CN105039649A - Method for smelting high-carbon-content and high-manganese-content molten steel through argon oxygen decarburizing furnace - Google Patents
Method for smelting high-carbon-content and high-manganese-content molten steel through argon oxygen decarburizing furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for smelting low-carbon-content and high-manganese-content molten steel through an argon oxygen decarburizing furnace includes the step of placing liquid metal raw materials, manganese iron, solid metal materials, slag making materials, carburant, lime and/or dolomite in the argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, the step of conducting decarburization, the step of conducting reduction, the step of conducting desulfuration and the step of adjusting constituents and temperature, wherein in the step of conducting decarburization, in the decarburization period, the carbon content in blowing molten steel is larger than or equal to 1.5% , and the temperature of the molten steel is higher than or equal to 1450 DEG C; the decarburization period at least includes one stage, and in the first stage, the ratio of oxygen to argon is smaller than or equal to 3:1, and decarburization is not stopped until the carbon content is 0.8-1.2%; in the second stage, the ratio of oxygen to argon is smaller than or equal to 1:1, and decarburization is not stopped until the carbon content is 0.5-0.8%; in the third stage, the ratio of oxygen to argon is smaller than or equal to 1:4, and decarburization is not stopped until the carbon content reaches the lower limit of the product specification or is 0.1-0.2% lower than the lower limit; then oxygen blowing is stopped, and argon is blown; the molten steel is discharged when the carbon content is 0.35-1.5% and the manganese content is 10-26%. The production cost is low, the efficiency is high, and mass production is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, particularly relate to a kind of smelting process of steel, specifically a kind of method of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel.
Background technology
Automotive light weight technology reduces motor vehicle exhaust, reduction oil consumption, realizes the major measure of the target of production environment friendly automobile.Twin crystal inducing plasticity (TWIP) steel has the good combination of intensity and plasticity, is the new steel grade being suitable as automobile steel in the various automobile steel schemes proposed at present most.
With regard to the various TWIP steel systems of countries in the world research, all concentrate on the high manganese Fe-Mn-C matrix system containing manganese 18% ~ 33%, add the elements such as Al, Si, Ni, V, Mo, Cu, Ti, Nb, Cr of different amount on this basis.Wherein: C0.35% ~ 1.05%, Mn15% ~ 26%, Si≤3.0%, Al≤0.050%, S≤0.030%, P≤0.080%, N≤0.1%, all the other to be the high carbon high manganese steel of iron and impurity be the most typical class TWIP steel now.
Due in TWIP steel containing a large amount of manganese, manganese has the feature more much bigger than the avidity of iron and oxygen with the avidity of oxygen, and how carrying out alloying is at low cost one of them very important technical barrier.
Patent documentation CN102312158A discloses a kind of Nb, Ti alloying Low-carbon High Strength high-ductility TWIP steel and preparation method, adopts induction furnace to carry out melting.Patent documentation CN102690938A discloses a kind of low-carbon (LC) Fe-Mn-Al-Si system TWIP steel scale up test method, adopts induction furnace and electroslag remelting furnace double melting TWIP steel.Patent documentation CN1743489A discloses a kind of high-manganese steel smelting process and High Manganese Steel Casting, adopts induction furnace to carry out the high mangaenese steel of melting containing 10% ~ 14%Mn, 1% ~ 1.4%C.Patent documentation CN102286704A discloses a kind of Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-manganese steel and preparation method thereof, provides containing 12% ~ 14%Mn, and the casting of the antiwear high manganese steel of 1.2% ~ 1.3%C, thermal treatment process, do not provide smelting process.Patent documentation CN103484777A discloses a kind of Austenitic Manganese Steel and preparation method thereof, adopts induction furnace melting containing the high mangaenese steel of 16% ~ 19%Mn, 0.9% ~ 1.5%C.These methods are all not suitable for large-scale production, can not meet the demand of automobile industry to this steel grade.Patent documentation CN101191180A discloses a kind of ultra-high performance wearable high-manganese steel containing 10.5% ~ 20.0%Mn, 1.0% ~ 1.5%C and production method thereof, only provides the alloying technology of the element beyond demanganization.Patent documentation CN101191180A discloses a kind of Automotive high manganese steel containing 23.5% ~ 24.4%Mn, 0.55% ~ 0.64%C and manufacture method thereof, provides rolling technology, does not provide corresponding smelting process.Patent documentation CN103468874A discloses a kind of production method adopting Ar-O_2 furnace smelting low carbon TWIP steel, and containing 20% ~ 30%Mn, C≤0.06% in TWIP steel, adopt manganese metal or electrolytic manganese to carry out the alloying of manganese, raw materials cost is high; Adopt the most hyperoxia/argon ratio of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace to carry out oxygen decarburization, the element that manganese, silicon etc. are large with oxygen affinity can be oxidized in a large number, and recovery rate is low.
The cost how reducing high-carbon height manganese TWIP steel production process interalloy is a very important technology and production problem.
Prior art adopts expensive manganese metal or electrolytic manganese to carry out the alloying of manganese, and the present invention adopts cheap ferromanganese, particularly high carbon ferromanganese to carry out alloying, can conservation cost greatly.
(2) in AOD smelting process, the scaling loss of manganese is low, and the recovery rate of alloying element is high.
The present invention, in the oxygen decarburization stage of AOD, adopts high opening to blow carbon content, higher temperature, and lower oxygen/argon ratio blows, and meets the thermodynamic principles of " carbon elimination guarantor manganese ":
[C]+(MnO)＝CO(g)+[Mn]
The recovery rate of manganese can reach more than 92%.
(3) be convenient to the low cost large-scale commercial production of TWIP steel, production efficiency is high, easy to operate, and technique is simply ripe.
Utilize present method significantly can reduce the raw materials cost of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting, significantly improve the recovery rate of alloying of manganese.The product produced is the content of carbon is 0.35% ~ 1.5%, and Fe content is the high manganese high carbon steel of 10% ~ 33%.Representative steel grade is high-carbon height manganese TWIP steel within the scope of this of carbon and Fe content and high-carbon height manganese wear-resistant steel.High-carbon height manganese TWIP steel main component is: C0.35% ~ 1.05%, Mn15% ~ 26%, Si≤3.0%, Al≤0.050%, S≤0.030%, P≤0.080%, N≤0.1%.High-carbon height manganese wear-resistant steel main component: C0.9% ~ 1.5%, Mn10 ~ 20%.
The present invention adopts the production unit of the existing maturation of Steel Plant to carry out scale operation, and efficiency is high, working method, technical maturity, easy to operate, low to the requirement of raw material, strong to adaptability to raw material.Raw materials cost and running cost all significantly reduce.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel, when the method for described this argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel solves high manganese TWIP smelting steel of the prior art, manganese is very easily oxidized, the technical problem that during alloying, recovery rate is low, the technical problem that when solving the TWIP steel scale operation of high-carbon height manganese, cost is high simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of method of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel, comprise the steps:
1) step of a charging, is placed in an argon oxygen decarburizing furnace by liquid metal raw material, ferromanganese or manganese containing materials, solid-state metallic material, slag making materials, carburelant, lime and/or rhombspar; Described liquid metal raw material is electric arc furnace, the high-carbon molten steel obtained smelted by converter, induction furnace, the mixing of any one or two or more arbitrary proportions in molten iron that blast-furnace smelting obtains or the molten iron after the pre-dephosphorization of molten iron and pre-desulfurization process; According to the content of manganese in liquid metal raw material, by ferromanganese and other solid-state metallic material containing manganese, manganese is fitted in product specification limit; According to the carbon content that content and other furnace charges of carbon in liquid metal raw material are brought into, with carburelant, the content of carbon is fitted on more than the concentration opened and blow carbon content requirement in molten steel; Other elements in Finished Steel except Silicified breccias, are fitted on the lower limit of product specification by the solid-state metallic material containing this element; Total add-on of lime and/or rhombspar is 1 ~ 7% of weight of loading;
2) step of a decarburization, carbon period is opened and is blown carbon content in molten steel and be more than or equal to 1.5%, and liquid steel temperature is greater than or equal to 1450 DEG C; Carbon period at least comprises one and more than one stage in following three phases, the oxygen/argon ratio≤3:1 of first stage, and decarburization is to 0.8% ~ 1.2%; Oxygen/argon ratio≤the 1:1 of second stage, decarburization is to 0.5% ~ 0.8%; O2 to Ar ratio≤the 1:4 of three phases, decarburization deducts 0.1% ~ 0.2% to product specification lower limit or specification lower limit; Then stop oxygen decarburization, change blowing argon gas; The basicity of slag of carbon period, i.e. CaO/SiO
2massfraction ratio control in 0.8 to 2.5 scopes, to strengthen dephosphorization;
3) step of a reduction step and a desulfurization, add reductor deoxidation, described reductor is the mixing of any one or two or more arbitrary proportions in aluminium ingot, ferrosilicon, silico-calcium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium and ferro-silicon-aluminium, and the add-on of described reductor is less than 3.5kg/t molten steel; Remove slag, then add lime and the fluorite of reduction period slag making, the add-on of reduction period lime is 1 ~ 3% of Metal Weight, and reduction period fluorite add-on is less than 1% of Metal Weight;
4) step of a composition and temperature adjustment, the content of manganese metal or electrolytic manganese adjustment manganese is added according to the specification composition lower limit of manganese in product, the industrial pure metal adjusting component of other alloying elements, can tap when composition, temperature reach requirement, when the mass percentage of C between 0.35% ~ 1.05%, the mass percentage of Mn between 15% ~ 26% time, obtain high-carbon height manganese TWIP steel; When the mass percentage of C is between 0.9% ~ 1.5%, when the mass percentage of Mn is between 10 ~ 20%, obtain high-carbon height manganese wear-resistant steel.
Further, the mixing of any one or the two or more arbitrary proportions in heat-generating agent ferrosilicon, aluminium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium, silico-calcium can also be added in argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, according to the add-on of the add-on determination heat-generating agent of liquid steel water temp and other cold burdens, the add-on of various heat-generating agent is lower than 20kg/t molten steel.
Further, the mixing of any one or the two or more arbitrary proportions in the pig iron, spent cathodes block, carbon dust and other carburelant can also be added in argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, to improve the carbon content in molten steel.
Further, at charging procedure, ferromanganese carries out the alloying of manganese, and the add-on of ferromanganese exceedes more than 60% of whole alloying of manganese material add-on, and wherein ferromanganese comprises high carbon ferromanganese, mid-carbon fe-mn, low carbon ferromanganese or micro-carbon ferromanganese.
Further, disposablely before blowing add whole alloying of manganese furnace charge, or add more than 60% of whole alloying of manganese furnace charge amount, the ferromanganese wherein for alloying of manganese all adds.
Further, the metallic substance added before blowing is ferrosilicon, aluminium ingot, aluminium silicon, ferro-silicon-aluminium, silicomanganese, manganese metal, electrolytic manganese, steel scrap or the mixing of any one or the two or more arbitrary proportions in the alloying material of other elements that comprises in refining product.
Further, for slagging as early as possible, be convenient to dephosphorization, the slag making materials of oxygen blast stage slag making can also be added, for any one in scale oxide or fluorite or two kinds, wherein scale oxide add-on is less than or equal to 15% of the total add-on of lime and White Cloud Mountain, and fluorite add-on is less than 1/3 of the total add-on of lime and White Cloud Mountain.
Further, carbon period is opened and is blown carbon content in molten steel and be more than or equal to 2.0%, and liquid steel temperature is greater than or equal to 1500 DEG C; Carbon period at least comprises one and more than one stage in following three phases, the oxygen/argon ratio≤3:1 of first stage, and decarburization is to 0.8% ~ 1%; Oxygen/argon ratio≤the 1:1 of second stage, decarburization is to 0.5% ~ 0.6%; O2 to Ar ratio≤the 1:4 of three phases, decarburization deducts 0.1% ~ 0.2% to product specification lower limit or specification lower limit; Then stop oxygen decarburization, change blowing argon gas.
Further, the qualified high-carbon high Mn content molten steel smelted is automobile high-carbon height manganese twin crystal inducing plasticity steel (TWIP) or antiwear high manganese steel; In high manganese TWIP steel, carbon content is 0.35% ~ 1.20%, and Fe content is 18% ~ 33%; In antiwear high manganese steel, carbon content is 0.9% ~ 1.5%, and the content of manganese is 10 ~ 20%.
Compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is the method for AOD furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel of the present invention:
(1) adopt ferromanganese, particularly high carbon ferromanganese to carry out the alloying of manganese, raw materials cost reduces greatly.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, add 200 kilograms of lime, be blended into 5.5 tons, the molten steel that induction furnace provides, its composition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1AOD enters stove molten steel composition (massfraction, %)
| C | Mn | Si | P | S |
| 2.52 | 0.54 | 0.32 | 0.010 | 0.009 |
Add high carbon ferromanganese 3.1 tons, add ferrosilicon 40 kilograms, the oxidation and decarbonization phase adds lime in two batches, often criticizes and adds 200 kilograms, often criticizes and adds fluorite 30kg.
Thermometric, temperature 1506 DEG C.
Adopt the oxygen/argon ratio of 2:1 to carry out oxygen decarburization, blowing to carbon content in molten steel is 0.85%.Oxygen/argon the ratio using 1:3 instead carries out oxygen decarburization, and blowing to carbon content in molten steel is 0.53%, adds lime.Oxygen/argon the ratio using 1:6 instead carries out oxygen decarburization, and blowing to carbon content in molten steel is 0.38%, thermometric 1705 DEG C.Sampling, molten steel composition is in table 2.
Molten steel composition (massfraction, %) at the end of the table 2AOD oxygen decarburization phase
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.38 | 24.12 | 0.57 | 0.026 | 0.015 | 0.003 |
Blow off oxygen, a blowing argon gas, adds silico-calcium 80 kilograms, and silicon calcium powder 50 kilograms carries out deoxidation.
Remove slag, make new slag.Add 200 kilograms of lime, 40 kilograms of fluorites.
Add FeSi75C ferrosilicon 230 kilograms.
Sampling, molten steel composition is in table 3.Thermometric, 1634 DEG C.
Tapping.
Molten steel composition (massfraction, %) at the end of the table 3AOD oxygen decarburization phase
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.40 | 22.92 | 2.42 | 0.026 | 0.008 | 0.003 |
Embodiment 2:
In argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, add 200 kilograms of lime, be blended into 5.4 tons, the molten steel that induction furnace provides, its composition is as shown in table 4.
Table 4AOD enters stove molten steel composition (massfraction, %)
| C | Mn | Si | P | S |
| 2.5 | 0.46 | 0.23 | 0.012 | 0.006 |
Add high carbon ferromanganese 1.56 tons, add ferrosilicon 40 kilograms, the oxidation and decarbonization phase adds lime in two batches, often criticizes and adds 200 kilograms, often criticizes and adds fluorite 30kg.
Thermometric, temperature 1513 DEG C.
Adopt the oxygen/argon ratio of 2:1 to carry out oxygen decarburization, blowing to carbon content in molten steel is 0.92%., thermometric 1701 DEG C.Sampling, molten steel composition is in table 5.
Molten steel composition (massfraction, %) at the end of the table 5AOD oxygen decarburization phase
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.92 | 15.13 | 0.53 | 0.029 | 0.012 | 0.003 |
Blow off oxygen, a blowing argon gas, adds silico-calcium 80 kilograms, and silicon calcium powder 50 kilograms carries out deoxidation.
Remove slag, make new slag.Add 200 kilograms of lime, 40 kilograms of fluorites.
Sampling, molten steel composition is in table 6.Thermometric, 1641 DEG C.
Tapping.
Molten steel composition (massfraction, %) during table 6AOD smelting endpoint
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Al |
| 0.93 | 13.95 | 0.64 | 0.027 | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Claims (8)
1., by a method for argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) step of a charging, is placed in an argon oxygen decarburizing furnace by liquid metal raw material, ferromanganese or manganese containing materials, solid-state metallic material, slag making materials, carburelant, lime and/or rhombspar; Described liquid metal raw material is electric arc furnace, the high-carbon molten steel obtained smelted by converter, induction furnace, the mixing of any one or two or more arbitrary proportions in molten iron that blast-furnace smelting obtains or the molten iron after the pre-dephosphorization of molten iron and pre-desulfurization process; According to the content of manganese in liquid metal raw material, by ferromanganese and other solid-state metallic material containing manganese, manganese is fitted in product specification limit; According to the carbon content that content and other furnace charges of carbon in liquid metal raw material are brought into, with carburelant, the content of carbon is fitted on more than the concentration opened and blow carbon content requirement in molten steel; Other elements in Finished Steel except Silicified breccias, are fitted on the lower limit of product specification by the solid-state metallic material containing this element; Total add-on of lime and/or rhombspar is 1 ~ 7% of weight of loading;
2) step of a decarburization, carbon period is opened and is blown carbon content in molten steel and be more than or equal to 1.5%, and liquid steel temperature is greater than or equal to 1450 DEG C; Carbon period at least comprises one and more than one stage in following three phases, the oxygen/argon ratio≤3:1 of first stage, and decarburization is to 0.8% ~ 1.2%; Oxygen/argon ratio≤the 1:1 of second stage, decarburization is to 0.5% ~ 0.8%; O2 to Ar ratio≤the 1:4 of three phases, decarburization deducts 0.1% ~ 0.2% to product specification lower limit or specification lower limit; Then stop oxygen decarburization, change blowing argon gas; The basicity of slag of carbon period, i.e. CaO/SiO
2massfraction ratio control in 0.8 to 2.5 scopes, to strengthen dephosphorization;
3) step of a reduction step and a desulfurization, add reductor deoxidation, described reductor is the mixing of any one or two or more arbitrary proportions in aluminium ingot, ferrosilicon, silico-calcium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium and ferro-silicon-aluminium, and the add-on of described reductor is less than 3.5kg/t molten steel; Remove slag, then add lime and the fluorite of reduction period slag making, the add-on of reduction period lime is 1 ~ 3% of Metal Weight, and reduction period fluorite add-on is less than 1% of Metal Weight;
4) step of a composition and temperature adjustment, the content of manganese metal or electrolytic manganese adjustment manganese is added according to the specification composition lower limit of manganese in product, the industrial pure metal adjusting component of other alloying elements, can tap when composition, temperature reach requirement, when the mass percentage of C between 0.35% ~ 1.05%, the mass percentage of Mn between 15% ~ 26% time, obtain high-carbon height manganese TWIP steel; When the mass percentage of C is between 0.9% ~ 1.5%, when the mass percentage of Mn is between 10 ~ 20%, obtain high-carbon height manganese wear-resistant steel.
2. the method for a kind of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mixing that can also add any one or the two or more arbitrary proportions in heat-generating agent ferrosilicon, aluminium, aluminium silicon, aluminium calcium, silico-calcium in argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, according to the add-on of the add-on determination heat-generating agent of liquid steel water temp and other cold burdens, the add-on of various heat-generating agent is lower than 20kg/t molten steel.
3. the method for a kind of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mixing that can also add any one or the two or more arbitrary proportions in the pig iron, spent cathodes block, carbon dust and other carburelant in argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, to improve the carbon content in molten steel.
4. the method for a kind of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt ferromanganese to carry out the alloying of manganese, the add-on of ferromanganese exceedes more than 60% of total add-on of whole alloying of manganese material, and wherein ferromanganese comprises high carbon ferromanganese, mid-carbon fe-mn, low carbon ferromanganese or micro-carbon ferromanganese.
5. the method for a kind of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: disposablely before blowing add whole alloying of manganese furnace charge, or adding more than 60% of whole alloying of manganese furnace charge amount, the ferromanganese wherein for alloying of manganese all adds.
6. the method for a kind of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the metallic substance added before blowing is ferrosilicon, aluminium ingot, aluminium silicon, ferro-silicon-aluminium, silicomanganese, manganese metal, electrolytic manganese, steel scrap or the mixing of any one or the two or more arbitrary proportions in the alloying material of other elements that comprises in refining product.
7. the method for a kind of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described slag making materials is any one or two kinds in the scale oxide of oxygen blast stage slag making or fluorite, oxygen blast stage slag making scale oxide add-on is less than or equal to 15% of the total add-on of lime and White Cloud Mountain, and fluorite add-on is less than 1/3 of the total add-on of lime and White Cloud Mountain.
8. the method for a kind of argon oxygen decarburizing furnace smelting high carbon high Mn content molten steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: carbon period is opened and blown carbon content in molten steel and be more than or equal to 2.0%, and liquid steel temperature is greater than or equal to 1500 DEG C; Carbon period at least comprises one and more than one stage in following three phases, the oxygen/argon ratio≤3:1 of first stage, and decarburization is to 0.8% ~ 1%; Oxygen/argon ratio≤the 1:1 of second stage, decarburization is to 0.5% ~ 0.6%; O2 to Ar ratio≤the 1:4 of three phases, decarburization deducts 0.1% ~ 0.2% to product specification lower limit or specification lower limit; Then stop oxygen decarburization, change blowing argon gas.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109055667A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-21 | 河南鑫金汇不锈钢产业有限公司 | A kind of decarburization smelting process of high manganese stainless steel |
| CN114317892A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 湖州盛特隆金属制品有限公司 | AOD secondary blowing-back decarburization method for ultra-low carbon steel smelting |
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| JPS63134610A (en) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-07 | Nkk Corp | Method for refining molten steel |
| CN101338396A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-01-07 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting very-low carbon and high silicon stainless steel by AOD |
| CN103468874A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-25 | 北京科技大学 | Method for manufacturing low-carbon TWIP steel through AOD (argon oxygen decarburization) furnace |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS63134610A (en) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-07 | Nkk Corp | Method for refining molten steel |
| CN101338396A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-01-07 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting very-low carbon and high silicon stainless steel by AOD |
| CN103468874A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-25 | 北京科技大学 | Method for manufacturing low-carbon TWIP steel through AOD (argon oxygen decarburization) furnace |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109055667A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-21 | 河南鑫金汇不锈钢产业有限公司 | A kind of decarburization smelting process of high manganese stainless steel |
| CN114317892A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 湖州盛特隆金属制品有限公司 | AOD secondary blowing-back decarburization method for ultra-low carbon steel smelting |
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