CN105044897B - Quick random optical based on sparse constraint is reconstructed into as system and method - Google Patents
Quick random optical based on sparse constraint is reconstructed into as system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of quick random optical based on sparse constraint is reconstructed into as system and method, the system comprise at least the excitation source module for being used for producing polychrome exciting light；The fiber coupling and total internal reflection module for collimating exciting light are formed after receiving the polychrome exciting light；The collimation exciting light is imaged, scanned, the integration module of spatial modulation and detection；Control the excitation source module, fiber coupling and total internal reflection module and integrate the sequential motor control module of module；The data collected are detected, and carry out the imaging acquisition analysis software package of random reconstruct imaging and compressed sensing processing.Perfection of the present invention meets measurement field and the incoherence of image area so that sparse constraint technology can play the effect of maximum.While nanoscale imaging resolution is reached, existing super-resolution imaging speed is set to be improved on the order of magnitude.In the case where keeping original image taking speed, it is greatly improved in spatial resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to super-resolution imaging technical field, particularly a kind of quick random optical reconstruct based on sparse constraint
It is imaged (STORM) device.
Background technology
The development of current nanosecond science and technology be unable to do without nanometer micro-imaging technique, and this respect is with electronic scanner microscope and atom
Force microscope is the standard configuration that representative has turned into many laboratories.But electronic structure, phonon state under research nanoscale
Powerful advantage is provided with microscopic internal state aspect, optical detector technologies such as phasmons, but by optical diffraction limit
Limitation, its imaging resolution can not be less than λ/(2NA), and wherein λ is imaging light wavelength, and NA is the numerical aperture of lens so that
Imaging resolution is generally higher than 180 nanometers, and microscopic resolution is difficult to improve.For this, researchers constantly promote from two kinds of approach
Spatial resolution：1) nano-scale probe and near-field imaging technique are used, optical imagery spatial resolution is reached 10 nanometers of left sides
It is right.Spatial resolution can be further improved with reference to AFM and surface Raman enhancement technology；2) based on traditional light
Learn far field imaging --- updated on the basis of light microscope.Researchers are from optics confocal microscope to two-photon fluorescence
Three-dimensional far field imaging resolution is advanced to 100 nano-areas to 4PI imaging techniques etc. by microscope.As stimulated radiation is emptied
(STED), ground state empties (GCD), and random optical rebuilds super-resolution imaging (STORM), photoactivation positioning super-resolution imaging (PALM)
It is suggested in succession etc. new technology, conceptually breaches the limitation of optical diffraction limit, optical microscopy is really brought up to
Nanometer scale.
In above-mentioned super-resolution imaging technology, wide field imaging, the general principle that wherein STORM is relied on largely are all based on
It is the switch based on fluorescent dye, activates a small amount of fluorescent dye every time, it is positioned by the fitting of unimolecule point spread function,
Super-resolution imaging is realized with this.If activating a large amount of fluorescent dyes in unitary sampling, can cause can not be with this technology
Point spread function is accurately positioned to each fluorescent marker, so as to be unable to reach the resolution ratio of super-resolution, so can only
The collection of whole image is completed by increasing sampling number.After the sampling of enough times, obtain a series of picture and enter
Row is handled so as to reconstruct final image.This just determines this technology while ultrahigh resolution is reached, and there is one
Than it is more serious the problem of be exactly that its image taking speed is restricted significantly, as a rule need a few minutes to dozens of minutes (for difference
Sample imaging time it is different, some samples possibly even need a few houres) collect piece image.So although this skill
Art can reach very high resolution ratio, but because time of measuring is long, the dynamic process occurred in sample can not be carried out
Real-time tracking measurement, it is typically only capable to some fixations or less demanding biological sample of temporal resolution and studies.Separately
Outside, not all fluorophor can be identified by this kind of method, it usually needs the fluorescent dye pair that can be activated mutually,
Or some specific fluorescent dyestuffs can be applied in this technology.To solve the above problems, on the one hand can by using when
The technology of point multiplexing, the fluorescence molecule of diverse location is positioned identical at the time of simultaneously to improve temporal resolution；On the other hand
The fluorescent photon number excited in the unit interval can be increased by developing new high well-illuminated light-operated switch fluorescence molecule, from
And shorten acquisition time.Compressed sensing algorithm is found to have the sampling that very big potentiality are used to improve wide field super-resolution imaging technology
Efficiency, several seminar including proposing the village little Wei seminar of STORM technologies also begin to the different compression of research and utilization
Perception algorithm, it is desirable to further shorten the sampling time of above-mentioned optical ultra-discrimination imaging technology from the angle of signal transacting, still
Its calculation matrix used is all class random matrix, the compression property of sparse constraint can not be given full play to.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of quick STORM nano fluorescents based on sparse constraint to be imaged system
System and method, the sparse characteristic of signal in itself in being reconstructed using random optical, calculation matrix corresponding to design, signal is carried out whole
Body reconstructs at random, strictly meets sparse characteristic and incoherence condition, plays compressed sensing technical performance to greatest extent,
Super-resolution is carried out on time-space domain.
The present invention uses following technical scheme, and a kind of quick random optical reconstruct imaging system based on sparse constraint should
System comprises at least the excitation source module for being used for producing polychrome exciting light；Formation collimation excites after receiving the polychrome exciting light
The fiber coupling of light and total internal reflection module；The collimation exciting light is imaged, scanned, the integration of spatial modulation and detection
Module；Control the excitation source module, fiber coupling and total internal reflection module and integrate the sequential motor control mould of module
Block；The data collected are detected, and carry out the imaging acquisition analysis software package of random reconstruct imaging and compressed sensing processing.
The present invention also provides one kind and realizes quick random optical reconstruct imaging method, and this method comprises the following steps：
1), excitation source module produces polychrome exciting light and exported；
2), fiber coupling and total internal reflection module form collimation exciting light after receiving the polychrome exciting light and exported；
3) module, is integrated to receive the collimation exciting light and be imaged the collimation exciting light, scan, spatial modulation
And detection；
Meanwhile sequential motor control module control excitation source module, fiber coupling and the total internal reflection module and
Integrate module；The data that the detection of imaging acquisition analysis software package collects, and carry out random reconstruct imaging and compressed sensing
Processing.
The general principle of quick random reconstruct nanometer imaging of the present invention based on sparse constraint：It is enterprising from physics sampling configuration
Row innovation, what be make use of by mathematics Strict Proof can realize the sparse constraint principle of super-resolution, using " overall random "
Compressed sensing sampling configuration, by the compressed sensing Technology application based on sparse constraint and phase-modulation by experimental verification
In STORM imagings, overcome from principle needed every time in the reconstruct of original random optical a small amount of switch fluorescent marker or
The limitation of fluorescin, greatly reduce the sampling number of original hundreds of times so that whole time of measuring can be from the order of magnitude
On get a promotion, to for obtain nanoscale observe thing dynamic process provide strong support.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the quick random optical of the invention based on sparse constraint is reconstructed into as system block diagram.
Component label instructions
Excitation source module 101
Continuous wave laser 1
Half wave plate 2
Polarization beam splitter 3
Optical gate 4
Dichroscope 5
Silver mirror 6
Fiber coupler 7
Fiber coupling and total internal reflection module 102
First speculum 9
Second speculum 8
Condenser lens 10
Integrate module 103
Wave filter 13
Look mirror 14
Object lens 15
Detect thing 16
Sequential motor control module and software 104
Bag
Space random phase modulation device 12
Electron multiplying charge coupler 11
Embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific instantiation, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Disclosed content understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also pass through specific realities different in addition
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints with application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under the spirit of the present invention.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, following examples and implementation
Feature in example can be mutually combined.
It should be noted that the diagram provided in following examples only illustrates the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic way
Think, only show the component relevant with the present invention in schema then rather than according to component count, shape and the size during actual implement
Draw, kenel, quantity and the ratio of each component can be a kind of random change during its actual implementation, and its assembly layout kenel
It is likely more complexity.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of quick random optical reconstruct imaging system based on sparse constraint, the system is at least wrapped
Include the excitation source module 101 for producing polychrome exciting light；The light for collimating exciting light is formed after receiving the polychrome exciting light
Fibre coupling and total internal reflection module 102；The collimation exciting light is imaged, scanned, the integration mould of spatial modulation and detection
Block 103；Control the excitation source module, fiber coupling and total internal reflection module and integrate the sequential motor control mould of module
The data that block and detection collect, and carry out the imaging acquisition analysis software of random reconstruct imaging and compressed sensing processing
Bag 104.
The excitation source module 101 includes two groups of the continuous of polychrome single-mode laser for being used to export different wave length respectively and swashed
Light device 1, the half wave plate 2 and polarization beam splitter 3 of intensity and phase-modulation are carried out to the polychrome single-mode laser, opened by it
Put the optical gate 4 of row sequential and Synchronization Control into, receive the dichroscope 5 and silver mirror 6 of optical gate output successively；The dichroscope 5
The polychrome single-mode laser of both direction is uniformly incident in a fiber coupler 7 with silver mirror 6 and forms random reconstruct optical imagery
Polychrome exciting light and input into fiber coupling and total internal reflection module 102.
The fiber coupling and total internal reflection module 102 are included to the of accurate control polychrome excitation source locus
One speculum 9 and the second speculum 8 and for control polychrome exciting light focus on object lens back focal plane condenser lens 10.
It is described integrate module 103 include placing the three-dimensional manometer translation stage of detection thing 16, successively reception optical fiber coupling with it is complete
The Look mirror 14 for collimating exciting light and object lens 15 and use overall random measurement pattern to signal that internal reflection module 102 exports
The compression perceptual system detected.
The compression perceptual system includes carrying out the broadband fever light that detection thing 16 is sent the optical filter 13 of narrow-band filtering, incited somebody to action
Detection thing 16 by point to point system images in the preposition imaging len of preposition imaging surface, every bit on preposition imaging surface is sent
Light field carries out the space random phase modulation device 12 of space random phase modulation after freely transmitting, adjusts space random phase
The light that device 12 processed exports forms speckle field on the test surface provided with multiple photoelectric detection units；The multiple photoelectric detection unit
Random arrangement forms array on test surface, and number of photons is distributed and carries out stochastical sampling detection and collection space random phase tune
The electron multiplying charge coupler 11 of the higher fluorescence signal of the signal to noise ratio of device processed output.
Present invention additionally comprises one kind to realize quick random optical reconstruct imaging method, and this method comprises the following steps：
1), excitation source module produces polychrome exciting light and exported；
2), fiber coupling and total internal reflection module form collimation exciting light after receiving the polychrome exciting light and exported；
3) module, is integrated to receive the collimation exciting light and be imaged the collimation exciting light, scan, spatial modulation
And detection；
Meanwhile sequential motor control module control excitation source module, fiber coupling and the total internal reflection module and
Integrate module；The data that the detection of imaging acquisition analysis software package collects, and carry out random reconstruct imaging and compressed sensing
Processing.
Excitation source module 101 in the quick random optical reconstruct imaging system that the present invention develops provides polychrome single mode and swashed
Light source, by dichroscope 6, silver mirror 5 and fiber coupler 7, carried out into fiber coupling and total internal reflection module 102 anti-in complete
Modulation is penetrated, imaging, scanning, spatial modulation and detection integration system module 103 export fiber coupling and total internal reflection module 102
Collimation exciting light through dichroscope 14 and object lens 15, wide-angle is radiated at sample surfaces, due to total internal reflection effect so that only
The fluorophor for having detection thing surface is excited, and greatly reduces the influence of ambient noise, the higher fluorescence signal of signal to noise ratio leads to
The other edge for crossing object lens 15 is returned, and by dichroscope 14 and optical filter 13, sky is carried out by space random phase modulation device 12
Between modulate after, finally collected by electron multiplying charge coupler 11.
Heretofore described integration module 103 employs overall random measurement pattern and signal is detected, and it sets
Meter, which realizes, above-mentioned is based on compression perceptual system principle, the detection of filter plate 13 and dichroscope 14 to being collected into by object lens 15
The fluorescence that object 16 is sent is filtered, and detects in the image planes of thing 16 the fluorescence light field that sends of every bit after freely transmitting,
Space random phase modulation is carried out to it by space random phase modulation device 12, finally in the spy of electron multiplying charge coupler 11
Speckle field is formed on survey face.Each spot light can be approximately spatial independence in fluorescence signal due to detecting thing 16, these light
The speckle field that source is formed is superimposed on test surface by intensity.Multiple photoelectric detection units random arrangement on test surface forms battle array
Row, number of photons is distributed and carries out stochastical sampling detection.It is original by what is detected by sparse restructing algorithm after data acquisition is complete
Signal recovers the image of target object.
The sequential motor control module and imaging acquisition analysis software package will control excitation source 101, optical gate 4, it is complete in
Reflecting module adjusting means 102, the loading three-dimensional manometer translation stage and electron multiplying charge coupler 11 for detecting thing 16, it is right
It carries out high-precision SECO.In addition, imaging acquisition analysis software package will mainly handle the mass data collected, go forward side by side
The random reconstruct imaging of row and compressed sensing processing, the final image for obtaining ultrahigh resolution.
The design requirement of excitation source module 101 of the present invention excites photostability strong, and optical gate switching frequency is high, switching time
Accurately.
The fiber coupling is first connect the exciting light of excitation source module 101 by optical fiber with total internal reflection module 102
Enter, by the micromatic setting coupled in fiber coupler 7 to reach the purpose of collimation.Because random optical reconstructs nano fluorescent
Imaging is the detection of weak signal even single molecular fluorescence phenomenon, it is necessary to use total internal reflection techniques, only excites detecting object table
The fluorescent marker in face is without collecting the signal inside detecting object, so as to improve signal to noise ratio so that weak signal is collected
Arrive.Total internal reflection techniques require that exciting light is incident from the edge of object lens, detecting object surface are energized into wide-angle, from object lens
Other edge at collect body surface fluorescence signal, from fiber coupler 7 come out exciting light pass through speculum 8,9, use
Accurately to control the locus of incident light, then by condenser lens 10, to control exciting light to focus on the rear burnt flat of object lens
Face, obtain optimal total internal reflection effect.
How while its original superelevation spatial resolution of STORM is ensured its temporal resolution can be improved, turned into
Expand the key technical problem of STORM imaging techniques., it is necessary to adopting by enough times in STORM whole imaging process
Sample, sample only activate a small number of fluorophors every time, detection system also only acquires a small amount of non-zero signal and (corresponds to the glimmering of minority
The fluorescence signal that light group is sent) and substantial amounts of zero-signal or close to zero signal so that sampled signal spatially has
Very strong is openness.This sparse characteristic basis that exactly compressive sensing theory uses, by using the sparse elder generation of signal
Test, possess compression sampling rate, so as to accelerate the ability of image taking speed.
Present invention utilizes the signal for meeting sparse constraint condition can realize the proof of the ability of super-resolution, around this
Thinking devises the quick random optical reconstructing method based on sparse constraint.The present invention devises overall random optical modulator,
Perfection meets measurement field and the incoherence of image area so that sparse constraint technology can play the work(of maximum in this project
Effect.Institute's research system of the present invention is specifically made that contribution in terms of following two to reducing sample rate, accelerating image taking speed：1) by
In meeting sparse characteristic and incoherence, the hyperresolution of sparse constraint can be played so that signal model in the transform domain as illustrated
Signal still can be reconstructed after enclosing expansion, higher resolution ratio can be obtained in the spatial domain, this, which means that, works as sample rate
In the case of constant, the resolution ratio higher than traditional STORM can be obtained, or under conditions of resolution ratio is constant, Ke Yitong
When activate more fluorophors also still can differentiate, according to correlation experimental demonstration, this part will make image taking speed
Improve；2) the compressed sensing technology that the present invention is used can accurately be recovered by sparse prior and corresponding restructing algorithm in itself
Or primary signal is recovered with very maximum probability.The letter of signal sampling number needed for it far fewer than nyquist sampling law defined
Number number of samples, actual samples number m ≈ klog (n/k), wherein k are degree of rarefication, and this part again lifts image taking speed.
Different from traditional point by point scanning measurement pattern, compressed sensing is carried out using overall random measurement pattern to signal
Detection, in suitable signal sparse expression domain, by sparse restructing algorithm, with the sampled signal much smaller than signal element number
Primary signal is gone out with certain accuracy resumption." overall random " sampling configuration that this programme uses to realize in signal acquisition stage
Data compression.There are two important cores with compressive sensing theory, when the sparse expression of echo signal, second, measurement is non-
Coherence.The sparse expression of target refers to that by signal its variation coefficient is sparse after deploying under expressing base ψ, i.e. only phase
There is larger numerical value to less coefficient, the value of most of coefficient is all close to or equal to zero.The present invention will be applied onto random
Echo signal in optical reconstruction, it is unimolecule or few molecule fluorescence signals, complies fully with this requirement.The non-phase of measurement
Dryness then refers to, detecting object is removed with measurement base Ф, and the measurement base expression base sparse with signal should be noncoherent.It is actual
In, we meet this incoherence using using the random signal of noise like as measurement base.Meet two above bar
Part, build signal detection process, it is assumed that echo signal f, its sparse coefficient are X, measured value Y, then can construct following
Minimum l1Norm specification convex programming problem：Pass through in compressive sensing theory
Corresponding restructing algorithm finds the sparse solution of signal.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following obvious prominent substantive distinguishing features and technique effect：
1st, the overall random optical modulator of the present invention, perfection meet measurement field and the incoherence of image area so that dilute
Thin restriction technique can play the effect of maximum.
2nd, the present invention while nanoscale imaging resolution is reached, makes existing super-resolution imaging after the completion of building
Speed is improved on the order of magnitude.
3rd, the present invention, in the case where keeping original image taking speed, obtains very after the completion of building in spatial resolution
It is big to improve.
In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and has high industrial utilization.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe
Know the personage of this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete without departing from disclosed spirit and institute under technological thought such as
Into all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of quick random optical reconstruct imaging system based on sparse constraint realizes quick random optical reconstruct imaging method,
It is characterized in that：The system comprises at least
For producing the excitation source module of polychrome exciting light；
The fiber coupling and total internal reflection module for collimating exciting light are formed after receiving the polychrome exciting light；
The collimation exciting light is imaged, scanned, the integration module of spatial modulation and detection；
Control the excitation source module, fiber coupling and total internal reflection module and integrate the sequential motor control mould of module
Block；
The data collected are detected, and carry out the imaging acquisition analysis software of random reconstruct imaging and compressed sensing processing
Bag；
This method comprises the following steps：
1), excitation source module produces polychrome exciting light and exported；
2), fiber coupling and total internal reflection module form collimation exciting light after receiving the polychrome exciting light and exported；
3), integrate module receive the collimation exciting light and the collimation exciting light be imaged, scanned, spatial modulation and spy
Survey；Meanwhile sequential motor control module controls excitation source module, fiber coupling and the total internal reflection module and integrates mould
Block；The data that the detection of imaging acquisition analysis software package collects, and carry out random reconstruct imaging and compressed sensing processing；
The module of integrating includes placing three-dimensional manometer translation stage, Look mirror and the object lens and compression perceptual system of detection thing；Institute
State Look mirror and object lens the collimation exciting light that reception optical fiber coupling exports with total internal reflection module successively extremely to detect on thing, the compression
Sensory perceptual system includes optical filter, preposition imaging len, space random phase modulation device and electron multiplying charge coupler；
After the broadband fever light that the optical filter is sent to detection thing carries out narrow-band filtering, the preposition imaging len is pressed thing is detected
Point to point system images in preposition imaging surface；The light that the space random phase modulation device is sent to every bit on preposition imaging surface
Field carries out space random phase modulation after freely transmitting；The light of the space random phase modulation device output forms speckle field
In on the test surface of electron multiplying charge coupler, the test surface is provided with multiple photoelectric detection units；The multiple photoelectricity
Probe unit random arrangement on test surface forms array, and the electron multiplying charge coupler carries out random to number of photons distribution
Sample acquisition and the higher fluorescence signal of signal to noise ratio of collection space random phase modulation device output；
The compressed sensing processing passes through corresponding restructing algorithmFind letter
Number sparse solution, wherein, f is echo signal, and X is sparse coefficient, and Y is measured value, and Ф is measurement base, and ψ is expression base, and A is surveys
Measure base Ф and express the matrix constructed by base ψ.
2. according to claim 1 realize quick random optical reconstruct imaging method, it is characterised in that：The excitation source
Module includes two groups of continuous wave lasers being sequentially connected, half wave plate, polarization beam splitter, optical gate, dichroscope/silver mirror；
The continuous wave laser exports the polychrome single-mode laser of different wave length respectively；The half wave plate and polarization beam splitter are to this
Polychrome single-mode laser exports after carrying out intensity and phase-modulation；The optical gate carries out sequential and Synchronization Control, institute by its switch
State dichroscope and silver mirror receives the laser of optical gate output；The dichroscope and silver mirror are by the polychrome single-mode laser of both direction
Uniformly it is incident to the polychrome exciting light that random reconstruct optical imagery is formed in a fiber coupler.
3. according to claim 1 realize quick random optical reconstruct imaging method, it is characterised in that：The fiber coupling
Include the first speculum and the second speculum and condenser lens with total internal reflection module；First speculum and the second reflection
Mirror accurately controls behind the locus of polychrome excitation source and exports the back focal plane that polychrome exciting light focuses on object lens.
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| CN105741336B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2019-04-30 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | A kind of splits' positions perception imaging method and system based on stochastical sampling |
| CN106125315B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-02-15 | 北京国承万通信息科技有限公司 | Display device and method |
| JP6950968B2 (en) | 2016-08-15 | 2021-10-20 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Electromagnetic wave phase amplitude generator, electromagnetic wave phase amplitude generation method and electromagnetic wave phase amplitude generation program |
| CN110132910B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Microscopic super-resolution imaging device and imaging method based on light field multi-dimensional information fusion |
| CN110213467B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-10-23 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Multi-scale modulation compressed sensing imaging system and imaging method thereof |
| CN110823853A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-21 | 北京超纳视觉科技有限公司 | Compressed sensing multi-photon imaging device and method and optical system |
| CN115113384B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2024-02-27 | 锘海生物科学仪器(上海)有限公司 | Flat light sheet microscope and imaging method of sample |
| CN113324893B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-08-16 | 武汉大学 | Flow type fluorescence imaging system and imaging method based on compressed sensing |
| CN114786018A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-07-22 | 湖北大学 | Image reconstruction method based on greedy random sparse Kaczmarz |
| WO2024186268A1 (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2024-09-12 | Nanyang Technological University | System and method for providing optical microscopy |
| CN116299108A (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-06-23 | 广东省人民医院 | MR imaging method and system based on 3D-BUDA acquisition and combined low-rank constraint reconstruction |
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