowly with the reflective body. When the image formed by point D in the reflective body can be observed in the eyepiece of the theodolite, Stop moving, adjust the theodolite so that the intersection point of the crosshairs of the objective lens is aligned with the image of point D in the reflector, fix the theodolite, take away the reflector, and mark the intersection point C between the projection line of the crosshairs of the objective lens on the tower ruler and the tower ruler at this time Use a steel ruler to measure the distance between points B and C According to the principle of light reflection, ∠ACE=∠DCE=∠BAC, is the height of the theodolite.

The tower ruler used in the present invention can be replaced by other controllable vertical devices.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the principle of the present invention is simple and clear, the material is simple and cheap, the operation is simple, the precision is high, easy to grasp, convenient for engineering application, and easy for large-scale popularization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the theodolite plane measurement in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of theodolite oblique measurement in the embodiment of the present invention.

Marks in the figure: 1-theodolite; 2-foot stand; 3-tower ruler; 4-plane mirror.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art.

Example:

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the specific steps of the present embodiment are:

Place the theodolite 1 above the base point D during measurement through the tripod 2 and level it in the center. Point A is the intersection point of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis of the theodolite 1. Stand the tower ruler 3 with a vertical level bubble on a distance from theodolite 1. The position of the meter is adjusted to be vertical, and the tower ruler 3 is kept parallel to the vertical axis of the theodolite 1, then the theodolite 1 is adjusted to the level, and the projection line and the tower ruler of the theodolite 1 objective lens reticle on the tower ruler 3 are marked. 3 intersection point B, then put a plane mirror 4 with a diameter of 10 cm at point B on the tower foot 3, the plane mirror 4 slowly slides downward from point B, and the line of sight of theodolite 1 moves downward slowly with the plane mirror 4, when the eyepiece of theodolite 1 can When observing the image formed by point D in the plane mirror 4, the plane mirror 4 stops moving, adjust the theodolite 1 so that the intersection point of the objective lens crosshairs is aligned with the image of the D point in the plane mirror 4, fix the theodolite 1, take away the plane mirror 4, and turn the object lens cross at this time Mark the intersection point C between the projection line of the wire and the horizontal wire on the tower ruler 3 and the tower ruler 3, and use a steel ruler to measure the distance between the two points B and C According to the principle of light reflection, ∠ACE=∠DCE=∠BAC, That is the height of theodolite 1.

Claims (2)

1. a method for surveyor's transit height, is characterized in that concrete steps are:

Also centering leveling above basic point D when transit being placed in measurement, A point is the intersection point of transit horizontal axis and vertical axis, the Sopwith staff of band vertical level bubble is stood on the position apart from 0.95 ~ 1.05 meter, transit and is adjusted to vertical, keep Sopwith staff parallel with the vertical axis of transit, again transit is adjusted to level, and mark the projection line of transit object lens crosshair horizontal hair on Sopwith staff and the intersection points B of Sopwith staff, then on Sopwith staff, B point puts the refractive body of one piece of diameter 10 centimetres, refractive body is from the slow slide downward of B point, transit sight line slowly moves down with refractive body simultaneously, when the picture that D point becomes in refractive body can be observed in transit eyepiece, refractive body stops mobile, transit is regulated to make object lens crosshair intersection point aim at the picture of D point in refractive body, fixing transit, take refractive body away, the intersection point C of projection line on Sopwith staff of now object lens crosshair horizontal hair and Sopwith staff is marked, the distance of B and C point-to-point transmission is measured with straight steel ruler from the principle of reflection of light, ∠ ACE=∠ DCE=∠ BAC, be the height of transit.

2. the method for surveyor's transit height as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that other controlled vertical means of Sopwith staff replaces.