CN105044799A - Method for determining bin attribute uniformity degree and uniformization of three-dimensional earthquake observation system - Google Patents
Method for determining bin attribute uniformity degree and uniformization of three-dimensional earthquake observation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining bin attribute uniformity degree and uniformization of a three-dimensional earthquake observation system. The method for determining bin attribute uniformity degree comprises steps of calculating the fold, the size of the offset range and the size of the azimuth coverage of each bin in an object region; according to the fold, the size of the offset range and the size of the azimuth coverage of each bin in the object region, calculating the mean values, the variances and the ratios of variance to mean value of folds, the sizes of the offset range and the sizes of the azimuth coverage of all bins in the object area; and according to the mean values, the variances and the ratios of variance to mean value, determining the bin attribute uniformity degree of a three-dimension acquisition and observation system. The technical scheme provided by the invention can reasonably determine the bin attribute uniformity degree of the three-dimensional earthquake observation system, reduce the difference between bin attributes, and is beneficial for weakening the "acquisition footprint" effect, so that the precision of subsequent earthquake data processing and interpretation results can be improved, and the quality of attribute slices can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3-d seismic exploration technical field, particularly a kind of method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity and homogenising.
Background technology
In the oil industry, 3-d seismic exploration role is day by day obvious, the research gathered in recording geometry about three dimensional seismic data is had also to increase gradually, wherein, to the attribute of 3 D seismic observation system: degree of covering, geophone offset and azimuthal analysis and obtain increasing concern to the evaluation of this recording geometry.Owing to usually only having a degree of covering in a bin, but usually there is multiple geophone offset, position angle, according to the method existed at present, geophone offset and position angle in a bin can be added up quantitatively, but can not carry out quantitatively evaluating intuitively to geophone offset and azimuthal distribution in a bin, so just reasonably can not determine 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity.At present, determine the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, be generally determined by the observation of designer and practical experience, go back the method that neither one more reasonably can determine 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity.
Further, along with the raising that lithologic deposit and Subtle reservoir exploration require earthquake imaging resolution, the 3 D seismic observation system of rule, the spatial sampling of rule can produce " acquisition footprint " equally, also can affect the high precision of geologic objective, high-quality seismic imaging.Due in earthquake-capturing process, the difference of the rolling distance of perpendicular offset, reception line-spacing and arrangement sheet in 3 D seismic observation system, make degree of covering, geophone offset, azimuthal distribution uneven, and in cyclical variation, thus there is unevenness in the amplitude causing CDP bin or CRP bin to superpose, offset, phase place, there is periodic amplitude variations in earthquake overlap or offset data body, " acquisition footprint " like this has a certain impact to reservoir prediction, has an impact to reservoir evaluation and reservoir prediction.At present, also not to the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising.
In sum, at present, the subject matter that 3 D seismic observation system evaluation and application aspect exist is: 1, neither one reasonably determines the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity; 2, not good to 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising, suppress the method that 3 D seismic observation system causes " acquisition footprint " problem.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments provide a kind of method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, in order to determine the degree of uniformity of 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes, the method comprises:
According to the bin size of 3 D seismic observation system, the target area of 3 D seismic observation system is evenly divided into multiple bin;
Calculate the degree of covering of each bin in target area, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size;
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the degree of covering of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average; According to the geophone offset range size of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the geophone offset range size of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average; According to the azimuth coverage size of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the azimuth coverage size of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average;
According to the ratio of the average of the degree of covering of bins all in target area, variance and variance and average, the ratio of the average of geophone offset range size, variance and variance and average, the ratio of the average of azimuth coverage size, variance and variance and average, determines 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity.
In one embodiment, calculate the geophone offset range size of each bin in target area, comprising:
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, the geophone offset of each bin is pressed d
1=Xmax/N is equidistantly divided into N equal portions geophone offset section; Described Xmax is maximum offset, d
1for the size of every section of geophone offset section, N is the degree of covering of each bin, its be more than or equal to 1 positive integer;
The geophone offset distribution situation N equal portions geophone offset section in corresponding according to each bin, determines the geophone offset range size of each bin.
In one embodiment, calculate the azimuth coverage size of each bin in target area, comprising:
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, d is pressed at the position angle of each bin
2=360 °/N is equidistantly divided into N equal portions position angle section; Described d
2for the size of every section of position angle section, N is the degree of covering of each bin, its be more than or equal to 1 positive integer;
The position angle distribution situation N equal portions position angle section in corresponding according to each bin, determines the azimuth coverage size of each bin.
Based on same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of method of 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising, and in order to reduce the attribute difference between bin, bin attributes is evenly distributed, and the method comprises:
Utilize the above-mentioned method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, determine multiple 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity;
To the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system.
In one embodiment, to the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system, comprising:
Determine that the limited range of the degree of covering of all bins in target area is N
1~ N
2, wherein, N
1for the minimum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
2for the maximum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
1and N
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1;
N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset, comprising:
Degree of covering is greater than N
2the geophone offset of bin press d
3=Xmax/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions geophone offset section; Described Xmax is maximum offset, d
3for the size of every section of geophone offset section;
If the geophone offset of a bin corresponding road collection is distributed in M
1in individual geophone offset section, described M
1for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1; Work as M
1=N
2time, take out together in each geophone offset section, and guarantee that the central value of the geophone offset of Suo Chou road collection and place geophone offset section is nearest.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset, also comprise:
Work as M
1<N
2time, determine the geophone offset distribution situation of the road collection of each geophone offset section correspondence;
According to the geophone offset distribution situation of the road collection of each geophone offset section correspondence, in the geophone offset section that road collection is densely distributed, extract the many road collection of quantity;
In the geophone offset section that collection distribution in road is rare, extract the few road collection of quantity, extracting number of channels until total is N
2road.
In one embodiment, to the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system, comprising:
Determine that the limited range of the degree of covering of all bins in target area is N
1~ N
2, wherein, N
1for the minimum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
2for the maximum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
1and N
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1;
N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle, comprising:
Degree of covering is greater than N
2the position angle of bin press d
4=360 °/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions position angle section; Described d
4for the size of every section of position angle section;
If the azimuthal distribution of a bin corresponding road collection is at M
2in the section of individual position angle, described M
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1; Work as M
2=N
2time, take out together in the section of each position angle, and guarantee that the central value of the position angle of Suo Chou road collection and position angle, place section is nearest.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle, also comprise:
Work as M
2<N
2time, determine the azimuthal distribution situation of the road collection of each position angle section correspondence;
According to the azimuthal distribution situation of the road collection of each position angle section correspondence, in the position angle section that road collection is densely distributed, extract the many road collection of quantity;
In the position angle section that collection distribution in road is rare, extract the few road collection of quantity, extracting number of channels until total is N
2road.
Determine that the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity is compared with prior art by means of only the observation of designer and practical experience, the embodiment of the present invention, first by quantizing the attribute of 3 D seismic observation system, namely the degree of covering of each bin in target area, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size is calculated, like this degree of covering of bin, geophone offset scope and azimuth coverage distribution situation are quantized, be easy to the follow-up attribute to bin and evaluate, secondly, according to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, the ratio of their average, variance and variance and average is calculated respectively, finally, respectively according to the degree of covering of bins all in target area, the average of geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, variance and variance and average, determine 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, thus determine suitable 3 D seismic observation system, utilize average like this, variance yields, the ratio of variance and average, statistics and analysis is carried out to bin attributes, the overall evaluation can be carried out all sidedly to stereo observing system, therefore, utilize the 3 D seismic observation system that technical scheme provided by the invention is determined, carry out seismic acquisition data etc., be beneficial to follow-up reservoir evaluation, the high precision of reservoir prediction and geologic objective, high-quality seismic imaging.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of method of 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising, the method utilizes the above-mentioned method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, determines multiple 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity; To the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system.The method of the bin attributes homogenising utilizing the embodiment of the present invention to provide is to after bin attributes Homogenization Treatments, between bin, attribute difference diminishes, be conducive to weakening " acquisition footprint " effect, follow-up seism processing and the precision of explanation results can be improved, improve the quality of attribute section.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms a application's part, does not form limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram when calculating geophone offset range size in a bin in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram when calculating a bin interior orientation angular region size in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of 8 line 8 big gun 3 D seismic observation systems in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of 6 line 16 big gun 3 D seismic observation systems in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the average of three attribute of 8 line 8 big gun 3 D seismic observation systems and 6 line 16 big gun 3 D seismic observation systems in the embodiment of the present invention, the column of the ratio of variance yields and variance and average contrasts schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 to be evenly distributed principle with geophone offset in the embodiment of the present invention, before and after homogenising, and the column comparison diagram of the ratio of the average of the attribute of 3 D seismic observation system, variance yields and variance and average;
Fig. 9 is with the even principle of azimuthal distribution in the embodiment of the present invention, before and after homogenising, and the column comparison diagram of the ratio of the average of the attribute of 3 D seismic observation system, variance yields and variance and average.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.At this, exemplary embodiment of the present invention and illustrating for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, the method can comprise the steps:
Step 101: according to the bin size of 3 D seismic observation system, is evenly divided into multiple bin by the target area of 3 D seismic observation system;
Step 102: calculate the degree of covering of each bin in target area, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size;
Step 103: according to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, calculates the ratio of the average of the degree of covering of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average; According to the geophone offset range size of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the geophone offset range size of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average; According to the azimuth coverage size of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the azimuth coverage size of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average;
Step 104: according to the ratio of the average of the degree of covering of bins all in target area, variance and variance and average, the ratio of the average of geophone offset range size, variance and variance and average, the ratio of the average of azimuth coverage size, variance and variance and average, determines 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity.
Determine that the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity is compared with prior art by means of only the observation of designer and practical experience, the embodiment of the present invention, first by quantizing the attribute of 3 D seismic observation system, namely the degree of covering of each bin in target area, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size is calculated, like this degree of covering of bin, geophone offset scope and azimuth coverage distribution situation are quantized, be easy to the follow-up attribute to bin and evaluate, secondly, according to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, the ratio of their average, variance and variance and average is calculated respectively, finally, respectively according to the degree of covering of bins all in target area, the average of geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, variance and variance and average, determine 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, thus determine suitable 3 D seismic observation system, utilize average like this, variance yields, the ratio of variance and average, statistics and analysis is carried out to bin attributes, the overall evaluation can be carried out all sidedly to stereo observing system, therefore, utilize the 3 D seismic observation system that technical scheme provided by the invention is determined, carry out seismic acquisition data etc., be beneficial to follow-up reservoir evaluation, the high precision of reservoir prediction and geologic objective, high-quality seismic imaging.
During concrete enforcement, in above-mentioned steps 101, according to relevant parameters design bin sizing grid, after determining bin grid size, mesh generation is carried out to target area, according to bin grid size, target area (namely will carry out the target area of seismic prospecting) is evenly divided into multiple bin, and concrete bin grid size is determined by real work situation.
In one embodiment, in above-mentioned steps 102, calculate the geophone offset range size of each bin in target area, can comprise:
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, the geophone offset of each bin is pressed d
1=Xmax/N is equidistantly divided into N equal portions geophone offset section; Described Xmax is maximum offset, d
1for the size of every section of geophone offset section, N is the degree of covering of each bin, its be more than or equal to 1 positive integer;
The geophone offset distribution situation N equal portions geophone offset section in corresponding according to each bin, determines the geophone offset range size of each bin.
During concrete enforcement, ideally, in bin, geophone offset should be uniformly distributed to maximum offset Xmax from 0, and bin is pressed d
1=Xmax/N is equidistantly divided into N equal portions geophone offset section; The geophone offset that statistics bin is corresponding is distributed in several different equidistant geophone offset section, if be distributed in multiple geophone offset section, then illustrates that the geophone offset scope in this bin is larger.The geophone offset that each bin the is corresponding hop count be distributed in N equal portions geophone offset section just can represent the geophone offset range size of each bin.During the ratio of the average of the geophone offset range size of subsequent calculations bin, variance and variance and average, just can calculate with this hop count, such as shown in Figure 2, N is 13 (13 parts of equidistant geophone offset sections), maximum offset Xmax is 1300 meters, so the size d of every section of geophone offset section
1it is 100 meters, the big gun that in Fig. 2, the black circle big gun inspection centering represented corresponding to bin exists one or more number is examined right geophone offset size and is dropped in this geophone offset section, as can be seen from Figure 2, the geophone offset that bin is corresponding is distributed in 5 geophone offset sections, so calculate in subsequent step 103 average of the geophone offset range size of bin, variance and variance and average ratio time, just calculate with this hop count 5.Like this geophone offset distribution situation is quantized into concrete hop count, is judged by the quantitative attribute to bin, reasonably can determine suitable 3-d seismic exploration system.
In one embodiment, in above-mentioned steps 102, calculate the azimuth coverage size of each bin in target area, can comprise:
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, d is pressed at the position angle of each bin
2=360 °/N is equidistantly divided into N equal portions position angle section; Described d
2for the size of every section of position angle section, N is the degree of covering of each bin, its be more than or equal to 1 positive integer;
The position angle distribution situation N equal portions position angle section in corresponding according to each bin, determines the azimuth coverage size of each bin.
During concrete enforcement, in the ideal case, the position angle of bin should be uniformly distributed from 0 ° to 360 °, and d is pressed at the position angle of bin
2=360 °/N is divided into N equal portions position angle section; Azimuthal distribution corresponding to statistics bin is in several different equidistant position angle section, if the position angle Duan Yue of distribution is many, then illustrate this bin interior orientation angular region more greatly, wider.The hop count of azimuthal distribution in the section of N equal portions position angle that each bin is corresponding just can represent the azimuth coverage size of each bin.During the ratio of the average of subsequent calculations azimuth coverage size, variance and variance and average, just can calculate with this hop count, such as: as shown in Figure 3, N is 13 (13 parts of position angle sections), so size d of every section of position angle section
2be about 28 degree, the big gun that in Fig. 3, the black circle big gun inspection centering represented corresponding to bin exists one or more number is examined right position angle size and is dropped in this position angle section, as can be seen from Figure 3, azimuthal distribution corresponding to bin is in 5 position angle sections, so in subsequent step 103, calculate the average of azimuth coverage size of bin, variance and variance and average ratio time, just calculate with this hop count 5.Like this azimuth coverage size is quantized into concrete hop count, is judged by the quantitative attribute to bin, reasonably can determine suitable 3-d seismic exploration system.
During concrete enforcement, by carrying out quantitative evaluation to three bin attributes parameters of 3-D seismics observation acquisition system, thus determine suitable 3-d seismic exploration system, these three bin attributes parameters are respectively degree of covering, geophone offset and position angle.Owing to usually only having a degree of covering in a bin, but usually there is multiple geophone offset, position angle, in order to carry out quantitative evaluation to geophone offset, position angle intuitively, quantification process has been carried out to geophone offset and these two attributes of position angle, by the geophone offset distribution situation of a geophone offset range size quantitative description bin, by the azimuthal distribution situation of an azimuth coverage size quantitative description bin.Like this by geophone offset, azimuthal distribution situation quantification, be easy to the follow-up bin distribution situation to 3-D seismics observation acquisition system and evaluate.
By the calculating of step 103, in above-mentioned steps 104, just can carry out evaluation to the bin attributes situation in target area and judge, evaluate estimate of situation particularly as follows:
(1) according to the ratio of the average of the degree of covering of bins all in target area, variance and variance and average, carry out evaluating judgement to be specially: the average of all bin degree of covering in target area is larger, illustrates that in this region, bin degree of covering entirety is higher; The variance yields of the bin degree of covering in target area is less, represents that in this region, the change of bin degree of covering is little; The variance of the bin degree of covering in target area and the ratio of average less, represent that the relative deviation of bin degree of covering in this region is smaller, degree of covering distribution homogeneity better.
(2) according to the ratio of the average of the geophone offset range size of bins all in target area, variance and variance and average, carry out evaluating judgement to be specially: the average of the geophone offset range size of all bins in target area is larger, illustrates that the geophone offset scope of road collection corresponding to each bin in this region is large; The variance yields of the geophone offset range size of all bins in target area is less, represents that the difference in this region between bin is little; The variance of the geophone offset range size of all bins in target area and the ratio of average less, represent that the relative deviation of bin attributes in this region is smaller.
(3) according to the average of the azimuth coverage size of bins all in target area, the ratio of variance and variance and average, carry out evaluating judgement to be specially: the average of the azimuth coverage size of all bins in target area is larger, illustrate that the azimuth coverage of road collection corresponding to each bin in this region is large, bearing width, the variance yields of the azimuth coverage size of all bins in target area is less, represent that the difference in this region between bin is less, the mean variance ratio of the azimuth coverage size of all bins in target area is less, represent that the relative deviation of bin attributes in this region is smaller.
Just can determine which kind of observation acquisition system is applicable to carrying out seismic prospecting to target area by said method, such as: according to the method for the determination 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity that the embodiment of the present invention provides, carry out quantitative evaluation to 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys in 8 line 8 big gun recording geometrys in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 to judge, as shown in Figure 6, find that 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys are obviously better than 8 line 8 big gun recording geometrys, therefore, when carrying out seismic prospecting to target area, by 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys, and do not adopt 8 line 8 big gun recording geometrys, be beneficial to follow-up reservoir evaluation like this, the high precision of reservoir prediction and geologic objective, high-quality seismic imaging.
Based on same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of method of 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising, in order to by the above-mentioned method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, the bin attributes of the 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys determined carries out Homogenization Treatments, to reduce attribute difference between bin, bin attributes is evenly distributed, Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, the method comprises the steps:
Step 201: utilize the above-mentioned method determining 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, determines multiple 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity;
Step 202: to the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system.
The method of the 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising that the embodiment of the present invention provides, make bin attributes homogenising, reduce " acquisition footprint " problem, follow-up seism processing and the precision of explanation results can be improved, improve the quality of attribute section.The method of above-mentioned 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising is in fact also determining more suitable 3 D seismic observation system, carries out seismic prospecting to target area.
Be introduced below in the embodiment of the present invention and be uniformly distributed with geophone offset the concrete grammar that principle carries out bin attributes homogenising:
In one embodiment, to the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system, can comprise:
Determine that the limited range of the degree of covering of all bins in target area is N
1~ N
2, wherein, N
1for the minimum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
2for the maximum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
1and N
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1;
N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset.
During concrete enforcement, can according to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, then in conjunction with geophone offset range size, be uniformly distributed as principle with geophone offset, carry out the attribute optimization to bin, object is to make bin attributes homogenising, to weaken " acquisition footprint " problem.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset, can comprise:
Degree of covering is greater than N
2the geophone offset of bin press d
3=Xmax/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions geophone offset section; Xmax is maximum offset, d
3for the size of every section of geophone offset section;
If the geophone offset of a bin corresponding road collection is distributed in M
1in individual geophone offset section, M
1for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1; Work as M
1=N
2time, take out together in each geophone offset section, and guarantee that the central value of the geophone offset of Suo Chou road collection and place geophone offset section is nearest.Such processing mode makes geophone offset distribution in a bin more even.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset, can also comprise:
Work as M
1<N
2time, first, determine the geophone offset distribution situation of the road collection of each geophone offset section correspondence;
Then, according to the geophone offset distribution situation of the road collection of each geophone offset section correspondence, in the geophone offset section that road collection is densely distributed, extract the many road collection of quantity;
Finally, in the geophone offset section that collection distribution in road is rare, extract the few road collection of quantity, extracting number of channels until total is N
2road.
The processing mode of more than carrying out taking out collection makes geophone offset distribution in a bin more even.
During concrete enforcement, be uniformly distributed with geophone offset the method that principle carries out bin attributes homogenising: first, determine the degree of covering scope N of target area
1~ N
2, object controls the bin degree of covering of target area at N
1~ N
2in scope, make the bin degree of covering distribution of target area more even, if the degree of covering of bin is less than N
2, then do not need to carry out taking out collection process, if the degree of covering of a bin is more than N
2, then carry out taking out collection and make the degree of covering of bin become N
2.
Particularly, to degree of covering more than N
2bin carry out taking out collection process, bin is pressed d
3=Xmax/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions geophone offset section; Suppose that the geophone offset of a bin corresponding road collection is distributed in M
1in individual geophone offset section, if M
1=N
2, then take out together in each geophone offset section, and guarantee that the central value of the geophone offset of Suo Chou road collection and place geophone offset section is the most close, if M
1<N
2, then first add up the geophone offset distribution situation of the road collection of each geophone offset section correspondence, in widespread geophone offset section, extract more road collection, ensure finally to extract N
2road.Can ensure that the road collection extracted comprises far like this, in, the information of near geophone offset.
Fig. 8 to be evenly distributed principle with geophone offset in the embodiment of the present invention, after the bin attributes of 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys is optimized, before and after homogenising, the column comparison diagram of the ratio of the average of the attribute of three-dimensional seismic acquisition observation system, variance yields and variance and average; As shown in Figure 8, between the bin after homogenising, attribute difference diminishes, and is conducive to eliminating " acquisition footprint " effect, can improve follow-up seism processing and the precision of explanation results, improves the quality of attribute section.
Be introduced in the embodiment of the present invention below and be uniformly distributed principle with position angle, carry out the concrete grammar of bin attributes homogenising:
In one embodiment, to the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system, can comprise:
Determine that the limited range of the degree of covering of all bins in target area is N
1~ N
2, wherein, N
1for the minimum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
2for the maximum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
1and N
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1;
N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle, can comprise:
Degree of covering is greater than N
2the position angle of bin press d
4=360 °/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions position angle section; d
4for the size of every section of position angle section;
If the azimuthal distribution of a bin corresponding road collection is at M
2in the section of individual position angle, M
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1; Work as M
2=N
2time, take out together in the section of each position angle, and guarantee that the central value of the position angle of Suo Chou road collection and position angle, place section is nearest.It is more even that such processing mode makes angle, a bin interior orientation distribute.
In one embodiment, N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle, can also comprise:
Work as M
2<N
2time, first, determine the azimuthal distribution situation of the road collection of each position angle section correspondence;
Then, according to the azimuthal distribution situation of the road collection of each position angle section correspondence, in the position angle section that road collection is densely distributed, extract the many road collection of quantity;
Finally, in the position angle section that collection distribution in road is rare, extract the few road collection of quantity, extracting number of channels until total is N
2road.
The processing mode of more than carrying out taking out collection makes the distribution of angle, a bin interior orientation more even.
Proposed by the invention is uniformly distributed principle with position angle, and the method for operating of carrying out bin attributes homogenising is uniformly distributed principle with geophone offset to above-mentioned to carry out the method for bin attributes homogenising similar, just bin is pressed d
4=360 °/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions position angle section, and then carry out taking out collection process, concrete grammar refers to and is above-mentionedly uniformly distributed principle with geophone offset, carries out bin attributes homogenising, does not repeat them here.
Fig. 9 is with the even principle of azimuthal distribution in the embodiment of the present invention, after the bin attributes of 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys is optimized, before and after homogenising, and the column comparison diagram of the ratio of the average of the attribute of 3 D seismic observation system, variance yields and variance and average; As shown in Figure 9, between the bin after homogenising, attribute difference diminishes, and is conducive to eliminating " acquisition footprint " effect, can improve follow-up seism processing and the precision of explanation results, improves the quality of attribute section.
Illustrate effect of the present invention below.For 8 line 8 big gun recording geometrys and 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys, the bin attributes of transformed wave situation is discussed.Lower is hypothetically flat layered structures, carry out recording geometry bin attributes quantitative statistics and the overall evaluation, and the homogenization method adopting the present invention to propose carries out bin attributes homogenising to 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys.
As shown in Figure 6, for the degree of covering to 8 line 8 big gun recording geometrys and 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size carry out quantitative statistics, thus obtain the ratio of the average of each attribute, variance and variance and average.By quantitative statistics with compare, the degree of covering of 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys is the highest, degree of covering distribution is the most even, the average of geophone offset distribution range size is larger, variance is less and variance and average ratio is less, the average of azimuthal distribution range size is larger, variance is less and variance and average ratio is less, so the method proposed by the present invention, can determine that 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys are better than 8 line 8 big gun recording geometrys more accurately.
Fig. 8 to be evenly distributed principle with geophone offset in the embodiment of the present invention, after the bin attributes of 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys is optimized, before and after homogenising, the column comparison diagram of the ratio of the average of the attribute of three-dimensional seismic acquisition observation system, variance yields and variance and average; Fig. 9 is with the even principle of azimuthal distribution in the embodiment of the present invention, after the bin attributes of 6 line 16 big gun recording geometrys is optimized, before and after homogenising, the column comparison diagram of the ratio of the average of the attribute of three-dimensional seismic acquisition observation system, variance yields and variance and average.From Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, between the bin after homogenising, attribute difference diminishes, and is conducive to eliminating " acquisition footprint " effect, can improve follow-up seism processing and the precision of explanation results, improves the quality of attribute section.
The technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides can reach following Advantageous Effects:
1, by the geophone offset of the bin of three-dimensional seismic acquisition observation system, azimuthal distribution situation quantitative description, be easy to evaluate bin, thus determine suitable three-dimensional seismic acquisition observation system;
2, utilize the ratio of the average of bin attributes, variance yields, variance and average, statistics and analysis is carried out to bin attributes, the overall evaluation can be carried out to stereo observing system all sidedly;
3, after carrying out bin attributes homogenising, ensure that the even of degree of covering, geophone offset and azimuthal distribution, stereo observing system " acquisition footprint " phenomenon that inherently defect causes well is weakened, follow-up seism processing and the precision of explanation results can be improved, improve the quality of attribute section.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the embodiment of the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. determine a method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity, it is characterized in that, comprising:
According to the bin size of 3 D seismic observation system, the target area of 3 D seismic observation system is evenly divided into multiple bin;
Calculate the degree of covering of each bin in target area, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size;
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the degree of covering of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average; According to the geophone offset range size of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the geophone offset range size of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average; According to the azimuth coverage size of bin each in target area, calculate the ratio of the average of the azimuth coverage size of all bins in target area, variance and variance and average;
According to the ratio of the average of the degree of covering of bins all in target area, variance and variance and average, the ratio of the average of geophone offset range size, variance and variance and average, the ratio of the average of azimuth coverage size, variance and variance and average, determines 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity.
2. determine the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, calculate the geophone offset range size of each bin in target area, comprising:
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, the geophone offset of each bin is pressed d
1=Xmax/N is equidistantly divided into N equal portions geophone offset section; Described Xmax is maximum offset, d
1for the size of every section of geophone offset section, N is the degree of covering of each bin, its be more than or equal to 1 positive integer;
The geophone offset distribution situation N equal portions geophone offset section in corresponding according to each bin, determines the geophone offset range size of each bin.
3. determine the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, calculate the azimuth coverage size of each bin in target area, comprising:
According to the degree of covering of bin each in target area, d is pressed at the position angle of each bin
2=360 °/N is equidistantly divided into N equal portions position angle section; Described d
2for the size of every section of position angle section, N is the degree of covering of each bin, its be more than or equal to 1 positive integer;
The position angle distribution situation N equal portions position angle section in corresponding according to each bin, determines the azimuth coverage size of each bin.
4. a method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising, is characterized in that, comprising:
Utilize the method for the determination 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity described in any one of claim 1-3 claim, determine multiple 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes degree of uniformity;
To the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system.
5. the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, to the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system, comprising:
Determine that the limited range of the degree of covering of all bins in target area is N
1~ N
2, wherein, N
1for the minimum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
2for the maximum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
1and N
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1;
N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset.
6. the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, be greater than N to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset, comprising:
Degree of covering is greater than N
2the geophone offset of bin press d
3=Xmax/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions geophone offset section; Described Xmax is maximum offset, d
3for the size of every section of geophone offset section;
If the geophone offset of a bin corresponding road collection is distributed in M
1in individual geophone offset section, described M
1for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1; Work as M
1=N
2time, take out together in each geophone offset section, and guarantee that the central value of the geophone offset of Suo Chou road collection and place geophone offset section is nearest.
7. the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, be greater than N to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle of geophone offset, also comprise:
Work as M
1<N
2time, determine the geophone offset distribution situation of the road collection of each geophone offset section correspondence;
According to the geophone offset distribution situation of the road collection of each geophone offset section correspondence, in the geophone offset section that road collection is densely distributed, extract the many road collection of quantity;
In the geophone offset section that collection distribution in road is rare, extract the few road collection of quantity, extracting number of channels until total is N
2road.
8. the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, to the 3 D seismic observation system of bin attributes degree of uniformity optimum, according to the degree of covering of bin each in the target area of 3 D seismic observation system, geophone offset range size and azimuth coverage size, homogenising is carried out to the bin attributes of 3 D seismic observation system, comprising:
Determine that the limited range of the degree of covering of all bins in target area is N
1~ N
2, wherein, N
1for the minimum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
2for the maximum restriction degree of covering of bin in target area, N
1and N
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1;
N is greater than to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle.
9. the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, be greater than N to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle, comprising:
Degree of covering is greater than N
2the position angle of bin press d
4=360 °/N
2equidistantly be divided into N
2equal portions position angle section; Described d
4for the size of every section of position angle section;
If the azimuthal distribution of a bin corresponding road collection is at M
2in the section of individual position angle, described M
2for being more than or equal to the positive integer of 1; Work as M
2=N
2time, take out together in the section of each position angle, and guarantee that the central value of the position angle of Suo Chou road collection and position angle, place section is nearest.
10. the method for 3 D seismic observation system bin attributes homogenising as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, be greater than N to bin degree of covering in target area
2bin undertaken taking out collection process by the equally distributed principle in position angle, also comprise:
Work as M
2<N
2time, determine the azimuthal distribution situation of the road collection of each position angle section correspondence;
According to the azimuthal distribution situation of the road collection of each position angle section correspondence, in the position angle section that road collection is densely distributed, extract the many road collection of quantity;
In the position angle section that collection distribution in road is rare, extract the few road collection of quantity, extracting number of channels until total is N
2road.
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