CN105039912B - A kind of aluminium silicon carbide composite ceramic material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium silicon carbide composite ceramic material and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium silicon carbide composite ceramic material and its preparation method and application, described aluminium silicon carbide composite ceramic material is prepared by following steps:(1) silicon carbide ceramics is disperseed to be buried in Titanium powder, under vacuum environment, is heated to 1000~1100 DEG C and is incubated 1~3h, surface evaporation is obtained after cooling the ceramic particle of layer of titanium metal;(2) ceramic particle that evaporation has layer of titanium metal is inserted into close-packed arrays in container, forms Ceramic Array, be put into after heating in die casting machine, by metallic aluminium melt cast into Ceramic Array;(3) after being stripped, ceramic surface is cleared up, that is, obtains aluminium silicon carbide composite ceramic material, the aluminium silicon carbide composite ceramic material can be used for making armour.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that composite ceramic material combination is fine and close, preparation method technique is simple, is adapted to industrialization amplification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite ceramic material and its preparation method and application, more particularly, to a kind of aluminum/silicon carbide
Composite ceramic material and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Silicon carbide ceramics is one of physical protection material of current main flow, has density is low, hardness is high, bending strength is high etc.
Feature, shellproof good combination property, and can largely keep the battlefield maneuverability of equipment personnel.But silicon carbide ceramics fragility
Greatly, anti-rounds striking capabilities are poor.In order to overcome this shortcoming, bulk is tiled into using cylindric silicon carbide ceramics solid matter
Bulletproof ceramic plate, can preferably solve the problems, such as the fatal quick brittle failure of ceramic bulletproof plate, especially when cylindrical ceramic particle
Both ends or when using convex-shaped in out surface one end, can also make the bullet of incidence produce deflection, further improve shellproof pottery
The ballistic performance of porcelain.
The potsherd of multiple regular shapes is typically bonded together by conventional ceramic bulletproof plate using adhesive, due to circle
Columnar ceramic arrange when can leave larger gap, with adhesive it is gluing or using rubber filling gap, ceramics between combine
Power is poor, during bullet strike, easily causes multiple ceramics are de- to fly, so as to play protective action.It is so really real
The existing objective of defense, it is necessary to make cylinder ceramics be closely linked, make that there is stronger adhesion between ceramics.
Chinese patent 201410062187.8 discloses a kind of Ceramic Composite armour, including shellproof backboard and located at anti-
The bulletproof ceramic block on backboard is played, bulletproof ceramic block is by plane plate and the curve tab structure for changing bullet impact direction
Into;Curve tab is located at the upper surface of plane plate;The lower surface of plane plate is fixed on shellproof backboard in a manner of face contacts
On.The patent makes the bulletproof ceramic close-packed arrays of convex shape first, is then bonded together using adhesive, although energy
So that the arrangement weight of armour is greatly reduced, but common adhesive the ceramics of convex shape can not be tightly linked into it is whole
Body, it is impossible to ceramics are produced with lateral confinement effect, the penetration that can not ceramics be resisted with bullet provides extra protective effect, from
And make it that the bulletproof ability of bullet proof composite plating is poor.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind combines fine and close, cost
Cheap aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material and its preparation method and application.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, including multiple compact arranged silicon carbide ceramics, the silicon carbide ceramics table
Face is applied and is coated with layer of titanium metal, and alumina-base material is cast between multiple silicon carbide ceramics and is combined integral.
Described layer of titanium metal is by pure titanium and TiO2Composition, wherein, the mass content of pure titanium is 30~80%, described gold
The thickness for belonging to titanium layer is 0.05~1 μm.
Described silicon carbide ceramics is prepared by reaction-sintered, pressureless sintering or hot-pressing sintering technique, described carbon
SiClx ceramics be shaped as diameter of section be 5~30mm cylinder or semi-cylindrical, at least the one of described silicon carbide ceramics
End forms the spherical crown or half spherical crown with its smooth-sided compression candles transition.
Described alumina-base material is pure aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Described aluminium alloy includes the silicon and 0.1~0.3% magnesium that mass fraction is 8~10%, and remaining is aluminium.
A kind of preparation method of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) 30~80% pure titanium powder and 20%~70% TiO is weighed by weight percent2Powder, it is well mixed
Mixed-powder is made afterwards;
(2) silicon carbide ceramics is disperseed to be buried in mixed-powder, under vacuum environment, is heated to 1000~1100 DEG C and protects
1~3h of temperature, surface evaporation is obtained after cooling the ceramic particle of layer of titanium metal;
(3) ceramic particle that evaporation has layer of titanium metal is inserted into close-packed arrays in container, forms Ceramic Array, put after heating
Enter in die casting machine, by alumina-base material melt cast into Ceramic Array;
(4) after being stripped, ceramic surface is cleared up, that is, obtains aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material.
The granularity of described pure titanium powder is 20~60 μm, described TiO2The granularity of powder is 40~100 μm.
The vacuum of vacuum environment is more than or equal to 2 × 10 in step (2)-3Pa。
Ceramic Array is immediately placed in die casting machine after being heated to 200~300 DEG C in step (3), alumina-base material melt
Pouring temperature is 700~800 DEG C, and pouring pressure is 10~40Mpa.
A kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material is used to make armour.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below:
1) combine fine and close:Aluminium is poured into a mould cladding silicon carbide ceramics system by aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material prepared by the present invention
Product, while Ti layers are deposited in surface of SiC, the wetability and adhesion of aluminium and silicon carbide ceramics are improved, aluminium titanium leads in casting process
Cross the Al of reaction in-situ generation3Ti tissue diffusions are distributed in matrix, are played a part of the heterogeneous forming core heart, crystal grain thinning, are helped
In the raising of material property, on the other hand, the reaction of aluminium titanium reduces the chemical reaction between aluminium and carborundum, so as to improve aluminium,
Combination density between silicon carbide ceramic product so that aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material combines densification, successfully solves cylinder
Shape silicon carbide ceramics combines the problem of integral armour, improves the energy of the anti-rounds strike of silicon carbide ceramics armour
Power;
2) ballistic performance is excellent, mobility is high:The aluminium and aluminium alloy that the present invention uses have compared with low-density and good power
Performance is learned, cylindric or semi-cylindrical is ceramic to have excellent ballistic performance, while compared to general ceramic material, present invention system
Standby composite ceramic material is flexible, when being made for armour, will not significantly improve the surface density of ceramic bulletproof plate, maintain
Also the maneuverability requirement of armour can be ensured while high anti-bullet strike performance;
3) preparation technology of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material provided by the present invention is simple, efficiency high, cost are low, holds
Easily carry out industrial amplification.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the compact arranged silicon carbide ceramics of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross section structure diagram of the silicon carbide ceramics of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, comprises the following steps:
(1) be 99% by 90g purity, the metallic titanium powder that granularity is 20~60 μm, with 210g purity be 99.5%, granularity be
40~100 μm of TiO2Powder is well mixed, and is put into the container of graphite material, then 8 columned pressureless sinterings are carbonized
In silicon and the scattered embedment mixed-powder of 2 semi-cylindrical pressureless sintering carborundum, the appearance and size of each carborundum is column type,
Size of main body is Φ 8mm × 12mm, and cylinder one end is plane, the other end is diameter 25mm, is highly 2mm spherical crown, its structure
As shown in Figure 2;
(2) said mixture is put into vacuum drying oven together, keeps vacuum to reach 2 × 10-3Pa or more, it is warming up to
1000 DEG C of insulation 2h, after furnace cooling, take out and clear up ceramic grain surface, obtain deposited layer of metal titanium on surface
Silicon carbide ceramics particle;
(3) above-mentioned 10 silicon carbide ceramics block vertical setting of types is brought into close contact together, is put into a dismountable, inner chamber chi
In the very little steel vessel for 24mm × 21.9mm × 12mm, as shown in Figure 1;By steel vessel together with silicon carbide ceramics in Muffle
250 DEG C are heated in stove, 5min is incubated, is then immediately placed in special die casting machine;
(4) it comprising mass content will be respectively 10% Si, 0.2% Mg, the aluminium alloy melt cast that remaining is aluminium
Into above-mentioned silicon carbide ceramics array, pouring pressure 10MPa, pouring temperature is 720 DEG C;
(5) be stripped and remove steel vessel shell, clear up the aluminum alloy materials of silicon carbide ceramics excess surface, obtain aluminium-
Silicon carbide composite ceramic materials.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, comprises the following steps:
(1) it is 99% by 120g purity, the metallic titanium powder that granularity is 20~60 μm, with 180g, purity 99.5%, granularity
For 40~100 μm of TiO2Powder is well mixed, and is put into the container of graphite material;Again by 8 columned reaction-sintered carbon
In SiClx and the scattered embedment mixed-powder of 2 semi-cylindrical silicon carbide reaction-sintereds, the appearance and size of each carborundum is column
Type, size of main body are Φ 12mm × 10mm, and cylinder one end is plane, the other end is diameter 28mm, is highly 3mm spherical crown;
(2) said mixture is put into vacuum drying oven together, keeps vacuum to reach 2 × 10-3Pa or more, it is warming up to
1100 DEG C of insulation 1h, after furnace cooling, take out and clear up ceramic grain surface, obtain deposited layer of metal titanium on surface
Silicon carbide ceramics particle;
(3) above-mentioned 10 silicon carbide ceramics block vertical setting of types is brought into close contact together, is put into a dismountable, inner chamber chi
In the very little steel vessel for 36mm × 32.8mm × 12mm;Steel vessel is heated in Muffle furnace together with silicon carbide ceramics
200 DEG C, 5min is incubated, is then immediately placed in special die casting machine;
(4) by aluminium alloy (Si mass fractions are 8%, Mg mass fractions are 0.3%, and remaining is aluminium) melt cast to above-mentioned
In silicon carbide ceramics array, pouring pressure 20MPa, pouring temperature is 750 DEG C;
(5) be stripped and remove steel vessel shell, clear up the aluminum alloy materials of silicon carbide ceramics excess surface, obtain aluminium-
Silicon carbide composite ceramic materials.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, including 13 compact arranged silicon carbide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics surface
Painting is coated with 1 μm of layer of titanium metal, and aluminium alloy melt is cast between each silicon carbide ceramics and combination is integral, aluminum/silicon carbide is compound
Ceramic material is prepared by following steps:
(1) the pure titanium powder for being 20 μm by 240g granularities and the TiO that 60g granularities are 40 μm2Powder is well mixed, and is put into pottery
In the crucible of porcelain material, mixed-powder, then columned silicon carbide ceramics and 2 reaction-sintereds by 11 reaction-sintereds is made
Semi-cylindrical the scattered embedment mixed-powder of silicon carbide ceramics in, obtain mixture, cylindric silicon carbide ceramics and semicolumn
The size of main body of shape silicon carbide ceramics is Φ 5mm × 8mm, wherein one end of cylindric silicon carbide ceramics is plane, the other end
For diameter 12mm, be highly 1mm spherical crown, one end of semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics is plane, and the other end is diameter 12mm, height
Spend 1mm half spherical crown;
(2) said mixture is put into vacuum drying oven together, it is 2 × 10 to keep vacuum-3Pa, it is heated to 1000 DEG C and protects
Warm 3h, after furnace cooling, take out and clear up ceramic grain surface, obtaining surface evaporation there are the ceramics of one layer of 1 μm of layer of titanium metal
Grain;
(3) the 11 cylindric silicon carbide ceramics particles and 2 semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics for having layer of titanium metal will be deposited
Particle inserts close-packed arrays in container, forms silicon carbide ceramics array, is placed into after being then heated to 200 DEG C in die casting machine;
(4) aluminium alloy melt that mass percent component is 91.9%Al, 8%Si, 0.1%Mg is poured into die casting machine
In silicon carbide ceramics array in, pouring pressure 10MPa, pouring temperature be 700 DEG C;
(5) after being stripped, shell of tank is removed, the aluminum alloy materials of silicon carbide ceramics excess surface is cleared up, that is, obtains aluminium-carbon
SiClx composite ceramic material.
Embodiment 4
A kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, including 10 compact arranged silicon carbide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics surface
Painting is coated with 0.05 μm of layer of titanium metal, and aluminium alloy melt is cast between each silicon carbide ceramics and combination is integral, aluminum/silicon carbide is multiple
Ceramic material is closed to be prepared by following steps:
(1) the pure titanium powder for being 60 μm by 90g granularities and the TiO that 210g granularities are 100 μm2Powder is well mixed, and is put into
In the crucible of ceramic material, mixed-powder, then columned silicon carbide ceramics and 2 hot pressing burnings by 8 hot pressed sinterings is made
In the scattered embedment mixed-powder of the silicon carbide ceramics of the semi-cylindrical of knot, mixture, cylindric silicon carbide ceramics and semicircle are obtained
The size of main body of column silicon carbide ceramics is Φ 30mm × 8mm, wherein the both ends of cylindric silicon carbide ceramics are diameter
32mm, it is highly 4mm spherical crown, the both ends of semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics are diameter 32mm, height 4mm half spherical crown;
(2) said mixture is put into vacuum drying oven together, it is 3 × 10 to keep vacuum-3Pa, it is heated to 1100 DEG C and protects
Warm 1h, after furnace cooling, take out and clear up ceramic grain surface, obtaining surface evaporation there are the ceramics of one layer of 0.05 μm of layer of titanium metal
Particle;
(3) the 8 cylindric silicon carbide ceramics particles and 2 semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics for having layer of titanium metal will be deposited
Grain inserts close-packed arrays in container, forms silicon carbide ceramics array, is placed into after being then heated to 300 DEG C in die casting machine;
(4) aluminium alloy melt that mass percent component is 89.7%Al, 10%Si, 0.3%Mg is poured into die casting machine
In silicon carbide ceramics array in device, pouring pressure 40MPa, pouring temperature is 800 DEG C;
(5) after being stripped, shell of tank is removed, the aluminum alloy materials of silicon carbide ceramics excess surface is cleared up, that is, obtains aluminium-carbon
SiClx composite ceramic material.
Embodiment 5
A kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, including 10 compact arranged silicon carbide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics surface
Painting is coated with 0.08 μm of layer of titanium metal, and melt is cast between each silicon carbide ceramics and combination is integral, aluminum/silicon carbide is compound
Ceramic material is prepared by following steps:
(1) the pure titanium powder for being 40 μm by 120g granularities and the TiO that 180g granularities are 60 μm2Powder is well mixed, and is put into
In the crucible of ceramic material, mixed-powder, then columned silicon carbide ceramics and 2 reaction burnings by 8 reaction-sintereds is made
In the scattered embedment mixed-powder of the silicon carbide ceramics of the semi-cylindrical of knot, mixture, cylindric silicon carbide ceramics and semicircle are obtained
The size of main body of column silicon carbide ceramics is Φ 20mm × 8mm, wherein the both ends of cylindric silicon carbide ceramics are diameter
24mm, it is highly 3mm spherical crown, the both ends of semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics are diameter 24mm, height 3mm half spherical crown;
(2) said mixture is put into vacuum drying oven together, it is 5 × 10 to keep vacuum-3Pa, it is heated to 1050 DEG C and protects
Warm 2h, after furnace cooling, take out and clear up ceramic grain surface, obtaining surface evaporation there are the ceramics of one layer of 0.08 μm of layer of titanium metal
Particle;
(3) the 8 cylindric silicon carbide ceramics particles and 2 semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics for having layer of titanium metal will be deposited
Grain inserts close-packed arrays in container, forms silicon carbide ceramics array, is placed into after being then heated to 300 DEG C in die casting machine;
(4) melt is poured into the silicon carbide ceramics array in die casting machine, pouring pressure 30MPa, poured into a mould
Temperature is 750 DEG C;
(5) after being stripped, shell of tank is removed, the aluminum of silicon carbide ceramics excess surface is cleared up, that is, obtains aluminum/silicon carbide
Composite ceramic material.
Embodiment 6
A kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, including 13 compact arranged silicon carbide ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics surface
Painting is coated with 1 μm of layer of titanium metal, and aluminium alloy melt is cast between each silicon carbide ceramics and combination is integral, aluminum/silicon carbide is compound
Ceramic material is prepared by following steps:
(1) the pure titanium powder for being 20 μm by 200g granularities and the TiO that 100g granularities are 40 μm2Powder is well mixed, and is put into
In the crucible of ceramic material, mixed-powder, then columned silicon carbide ceramics and 2 reaction burnings by 11 reaction-sintereds is made
In the scattered embedment mixed-powder of the silicon carbide ceramics of the semi-cylindrical of knot, mixture, cylindric silicon carbide ceramics and semicircle are obtained
The size of main body of column silicon carbide ceramics is Φ 10mm × 8mm, wherein one end of cylindric silicon carbide ceramics is plane, it is another
Hold for diameter 12mm, be highly 1mm spherical crown, one end of semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics is plane, the other end be diameter 12mm,
Height 1mm half spherical crown;
(2) said mixture is put into vacuum drying oven together, it is 2 × 10 to keep vacuum-3Pa, it is heated to 1000 DEG C and protects
Warm 2h, after furnace cooling, take out and clear up ceramic grain surface, obtaining surface evaporation there are the ceramics of one layer of 1 μm of layer of titanium metal
Grain;
(3) the 11 cylindric silicon carbide ceramics particles and 2 semi-cylindrical silicon carbide ceramics for having layer of titanium metal will be deposited
Particle inserts close-packed arrays in container, forms silicon carbide ceramics array, is placed into after being then heated to 250 DEG C in die casting machine;
(4) aluminium alloy melt that mass percent component is 90%Al, 9.8%Si, 0.2%Mg is poured into die casting machine
In silicon carbide ceramics array in, pouring pressure 10MPa, pouring temperature be 700 DEG C;
(5) after being stripped, shell of tank is removed, the aluminum alloy materials of silicon carbide ceramics excess surface is cleared up, that is, obtains aluminium-carbon
SiClx composite ceramic material.
Obtained aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramics is mainly for the preparation of armour in the various embodiments described above, to obtained each aluminium-
Carbide composite ceramic is detected, and specific detection data are as follows:
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material, it is characterised in that described composite ceramic material includes more
Individual compact arranged silicon carbide ceramics, the silicon carbide ceramics Coating have layer of titanium metal, poured into a mould between multiple silicon carbide ceramics
There is alumina-base material and combine integral;
Above-mentioned composite ceramic material is made by the following method:
(1) 30~80% pure titanium powder and 20%~70% TiO is weighed by weight percent2Powder, it is made after being well mixed
Mixed-powder;
(2) silicon carbide ceramics is disperseed to be buried in mixed-powder, under vacuum environment, is heated to 1000~1100 DEG C and insulation 1
~3h, surface evaporation is obtained after cooling the ceramic particle of layer of titanium metal;
(3) ceramic particle that evaporation has layer of titanium metal is inserted into close-packed arrays in container, forms Ceramic Array, pressure is put into after heating
In casting machine device, by alumina-base material melt cast into Ceramic Array;
(4) after being stripped, ceramic surface is cleared up, that is, obtains aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material.
2. the preparation method of a kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Layer of titanium metal by pure titanium and TiO2Composition, wherein, the mass content of pure titanium is 30~80%, the thickness of described layer of titanium metal
For 0.05~1 μm.
3. the preparation method of a kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Silicon carbide ceramics be prepared by reaction-sintered, pressureless sintering or hot-pressing sintering technique, the shape of described silicon carbide ceramics
Shape is the cylinder or semi-cylindrical that diameter of section is 5~30mm, and at least one end of described silicon carbide ceramics is formed and its side
The spherical crown or half spherical crown that face smoothly transits.
4. the preparation method of a kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Alumina-base material be pure aluminum or aluminum alloy.
5. the preparation method of a kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described
Aluminium alloy include mass fraction be 8~10% silicon and 0.1~0.3% magnesium, remaining is aluminium.
6. the preparation method of a kind of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Pure titanium powder granularity be 20~60 μm, described TiO2The granularity of powder is 40~100 μm.
A kind of 7. preparation method of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
(2) vacuum of vacuum environment is more than or equal to 2 × 10 in-3Pa。
A kind of 8. preparation method of aluminum/silicon carbide composite ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
(3) Ceramic Array is immediately placed in after being heated to 200~300 DEG C in die casting machine in, and the pouring temperature of alumina-base material melt is 700
~800 DEG C, pouring pressure is 10~40Mpa.
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CN108754204B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2020-06-05 | 广东技术师范学院天河学院 | Silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN110499434B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-01-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-scale ceramic reinforced aluminum-based composite material containing close-packed bodies and preparation method thereof |
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CN102581259B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-12-04 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method of ceramic column array reinforced metal based composite material or part |
CN103868413A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 北京同益中特种纤维技术开发有限公司 | Ceramic composite bulletproof plate |
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