CN105060619B - A kind of device for handling organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby and application thereof - Google Patents

A kind of device for handling organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby and application thereof Download PDF

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CN105060619B
CN105060619B CN201510436047.7A CN201510436047A CN105060619B CN 105060619 B CN105060619 B CN 105060619B CN 201510436047 A CN201510436047 A CN 201510436047A CN 105060619 B CN105060619 B CN 105060619B
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photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization
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CN105060619A (en
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梁鹏
王颖
赵旭
于妍
邱县金
张曼曼
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of device for being used to handle organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby, including photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit and microbiological fuel cell (MFC) coupled system.Wherein described photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit is connected and coordinates respectively on circuit and water route at the same time with MFC, and the MFC includes level-one MFC and two level MFC.Water body first enters the two-stage MFC of water route series connection through photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization, water outlet;On circuit, the two-stage MFC is each independent, provides bias to photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization device respectively.Present invention also offers handling the purposes of organic wastewater using the method and described device of the photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit and microbiological fuel cell (MFC) coupled system processing waste water.

Description

A kind of device for handling organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing of organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby, in particular to photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit is used in combination The apparatus and method of organic wastewater, and described device are handled in difficult degradation with microbiological fuel cell (MFC) coupled system Purposes in treatment of Organic Wastewater.
Background technology
With the raising of industrial expansion and human living standard, the species and discharge of industrial organic waste water and sanitary sewage Measure increasing, composition is also more complicated.At present, the research on persistent organic pollutants improvement in water is more, is used Technology mainly include Physical (absorption, ultrafiltration etc.), chemical method (advanced oxidation), biochemical process (activated sludge etc.) method.But Big multi-method needs external energy, and energy consumption is higher, this will certainly increase cost of water treatment, aggravates energy crisis;Meanwhile single skill Art treatment effeciency is relatively low.Therefore, establish integrated approach with synergy and realize that high-efficiency low energy consumption goes difficult degradation in water removal to have Organic pollutants, are the hot spots of water treatment field research.
Photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization is a kind of method that photocatalysis is combined synergistic oxidation organic pollutants with electro-catalysis. Relative to independent photocatalysis, photo-electrocatalytic technology can effectively prevent light induced electron and hole generation compound so as to improve catalysis The efficiency of oxidation of organic compounds;Relative to independent electro-catalysis, the carrier that photocatalysis produces can overcome electrocatalysis oxidation reaction Big energy barrier, and then electric energy needed for reduction, i.e. photoelectrocatalysis need only provide for a relatively low bias and efficient oxidation can be achieved.Phase For other methods, due to the easily controllable maintenance of photoelectrocatalysis method, the simple, non-secondary pollution of equipment etc., so having in water There is huge application potential in terms of organic pollutants catalytic degradation.In sewage disposal system, significantly improved using photoelectrocatalysis The biological degradability of organic pollutants, not only increases subsequent treatment efficiency, while reduces energy consumption.But urged using photoelectricity Change method is difficult by the direct permineralization of organic matter in sewage, and needs additional electric energy.Therefore Many researchers urge photoelectricity Change technology is combined with other techniques, is such as combined with bioanalysis, to realize advanced treating.Other direction, sustainability are cheap The input of electric energy, can significantly reduce photo-electrocatalytic technology cost.
Microbiological fuel cell (Microbial fuel cell, MFC) is a kind of energy converting means participated in by microorganism Put, the chemical energy in sewage can be converted into electric energy, synchronously realize sewage purification and electricity production.MFC development prospects are increasingly subject to Concern.However, compared with normal power supplies, MFC electricity production power and to produce electric power quality relatively low, it is difficult to which being directly incorporated into power grid makes With.How a big technical barrier that the low-quality electric energy of MFC output be current MFC research is efficiently used.Other direction, single-stage The advanced treating (permineralization) of MFC organic matters relatively difficult to achieve.
Although it has been proposed that by MFC and other technologies combination (Sun Zhe etc., 2014;Xie Qing etc., 2010) however the connection At most it is only individually circuit connection or water route connection with simply generally referring to, and fails to realize in circuit and water route Upper effectively connection respectively at the same time, and then realize that the height in circuit water route coordinates.Without being bound by theory, applicant proposes, photoelectricity is urged The key for changing pre-oxidation and the height cooperation in MFC circuits water route is whether can effectively control the dynamic between electronics and material Balance.Organic wastewater is pre-oxidized using photoelectrocatalysis, intermediate product is usually extremely complex after pre-oxidation, and preoxidation degree is different, Product forms and toxicity difference is larger, it often brings unfavorable shadow in terms of the electricity generation performance of follow-up MFC and deep purifying degree Ring;On the other hand, follow-up MFC produce electricity can quality in turn also to photoelectrocatalysis operation stability have significantly affect. Such as photoelectrocatalysis preoxidation degree height, the carbon source deficiency of MFC is supplied, the electronics for photoelectrocatalysis pre-oxidation that it is produced is not Foot, causes the reduction of photoelectrocatalysis preoxidation degree in turn;As photoelectrocatalysis preoxidation degree is low, the water outlet structure of matter formed In complexity, single-stage MFC is difficult to efficiently use electricity production, and is difficult to realize the depth mineralising of water body.Therefore, how to effectively control electricity Dynamic equilibrium between son and material is the difficult point realized circuit and water route while effectively coordinated, and the prior art thirsts for solution Technical barrier.
Patent publication No. CN103265149A reports a kind of Electro Sorb without additional power source and handles waste plant and side Method, MFC are used for Electro Sorb using the material electricity production being readily biodegradable, the electric energy of generation;Electro Sorb is difficult to biology for absorption Although the material of degraded, the patent realize the electric energy utilization in situ of MFC, but simply concentrate and make for recalcitrant substance With, it is impossible to removed from environment.Patent publication No. CN103266331A reports a kind of self-driven micro- life of microbiological fuel cell The method that thing electrolytic cell coupled system recycles simple substance cobalt from cobalt acid lithium, for the recycling of heavy metal, but it is also only realized MFC produces electricity the utilization in situ of energy, fails to realize the coupling on water route.Liu Xianwei (Liu et al., 2012) will be double Room type air cathode MFC is coupled with anode Fenton, also there is research and utilization H-type dual chamber air cathode MFC and cathode electro-Fenton Coupling (Fernandez de Dios et al., 2013), such report be only realize MFCs produce electricity can it is in situ sharp With failing to realize that water route couples.Li Jun (Li et al., 2013) are by single chamber without membrane air cathode MFC and two sets of photosynthetic lifes Thing hydrogen-manufacturing reactor (PBR) is coupled on water route, and MFC anodes can change volatility in photosynthetic organism hydrogen generation reactor water outlet The composition of aliphatic acid, and cathode can remove extra proton, substrate solution is more suitable for the progress of subsequently production hydrogen reaction, in fact Show the coupling in water route, but do not have the utilization in situ of MFC electric energy.
Therefore, still there is an urgent need to have good treatment effect and the organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby of low energy consumption at the same time in the prior art Treatment technology.
The content of the invention
The present inventor passes through test of many times, it was unexpectedly found that, photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization is combined with MFC technologies, at the same time Effectively connected and coordinated respectively on circuit and water route, effectively control the dynamic equilibrium between electronics and material, can be with Realize gratifying water treatment effect.The present inventor has found under study for action, if photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization and two-stage MFC had Effect coordinates and connection, it is possible to overcomes the above problem and shortcoming.Specifically, the inventors discovered that, by the photoelectrocatalysis list Member is connected and coordinates respectively on circuit and water route at the same time with MFC, while being connected using two-stage MFC on water route, but protects It is independent on circuit to hold the two, can effectively control the dynamic equilibrium between electronics and material, and then desired technology effect is provided Fruit.
Therefore, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of device for being used to handle organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby, including light Electro-catalysis unit and microbiological fuel cell (MFC) coupled system, wherein the photoelectrocatalysis unit and MFC at the same time in circuit and Connect and coordinate respectively on water route, and wherein described microbiological fuel cell is gone here and there including level-one MFC and two level MFC on water route Connection, the level-one MFC is connected with photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit by water route, and water body is first through photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization, water outlet into Enter level-one MFC;On circuit, the two-stage MFC is each independent, provides bias to photocatalysis apparatus respectively.
Found according to our result of study, in circuit arrangement, make two-stage MFC each independent, respectively to photoelectrocatalysis Oxidation unit provides bias, can effectively prevent occurring reverse electrode phenomena when front and back stages MFC voltage phase differences are larger, and can be with Ensure the stability of power supply.
At a preferable aspect, MFC of the invention has double chamber type structure, it includes separating by cation-exchange membrane The cathode chamber opened and anode chamber, the anode chamber and cathode chamber are filled with active carbon particle, and the cathode chamber and anode chamber It is respectively arranged with circulation line and circulation vessel is set in outside, the circulation line both ends difference connection electrode cavity and circulation Container.In this way, waste water treatment efficiency can be effectively improved, the stability of effluent quality is ensured;Two-stage MFC series connection at the same time, for light The Complex water body that electro-catalysis pre-oxidation produces in various degree has certain buffering efficiency, effectively controls between electronics and material Dynamic equilibrium, improve the electricity production stability of MFC, while ensured that effluent quality obtains deep purifying.
MFC in the present invention can also be connected according to being actually needed using the even more advanced MFC of three-level.But using three During level or more level MFC series connection, internal mass transfer resistance usually significantly improves, and correspondingly needs to increase the quantity of peristaltic pump, this meeting Increase running cost;What is more important, three or more level MFC connect when, the third level or the fourth stage and above MFC be difficult to from Carbon source is obtained in anolyte, corresponding MFC output voltages is showed and remains unchanged or slowly slightly decline.
In another aspect of this invention, there is provided a kind of method for handling organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby, includes the use of photoelectricity and urge Change oxidation unit and microbiological fuel cell (MFC) coupled system, wherein the photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit is with MFC while in electricity Connect and coordinate respectively on road and water route, and wherein described microbiological fuel cell includes level-one MFC and two level MFC in water route Upper series connection, the level-one MFC are connected with photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit by water route;On circuit, the two-stage MFC is each only It is vertical, respectively bias is provided to photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization device;It is pre- the described method includes making organic wastewater first be carried out by photocatalysis unit Processing, then produces electricity substrate once via level-one MFC and two level MFC processing after buffered property regulation as MFC.
At a preferable aspect, in the method for the invention, the MFC has double chamber type structure, it includes passing through sun The cathode chamber and anode chamber that amberplex separates, the anode chamber and cathode chamber are filled with active carbon particle, and described Cathode chamber and anode chamber are respectively arranged with circulation line and set circulation vessel in outside, and the circulation line both ends connect respectively Electrode chamber and circulation vessel, it is described through the processed waste water of two-stage MFC between anode circulation container and two-stage MFC anode chambers Circulation, to be further processed.
Particularly preferred, in the method for the invention, the organic wastewater is wastewater containing phenol.
In an additional aspect of the present invention, additionally provide the apparatus according to the invention and be used to handle organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby Purposes.Particularly preferred, the organic wastewater is wastewater containing phenol.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of double chamber type MFC schematic devices used in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of the photoelectrocatalysis experimental rig used in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the two level MFC- photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidizations combination processing organic wastewater schematic device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows that device using the present invention carries out the effect of wastewater containing phenol processing.
Embodiment
Illustrated the present invention below in conjunction with attached drawing and further detailed description.It is it is pointed out that following Illustrate to be only for example, not to any restrictions of these technical solutions to claimed technical solution. Protection scope of the present invention be subject to the appended claims record content.
In the present invention, microbiological fuel cell (Microbial Fuel Cell, MFC) is a kind of well known in the art Technology, the chemical energy in organic matter is directly translated into electric energy by it using microorganism.Its basic functional principle is:Detest in anode chamber Under oxygen environment, organic matter decomposes under microbial action and discharges electronics and proton, and electronics is situated between by suitable electron transmission Body is effectively transmitted between biological components and anode, and is delivered to cathode by external circuit and is formed electric current, and proton passes through Proton exchange membrane is delivered to cathode, and oxidant (generally oxygen) obtains electronics and be reduced to be combined into water with proton in cathode.
By the device of the invention or method, using industrial organic waste water or sanitary sewage as object, by photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization Organically combine with MFC, form a kind of photoelectrocatalysis-microbiological fuel cell coupling processing organic wastewater and realize low energy consumption Method, the characteristics of this method is high using photo-electro chemical oxidation organic matter activity but selectivity is not high, be using relatively low bias Organic pollution is aoxidized, thus improves the biodegradability of sewage, while reduces water quality toxicity, or macromolecular substances are turned The small-molecule substance that biology is more easy to utilize is turned to, and then improves the efficiency of fuel cell generation and operation stability of MFC;MFC is degraded at the same time Electric energy caused by dirty Organic substance in water is directly used in photoelectrocatalysis reaction member, realizes electric energy utilization in situ, further carries The high practical application potentiality of MFC.
Pass through the method for the present invention so that MFC technologies on photoelectro-catalytic oxidation technology water route and on circuit with being carried out at the same time Coupling can effectively realize effect of two kinds of technologies to sewage disposal, can not only open up application range, but also can carry whereby with matching The efficiency of fuel cell generation and detergent power of high MFC, while produce electricity MFC to be fully used.
It is anti-using two cavity double chamber type MFC using wastewater containing phenol as organic wastewater in order to verify the effect of the present invention Device (see Fig. 1) is answered, full column type active carbon particles, cathode chamber and anode chamber's cation-exchange membrane are filled by anode chamber and anode chamber Separate, cavity body volume is 115mL.Anolyte, i.e. anode electricity production substrate solution are made of organic carbon source and inorganic salts, specifically For:50mM phosphate buffers (potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO4·H2O 4.4g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate K2HPO43.4g/L), chlorination Ammonium NH4Cl 0.31g/L、MgCl2·6H2O 0.1g/L、CaCl2·2H2O 0.1g/L and a small amount of vitamin and trace element, have Machine carbon source is:Anhydrous sodium acetate NaAc 1.64g/L (catabolite of phenol or phenol).Cathode substrate composition is 50mM phosphoric acid Salt buffer system, sodium acid carbonate NaHCO31.92g/L、NH4Cl 0.31g/L、MgCl2·6H2O 0.1g/L、CaCl2·2H2O 0.1g/L.To ensure to have the dissolved oxygen of abundance in catholyte, the solution in cathode circulation bottle is carried out continuously with miniature aeration pump Aeration.
Photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization device:As shown in Fig. 2, photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization reaction is in a homemade cuboid quartz glass Carried out in reactor, whole pilot system is by titanium dioxide nanotube electrode (working electrode), titanium plate (to electrode), ultraviolet source (visible light source), magnetic stirring apparatus, electrochemical workstation etc. form.Photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization device is coupled with MFC, will during reaction The external resistance at MFC both ends disconnects, and by the cathode and anode of MFC respectively with the working electrode in photoelectrocatalysidevice device with connecting to electrode Connect, the voltage and curent change situation in reaction process are measured by System of voltage acquisition and ammeter respectively.
Embodiment
1 single-stage MFC and two-stage MFC organic matter removal situations when connecting on water route compare
Electricity production property during series operation on single-stage MFC and two-stage MFC water routes under the identical water quality and quantity of Test and Comparison Study Can be with organic matter removal effect.Anode chamber's water inlet is that the initial phenol concentration through photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization pretreatment 4h is 400mg/L Catabolite, volume 200mL.It can be seen from the results that during single-stage MFC processing simulation phenol wastewater catabolites, more Voltage quickly raises after fresh fuel, and maximum is risen to after about 3h, then starts slowly to decline, and ceiling voltage increasing degree is 97mV. Connect on water route in the case of two-stage MFC, the voltage change situation difference of front and back stages MFC is larger, 1#MFC and 2#MFC's Ceiling voltage increasing degree is respectively 135mV and 101mV, and the relatively high pressure duration of difference 34mV, 1#MFC are longer than 2#MFC. In the case of connecting in water route, the carbon source in anolyte is mainly absorbed and utilized by the MFC of front end, when anolyte flows through 2#MFC Remaining carbon source is few, therefore the output voltage of front and rear two sets of MFC difference is larger.
When single-stage MFC handles waste water, after more fresh fuel, phenol concentration is reduced to 4mg/L or so, 4h after water inlet in 3h Examined afterwards in water outlet and do not measured phenol, corresponding phenol removal rate is up to more than 99%;COD concentration can be reduced in 4h COD concentration between 26~30mg/L and keeps stable all the time after 40mg/L or so, 4h, and corresponding COD removal rates are reachable 96%~97%.In the case where two-stage MFC connects, after more fresh fuel, phenol concentration is to be reduced to 4mg/L after 1h, after 2h Examined in water outlet and do not measured phenol;COD concentration is rapidly reduced to 40mg/L or so after 1h, continue to be reduced to 25 after 2h~ Between 30mg/L and keep stable.It follows that water route is remarkably improved sewage treating efficiency when connecting, go out to reach identical Water water quality, the time that single MFC and two set of MFC series connection needs when handling is respectively 4h and 2h.
2 two-stage series connection MFC- photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidizations are in circuit with being coupled at the same time on water route
Photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization-MFCs coupled systems couple at the same time on circuit and water route.Coupled system is as shown in Figure 3.Water Lu Shang, simulation phenol wastewater first carry out pretreatment 4h by photoelectrocatalysis unit, and substrate, two-stage MFC strings are produced electricity as MFC anode chambers Connection carries out wastewater treatment, and waste water constantly 3~4h of circulation inside circulation bottle and MFC, completes wastewater treatment process;On circuit, it is Prevent occurring reverse electrode phenomena when two sets of MFC voltage phase differences are larger, electro-catalysis unit is supplied by the higher a set of MFC relatively stablized of voltage Electricity.
Simulate phenol wastewater and pre-process 4h through photoelectrocatalysis, again after MFC handles 2h, phenol removal rate close to 100%, COD removal rates between 26~30mg/L and keep stable higher than 97%, COD contents.
Fig. 4 is treatment effect of the coupled system to simulation phenolic waste water.Simulate phenolic waste water in initial phenol concentration about For 400mg/L, 4h first is pre-processed through photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization, is used as MFC to produce electricity after the rear adjusting pH value by the use of 50mM phosphate buffers Substrate, is discharged after two-stage MFC anode indoor circulations 2h, co-continuous to have run two as a complete cycle of operation Cycle.It can be seen from the figure that within two cycles continuously run, initial phenol concentration is that the simulation of 410mg/L is given up containing phenol Water pre-processes 4h through photoelectrocatalysis, again after MFC handles 2h, phenol removal rate close to 100%, COD removal rates for 97%~ 98%, examined in water outlet and do not measured phenol, COD contents are between 26~30mg/L and keep stable.Result above is fully said Bright, the coupled system that the present invention is established is used for Combined Treatment simulation phenol wastewater and works well, and synchronously realizes sewage purification And electricity production, improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of phenol wastewater.
Bibliography:
1. Sun Zhe, Huang Manhong, Chen Liang, old east brightness photocatalyst-type Development of Microbiol Fuel Cells Treatment of Industrial Water, 2014,34 (3):11-14.
2. thank fine, Yang Jiawei, Wang Bin, cold heptan, but moral loyalty be used for sewage disposal microbiological fuel cell research it is newest into Open up water technologies, 2010,36 (3):10-14.
3. Fernandez de Dios, M.A., del Campo, A.G., Fernandez, F.J., Rodrigo, M., Pazos, M., Sanroman, M.A., 2013.Bacterial-fungal interactions enhance power generation in microbial fuel cells and drive dye decolourisation by an ex Situ and in situ electro-Fenton process.Bioresource technology 148,39-46.
4. Li, J., Zou, W., Xu, Z., Ye, D., Zhu, X., Liao, Q., 2013.Improved hydrogen production of the downstream bioreactor by coupling single chamber microbial fuel cells between series-connected photosynthetic biohydrogen Reactors.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 38,15613-15619.
5. Liu, X.W., Sun, X.F., Li, D.B., Li, W.W., Huang, Y.X., Sheng, G.P., Yu, H.Q., 2012.Anodic Fenton process assisted by a microbial fuel cell for enhanced Degradation of organic pollutants.Water research 46,4371-4378.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of device for being used to handle organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby, including photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit and microbiological fuel cell (MFC) coupled system, wherein the photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit is connected and coordinates respectively on circuit and water route at the same time with MFC, And wherein described microbiological fuel cell is connected including level-one MFC and two level MFC on water route, the level-one MFC and photoelectricity Catalytic oxidation unit is connected by water route, and water body first enters level-one MFC through photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization, water outlet;On circuit, institute Two-stage MFC each independences are stated, each independent the two poles of the earth MFC is that the photoelectrocatalysioxidization oxidization unit provides bias;
Wherein described MFC has double chamber type structure, it includes cathode chamber and the anode chamber separated by cation-exchange membrane, institute State anode chamber and cathode chamber be filled with active carbon particle, and the cathode chamber and anode chamber be respectively arranged with circulation line and Outside sets circulation vessel, and connection electrode cavity and circulation vessel are distinguished in the circulation line both ends,
Wherein, the cathode chamber of the level-one MFC is connected with the cathode chamber of the two level MFC by corresponding circulation line, described The anode chamber of level-one MFC is connected with the anode chamber of the two level MFC by corresponding circulation line, the cathode of the level-one MFC The anode chamber and the two level MFC of circulation line between the cathode chamber of room and the two level MFC independently of the level-one MFC Circulation line between anode chamber.
2. device according to claim 1 is used for the purposes for handling organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby.
3. purposes according to claim 2, wherein the organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby is wastewater containing phenol.
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