CN105041355A - Broaching type rock-burst-resistant anchor rod - Google Patents
Broaching type rock-burst-resistant anchor rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN105041355A CN105041355A CN201510453754.7A CN201510453754A CN105041355A CN 105041355 A CN105041355 A CN 105041355A CN 201510453754 A CN201510453754 A CN 201510453754A CN 105041355 A CN105041355 A CN 105041355A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a broaching type rock-burst-resistant anchor rod which comprises an observation post anchor nut and a rock-burst-resistant device. The rock-burst-resistant device comprises a sleeve and a broaching body, the left end of the outer wall of the sleeve is connected with the anchor nut, a water stop nut is connected to the right end of the sleeve, a threaded section, a conical broach arranging section and a scrap accommodating guide section are sequentially arranged in the sleeve from left to right, a closing bolt is connected with the threaded section, and radial scrap accommodating grooves and a guide groove are formed in the scrap accommodating guide section; the broaching body comprises a toolbar, the left end of the toolbar is penetratingly arranged in the sleeve, broaches and a guide key are peripherally distributed on the outer wall of the left end of the toolbar, the broaches correspond to the scrap accommodating grooves, the guide key corresponds to the guide groove, and an end of an observation post penetrates the closing bolt to be connected onto the toolbar. The broaching type rock-burst-resistant anchor rod has the advantages that the anchor rod is simple in structure, easy to machine and manufacture and high in intensive-impact-resistant capacity and reliability, is safe and can severely deform instantly, and continuous constant deformation resistance can be generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering anchoring support field, particularly relate to rock-burst prevention field.Refer to that a kind of being applicable to, in the surrounding rock supporting that rock burst threatens, has the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula of realistic meaning to the infringement that effectively control rock burst causes particularly.
Background technology
Rock burst is the dynamic buckling phenomenon after the hard fragility country rock excavate and unload of structural integrity under large ground pressure under some factor is brought out, often the catastrophic failure of underground construction is caused, along with exploitation is deepened, rock burst aggravates and takes place frequently to be the Important Project disaster that rock mechanics and engineering circle is approved jointly.Rockburst control technical research is final purpose, the possibility and the degree of strength that namely occur for rock burst and its prophylactico-therapeutic measures is proposed on the impact of engineering, the harm that elimination or reduction rock burst may cause face staff and equipment etc.
Rockburst control is global problem, in recent years, along with people's understanding in depth energy absorption anchor pole and energy absorption support idea, energy absorption anchor pole demand constantly expands in the whole world, various types of energy absorption anchor pole commercially occurs, as Garford anchor pole, Durabar anchor pole, YieldingSecura anchor pole and Roofex anchor pole etc.Wherein, the Roofex anchor pole that Australian AtlasCopco company produces is the energy-absorption anchor rod that commercialization degree is higher and the scope of application is wider.But because these anchor poles are mainly through changing rod body material attribute or realizing extensible characteristic by point-like friction structure, the resistance of anchor pole and maximum deformation quantity far can not adapt to the large deformation after the hard fragility country rock excavate and unload of deep to be destroyed.The huge energy of abrupt release that rock burst occurs and the large deformation of country rock, cause anchor pole to be pulled off, thus lose effect.
Publication No. is CN201857612U, and the Chinese utility model patent that name is called " one prolongs-elastic reactance rock burst anchor pole " application discloses that a kind of anti-rock burst anchor pole.Improve traditional anchor pole form and structure, a part for body of rod free segment is designed to waveform, extending after making body of rod tension, and add one and consume rock burst kinetic energy and the stiffness spring of anchored force is provided.Publication No. is CN201981537U, and the Chinese utility model patent that name is called " water expansion type elastic anchor rod for resisting rock burst " application discloses that a kind of anti-rock burst anchor pole.This anchor pole, on the basis of water expansion type anchor bar, adds a stiffness spring device in the outer end of anchor pole, during to solve rock burst, top layer slabbing breaking surrounding rock launches phenomenon.But above two kinds of anchor poles occupy drift section headroom because spring exposes, and limited its length and anchor pole elongation limit resistance and the maximum deformation quantity of anchor pole.
Publication No. is CN101858225A and CN102296604A, and title is respectively " constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod ", the Chinese invention patent application of " constant resistance and large deformation cable and permanent resistance install thereof " discloses constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod, cable based on Negative poisson's ratio.The structure with Negative poisson's ratio needs special facture.
Publication No. is CN104100286A, name is called that the Chinese invention patent application of " a kind of constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod/anchor cable and method for designing thereof " discloses a kind of cutting bushing type pressure-relieving achor bar, its bar/cable body is ladder shaft type structure, comprise big outer diameter section and small outer diameter section, casing pipe sleeve is outside big outer diameter section, and annular cutter cross-under is outside at small outer diameter section.When bar/cable body and sleeve pipe produce axial relative displacement, realize distortion by the mutual shear action of cutter and sleeve pipe little internal diameter section and allow pressure energy power.This product major defect is: can produce chip during the big outer diameter section of cutter continuous cutting anchor bar/anchor cable main body, and chip may affect resistance balance distribution, even cannot drawing.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided that a kind of structure is simple, safety, easily processing and fabricating, large deformation can be produced instantaneously, the deformation drag of continued for constant can be provided, resisting strong impact ability is strong, reliability the is high anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula, the energy of hard rock rock burst generating process can be absorbed effectively fast.
For achieving the above object, the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula designed by the present invention, comprise observation post anchoring nut and anti-rock burst device, its special character is: described anti-rock burst device comprises sleeve pipe and broaching body, described sleeve outer wall left end is connected with anchoring nut, described sleeve pipe right end is connected with sealing nut, in described sleeve pipe, be followed successively by thread segment from left to right, section put by taper broaching tool, hold and cut guide section, described thread segment is connected with blind bolt, and described appearance is cut guide section and is provided with radial chip pocket and gathering sill; Described broaching body comprises left end and is placed through knife bar in sleeve pipe, described knife bar left end outer wall is circumferentially distributed with broaching tool and and feather key, described broaching tool is corresponding with chip pocket, and described feather key is corresponding with gathering sill, and described observation post one end is connected on knife bar through blind bolt.
Further, described sleeve outer wall is also connected with pallet, described pallet is positioned at anchoring nut right-hand member, and opening is anchoring nut dorsad.During installation, tray openings face contacts with rock surface, and during surrouding rock deformation, load is delivered to anchor rod body by pallet, gives full play to the effect of anchor pole deformation controlling for rock surrounding gateways.
Further, blind bolt watertight rubber ring is provided with in described blind bolt.Prevent infiltration from entering corrosion sleeve pipe by observation post further.
Again further, described sealing nut and cannula connection are provided with water-stop glue ring.Prevent infiltration from entering corrosion sleeve pipe further.
Again further, described chip pocket number is set to even number, distributes between two along loop bar Central Symmetry.
Again further, described gathering sill is provided with 1, making feather key sliding in groove, keeping broaching body not rotate.
Again further, described broaching tool is key slot type broaching tool.
Again further, described feather key is the rectangular structure of right-hand member rounding, conveniently slides to the right with the effect of broaching tool.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: anchor structure mainly comprises anchoring nut, sleeve pipe and broaching body three part, and structure is simple; When broaching body and sleeve pipe produce axial relative displacement, broaching tool is continuously traveling formula and evenly cuts internal surface of sleeve pipe, can provide the deformation drag of continued for constant; When the pulling force that rock burst makes anchor pole produce is greater than the constant resistance of design, broaching tool cuts sleeve pipe fast, can produce large deformation instantaneously, allows rapidly pressure, thus effectively absorb rock burst sillar launch energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention broaches formula anti-rock burst anchor pole cross-sectional view.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 middle sleeve generalized section.
Fig. 3 is body generalized section of broaching in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the A-A' generalized section of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the B-B' generalized section of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is broaching tool schematic longitudinal section.
In figure: observation post 1, anchoring nut 2, anti-rock burst device 3, comprises sleeve pipe 4, and section 4.2 put by thread segment 4.1, taper broaching tool, hold and cut guide section 4.3, chip pocket 4.31, gathering sill 4.32, be cut part 4.4, broaching body 5, knife bar 5.1, broaching tool 5.2, sword tooth 5.21, chip dividing groove 5.22, rise per tooth 5.23, cutting teeth relief angle 5.24, land 5.25, cutting teeth anterior angle 5.26, feather key 5.3, sealing nut 6, water-stop glue ring 6.1, blind bolt 7, blind bolt watertight rubber ring 7.1, pallet 8.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
The anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula as shown in the figure, comprise observation post 1, anchoring nut 2 and anti-rock burst device 3, wherein, anti-rock burst device 3 comprises sleeve pipe 4 and broaching body 5, sleeve pipe 4 outer wall left end is connected with anchoring nut 2, sleeve pipe 4 right end has been threaded connection sealing nut 6, and sealing nut 6 and sleeve pipe 4 junction are provided with water-stop glue ring 6.1, corrode sleeve pipe 4 in order to avoid infilter into sleeve pipe 4.In sleeve pipe 4, be followed successively by thread segment 4.1 from left to right, section 4.2 put by taper broaching tool, hold and cut guide section 4.3, described thread segment 4.1 is connected with blind bolt 7, on blind bolt 7, circular hole is reserved at center, be convenient to observation post 1 pass, blind bolt watertight rubber ring 7.1 is set in circular hole, in order to avoid infiltration corrodes sleeve pipe by circular hole, hold and cut chip pocket 4.31 and the gathering sill 4.32 that guide section 4.3 is provided with radial direction, chip pocket 4.31 number is set to even number, between two along the distribution of loop bar 4 Central Symmetry, in the present invention, appearance is cut groove 4.31 and is provided with 4; Broaching body 5 comprises left end and is placed through knife bar 5.1 in sleeve pipe, knife bar 5.1 left end outer wall is circumferentially distributed with broaching tool 5.2 and with feather key 5.3, broaching tool 5.2 is corresponding with chip pocket 4.31, feather key 5.3 is corresponding with gathering sill 4.32, feather key 5.3 is the rectangular structure of right-hand member rounding, and observation post 1 one end is connected on knife bar 5.1 through the circular hole of blind bolt 7.In order to give full play to the effect of anchor pole deformation controlling for rock surrounding gateways, sleeve pipe 4 outer wall is also connected with pallet 8, pallet 8 is positioned at anchoring nut 2 right-hand member, and opening is anchoring nut 2 dorsad, openend and country rock surface contact.
Wherein, broaching tool 5.2, feather key 5.3 and the quiet connection of knife bar 5.1; The intensity of broaching tool 5.2 is greater than the intensity of sleeve pipe 4, and during to make broaching body 5 mobile in sleeve pipe 4, broaching tool 5.2 shape invariance and sleeve pipe 4 are cut part 4.4 and plastic strain occurs; Chip pocket 4.31 can hold chip in working angles; Feather key 5.3, in working angles, slides in gathering sill 4.32, keeps broaching body 5 not rotate; Observation post 1 connects with knife bar 5.1 is quiet, and with knife bar 5.1 synchronizing moving, can record sleeve pipe 4 and knife bar 5.1 relative shift, monitor and early warning rock burst activity overall process, observation post 1 can adopt flexible material to process;
Immediately, the mode that broaching tool 5.2 travelling cuts sleeve pipe 4 inwall provides continuous, constant resistance for broaching tool 5.2 cutter head and sleeve pipe 4 inwall.When the pulling force acting on broaching body 5 is less than the constant resistance of design, broaching body 5 does not produce relative displacement with sleeve pipe 4.When the pulling force acting on broaching body 5 is greater than the constant resistance of design, broaching body 5 produces axial relative displacement with sleeve pipe 4, and broaching tool 5.2 is continuously traveling formula and evenly cuts sleeve pipe 4 inwall from sleeve pipe 4 left end, produces constant, continuous print deformation drag thus.The high speed steel material that broaching tool 5.2 adopts suitable metal to cut processes, and sleeve pipe 4 and knife bar 5.1 adopt general steel to process.Broaching tool 5.2 connects with knife bar 5.1 is quiet, and symmetry is arranged on knife bar 5.1, and symmetrically in sleeve pipe 4 can cut sleeve pipe 4 inwall, this design can ensure that the resistance produced in drawing process is along the circumferential balanced distribution of knife bar 5.1.Broaching tool 5.2 is continuously traveling when formula cuts the inwall of sleeve pipe 4 can produce chip, and chip pocket 4.31 can hold chip in working angles, and ensure resistance balance distribution, avoiding cannot drawing.Feather key 5.3 on knife bar 5.1, in working angles, slides in gathering sill 4.32, keeps broaching body 5, with sleeve pipe 4, relative rotation does not occur, thus provides constant cutting resistance.
The broaching tool 5.2 used in the design is key slot type broaching tool, broaching tool 5.2 structure mainly comprises sword tooth 5.21 and chip dividing groove 5.22 two parts, sleeve pipe 4 is cut in the effect of sword tooth 5.21, and the effect of chip dividing groove 5.22 is that the chip produced in working angles is distributed in chip pocket 4.31.Rise per tooth 5.23 is the difference in height of the adjacent two-edged tooth 5.21 of broaching tool 5.2, and rise per tooth 5.23 and the number of teeth decide thickness of cutting; Cutting teeth relief angle 5.24 is the angle with the broaching direction of motion after broaching tool sword tooth 5.21, and cutting teeth relief angle 5.24 can reduce the friction of sword tooth 5.21 below and between surface to be machined; Land 5.25 is the rib band that blade and knife face keep same size, can improve the durability of cutter tooth; The angle that cutting teeth anterior angle 5.26 is formed with the vertical line of the broaching direction of motion above for sword tooth 5.21, is formed cutting and curling, and cutter tooth durability and cutting force size have impact.
The quantity of the number of teeth of each broaching tool, rise per tooth, cutting width and broaching tool can affect the size of constant resistance, and broaching tool quantity, the number of teeth are more, rise per tooth and cutting width larger, its resistance produced is larger.The quantity of broaching tool, the number of teeth of broaching tool, rise per tooth, cutting width are determined by assay optimization.
The mode that broaching formula provided by the invention anti-rock burst anchor pole adopts broaching tool travelling evenly to cut internal surface of sleeve pipe provides continuous, constant resistance.Interaction force between broaching tool and sleeve pipe is complicated, in concrete processing, can under the prerequisite of drag determining anchor pole actual needs, by the rise per tooth of the material determination broaching tool of the broaching tool selected and sleeve pipe, tooth pitch, cutting teeth anterior angle, cutting teeth relief angle and land.Based on this, the present invention further provides the method for designing of above-mentioned anchor pole, concrete technical scheme comprise determine broaching tool (chip pocket) quantity n, broaching tool works number of teeth z simultaneously, broaching width b and chip pocket volume V
pmethod for designing, concrete technical scheme is implemented according to following steps:
Step 1: selected anchor pole material, according to formula 1 determines broaching tool (chip pocket) quantity n, broaching tool works number of teeth z, broaching width b simultaneously:
F
c＝nF′
cbzK
1K
2K
3(1)
In formula, F
cthe maximum uplift resistance needed in-anchor pole Practical Project, kN, is determined by design parameters;
F '
ccutting force (N/mm) on-unit length cutting edge, determines according to shell material and rise per tooth;
K
1k
2k
3-cutting force correction factor is dimensionless group, represents respectively and is usually all taken as 1 by the correction factor that anterior angle, cutting fluid and the cutter tooth degree of wear affect;
N-broaching tool (chip pocket) quantity;
B-broaching width, mm;
Z-works the number of teeth simultaneously;
Step 2: the design of chip pocket volume:
Chip pocket must ensure enough space and cut, namely
V
P/V
c＝K(2)
V
pthe dischargeable capacity of-chip pocket, mm
3;
V
c-chip volume, mm
3;
K-gullet-to-chip area ratio, be dimensionless group, its numerical value is determined by thickness of cutting and shell material;
Step 3: broaching tool strength checking:
Mainly bear tensile stress during broaching tool work, its Method for Checking is according to shown in formula 3:
σ
b＝F
cmax/A
min≤[σ
b](3)
σ
bthe flexural strength of bearing during the work of-broaching tool, Pa;
F
cmaxthe maximum tension stress born during the work of-broaching tool, kN;
A
minminimum cross section on-broaching tool is amassed, mm
2, generally at the chip dividing groove place of first tooth;
[σ
bthe flexural strength of]-broaching tool steel, Pa, is determined by material parameter;
Step 4: be combined as condition with each design parameters that step 1 is determined, verify according to formula 4:
[σ
c](A
1-A
2)≥F
c(4)
[σ
cthe tensile strength of]-casing steel, Pa, is determined by material parameter;
A
1the cross-sectional area of-cutting anterior cannula, mm
2;
A
2-cut sleeve pipe cross-sectional area, mm
2.
Broaching tool (chip pocket) the quantity n of the anti-rock burst anchor pole of above-mentioned broaching formula, broaching tool work number of teeth z, broaching width b and chip pocket volume V simultaneously
pin method for designing, for avoiding eccentric force in drawing process, broaching tool symmetry is arranged on knife bar.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) provides the anti-rock burst anchor pole of a kind of broaching formula constant resistance and large deformation; (2) the anti-rock burst device of anchor pole uses conventional material and processing and fabricating is simple; (3) anchor pole can by changing casing length controlling distortion amount, and allow pressure energy power by changing material, broaching cutters quantity and the regulation and control of broaching area, structure is simple, easily manipulation, resisting strong impact ability be strong, durability is better; (4) present invention also offers the method for designing of the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula, specifically comprise broaching tool (chip pocket) quantity n, broaching tool works number of teeth z simultaneously, broaching width b and chip pocket volume V
pmethod for designing; (5) generally, the present invention be a kind of adapt to high-ground stress hard fragility country rock excavation condition under, possess large deformation and constant-resistance dual-use function have simultaneously compared with high bearing capacity with strong points, make and process broaching formula large deformation anchor rod simple, easy and simple to handle.
Claims (9)
1. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula, comprise observation post (1), anchoring nut (2) and anti-rock burst device (3), it is characterized in that: described anti-rock burst device (3) comprises sleeve pipe (4) and broaching body (5), described sleeve pipe (4) outer wall left end is connected with anchoring nut (2), described sleeve pipe (4) right end is connected with sealing nut (6), in described sleeve pipe, be followed successively by thread segment (4.1) from left to right, section (4.2) put by taper broaching tool, hold and cut guide section (4.3), described thread segment (4.1) is connected with blind bolt (7), described appearance is cut guide section (4.3) and is provided with radial chip pocket (4.31) and gathering sill (4.32), described broaching body (5) comprises left end and is placed through knife bar (5.1) in sleeve pipe, described knife bar (5.1) left end outer wall is circumferentially distributed with broaching tool (5.2) and with feather key (5.3), described broaching tool (5.2) is corresponding with chip pocket (4.31), described feather key (5.3) is corresponding with gathering sill (4.32), and described observation post (1) one end is connected on knife bar (5.1) through blind bolt (7).
2. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sleeve pipe (4) outer wall is also connected with pallet (8), described pallet (8) is positioned at anchoring nut (2) right-hand member, and opening is anchoring nut (2) dorsad.
3. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula according to claim 2, is characterized in that: be provided with blind bolt watertight rubber ring (7.1) in described blind bolt (7).
4. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described sealing nut (6) and sleeve pipe (4) junction are provided with water-stop glue ring (6.1).
5. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described chip pocket (4.31) number is set to even number, distributes between two along loop bar (4) Central Symmetry.
6. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described gathering sill (4.32) is provided with 1.
7. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described broaching tool (5.2) is key slot type broaching tool.
8. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the rectangular structure that described feather key (5.3) is right-hand member rounding.
9. the anti-rock burst anchor pole of the broaching formula according to any one of claim 1 ~ 8, it is characterized in that: described broaching tool (5.2) is high speed steel broaching tool, described loop bar (4) is conventional steels loop bar, and described knife bar (5.1) is conventional steels loop bar.
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| CN201510453754.7A CN105041355B (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2015-07-29 | The anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510453754.7A CN105041355B (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2015-07-29 | The anti-rock burst anchor pole of broaching formula |
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| CN105041355B CN105041355B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106930780A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-07 | 王跃平 | A kind of anchor cable pressure limiting prior-warning device |
| CN107725088A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of anti-rock burst and large deformation wing formula splitting type energy-absorption anchor rod and structure |
| CN108775251A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-09 | 王跃平 | Anchor cable unloader |
| CN110145350A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-20 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | A kind of pulling force dispersing type twin-stage constant-resistance stress release anchor pole |
| CN112593988A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-02 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Multi-section anchoring energy-consumption yielding anchor rod aiming at rock burst and anchoring method |
| US11771183B2 (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2023-10-03 | Joon Bu Park | Negative Poisson's ratio materials for fasteners |
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| CN107725088A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of anti-rock burst and large deformation wing formula splitting type energy-absorption anchor rod and structure |
| CN108775251A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-09 | 王跃平 | Anchor cable unloader |
| CN110145350A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-20 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | A kind of pulling force dispersing type twin-stage constant-resistance stress release anchor pole |
| CN112593988A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-02 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Multi-section anchoring energy-consumption yielding anchor rod aiming at rock burst and anchoring method |
| US11771183B2 (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2023-10-03 | Joon Bu Park | Negative Poisson's ratio materials for fasteners |
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| CN105041355B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
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