CN105051240A - Rolling bearing for electric corrosion prevention - Google Patents

Rolling bearing for electric corrosion prevention Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105051240A
CN105051240A CN201480016798.7A CN201480016798A CN105051240A CN 105051240 A CN105051240 A CN 105051240A CN 201480016798 A CN201480016798 A CN 201480016798A CN 105051240 A CN105051240 A CN 105051240A
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Prior art keywords
spraying plating
plating epithelium
ceramic spraying
epithelium
rolling bearing
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CN201480016798.7A
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CN105051240B (en
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虻川志向
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Tocalo Co Ltd
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Tocalo Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C23C4/11Oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134Plasma spraying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62Selection of substances
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64Special methods of manufacture
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/40Ceramics, e.g. carbides, nitrides, oxides, borides of a metal
    • F16C2206/42Ceramics, e.g. carbides, nitrides, oxides, borides of a metal based on ceramic oxides
    • F16C2206/44Ceramics, e.g. carbides, nitrides, oxides, borides of a metal based on ceramic oxides based on aluminium oxide (Al2O3)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/42Coating surfaces by spraying the coating material, e.g. plasma spraying

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

A rolling bearing (1) for electric corrosion prevention, comprising a metal outer ring (2) and a metal inner ring (3) that is arranged via a plurality of rolling bodies (5). A ceramic thermal spray coating film (10) for preventing electric corrosion is formed, by plasma spraying, on the outer surfaces (21, 31) of the outer ring (2) or inner ring (3). The surface roughness (Ra) of the coated outer surfaces (21, 31) of the outer ring (2) or inner ring (3) is 0.5-2.0 [mu]m. The composition of the ceramic thermal spray coating film (10) is 98.0-99.5 wt% aluminum oxide and 0.5-2 wt% titanium oxide. The film thickness of the ceramic thermal spray coating film (10) is 50-100 [mu]m and the volume resistance of the ceramic thermal spray coating film (10) is 1013-1016 Omega cm and the insulation breakdown voltage is at least 35 kV/mm.

Description

Anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing
Technical field
The present invention relates to rolling bearing, the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing of the electrocorrosion that the electric current particularly preventing the electro-motor of rail vehicle etc. from producing by coating ceramic spraying plating epithelium causes.
Background technology
As the bearing such as turning axle of the electro-motor of rail vehicle, generally use rolling bearing, this rolling bearing possesses metal foreign steamer and metally interiorly to take turns, and this metal interior wheel configures concentrically by rolling body and this foreign steamer at the radially inner side of this foreign steamer.The electric current produced in electro-motor etc. is along foreign steamer, rolling body, interior wheel and flow to the rolling bearing of turning axle of the electro-motor of support iron road vehicles, generator, electric installation.The electric current flowing through rolling bearing produces spark at the contact surface of rolling body and interior foreign steamer, formed the foreign steamer of current path, rolling body, interior take turns in can there is electrocorrosion.Electrocorrosion not only makes the performance of rolling bearing reduce, but also the life-span can be caused to reduce.
By making such as insulating between foreign steamer and the shell supporting this foreign steamer of rolling bearing, make electric current not flow to rolling bearing, thus the service life reduction that electrocorrosion causes can be prevented.For this reason, the outside surface with the foreign steamer of the rolling bearing of housing contacts can be coated to insulating material.As insulating material, stupalith is suitable, in order to be coated to stupalith, utilizes sputtering process to form ceramic epithelium at the outside surface of the foreign steamer of rolling bearing.
Patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2 record anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing, wherein, by the outside surface roughening of the foreign steamer of rolling bearing, define the ceramic spraying plating epithelium of 0.15mm ~ 0.45mm on its surface.Also known a kind of outside surface at foreign steamer is formed with the rolling bearing of ceramic spraying plating epithelium with specific thinness, and this ceramic spraying plating epithelium is made up of (patent documentation 3) the gray oxide aluminium comprising aluminum oxide and titanium oxide.Known a kind of outside surface at foreign steamer is formed with the rolling bearing of ceramic spraying plating epithelium, and this ceramic spraying plating epithelium is main component with aluminum oxide and makes the content of titanium dioxide be 0.01 % by weight ~ 0.2 % by weight (patent documentation 4).In the prior art, the particle diameter being used in the ceramic powder forming ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 10 μm ~ 50 μm.
In the rolling bearing of patent documentation 5, form at the outside surface of foreign steamer the ceramic spraying plating epithelium that void content is 2% ~ 6%, and then be filled with the hole sealing agent of organic system.In rolling bearing described in patent documentation 6, the coating of surface pottery system and the 2 layers of metal level above it that are installed on the foreign steamer of shell are coated to.Describing the rolling bearing that a kind of surface at roughening is formed with ceramic epithelium in patent documentation 7, wherein, is 1.0 μm ~ 3.0 μm by the outside surface roughening of the foreign steamer of rolling bearing to Ra.
Prior art document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2011-117607 publication
Patent documentation 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-170673 publication
Patent documentation 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2009-299904 publication
Patent documentation 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-147072 publication
Patent documentation 5: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-50669 publication
Patent documentation 6: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2002-181054 publication
Patent documentation 7: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-32127 publication
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention will solve
In the rolling bearing of patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2, by the outside surface roughening of foreign steamer, define the ceramic spraying plating epithelium of the thickness with 0.15mm ~ 0.45mm, but the effect of manufacturing cost cannot be reduced fully when forming the ceramic spraying plating epithelium of the thickness of this scope.And, due to the impact of this thickness, under the environment for use that temperature head is large, and shear-stress can be produced between the foreign steamer of rolling bearing, due to the reduction of the physical strength that the impact of the unrelieved stress of this shear-stress and epithelium inside causes, likely cause stripping or the crackle equivalent damage of epithelium.If only reduce the thickness of ceramic spraying plating epithelium, then not only insulativity reduces, and epithelium easily damages.When defining the rolling bearing of patent documentation 3 of the ceramic spraying plating epithelium that the gray oxide aluminium that comprises aluminum oxide and titanium oxide is formed, the thickness of epithelium is set as 0.1mm ~ 0.8mm, although have employed gray oxide aluminium, but the reduction effect of manufacturing cost is not talkative is sufficient, also there is the problem that ceramic spraying plating epithelium is peeled off.
When make the particle diameter of ceramic powder be 10 μm ~ 50 μm patent documentation 4 and the hole sealing agent of organic system is filled to ceramic spraying plating epithelium inhibit the rolling bearing of patent documentation 5 of the inequality of insulation resistance, thickness due to ceramic spraying plating epithelium is about 0.4mm, thus cost is high, in addition, the adaptation of foreign steamer and ceramic spraying plating epithelium is low.When the rolling bearing of the patent documentation 6 of the 3-tier architecture for being made up of ceramic spraying plating epithelium and metal level, owing to needing the operation for arranging metal level, thus cost is high.When the coarse Ra of changing into of the outside surface of the foreign steamer making rolling bearing is the rolling bearing of the patent documentation 7 of 1.0 μm ~ 3.0 μm, even if can obtain adaptation, thickness is also large, and same with patent documentation 1 grade have high in cost of production problem.In addition, particularly under the environment of the high electric current of flowing, insulating property become insufficient, electrocorrosion can occur, and also have the shortcoming causing the low life-span.
Therefore, the present invention is in view of the problem of above-mentioned prior art, and object is to provide a kind of anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing, and it significantly can reduce manufacturing cost, even if be also difficult to sustain damage under diversified environment, there is high adhesion simultaneously and sufficient insulating property can be obtained.
For solving the scheme of problem
In order to achieve the above object, following technique means is taken.That is, the feature of anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing of the present invention is, it possesses: metal foreign steamer, metally interiorly to take turns, itself and described foreign steamer configure concentrically by multiple rolling body and relatively to rotate freely, with the ceramic spraying plating epithelium of anti-electrocorrosion, it is formed at the outside surface of described foreign steamer by plasma spraying method, the surface roughness Ra of the outside surface of described foreign steamer is 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm, described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is made up of the material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, the content of aluminum oxide is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight, and the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight, organic system resin is utilized to implement sealing pores to described ceramic spraying plating epithelium, the thickness of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, the volume specific resistance of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 10 13Ω cm ~ 10 16Ω cm.
According to the invention described above, ceramic spraying plating epithelium is made up of the material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, and the film forming efficiency therefore during spraying plating is high, can carry out film forming with low cost.The content of the aluminum oxide in pottery spraying plating epithelium is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight, and the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight, therefore compare can maintain high insulating property with the common material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, can 10 be realized 13Ω cm ~ 10 16the volume specific resistance of Ω cm.Owing to being 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm by the surface roughness Ra of the outside surface of the foreign steamer of ceramic spraying plating coating film, therefore, it is possible to obtain the high adhesion with ceramic spraying plating epithelium.The thickness of pottery spraying plating epithelium is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, the effect reducing manufacturing cost is large, and the impact of the unrelieved stress of the shear-stress be difficult to because producing under the environment for use that temperature head is large and between the foreign steamer of rolling bearing or epithelium inside and the reduction of physical strength occurs, the stripping and the crackle equivalent damage that cause epithelium can be prevented.
The feature of anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing of the present invention is, it possesses: metal foreign steamer, metally interiorly to take turns, itself and described foreign steamer configure concentrically by multiple rolling body and relatively to rotate freely, with the ceramic spraying plating epithelium of anti-electrocorrosion, it is formed at described interior outside surface of taking turns by plasma spraying method, the surface roughness Ra of described interior outside surface of taking turns is 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm, described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is made up of the material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, the content of aluminum oxide is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight, and the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight, organic system resin is utilized to implement sealing pores to described ceramic spraying plating epithelium, the thickness of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, the volume specific resistance of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 10 13Ω cm ~ 10 16Ω cm.
According to the invention described above, ceramic spraying plating epithelium is made up of the material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, and the film forming efficiency therefore during spraying plating is high, can carry out film forming with low cost.The content of the aluminum oxide in pottery spraying plating epithelium is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight, and the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight, therefore compare can maintain high insulating property with the common material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, can 10 be realized 13Ω cm ~ 10 16the volume specific resistance of Ω cm.Owing to being 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm by the surface roughness Ra of the outside surface of wheel in ceramic spraying plating coating film, therefore, it is possible to obtain the high adhesion with ceramic spraying plating epithelium.The thickness of pottery spraying plating epithelium is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, the reduction effect of manufacturing cost is large, and the impact of the unrelieved stress of the shear-stress be difficult to because producing between taking turns under the environment for use that temperature head is large and in rolling bearing or epithelium inside and the reduction of physical strength occurs, the stripping and the crackle equivalent damage that cause epithelium can be prevented.
Preferably make the surface roughness Ra after the precision work process implemented after described sealing pores of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium be less than 1 μm, and degree of bias Rsk is adjusted to is less than 0.Because the surface roughness Ra after making precision work process is less than 1 μm, make the degree of bias Rsk of the benchmark as concave-convex surface be less than 0, thus projection is few on the surface.Therefore, it is possible to the distribution that the electric field produced from the teeth outwards when reducing current flowing is concentrated, especially puncture of insulation can be improved.
The ceramic powder that described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 3 μm ~ 15 μm preferably by spraying plating median size is formed.If median size is too small, then the mobility of ceramic powder during film forming reduces, and cannot stably supply, thickness is easily uneven.If median size is excessive, then can produce the part of film forming under the state of completely melting, by exceedingly porous materialization, be difficult to fill hole sealing agent, insulating property reduce.
If the breakdown voltage of the per unit thickness of above-mentioned ceramic spraying plating epithelium is adjusted to more than 35kV/mm, though flow in rolling bearing high electric current, also can not there is the puncture of insulation of ceramic spraying plating epithelium, weather resistance can be improved extraordinarily.
The effect of invention
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, film forming efficiency during spraying plating is high, and the thickness of epithelium is thin, thus significantly can reduce manufacturing cost.Owing to making titanium oxide be low levels, therefore, it is possible to maintain high insulating property.Owing to reducing the surfaceness of the outside surface of foreign steamer or interior wheel, the high adhesion with epithelium therefore can be obtained.Because the thickness of ceramic spraying plating epithelium is thin, be therefore difficult to the impact of the unrelieved stress of shear-stress because producing between foreign steamer or interior wheel or epithelium inside and the reduction of physical strength occurs, the crackle and stripping etc. that cause epithelium can be prevented.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing of taking turns an embodiment of the invention being formed with ceramic spraying plating epithelium outside.
Fig. 2 is at interior sectional view of taking turns the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing of another embodiment being formed with ceramic spraying plating epithelium.
Embodiment
The following describes embodiments of the present invention.Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 of an embodiment of the invention.Anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 uses ball as the ball bearing of rolling body, to configure concentrically with foreign steamer 2 primarily of the metal foreign steamer 2 of ring-type and the relative ring-type rotated freely metal interior take turns 3, be configured at foreign steamer 2 and interior take turns ring-type between 3 retainer 4 and be kept multiple rolling bodys 5 that device 4 keeps and form.It should be noted that, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, is applicable to other shape, form or is provided with all anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearings of other parts.As other anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing, such as, taper roller bearing, roller bearing etc. can be enumerated.
Be formed with the foreign steamer siding track face 2a of cross section arc-shaped in the inner circumferential of foreign steamer 2, be formed with foreign steamer side minor diameter part 2b etc. in the both sides of foreign steamer siding track face 2a.Be formed in the arc-shaped of cross section in interior periphery of taking turns 3 and take turns siding track face 3a, be formed in interior both sides of taking turns siding track face 3a and interiorly take turns side minor diameter part 3b etc.Retainer 4 has multiple recess 4a at circumferential direction, rotatably maintains the spherical rolling body of metal 5 at each recess 4a.Inside take turns 3 when rotating relative to foreign steamer 2, multiple rolling body 5 rotates at foreign steamer siding track face 2a and interior wheel on the 3a of siding track face, and rolling body 5 moves to the interior identical direction of sense of rotation of taking turns 3.The retainer 4 of multiple rolling body 5 is kept also to move to the direction identical with rolling body 5.
Anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 is mainly applicable to the rolling bearing of turning axle of the electro-motor of support vehicle, generator, electric installation, the electric current produced in electro-motor etc. along foreign steamer 2, rolling body 5, interior take turns 3 flowing when, make anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 not produce electrocorrosion.At the not shown shell for installing anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1, be fixed with foreign steamer 2 with the state contacted.For the outside surface 21 of the foreign steamer 2 as the contact part with shell, entirety imparts insulation function.By making the outside surface 21 of foreign steamer 2 be state of insulation, electric current does not flow to anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1, can prevent electrocorrosion.
In order to prevent this electrocorrosion, be formed with the ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 as insulation layer at the outside surface 21 of foreign steamer 2.It should be noted that, in present embodiment, define ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 at foreign steamer 2, but also can form same ceramic spraying plating epithelium at interior outside surface 31 of taking turns 3 as shown in Figure 2.In this situation, the outside surface 31 of inside taking turns 3 contacts with not shown turning axle.As the stupalith for the formation of spraying plating epithelium, usual known Al 2o 3, MgO, TiO 2, Cr 2o 3, ZrO 2, HfO 2, SiO 2, Y 2o 3, Al 2o 3tiO 2, Al 2o 3siO 2, Al 2o 3mgO etc.Wherein, as the pottery of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 forming present embodiment, the material that can to use with aluminum oxide or titanium oxide etc. be main component.More particularly, gray oxide aluminium (Al can be enumerated 2o 3, TiO 2), aluminum oxide yttrium oxide (3Al 2o 35Y 2o 3), aluminum oxide magnesium oxide (MgAl 2o 4), alumina silica (3Al 2o 32SiO 2) etc.Particularly, the gray oxide aluminium being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide is suitable.
As the material of the ceramic spraying plating epithelium of anti-electrocorrosion, known breakdown voltage and the high white alumina (Al of volume specific resistance 2o 3).Above-mentioned gray oxide aluminium (Al 2o 3, TiO 2) in containing as the titanium oxide of conducting material, the volume specific resistance of gray oxide aluminium is lower than white alumina, and breakdown voltage is also less than white alumina.On the other hand, as the advantage selecting gray oxide aluminium, film forming efficiency can be enumerated.Titanium oxide (TiO 2) fusing point lower than white alumina.Therefore, with aluminum oxide (Al 2o 3) be 100% situation compare, containing titanium oxide (TiO 2) time be easily attached to metal base, easily form uniform epithelium.Therefore, select yield rate during gray oxide aluminium good, can manufacturing cost be reduced.
Therefore, need to consider that breakdown voltage and the aspect of performance of volume specific resistance and the balance of cost aspect are to select the material of ceramic spraying plating epithelium, the material gray oxide aluminium that in present embodiment, the most applicable use is main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide.As not damaging the aspect of performance of breakdown voltage and volume specific resistance, the mixed ratio of low cost can being realized, make that the content of the aluminum oxide in ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight, the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight.The content of the titanium oxide in ceramic spraying plating epithelium is preferably made to be 0.5 % by weight further ~ be less than 1 % by weight.
Reason at least containing titanium oxide in ceramic spraying plating epithelium is to consider in manufacturing cost as mentioned above, and the reason containing a large amount of aluminum oxide is to maintain high breakdown voltage and high volume specific resistance.That is, by making the content of titanium oxide be 2 % by weight to the maximum, the reduction of the insulating property that inhibit conducting material titanium oxide to cause.In addition, by making the content of titanium oxide be defined in described mixed ratio, high volume specific resistance can be obtained.Specifically, 10 are achieved 13Ω cm ~ 10 16the volume specific resistance of Ω cm.Thereby, it is possible to maintain high insulating property and good volume specific resistance, manufacturing cost can be reduced simultaneously.
Adjust the thickness particularly important in the present invention of ceramic spraying plating epithelium.The thickness of present embodiment is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, defines very thin ceramic spraying plating epithelium compared with the past.More preferably the scope of thickness is 70 μm ~ 85 μm.By making the ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 of the outside surface 21,31 being formed at foreign steamer 2 or interior wheel 3 very thin, there is following advantage.In the film formation process of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10, the operation of the whole film formation surface spray time ceramic powder of the metal base as object is needed to the time grown most, certain thickness thicker then spraying plating time is also longer.If thickness can be made to be as thin as the degree of present embodiment, compared with the pastly significantly can shorten film formation time, the reduction effect of manufacturing cost is high.
And then under the environment for use that the electro-motor equitemperature difference of rail vehicle is large, foreign steamer 2 or the interior wheel 3 of anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 produce Strong shear stress sometimes with the interface of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10.Shear-stress forms the power for ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 of tearing from foreign steamer 2 or interior wheel 3, causes the stripping of epithelium.In addition, the unrelieved stress that the thermal contraction occurred when the inside of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 exists film forming causes, due to the impact of this unrelieved stress, physical strength also can reduce sometimes, causes the reduction of shock-resistance.
In these, the thickness of the ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 of present embodiment is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, and define very thin epithelium, shear-stress is little, is difficult to the stripping that epithelium occurs.And unrelieved stress during film forming is also little, be thus difficult to the reduction causing physical strength.Therefore, it is possible to do not cause stripping and the crackle equivalent damage of epithelium.Make the upper limit of the thickness of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 be that the meaning of 100 μm is described above, making the lower limit of thickness be 50 μm is because if thickness is thinner than 50 μm, cannot maintain insulating property.It should be noted that, in order to control the thickness of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10, such as, adjusting film formation time.
Sealing pores is implemented to block pore to ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10.Spraying plating epithelium has pore usually in its principle, and the difference of the structure of the pore had according to spraying plating epithelium, gas, liquid infiltrate into be coated to base material sometimes.If do not implement sealing pores, then such as water can enter in pore and insulating property are reduced.Hole sealing agent not only can carry out sealing of hole to the pore of deposited metal, but also has the effect of the closing force of the epithelium after maintaining sealing pores.In present embodiment, the void content of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 is made to be less than 6%.If make the void content of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 be greater than 6%, then sometimes fully cannot fill hole sealing agent, the effect of hole sealing agent cannot have been given play to.About the control of void content, except adjusting the granularity of ceramic powder, also can by carrying out adjusting etc. to carry out to spray torch and as the pressure of the distance between the foreign steamer 2 of handled object or the outside surface 21,31 of interior wheel 3, spraying plating atmosphere.
As the organic system resin of sealing pores, as long as the resin with mobility of the pore of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 can be invaded.When selecting, consider molecular-weight average and the viscosity of synthetic resins.Synthetic resins can use the known synthetic resins such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, fluorine resin, urethane resin, resol, xylene resin, vibrin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyamide resin, melamine resin such as such as bisphenol f type epoxy resin, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, many glycidyls (methyl) acrylate.They separately or can mix two or more and use.
The ceramic powder that pottery spraying plating epithelium 10 is 3 μm ~ 15 μm by spraying plating median size is formed.By the ceramic powder that spraying plating median size is 3 μm ~ 15 μm, the void content of deposited metal can be controlled to be less than 6%, the deviation of pore opening can be suppressed.By the ceramic powder using particle diameter little as in the present embodiment, obtain the little and uniform ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 of pore opening of pore.If the size of pore can be made even, the filling extent of hole sealing agent can be made good, and can suppress the deviation of insulating property, be favourable from this respect.
The median size of preferably ceramic powder is little, if but too small, then in the spraying plating operation forming spraying plating epithelium, the mobility of ceramic powder reduces, and likely cannot stably supply.If produce uneven in the transport of ceramic powder, then skin film strength easily produces deviation, and thickness easily becomes uneven.From this viewpoint, median size is preferably used to be the scope of 3 μm ~ 15 μm, to be more preferably the ceramic powder of 3 μm ~ 12 μm.If the median size of ceramic powder is more than 15 μm, then can produce the part of film forming under the state of completely melting, by exceedingly porous materialization, be difficult to fill hole sealing agent, insulating property reduce.
After utilizing organic system resin to implement sealing pores to ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10, implement the precision work process such as attrition process, surface texture is controlled to surface roughness Ra and is less than 1 μm and degree of bias Rsk is less than 0.
About the surface texture of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10, the degree of bias Rsk that the arithmetic average roughness specified with JISB0660 (Ra) and JISB0601 specify is index.Degree of bias Rsk is the physical quantity that the cubic average value of height tolerance in datum length obtains divided by root mean square cube.Degree of bias Rsk is the mathematical criterion of the concavo-convex difference on performance surface, becomes the concavo-convex symmetric benchmark in indicated object face.Residue in the projection of minority on surface and the existence of low ebb after the value of degree of bias Rsk can be polished and significantly affect.There is sharp-pointed projection on surface, the convex surface of surfaceness be when amassing large, degree of bias Rsk be on the occasion of; When projection and low ebb symmetry, degree of bias Rsk is close to 0; The recess sharply caved in below is many, the concave surface of surfaceness amasss large, degree of bias Rsk demonstrates negative value.Therefore, surface roughness Ra is less than 1 μm and degree of bias Rsk is less than the foreign steamer 2 of the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 of 0 or interior wheel 3 has the few surface texture of sharp projection.
Also control surface proterties can be carried out by the particle diameter of ceramic powder during adjustment spraying plating.Pottery spraying plating epithelium 10 obtains as follows: supply ceramic powder in heat source, and the outside surface 21,31 heating of this ceramic powder is made its melting jetting on one side to foreign steamer 2 or interior wheel 3, makes melt granules accumulation and obtain ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10.Ceramic powder is supplied in thermal source continuously with tens thousand of units, and the different particle of result flatness is piled up out of orderly.Except attrition process, by using median size to be the ceramic powder of the scope of 3 μm ~ 15 μm as in this embodiment, also may be controlled to surfaceness (Ra) and degree of bias Rsk demonstrates above-mentioned value.And then by utilizing organic system resin to carry out sealing pores, surface roughness Ra and degree of bias Rsk easily demonstrate above-mentioned value.
If there are many projections on the surface of spraying plating epithelium, then when electric current is for flowing to anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1, preferentially apply voltage to this projection, the position that electric field is concentrated is scattered.There is surface roughness Ra be less than 1 μm and degree of bias Rsk is less than foreign steamer 2 or the interior wheel 3 of the surface texture of 0 by being formed as in this embodiment, the sharp projection of epithelial surfaces reduces, the distribution that the electric field that produces from the teeth outwards is concentrated can be reduced, puncture of insulation can be improved extraordinarily.Thereby, it is possible to the breakdown voltage making the per unit thickness of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 is more than 35kV/mm.
Pottery spraying plating epithelium 10 is formed by any one in atmosphere plasma sputtering process, reduced pressure plasma sputtering process, high-speed flame sputtering process, gas flame sputtering process, arc spraying, water plasmas sputtering process, arc spraying, blast sputtering process.By using these various sputtering processs, excellent in te pins of durability can be obtained and the ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 of high-quality.Filming condition based on each sputtering process can according to the suitably setting such as base material, raw material powder, thickness, manufacturing environment.
Wherein, plasma spraying method is the sputtering process using electric energy as thermal source, utilizes argon or hydrogen etc. to carry out film forming as the generation source of plasma body.By dystectic stupalith film forming densely, the manufacture method of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 can be suitable as because heat source temperature is high, flame velocity fast.
If enumerate an example of the operation for obtaining ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10, carry out successively as the purifying treatment of the foreign steamer 2 of base material or the outside surface 21,31 of interior wheel 3, outside surface 21,31 based on spray the roughened of processing, undercoat process, as the spraying plating of the ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 of top coat, the sealing pores on the top layer of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10, surface grinding process.According to the difference of depositing materials, sometimes also omit undercoat process or comprise other operations such as preheating procedure.
Before injection processing, be attached to the grease, iron rust etc. of the outside surface 21,31 of foreign steamer 2 or interior wheel 3 by removings such as degreasing, pickling, sandblastings.Then, using pressurized air as drive source, by SiC particle, Al 2o 3the outside surface 21,31 of the hard grinding particles such as particle to the foreign steamer 2 after purification or interior wheel 3 carries out injection processing, forms the roughening state that surface roughness Ra is 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm.When spraying plating afterwards, because the shape of particulate when spraying along roughening of molten state physically engages well, therefore, as above the foreign steamer 2 of roughening or the outside surface 21,31 of interior wheel 3 effectively play a role for improving the closing force of spraying plating epithelium.Undercoat can improve the outside surface 21,31 of foreign steamer 2 or interior wheel 3 and the adaptation of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10, prevents stripping or the crackle of epithelium.
Necessarily undercoat is not set, when directly spraying plating ceramic powder carries out film forming to foreign steamer 2 or interior wheel 3, as long as adopt ceramic powder can the spraying plating condition of melting completely.Therefore, make the median size of ceramic powder be the scope of 3 μm ~ 15 μm as in the present embodiment, and by optimization such as the flight velocitys of plasma heat source and plasma particle.
As described above, ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 is formed at the outside surface 21 of the foreign steamer 2 of anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 or the outside surface 31 of interior wheel 3, even if therefore such as produce high-voltage at the turning axle of the electro-motor of rail vehicle, the turning axle of generator, this rolling bearing 1 supporting this turning axle also can give full play to anti-electrocorrosion effect.It should be noted that, in present embodiment, in the mode of single layer structure, ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 is set at the foreign steamer 2 of anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 or interior wheel 3, but different ceramic spraying plating epitheliums also can be made to be multilayer or other metal level is set on the upper strata of ceramic spraying plating epithelium.
According to the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing 1 of above-mentioned present embodiment, ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 is made up of the material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, and the film forming efficiency therefore during spraying plating is high, can carry out film forming with low cost.Content due to the aluminum oxide in ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight and the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight, therefore compare can maintain high insulating property with the common material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, can 10 be realized 13Ω cm ~ 10 16the volume specific resistance of Ω cm.Owing to being 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm by the surface roughness Ra of the outside surface 21,31 of the coating foreign steamer 2 of ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10 or interior wheel 3, therefore, it is possible to obtain the high adhesion with ceramic spraying plating epithelium 10.The thickness of pottery spraying plating epithelium 10 is 50 μm ~ 100 μm, the reduction effect of manufacturing cost is large, and the impact of the unrelieved stress of the shear-stress be difficult to because producing under the environment for use that temperature head is large and between the foreign steamer 2 of rolling bearing or interior wheel 3 or epithelium inside and the reduction of physical strength occurs, the stripping and the crackle equivalent damage that cause epithelium can be prevented.Thereby, it is possible to significantly reduce manufacturing cost, even if be also difficult to sustain damage under diversified environment, there is high adhesion simultaneously and sufficient insulating property can be shown.
In addition, because the surface roughness Ra after making precision work process is less than 1 μm, make the degree of bias Rsk of the benchmark as concave-convex surface be less than 0, thus projection is few on the surface.Therefore, it is possible to the distribution that the electric field produced from the teeth outwards when reducing current flowing is concentrated, especially puncture of insulation can be improved.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention is illustrated in greater detail by embodiment.The present invention is not limited to these embodiments.According to above-mentioned embodiment, the surface of metal base make make composition, as the ceramic powder of raw material particle diameter, thickness, sealing pores, base surface roughness, film forming rear surface roughness and volume specific resistance change after test film, puncture of insulation is evaluated.Implement dielectric breakdown test, measure breakdown voltage, carry out the evaluation of puncture of insulation.
Dielectric breakdown test method is as described below.The aluminium foil of 80 × 80mm is positioned over the central authorities on the surface of carrying out film forming of test film, between aluminium foil and the test film back side, applies voltage.Till voltage is increased to coating damage from 0kV at leisure, read by prerupture magnitude of voltage.The value obtained divided by thickness by this magnitude of voltage is as the breakdown voltage of per unit thickness.Use the TOS-5101 of chrysanthemum aqueous electron Industrial Co., Ltd manufacture as electrical-resistance test device.
Outside the standard that thickness uses MitutoyoCorporation to manufacture, micrometer M100 measures, and the 2800G that surfaceness uses the accurate SURFCOM in (strain) Tokyo to manufacture measures.The measuring method of volume specific resistance is as described below.The aluminium foil of 80 × 80mm is positioned over the central authorities on the surface of carrying out film forming of test film, between aluminium foil and the test film back side, applies voltage.By by this voltage divided by the electric current now circulated, calculate resistance value R.Volume specific resistance ρ usable floor area S (8 × 8cm), thickness d (cm) represent as follows.The direct current electrical-resistance test device IP-701G that the device used in the mensuration of volume specific resistance manufactures for MusashiIntechInc..
ρ=R × (S/d) unit: Ω cm
First, utilize to spray to process and roughened is carried out to the one side of the flat board of the SS400 of 100 × 100 × 10mm, carry out ceramic spraying plating afterwards, sealing pores is implemented to the top layer that film forming goes out, finally carries out grinding precision work, produce test film.Without in the comparative example of sealing pores, the grinding precision work at ceramic spraying plating laggard row.Roughened is sprayed processing by aluminum oxide grid and is carried out, and sealing pores burns till and carries out after coating epoxy hole sealing agent, and last grinding precision work uses face lapping mill to carry out.The volume specific resistance of epithelium and breakdown voltage can not be affected by the shape of base material substantially, this is because, tighter evaluation result can be obtained when utilizing the tabular test film easily obtaining homogeneous condition to compare.
Spraying plating condition is as described below.Sputtering process: plasma spraying method, current value: 600A, argon flow amount: 40NLPM, hydrogen flowing quantity: 8.5NLPM, spraying plating distance: 100mm, step scanning (rifle speed of feed: 600mm/sec, 3mm spacing).
The result of the presence or absence of the composition (content of titanium dioxide) of each embodiment and comparative example, the particle diameter of ceramic powder, thickness, sealing pores, base surface roughness, film forming rear surface roughness, volume specific resistance, dielectric breakdown test is shown in table 1.The result of dielectric breakdown test represents with the breakdown voltage (kV/mm) of breakdown voltage (kV) and per unit thickness.In table 1, base surface roughness refers to and carries out the roughness after roughened by spraying processing to the one side of flat board, and the surfaceness after film forming refers to be implemented sealing pores to the top layer of film forming and carries out the surfaceness after grinding precision work.When without sealing pores, for carrying out the surfaceness after grinding precision work to the surface after film forming.
In embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 7, the breakdown voltage of per unit thickness is all high.In comparative example 1, the breakdown voltage of per unit thickness is low.In comparative example 2, thickness is thin, and the breakdown voltage of per unit thickness is low.Do not implement, in the comparative example 3 of sealing pores, easily to comprise the moisture in air, observe the tendency of easy puncture of insulation.In the comparative example 4 that base surface roughness is little, adaptation is low, in film forming, there occurs stripping.In comparative example 5, the surfaceness of base material is large, and the breakdown voltage of per unit thickness is low.Think that reason there occurs electric field to concentrate.In the comparative example 6 that surfaceness after film forming is large, although the breakdown voltage of per unit thickness is high, find at epithelial surfaces the vestige that electric field is concentrated.In comparative example 7, the particle diameter of ceramic powder is too small, and epithelium becomes fine and close, creates crackle in operation.Surfaceness in comparative example 8 after film forming is large, and the breakdown voltage of per unit thickness is low.Think that reason there occurs electric field to concentrate.
Nomenclature
1 anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing
2 foreign steamers
Wheel in 3
5 rolling bodys
The outside surface of 21 foreign steamers
The outside surface of wheel in 31

Claims (5)

1. an anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing, is characterized in that, it possesses:
Metal foreign steamer;
Metally interiorly to take turns, itself and described foreign steamer configure concentrically by multiple rolling body and relatively to rotate freely; With
The ceramic spraying plating epithelium of anti-electrocorrosion, it is formed at the outside surface of described foreign steamer by plasma spraying method,
The surface roughness Ra of the outside surface of described foreign steamer is 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm,
Described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is made up of the material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, and the content of aluminum oxide is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight, and the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight,
Organic system resin is utilized to implement sealing pores to described ceramic spraying plating epithelium,
The thickness of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 50 μm ~ 100 μm,
The volume specific resistance of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 10 13Ω cm ~ 10 16Ω cm.
2. an anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing, is characterized in that, it possesses:
Metal foreign steamer;
Metally interiorly to take turns, itself and described foreign steamer configure concentrically by multiple rolling body and relatively to rotate freely; With
The ceramic spraying plating epithelium of anti-electrocorrosion, it is formed at described interior outside surface of taking turns by plasma spraying method,
The surface roughness Ra of described interior outside surface of taking turns is 0.5 μm ~ 2.0 μm,
Described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is made up of the material being main component with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide, and the content of aluminum oxide is 98.0 % by weight ~ 99.5 % by weight, and the content of titanium oxide is 0.5 % by weight ~ 2 % by weight,
Organic system resin is utilized to implement sealing pores to described ceramic spraying plating epithelium,
The thickness of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 50 μm ~ 100 μm,
The volume specific resistance of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 10 13Ω cm ~ 10 16Ω cm.
3. anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the surface roughness Ra after the precision work process implemented after described sealing pores of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is less than 1 μm, and degree of bias Rsk is less than 0.
4. the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, the ceramic powder that described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is 3 μm ~ 15 μm by spraying plating median size is formed.
5. the anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that, the breakdown voltage of the per unit thickness of described ceramic spraying plating epithelium is more than 35kV/mm.
CN201480016798.7A 2013-03-28 2014-01-07 Anti-electrocorrosion rolling bearing Active CN105051240B (en)

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