CN105050905A - 可伸缩轻质容器 - Google Patents

可伸缩轻质容器 Download PDF

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CN105050905A
CN105050905A CN201480017345.6A CN201480017345A CN105050905A CN 105050905 A CN105050905 A CN 105050905A CN 201480017345 A CN201480017345 A CN 201480017345A CN 105050905 A CN105050905 A CN 105050905A
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CN105050905B (zh
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J·A·赫伊岑加
S·穆尔德
H·戈默
A·尤尔根斯
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Schoeller Allibert GmbH
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Abstract

一种轻质容器(1)，其包括基底(3)、四个侧壁(2)和四个角部分，其特征在于，角部分布置成在侧壁(2)之间提供可伸缩性，因此容器(1)的上部开口面积能够通过迫使各侧壁(2)彼此趋近(压缩)而变得更小，并且能够通过迫使各侧壁(2)彼此分开(扩张)而变得更大。本发明还涉及用于制造容器(1)的方法。

Description

可伸缩轻质容器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于得到具有增加的可伸缩性且易于操纵的轻质容器的方法以及一种轻质容器。
背景技术
现今通常使用由不同的材料(如木材、金属、塑料等)制成的容器。这些容器存在的一个问题是，当运回到源点时，它们常常需要相同量的运输空间。
回收容器的一种可供选择的方案，是当容器用过时便被弃置的所谓一次性包装。
解决上述问题的另一个常见方法，是提供具有所谓的套叠功能的容器。这意味着若干空容器通过提供它的具有斜度的侧壁而部分地放在彼此之中。
解决上述问题的另外一种方法，是拆卸或折叠容器的侧壁。侧壁拆卸的最常见类型是托盘和托盘卡圈。具有可折叠侧壁的常见容器的例子是可收缩托盘容器。这里通过将铰接件附接到基底上使侧壁变得可折叠。
可伸缩容器的缺点是，它们必须没有某种类型当竖立时使侧壁保持在一起且不破坏稳定性的锁紧装置。这些锁紧装置在不同程度上难以操作而造成在操纵时耗费大量时间。
此外，物流可以从现今的情况改善，此处具有许多零部件如容器、盖、分开的侧壁、闭锁柄等的容器运输系统必须保持整齐并储存。
发明内容
本发明能通过更可伸缩的轻质容器而简化物流。本发明涉及一种轻质容器，其包括一个基底、四个侧壁和四个角部分。本发明的特征在于，角部分布置成在各侧壁之间提供可伸缩性，从而容器的上部开口面积能够通过迫使各侧壁彼此趋近(压缩)而变得更小、并且能够通过迫使各侧壁彼此分开(扩张)而变得更大。
按照本发明的优选实施例，在角部分中的可伸缩性能够通过下列步骤而使得第一容器能至少部分地被颠倒地布置的第二容器覆盖在第一容器的顶部上；
a)在第一容器上迫使各侧壁彼此趋近，
b)在第二容器上迫使各侧壁彼此分开，或
c)步骤a)+b)的组合。
按照本发明的一个实施例，上述基底和上述侧壁形成容器的承载框架。至少两个侧壁进而设有竖向边缘。这些竖向边缘通过可伸缩预裁片材连接，上述预裁片材起到铰接件的作用，以在两个相邻的侧壁之间的角中提供预定量的可伸缩性。
预裁片材被合适地预成形，以便形成波纹管状结构，从而得到两个相邻侧壁的更为受控制的并置，而与压缩或扩张的水平无关。
按照本发明的一个实施例，侧壁通过铰接件连接至基底。这些可以合适地属于该领域的技术人员通称为活铰接件的类型。容器还设有四个角卡箍。这些角卡箍通过铰接件连接至基底，这些铰接件也合适地属于活铰接件类型。侧壁和角卡箍设有用于在每个角卡箍与其相邻的侧壁之间的活动连接的机构。
角卡箍和侧壁优选地分别设有槽和栓钉。这些槽和栓钉用来相互作用，而槽的长度分别提供预定的压缩和扩张范围。从而，能在敞开位置中模制容器，而不需要像可伸缩模具零部件那样的更复杂的模具设计。
本发明还涉及用于制造如本文所公开的轻质容器的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：
—将预裁片材插入到模具中，模具设有若干窗口以便在模制期间将至少一个预裁片材保持在合适位置中。
—闭合模具并将热塑性材料注入到模具中，模具设有成形为通道的空腔，上述通道将预裁片材结合到轻质容器上。通道在轻质容器上形成承载框架。
预裁片材有利地布置在上述容器的角中，形成上述承载框架的上述空腔存在于每个预裁片材的至少两个边缘上。预裁片材从而起到铰接件作用，以在预定容器的角中提供预定量的可伸缩性。
预裁片材合适地用聚合物材料制造。合适地，预裁片材的聚合物材料具有的Tg等于或高于注射的热塑性材料的Tg。将预裁片材合适地预成形以便成波纹管状结构。
预裁片材的聚合物材料有利地从包括下述材料的一组中选定：
—聚丙烯，
—低密度聚乙烯，
—高密度聚乙烯，
—聚酯，
—聚碳酸酯，
—聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，
—在聚丙烯与聚酯或聚碳酸酯之间的层压制品，
—在高密度聚乙烯与聚酯或聚碳酸酯之间的层压制品，
—具有预定量已知增塑剂的任何上述材料，
—及其混合物。
按照本发明的实施例，将预裁片材在与承载框架相对应的位置处打孔，以在其中实现机械结合。在预裁片材的Tg比承载框架的Tg高和另外两种聚合物材料不完全相容的实施例中，这是特别有利的。
附图说明
结合示出了本发明的选定实施例的附图，对本发明加以进一步说明，图中：
—图1以立体图示出本发明的轻质容器1的第一实施例。
—图2以立体图示出本发明的轻质容器1的第一实施例。
—图3a、3b、3a’和3b’分别以立体图示出图1和2中所示的实施例的变体中容器1处于扩张状态和压缩状态。
—图4以立体图示出图3a、3b、3a’和3b’中的容器1在装配之前的情况。
具体实施方式
图1和2相应地示出本发明的第一实施例的轻质容器1，其包括一个基底3、四个侧壁2和四个角部分，在此，预裁片材10布置在上述容器1的角中，从而形成上述承载框架20的上述空腔存在于预裁片材10的至少两个边缘上。
预裁片材10从而将会有利地起到铰接件的作用，以在容器1的角中提供预定量的可伸缩性。
图1示出的容器1具有压缩的角，而图2示出的容器1具有扩张的角。
当操纵容器1时，在图1和2中所示的实施例的确具有有利的特点。因为在容器1上各角是可伸缩的，所以可以把若干各空容器1相互套叠。因此，当角扩张时，容器1的开口变得比容器1的基底大。这也使容器1能被用作盖子。从而，第一容器1的各角被压缩，而颠倒的且具有扩张的角的第二容器能降下至第一容器1，以盖住上述第一容器1的各个侧壁以及开口。即使容器1在它们的松驰状态下实际上相同，可伸缩的角也能够提供这种可能性。这种让容器1可以成为盖子和盒子二者的方法是有利的，因为它通过减少为得到运输单元所需的不同零部件的数目，而简化了物流。可以使用捆扎带、收缩薄膜、弹性带或诸如此类，来将这种运输单元保持在一起。也可以使用弹性带或限定容器1的四个侧壁的任何类型的机构，来使容器1的角保持处于压缩状态。当处于这种状态时，可以将许多容器1沿上下方向彼此堆叠。通过除去上述弹性带，还能将若干空容器1相互套叠。在返回装运期间，可以把弹性带放在容器1的底部处。
如上所述的轻质容器1可以用包括含有若干步骤的方法制造：
—将预裁片材10插入到模具中，模具设有若干窗口以便在模制期间将至少一个预裁片材10保持在合适位置，
—闭合模具并将热塑性材料注入到模具中，模具设有若干成形为通道的空腔，上述通道将预裁片材10结合到轻质容器1上，通道在轻质容器1上形成承载框架20。这些预裁片材10布置在上述容器1的角中，而形成上述承载框架20的上述空腔存在于每个预裁片材10的两个边缘上。在容器1的基底3和预裁片材10之间留一开口是可行的。从而这些开口能用作放泄孔。当然它也能通过用容器1的对应的基底3部分也模塑在预裁片材10的底部短侧边缘中完全闭合容器1。预裁片材10因此起到铰接件的作用，以在预定的容器1的角中提供预定量的可伸缩性。预裁片材10的聚合物具有的Tg(玻璃化转变温度)比注射的热塑性材料的Tg稍高。此外，将预裁片材10进行预成形，以便形成波纹管状结构。由此得到两个相邻侧壁2的更为受控制的并置，而与压缩或扩张的水平无关。合适地，预裁片材10的聚合物材料也是具有预定量已知的增塑剂的热塑性材料。
图3a、3b、3a’和3b’以立体图示出在图1和2所示的实施例的变体中如从上面所看到的容器1处于扩张状态和压缩状态。这里容器1在角部分中未设有预裁片材10(见图3a、3b、3a’和3b’)。代之以，角区域设有槽12和栓钉22，以便限制在如图3b中所示的完全压缩状态和如图3a中所示的完全扩展状态之间的运动。图3a和3b中所示的实施例可以用与图1和2中所示的实施例相同的方式操纵，并具有上述图1和2的实施例中所描述的所有重要功能。
按照图3a和3b中所示的实施例，侧壁2通过铰接件5连接至基底3。这些铰接件属于该领域的技术人员通称为活铰接件类型。对于不熟悉这种类型铰接件5的那些人来说，可以通过在容器1中提供一条较薄的材料的线而得到铰接件5。通常适合于这种类型设计的聚合物材料是聚丙烯和聚酰胺。第一材料是对本文所公开的容器1的自然选择。后处理铰接件5以使之起到更长产品寿命的作用，是有利的。这可以通过压缩铰接件5，使铰接件5自身经受压力来实现。还知道铰接件5刚好在模制之后挠曲能增加产品寿命。容器1还设有四个角卡箍4。这些角卡箍4通过铰接件5连接至基底，另外，这些角卡箍也属于活铰接件类型。侧壁2和角卡箍4设有用于在每个角卡箍4与它的相邻侧壁2之间活动连接的机构。角卡箍4和侧壁2分别设有槽12和栓钉22。这些槽12和栓钉22用来相互作用，且槽12的长度将分别提供预定的压缩和扩张范围。从而，使得有可能像在图4所示的那样在敞开的位置中模塑容器1，而不需要像伸缩模具零部件那样更复杂的模具设计。
图4以立体图示出图3a、3b、3a’和3b’中的容器1在装配之前的情况。角区域设有槽12和栓钉22，以便限制在如图3b-3b’中所示的全压缩状态和如图3a-3a’中所示的全扩张状态之间的运动。
本发明不受所示的实施例限制，因为这些实施例可以在本发明的范围内以不同的方式发生改变。

Claims (13)

1.一种轻质容器(1)，其包括一个基底(3)、四个侧壁(2)和四个角部分，其特征在于，角部分布置成在各侧壁(2)之间提供可伸缩性，使得容器(1)的上部开口面积能够通过迫使各侧壁(2)彼此趋近(压缩)而变得更小、并且能够通过迫使各侧壁(2)彼此分开(扩张)而变得更大。
2.如权利要求1所述的轻质容器(1)，其特征在于，在角部分中可伸缩性能够通过下述步骤而使得第一容器(1)能至少部分地被颠倒地布置的第二容器(1)覆盖在第一容器(1)的顶部上：
a)在第一容器(1)上迫使各侧壁(2)彼此趋近，
b)在第二容器(1)上迫使各侧壁(2)彼此分开，或
c)步骤a)+b)的组合。
3.如权利要求1所述的轻质容器(1)，其特征在于，所述基底和所述侧壁(2)形成容器(1)的承载框架(20)，其中至少两个相邻的侧壁(2)设有竖向边缘，其特征在于，所述竖向边缘通过可伸缩的预裁片材(10)相连接，而所述预裁片材(10)起到铰接件的作用，以在两个相邻的侧壁(2)之间的角中提供预定量的可伸缩性。
4.如权利要求2所述的轻质容器(1)，其特征在于，预裁片材(10)被预成形以便形成波纹管状结构，从而得到两个相邻侧壁(10)的更为受控制的并置，而与压缩或扩张的水平无关。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的轻质容器(1)，其特征在于，侧壁(2)通过铰接件(5)连接至基底，容器(1)还设有四个角卡箍(4)，所述角卡箍(4)通过铰接件(5)连接至基底，所述侧壁(2)和所述角卡箍(4)设有用于在每个角卡箍(4)与其相邻侧壁(2)之间活动连接的机构。
6.如权利要求5所述的轻质容器(1)，其特征在于，角卡箍(4)和侧壁(2)分别设有槽(12)和栓钉(22)，所述槽(12)和栓钉(22)用来相互作用，并且各个槽(12)的长度分别提供预定的压缩和扩张范围。
7.一种用于制造如权利要求3所述的轻质容器(1)的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
—将预裁片材(10)插入到模具中，模具设有若干窗口以便在模制期间使至少一个预裁片材(10)保持在合适位置，
—闭合模具并将热塑性材料注入到模具中，模具设有成形为通道的空腔，通道将预裁片材(10)结合到轻质容器(1)上，通道在轻质容器(1)上形成承载框架(20)。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中所述预裁片材(10)布置在所述容器(1)的角中，而形成所述承载框架的所述空腔在每个预裁片材(10)的至少两个边缘上存在。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中预裁片材(10)起到铰接件的作用，以在预定容器(1)的角中提供预定量的可伸缩性。
10.如权利要求7-9中的任一项所述的方法，其中预裁片材(10)的聚合物材料具有的Tg等于或高于注射的热塑性材料的Tg。
11.如权利要求7-9中的任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，将预裁片材(10)预成形以便形成波纹管状结构。
12.如权利要求7或9所述的方法，其中预裁片材(10)的聚合物材料从下列一组材料中选定：
—聚丙烯，
—低密度聚乙烯，
—高密度聚乙烯，
—聚酯，
—聚碳酸酯，
—聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，
—在聚丙烯与聚酯或聚碳酸酯之间的层压制品，
—在高密度聚乙烯与聚酯或聚碳酸酯之间的层压制品，
—具有预定量已知增塑剂的所述材料中的任一种，
—及其混合物。
13.如权利要求7-9中的任一项所述的方法，其中预裁片材(10)在对应于承载框架(20)的位置处打孔，以在其中实现机械结合。
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