CN106637040A - Method for steel rail surface treatment by laminar plasma - Google Patents
Method for steel rail surface treatment by laminar plasma Download PDFInfo
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- CN106637040A CN106637040A CN201610861201.XA CN201610861201A CN106637040A CN 106637040 A CN106637040 A CN 106637040A CN 201610861201 A CN201610861201 A CN 201610861201A CN 106637040 A CN106637040 A CN 106637040A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for steel rail surface treatment by laminar plasma, and relates to the technical field of steel rail remanufacturing treatment. The method adopts a non-transfer arc laminar plasma generator as a heat source; the non-transfer arc laminar plasma generator moves relatively in parallel at constant speed along the longitudinal axis of a steel rail; a wire and powder feeding device axially feeds powder along the center of the non-transfer arc laminar plasma generator to spray composite powder to the surface of the steel rail; and a cladding layer is formed after injection cladding by the non-transfer arc laminar plasma generator. The method adopts laminar arc plasma beam remanufacturing system equipment to perform the heat surface reinforcement treatment for rail junctions, steel rails, wheels and other rail vehicle parts; and treated materials are more obvious in surface hardness reinforcing effect, and greatly improve the wear resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rail reconstructive procedures technical field, carries out steel using laminar flow plasma more specifically to one kind
The method of track surface process.
Background technology
With high speed, the heavy loading of China's track traffic, railway operation condition is increasingly harsh so that railway and its match somebody with somebody
Part, rail locomotive parts stress are more severe, accelerate failure speed, shorten service life.The master of rail vehicle
Want parts and the production of accessory that the situation that supply falls short of demand is presented, the production capacity of domestic enterprise can not meet the need in market
Ask, some rail vehicle parts and railway casting also need to solve by import；In addition, rail vehicle parts and accessory are most
Number is steel-casting, and surface treatment process is sufficiently complex, once failure, can only melt down process, it is impossible to realize the circulation of the surplus value
Recycle.
With following rail facility and the equipment continuous expansion of storage, renewal, how to reclaim and make full use of and be retired old
Changing facility, equipment and its part becomes an important research topic in green field of track traffic.2010, National Development and Reform Committee
Issue Deng 11 ministries and commissions joint《Suggestion with regard to advancing remanufacturing industry development》, clearly railway locomotive is remanufactured to list in and remanufactures
Field is given priority to, the new page that railway is remanufactured has been raised.
Remanufacture be maintenance development advanced stage, be a kind of important technology in advanced manufacture field, and waste product
High-tech is repaired, the commercial application of transformation.It with the parts of waste product as blank, using advanced surface engineering technology
Which is repaired, most cases are to prepare in the piece surface for damaging that a thin layer is wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, resisting fatigue face coat.
Remanufacture product quality and performances prototype new product, and cost are met or exceeded then less than the 50% of prototype new product, energy-conservation 60%,
Section material 70%, the harmful effect to environment are significantly reduced, and belong to typical green manufacturing.
Nearly two over 100 years, the surface of the related track part such as rail, wheel hub, track switch, railway locomotive bearing, wheel, axletree
Reinforcing always is the global focus of attention with reparation, but as its own high-performance, high-melting-point and uniqueness are using special
Point, conventional art and technology emerging in recent decades are not used to its surface reconditioning with reinforcing.The each big industrial powers in the world,
Such as the country such as the U.S., Russia, Germany, Russia, has put into substantial amounts of manpower and material resources every year, for railway re-manufacturing technology
Research, but still this difficult problem is not fundamentally solved, for now, Russia strengthens wheel hub side in traditional plasma
Face achieves some application progress, and the U.S. and Chinese Railway academy also achieve topical application in laser reinforcing raceway surface and enter
Exhibition, but from basic practical application, this still falls within the world-famous puzzle do not broken through.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art and defect, the invention provides a kind of utilize laminar flow plasma
The method for carrying out Rail Surface process, the goal of the invention of the present invention are intended to fill up the blank of railway remanufacturing system equipment, adopt
Railway switch, rail, wheel and other rail vehicle parts are entered with laminar flow arc-plasma beam remanufacturing system equipment
Row hot surface intensive treatment, clearly, its wearability is also greatly carried treated material surface hardness reinforced effects
It is high.
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of method that utilization laminar flow plasma carries out Rail Surface process, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps：
Rail Surface pre-treatment step：By Rail Surface mechanical treatment or chemically treated method, remove surface rust and
Greasy dirt；
The pre-heat treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, the pre-heat treatment is carried out to Rail Surface；
Rail Surface cladding step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, untransferable arc laminar flow plasma
Generator is at the uniform velocity moved along rail longitudinal axis are opposing parallel, by wire feed dust feeder along untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator
Central axial powder feeding, to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, and after the injection cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator,
Form cladding layer；
Rail Surface cooling treatment step：After the completion of cladding, Rail Surface carries out water cooling or natural cooling；
Rail Surface reprocesses step：On the Rail Surface in addition to cladding layer, then machinery is carried out with rust cleaning apparatus and articles for use
Process or chemical treatment, to remove the oxide film produced more than 4 hours its surfaces after slow cooling again, Rail Surface is revealed again
Go out fresh metallic luster；
Rail Surface spray treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, by wire feed dust feeder
Along the central axial powder feeding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, to one layer of coating material of Rail Surface spray feed, non-diverting segment
Coating material is sprayed on Rail Surface by stream plasma generator, forms Rail Surface coating.
To Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step, specifically refer to：In rail upper surface or
Person rail upper surface and with upper surface close to rail Hubei Province surface one layer of composite powder of spray feed, or the upper and lower two-layer composite powder of spray feed
End, Jing after untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator one or many cladding, forms cladding layer or forms upper and lower double-layer structure
Cladding layer.
The composite powder be Co-based alloy powder, iron(-)base powder, ni-fe-based alloy powder, Co-based alloy powder,
Oxide ceramic powder, nano-oxide ceramic powders, nickel bag oxide ceramic powder and nickel encompass a meter oxide ceramic powder
In one or more uniform mixed powder.
The coating material is one kind or any in zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminium nitride, Red copper oxide, iron powder and aluminium powder
Two or more mixing and the coating material that formed.
The powder sending quantity of the wire feed dust feeder is 30g/min～90 g/min.
The porosity of the Rail Surface coating is 0.5%～5%.
The power of the untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is more than or equal to 200KW.
The cladding speed of the untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is 30kg/h.
The untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator mainly adopts axis cylindrical anode structure, along anode posts peripheral circular
The negative electrode of three or more than three is evenly arranged, and anode is divided into multiple different parts and connection electric arc, shape is formed with corresponding negative electrode
Into the long beam plasma arc of high arc voltage small current laminar flow；Anode and negative electrode are installed on same base fixed, mutually insulated, bottom
Seat has a water, electricity, gas passage, the outer surface opposing insulation of cylindrical anode, only in the exposed conduction of head near outlet, so as to
Electric field is formed between negative electrode.
The working gas that the untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is used is argon, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen and ammonia
In one kind or arbitrarily two or more mixing.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial technique effect brought by the present invention shows：
1st, the method remanufactured to railway using laminar flow plasma by the present invention, in terms of having filled up railway remanufacturing system
The world is blank.It is demonstrated experimentally that the laminar flow plasma using the present invention carries out the method for Rail Surface process to railway switch, steel
Rail, wheel and other rail vehicle parts carry out hot surface intensive treatment, treated material surface hardness reinforced effects
Clearly, its wearability is also greatly improved.In this respect, applicant's early stage has been carried out greatly to various tracks and wheel hub steel
Laminar flow plasma beam Surface heat-treatent (untransferable arc) test of amount, and extracted sample segment and carry out third party's detection, examine
Survey result to show：After process, track and wheel hub steel surface hardness improve three-to-four-fold, and its wearability improves more than 10 times.The present invention
Method is used for railroad track and wheel, will be greatly enhanced its wearability, extends rail and wheel service life at double, to China
Railway construction and maintenance are with milestone significance.In addition, being shown by making the real work of pick to railway firm by ramming and testing：Jing laminar flows
The pick life-span of making firm by ramming of plasma beam Surface heat-treatent improves at least 5 times.
2nd, the inventive method, on original rail, increased by laminar flow plasma melting coating technique and is had with Rail Surface
Another middle material --- the cladding layer of adhesion, makes rail be provided with two kinds of materials very well.Than original rail, with high hard
The characteristics of degree, the high yield limiting range of stress and low-frictional force.So as to enhance the durability of rail, and improve rail and fixed steel
The service life of gauge lines original paper.
3rd, the method for the present invention, adopts untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator for thermal source, with laminar flow plasma as thermal source
Cladding is carried out, as laminar flow plasma heat is concentrated, ion arc good stability, the molten consumption of no electrode, quantity of heat given up are uniform, are easy to
Control, so that founding area uniform heat distribution, material fusion are full and uniform, and aerofluxuss scum silica frost is all abundant, shrinkage stress distribution
Uniformly.Due to laminar flow plasma apparatus control accuracy it is high, to the easy to control of cladding area and transition region, and good evenness, stress
It is reasonable that distribution is easily controlled.Various additives are not needed with the protection of the gas mediums such as argon, be there is no row's hydrogen, oxidation etc. yet and asked
Topic, so plasma cladding is more suitable for large area, big thickness, high-quality stiff dough founding（Such as content and high manganses and chromium content ceramic material
Deng）, it is suitable for manufacturing railway switch, rail, wheel and other rail vehicle parts etc..
4th, the method for the present invention, also includes spray treatment step, spray treatment be using laminar flow plasma spraying technology,
Layer of surface coating is sprayed in Rail Surface, the mode of heating of laminar flow plasma limits few to coating material, and coating material is selected
Extensively, and to claddings such as carbide and oxides it is easier.
5th, the method for the present invention, laminar flow plasma are a kind of ionization arcs, are more concentrated than arc-welding machine heat, so firing rate
Faster, for the ion beam more concentrated, high compression ratio aperture is typically adopted, small current will not to control substrate temperature
It is too high, it is to avoid to cause deformation annealing, it is incomparable with laser instrument firing rate.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment discloses：
A kind of method that utilization laminar flow plasma carries out Rail Surface process, comprises the steps：
Rail Surface pre-treatment step：By Rail Surface mechanical treatment or chemically treated method, remove surface rust and
Greasy dirt；
The pre-heat treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, the pre-heat treatment is carried out to Rail Surface；
Rail Surface cladding step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, untransferable arc laminar flow plasma
Generator is at the uniform velocity moved along rail longitudinal axis are opposing parallel, by wire feed dust feeder along untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator
Central axial powder feeding, to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, and after the injection cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator,
Form cladding layer；
Rail Surface cooling treatment step：After the completion of cladding, Rail Surface carries out water cooling or natural cooling；
Rail Surface reprocesses step：On the Rail Surface in addition to cladding layer, then machinery is carried out with rust cleaning apparatus and articles for use
Process or chemical treatment, to remove the oxide film produced more than 4 hours its surfaces after slow cooling again, Rail Surface is revealed again
Go out fresh metallic luster；
Rail Surface spray treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, by wire feed dust feeder
Along the central axial powder feeding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, to one layer of coating material of Rail Surface spray feed, non-diverting segment
Coating material is sprayed on Rail Surface by stream plasma generator, forms Rail Surface coating.
Embodiment 2
As another embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment discloses：
A kind of method that utilization laminar flow plasma carries out Rail Surface process, comprises the steps：
Rail Surface pre-treatment step：By Rail Surface mechanical treatment or chemically treated method, remove surface rust and
Greasy dirt；
The pre-heat treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, the pre-heat treatment is carried out to Rail Surface；
Rail Surface cladding step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, untransferable arc laminar flow plasma
Generator is at the uniform velocity moved along rail longitudinal axis are opposing parallel, by wire feed dust feeder along untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator
Central axial powder feeding, to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, and after the injection cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator,
Form cladding layer；
To Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step, specifically refer to：In rail upper surface spray feed one
Layer composite powder, Jing after the cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, forms cladding layer；
In the present embodiment, can also be to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step：In rail
Upper surface and with upper surface close to the upper and lower two-layer composite powder of rail Hubei Province surface spray feed, Jing untransferable arc laminar flows plasma occur
After the multiple cladding of device, the cladding layer of upper and lower double-layer structure is formed；
Rail Surface cooling treatment step：After the completion of cladding, Rail Surface carries out water cooling or natural cooling；
Rail Surface reprocesses step：On the Rail Surface in addition to cladding layer, then machinery is carried out with rust cleaning apparatus and articles for use
Process or chemical treatment, to remove the oxide film produced more than 4 hours its surfaces after slow cooling again, Rail Surface is revealed again
Go out fresh metallic luster；
Rail Surface spray treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, by wire feed dust feeder
Along the central axial powder feeding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, to one layer of coating material of Rail Surface spray feed, non-diverting segment
Coating material is sprayed on Rail Surface by stream plasma generator, forms Rail Surface coating.
Embodiment 3
As another embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment discloses：
A kind of method that utilization laminar flow plasma carries out Rail Surface process, comprises the steps：
Rail Surface pre-treatment step：By Rail Surface mechanical treatment or chemically treated method, remove surface rust and
Greasy dirt；
The pre-heat treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, the pre-heat treatment is carried out to Rail Surface；
Rail Surface cladding step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, untransferable arc laminar flow plasma
Generator is at the uniform velocity moved along rail longitudinal axis are opposing parallel, by wire feed dust feeder along untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator
Central axial powder feeding, to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, and after the injection cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator,
Form cladding layer；
To Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step, specifically refer to：On rail upper surface spray feed,
Lower two-layer composite powder, Jing after the cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, forms the cladding of upper and lower double-layer structure
Layer；
In the present embodiment, can also be to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step：In rail
Upper surface and with upper surface close to rail Hubei Province surface one layer of composite powder of spray feed, Jing untransferable arc laminar flows plasma generator is once
After cladding, cladding layer is formed；
Rail Surface cooling treatment step：After the completion of cladding, Rail Surface carries out water cooling or natural cooling；
Rail Surface reprocesses step：On the Rail Surface in addition to cladding layer, then machinery is carried out with rust cleaning apparatus and articles for use
Process or chemical treatment, to remove the oxide film produced more than 4 hours its surfaces after slow cooling again, Rail Surface is revealed again
Go out fresh metallic luster；
Rail Surface spray treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, by wire feed dust feeder
Along the central axial powder feeding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, to one layer of coating material of Rail Surface spray feed, non-diverting segment
Coating material is sprayed on Rail Surface by stream plasma generator, forms Rail Surface coating.
In the present embodiment, the composite powder be Co-based alloy powder, or iron(-)base powder, or
Ni-fe-based alloy powder, can also be Co-based alloy powder, can also be oxide ceramic powder.
Embodiment 4
As another embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment discloses：
A kind of method that utilization laminar flow plasma carries out Rail Surface process, comprises the steps：
Rail Surface pre-treatment step：By Rail Surface mechanical treatment or chemically treated method, remove surface rust and
Greasy dirt；
The pre-heat treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, the pre-heat treatment is carried out to Rail Surface；
Rail Surface cladding step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, untransferable arc laminar flow plasma
Generator is at the uniform velocity moved along rail longitudinal axis are opposing parallel, by wire feed dust feeder along untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator
Central axial powder feeding, to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, and after the injection cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator,
Form cladding layer；
To Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step, specifically refer to：On rail upper surface spray feed,
Lower two-layer composite powder, Jing after the cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, forms the cladding of upper and lower double-layer structure
Layer；
In the present embodiment, can also be to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step：In rail
Upper surface and with upper surface close to rail Hubei Province surface one layer of composite powder of spray feed, Jing untransferable arc laminar flows plasma generator is once
After cladding, cladding layer is formed；
Rail Surface cooling treatment step：After the completion of cladding, Rail Surface carries out water cooling or natural cooling；
Rail Surface reprocesses step：On the Rail Surface in addition to cladding layer, then machinery is carried out with rust cleaning apparatus and articles for use
Process or chemical treatment, to remove the oxide film produced more than 4 hours its surfaces after slow cooling again, Rail Surface is revealed again
Go out fresh metallic luster；
Rail Surface spray treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, by wire feed dust feeder
Along the central axial powder feeding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, to one layer of coating material of Rail Surface spray feed, non-diverting segment
Coating material is sprayed on Rail Surface by stream plasma generator, forms Rail Surface coating；
In the present embodiment, the composite powder can be nano-oxide ceramic powders, or nickel bag oxide ceramics
Powder, can also be that nickel encompasses a meter oxide ceramic powder；Can also be iron(-)base powder and the mixing of ni-fe-based alloy powder
Powder, can also be the powder that Co-based alloy powder and oxide ceramic powder are mixed.
In the present embodiment, the coating material can be zirconium oxide, or silicon dioxide, or nitridation
Aluminum, or Red copper oxide, or iron powder, or aluminium powder, can also be silicon dioxide and aluminium nitride mixing and
Into material, can also be aluminium nitride, three kinds of materials for mixing of Red copper oxide and silicon dioxide.
In the present embodiment, the powder sending quantity of the wire feed dust feeder is 30g/min.Powder sending quantity can also be chosen for 50g/
The wire feed dust feeder of min, can also choose the wire feed dust feeder that powder sending quantity is 80g/min；Powder sending quantity can also be chosen is
The wire feed dust feeder of 90g/min；The powder sending quantity of wire feed dust feeder can be according to the thickness of cladding layer or face coat and molten
Cover the spraying rate of speed or face coat to determine.
Embodiment 5
As another embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment discloses：
A kind of method that utilization laminar flow plasma carries out Rail Surface process, comprises the steps：
Rail Surface pre-treatment step：By Rail Surface mechanical treatment or chemically treated method, remove surface rust and
Greasy dirt；
The pre-heat treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, the pre-heat treatment is carried out to Rail Surface；
Rail Surface cladding step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, untransferable arc laminar flow plasma
Generator is at the uniform velocity moved along rail longitudinal axis are opposing parallel, by wire feed dust feeder along untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator
Central axial powder feeding, to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, and after the injection cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator,
Form cladding layer；
To Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step, specifically refer to：On rail upper surface spray feed,
Lower two-layer composite powder, Jing after the cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, forms the cladding of upper and lower double-layer structure
Layer；
In the present embodiment, can also be to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder in the Rail Surface cladding step：In rail
Upper surface and with upper surface close to rail Hubei Province surface one layer of composite powder of spray feed, Jing untransferable arc laminar flows plasma generator is once
After cladding, cladding layer is formed；
Rail Surface cooling treatment step：After the completion of cladding, Rail Surface carries out water cooling or natural cooling；
Rail Surface reprocesses step：On the Rail Surface in addition to cladding layer, then machinery is carried out with rust cleaning apparatus and articles for use
Process or chemical treatment, to remove the oxide film produced more than 4 hours its surfaces after slow cooling again, Rail Surface is revealed again
Go out fresh metallic luster；
Rail Surface spray treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, by wire feed dust feeder
Along the central axial powder feeding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, to one layer of coating material of Rail Surface spray feed, non-diverting segment
Coating material is sprayed on Rail Surface by stream plasma generator, forms Rail Surface coating；
In the present embodiment, the composite powder can be nano-oxide ceramic powders, or nickel bag oxide ceramics
Powder, can also be that nickel encompasses a meter oxide ceramic powder；Can also be iron(-)base powder and the mixing of ni-fe-based alloy powder
Powder, can also be the powder that Co-based alloy powder and oxide ceramic powder are mixed；
In the present embodiment, the coating material can be zirconium oxide, or silicon dioxide, or aluminium nitride,
Can also be Red copper oxide, or iron powder, or aluminium powder, can also be what silicon dioxide and aluminium nitride were mixed
Material, can also be aluminium nitride, three kinds of materials for mixing of Red copper oxide and silicon dioxide；
In the present embodiment, the powder sending quantity of the wire feed dust feeder is 30g/min.Powder sending quantity can also be chosen for 50g/min
Wire feed dust feeder, can also choose powder sending quantity be 80g/min wire feed dust feeder；Powder sending quantity can also be chosen for 90g/
The wire feed dust feeder of min；The powder sending quantity of wire feed dust feeder can be according to cladding layer or the thickness and cladding speed of face coat
The spraying rate of degree or face coat is determining.
In the present embodiment, the porosity of the Rail Surface coating is 0.5%, or 2%, or 5%, steel
The porosity of track surface coating is determined according to the different of sprayed on material.
In the present embodiment, the power of the untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is more than or equal to 200KW；It is non-diverting
The cladding speed of segment stream plasma generator is 30kg/h；The untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator mainly adopts axis
Cylindrical anode structure, is evenly arranged the negative electrode of three or more than three along anode posts peripheral circular, and anode is divided into multiple differences
Position forms connection electric arc with corresponding negative electrode, forms the long beam plasma arc of high arc voltage small current laminar flow；Anode and negative electrode are respectively mounted
Fixed, the mutually insulated on same base, base have a water, electricity, gas passage, the outer surface opposing insulation of cylindrical anode, only
In the exposed conduction of head near outlet, so as to electric field is formed between negative electrode.
The working gas that the untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is used is argon, or nitrogen, it is also possible to
It is helium, or hydrogen, or ammonia；Can also be the mixed gas of argon and nitrogen, can also be helium and
The mixed gas of hydrogen.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that utilization laminar flow plasma carries out Rail Surface process, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps：
Rail Surface pre-treatment step：By Rail Surface mechanical treatment or chemically treated method, remove surface rust and
Greasy dirt；
The pre-heat treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, the pre-heat treatment is carried out to Rail Surface；
Rail Surface cladding step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, untransferable arc laminar flow plasma
Generator is at the uniform velocity moved along rail longitudinal axis are opposing parallel, by wire feed dust feeder along untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator
Central axial powder feeding, to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, and after the injection cladding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator,
Form cladding layer；
Rail Surface cooling treatment step：After the completion of cladding, Rail Surface carries out water cooling or natural cooling；
Rail Surface reprocesses step：On the Rail Surface in addition to cladding layer, then machinery is carried out with rust cleaning apparatus and articles for use
Process or chemical treatment, to remove the oxide film produced more than 4 hours its surfaces after slow cooling again, Rail Surface is revealed again
Go out fresh metallic luster；
Rail Surface spray treatment step：Using untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator as thermal source, by wire feed dust feeder
Along the central axial powder feeding of untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator, to one layer of coating material of Rail Surface spray feed, non-diverting segment
Coating material is sprayed on Rail Surface by stream plasma generator, forms Rail Surface coating.
2. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as claimed in claim 1 carries out Rail Surface process, it is characterised in that：Institute
State in Rail Surface cladding step to Rail Surface spray feed composite powder, specifically refer to：In rail upper surface or on rail
Surface and with upper surface close to rail Hubei Province surface one layer of composite powder of spray feed, or the upper and lower two-layer composite powder of spray feed, Jing are non-diverting
After segment stream plasma generator one or many cladding, form cladding layer or form the cladding layer of upper and lower double-layer structure.
3. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as claimed in claim 1 or 2 carries out Rail Surface process, its feature exist
In：The composite powder is Co-based alloy powder, iron(-)base powder, ni-fe-based alloy powder, Co-based alloy powder, oxide
Ceramic powders, nano-oxide ceramic powders, nickel bag oxide ceramic powder and nickel encompass in meter oxide ceramic powder one
Plant or two or more uniform mixed powder.
4. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as claimed in claim 1 carries out Rail Surface process, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is a kind of in zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminium nitride, Red copper oxide, iron powder and aluminium powder or arbitrarily two or more to state coating material
The coating material for mixing and being formed.
5. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as described in claim 1,2 or 4 carries out Rail Surface process, its feature
It is：The powder sending quantity of the wire feed dust feeder is 30g/min～90 g/min.
6. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as claimed in claim 1 carries out Rail Surface process, it is characterised in that：Institute
The porosity for stating Rail Surface coating is 0.5%～5%.
7. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as claimed in claim 1 carries out Rail Surface process, it is characterised in that：Institute
The power for stating untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is more than or equal to 200KW.
8. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as claimed in claim 1 carries out Rail Surface process, it is characterised in that：Institute
The cladding speed for stating untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is 30kg/h.
9. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as described in claim 1,2,4,6,7 or 8 carries out Rail Surface process, its
It is characterised by：The untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator mainly adopts axis cylindrical anode structure, along ring around anode posts
Shape is evenly arranged the negative electrode of three or more than three, and anode is divided into multiple different parts and forms connection electric arc with corresponding negative electrode,
Form the long beam plasma arc of high arc voltage small current laminar flow；Anode and negative electrode are installed on same base fixed, mutually insulated,
Base has a water, electricity, gas passage, the outer surface opposing insulation of cylindrical anode, only in the exposed conduction of head near outlet, so as to
Electric field is formed between negative electrode.
10. the method that a kind of utilization laminar flow plasma as described in claim 1,2,4,6,7 or 8 carries out Rail Surface process,
It is characterized in that：The working gas that the untransferable arc laminar flow plasma generator is used be argon, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen and
One kind or arbitrarily two or more mixing in ammonia.
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| CN110273151A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-24 | 东南大学 | A method of in high-carbon steel surface plasma cladding bainitic steel |
| CN110592367A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-20 | 四川金虹等离子技术有限公司 | Point-like treatment method for steel rail surface by laminar plasma technology |
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