CN105034076B - A kind of dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of fibre reinforced composites - Google Patents
A kind of dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of fibre reinforced composites Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of a kind of fibre reinforced composites of the present invention belongs to drilling tool technical field in machining, relates to the dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of a kind of fibrous composite.Dedicated tool has and intersects micro-toothing of rotation direction and press down the multiple-cutting-edge Double Tops angle of structure of shaking, this cutter is divided into the first main cutting district of being formed by the first main cutting edge envelope, the second main cutting edge envelope is formed the second main cutting district, envelope be end the secondary cutting region of left-handed Luo Jiao of hole dimension, reducing district, clamp area and region, six, micro-tooth cutting region.The present invention adopts multiple-cutting-edge Double Tops corner structure, it is achieved bores, expand, cut with scissors integration processing, reduces drilling axial force, reduce lamination defect.By adjacent cutting sword intersects micro-toothing of rotation direction, can effectively remove entry and exit burr, reduce and tear damage when forming whole hole, improve the quality of entrance hole wall, finally realize the disposable low damage drilling of fibre reinforced composites.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drilling tool technical field in machining, relate to a kind of dedicated tool for the efficient drilling of fibre reinforced composites, this cutter is to have micro-toothing of intersection rotation direction and press down the Double Tops angle cutter of structure of shaking, and is particularly suitable for the disposable high-quality of carbon fibre reinforced composite, high efficiency drilling processing.
Background technology
Fibre reinforced composites generally all possess the mechanical performance of excellence, and its overall performance can design, and is prone to global shape synchronous forming manufacture, it is widely used in the component in the fields such as Aero-Space, and then construction weight can be alleviated, reduce the manufacturing cycle, improve reliability.Particularly carbon fibre reinforced composite, its characteristic such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, it is commonly used to manufacture the core load-carrying member of aircraft, but for realize being linked and packed between part, this type of material must be carried out corresponding machining, wherein processing connecting hole is one of most hard work in machining, for instance a frame Boeing-747 aircraft has more than 300 ten thousand connecting holes.But due to the mixed style that carbon fibre reinforced composite is mainly made up of mutually fibre reinforced phase and resin matrix, macroscopically presenting obvious anisotropy and stack features, its interfacial bonding strength is far below other directions.Owing to entrance and exit position constraint effect is weak during boring, apex point very easily produces bigger axial force, backs down a few layer material of outermost, produces delamination damage, and because fiber bending cannot be caused by cut staple, cause and tear and burr equivalent damage.Simultaneously as fibre reinforced is mutually extremely hard, easily aggravate tool wear, cause that cutting edge is not sharp, it is difficult to cut staple, very easily cause serious outlet and entrance burr.For overcoming the problems referred to above, it is achieved high-quality hole machined on carbon fibre reinforced composite, enterprise generally uses the diamond-coated tools of costliness, adopts the processing of " boring-reaming-hole of slightly reaming-finish ream " multiple working procedure, the quality in guarantee hole.
Research both at home and abroad shows that the geometry of cutter is the key factor affecting fibre reinforced composites drilling quality, therefore, develops the drilling cutter of the carbon fibre reinforced composite of multiple different structure geometric format both at home and abroad, and these cutters have respective pluses and minuses.Sandvik Intellectual Property discloses one " fluted drill for advanced material ", number of patent application 201180020931.2, it relates to the fluted drill of the boring of such as carbon fibre reinforced composite and glass fibre reinforced composion, propose to be provided with variable helical and there is initial spiral angle and the terminal spiral angle of restriction, to be combined with main relief angle and secondary relief angle so that fluted drill is suitable for thrust and minimizes.This kind of drill bit is compared fluted drill and can be reduced lamination defect to a certain extent, but veining defect quickly can occur along with the abrasion of cutter, and the service life of drill bit is shorter.Dalian University of Technology Jia Zhen unit et al. discloses " a kind of efficient target drill for carbon fibre composite drilling ", number of patent application 201510408743.7, it relates to the Double Tops corner structure drill bit with the micro-sword of dentation of the drilling of carbon fibre composite, by the Double Tops corner structure of main cutting edge, micro-toothing of main cutting edge and front cutting edge connecting portion, achieve the function of brill-expansion-hinge integration processing, it is thus achieved that the hole of high dimensional accuracy.But, owing to micro-toothing is in the cutting edge position of final cutting forming, easily cause in outlet and entrance and small tear damage, and reduce the fineness of inwall, simultaneously because cutter tips physical dimension is consistent with cutter footpath, very easily vibrating in drilling process, cause that projection occurs porch outer layer fiber, hole wall produces seriously to scrape damage etc..
Summary of the invention
The technical barrier that the invention solves the problems that is to overcome carbon fibre composite easy outlet in drilling to be easily generated layering, burr, tear equivalent damage, the problem of hole wall quality difference, invent the dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of a kind of fibre reinforced composites, be particularly suitable for the drilling to high-performance carbon fibre composite and process.This cutter is the multiple-cutting-edge Double Tops angular bit head of a kind of micro-toothing with intersection rotation direction, on the basis of the Double Tops corner structure of main cutting edge formation, on the different cutting edges of the second main cutting edge, design has micro-toothing of intersection rotation direction, second main cutting edge and front cutting edge crossover position are designed as arc transition, the tail end of front cutting edge is designed as variable-diameter structure, can realize disposable low damage drilling, and the service life of drill bit can be improved, reduce use cost.
The technical solution used in the present invention is the dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of a kind of fibre reinforced composites, it is characterized in that, dedicated tool has micro-toothing of intersection rotation direction and presses down the multiple-cutting-edge Double Tops angle of structure of shaking；This cutter is divided into the first main cutting district A of being formed by the first main cutting edge 1 envelope, the second main cutting edge 2 envelope is formed the second main cutting district B, envelope are the whole secondary cutting region C of left-handed Luo Jiao of hole dimension, reducing district D, clamp area E and micro-six regions of tooth cutting region G；Wherein, the first main cutting district A has 2 the first main cutting edges 1, and the apex angle α of its formation is obtuse angle；Second main cutting district B has 4 the second main cutting edges 2, and the apex angle ss of its formation is acute angle, and first, second main cutting edge constitutes multiple-cutting-edge Double Tops corner structure；The front cutting edge 3 of secondary cutting region C adopts less left-turn spiral angle；In the transition region F of the second B rear section, main cutting district, the second main cutting edge 2 back segment adopts circular curve to be connected with front cutting edge 3；Reducing district D is designed as variable-diameter structure at the tail end of secondary cutting region C, and the axial length of reducing district D is the 1/2 of secondary cutting region C axial length, and the diameter of reducing district D is D2；The diameter of front cutting edge 3 is D1, its end 4 is less than reducing district D；
On 4 second main cutting edges 2 of the second main cutting district B, distribution has micro-tooth cutting region G, and micro-tooth cutting region G is made up of several micro-teeth 5；Micro-tooth 5 contour structure on same the second main cutting edge 2 is identical；Micro-tooth 5 has 3-5 along every second main cutting edge 2 distribution, and on every second main cutting edge 2, distributed quantity is identical, and axial location is identical；Micro-tooth axial line 7 of the micro-tooth 5 on the second adjacent main cutting edge 2 is different from the rotation direction angle that cutter axial line 6 is, identical at the rotation direction angle of micro-tooth 5 of two relative the second main cutting edges 2；Wherein, the rotation direction angle of the micro-tooth 5 on a pair second main cutting edges 2 is dextrorotation to angle γRBeing obtuse angle, the rotation direction angle of the micro-tooth 5 on the second main cutting edge 2 is left-handed to angle γ by anotherLIt it is acute angle；Collectively form and adjacent cutting sword intersects micro-toothing of rotation direction；The projected outline of micro-tooth 5 is oval or circular；Micro-tooth dextrorotation is to angle γRUpper right inclination angle δ for upper tooth limit and second main cutting edge (2) at obtuse angleRInclination angle, bottom right ε with lower tooth limit Yu the second main cutting edge (2)RFor obtuse angle；Micro-tooth is left-handed to angle γLInclination angle, upper left δ for upper tooth limit and second main cutting edge (2) of acute angleLInclination angle, lower-left ε with lower tooth limit Yu the second main cutting edge (2)LFor acute angle；In micro-tooth 5, micro-tooth of distance apex point farthest is arranged in the second main cutting district below B transition region F, and in micro-tooth 5 that same the second main cutting edge 2 is distributed, the distance between each micro-tooth is not less than 1.5mm, and the facewidth is 0.8-1.5 times of space width.
The invention have the advantages that the dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of a kind of fibre reinforced composites, adopt Double Tops corner structure, it is achieved bore, expand, cut with scissors integration processing, reduce drilling axial force, reduce on the basis of lamination defect.By adjacent cutting sword intersects micro-toothing of rotation direction, it is achieved that the burr produced in drilling process can resilience toothing in a subtle way being cut off by micro-tooth, can effectively remove entry and exit burr, reduce and tear damage when forming whole hole；Second main cutting edge and front cutting edge crossover position are designed as arc transition, can effectively reduce the vibration of front cutting edge incision, and by the tail end variable-diameter structure of front cutting edge, effectively control drilling to the vibration of tail end, improve the quality of entrance hole wall；Finally realize the disposable low damage drilling of fibre reinforced composites.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of the dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of a kind of fibre reinforced composites, Fig. 2 (a) is the partial enlarged view of the micro-tooth of dextrorotation, Fig. 2 (b) for Fig. 2 (a) along micro-tooth axial line direction oblique view, Fig. 3 (a) is the partial enlarged view of left-handed micro-tooth, Fig. 3 (b) is for Fig. 3 (a) along micro-tooth axial line direction oblique view, and the schematic diagram of entrance burr is cut off on the upper tooth limit that Fig. 4 (a) is left-handed micro-tooth；The schematic diagram of outlet burr is cut off on the lower tooth limit that Fig. 4 (b) is the micro-tooth of dextrorotation.Wherein, A-the first main cutting district, B-the second main cutting district, C-pair cutting region, D-reducing district, E-clamp area, F-transition region, the micro-tooth cutting region of G-, 1-the first main cutting edge, 2-the second main cutting edge, 3-front cutting edge, 4-front cutting edge end, the micro-tooth of 5-, 6-cutter axial line, the micro-tooth axial line of 7-, 8-burr, 9-workpiece entrance side, 10-workpiece outlet side, α the-the first drift angle, β the-the second drift angle, γR-micro-tooth dextrorotation to angle, γL-micro-tooth is left-handed to angle, δR-upper right inclination angle, δLInclination angle ,-upper left, εRInclination angle ,-bottom right, εLInclination angle ,-lower-left, D1The diameter of axle of-secondary cutting region C, D2The diameter of axle of-reducing district D.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technical scheme.A kind of efficient drilling cutter of fibre reinforced composites, its specific embodiment cutter is as shown in Figure 1, the secondary cutting region C of the left-handed Luo Jiao that this cutter is divided into the second main cutting district B that the first main cutting district A formed by the first main cutting edge 1 envelope, the second main cutting edge 2 envelope formed, envelope to be whole hole dimension, reducing district D, clamp area E and micro-six regions of tooth cutting region G.Wherein, the first main cutting district A has 2 the first main cutting edges 1, and the apex angle α of its formation is obtuse angle, the rigidity making the first main cutting edge 1 is high, can playing the certralizing ability after piercing preferably, it is ensured that proceeding smoothly of the follow-up drilling process of drilling, this embodiment adopts α=118 °；Second main cutting district B has 4 the second main cutting edges 2, and the apex angle ss of its formation is acute angle so that the second main cutting edge 2 is sharp, and axial thrust load is little, not easily causes delamination damage.Front cutting edge 3 adopts less left-turn spiral angle to advantageously reduce axial force, it is achieved big anterior angle fraising processing,
As it is shown in figure 1, distribution has micro-tooth cutting region G on 4 second main cutting edges 2 of the second main cutting district A；Micro-tooth cutting region G is made up of several micro-teeth 5.As shown in Fig. 2 a), Fig. 3 a), micro-tooth 5 contour structure on same the second main cutting edge 2 is identical；Micro-tooth 5 is along every second main cutting edge 2 directional spreding 3, and distributed quantity is identical identical with axial location on every second main cutting edge 2.Micro-tooth axial line 7 of the micro-tooth 5 on the second adjacent main cutting edge 2 is different from the rotation direction angle that cutter axial line 6 is, and the rotation direction angle of the micro-tooth 5 in two symmetrical the second main cutting edge 2 cutting region G is identical；Micro-tooth dextrorotation of the micro-tooth 5 on one pair of which the second main cutting edge 2 is to angle γR120 ° in obtuse angle, for dextrorotation to, another is left-handed to angle γ to micro-tooth of the micro-tooth 5 on the second main cutting edge 2LIn acute angle 70 °, for left-handed to；The projected outline of micro-tooth 5 is ellipse；Its micro-tooth dextrorotation is to angle γRInclination angle δ for upper tooth limit and second main cutting edge 2 at obtuse angleRIt is 120 °, the inclination angle ε of lower tooth limit and the second main cutting edge 2RIt it is 130 °；Micro-tooth is left-handed to angle γLInclination angle δ for upper tooth limit and second main cutting edge 2 of acute angleLIt is 75 °, the inclination angle ε of lower tooth limit and the second main cutting edge 2LFor acute angle 85 °, see Fig. 2 b) and Fig. 3 b).
In drilling process, when micro-tooth at the second main cutting edge place cuts material, the burr 8 of outlet and entrance can recoil in micro-tooth 5, owing to drilling processes medium speed far above feed speed, such as Fig. 4 a), 4b) shown in；During entrance, the left-handed upper tooth limit opposite piece entrance side 9 to micro-tooth 5 moves, and forms scissor construction, cuts off burr 8；During outlet；Dextrorotation is moved to the lower tooth limit opposite piece outlet side 10 of micro-tooth 5, forms scissor construction, cuts off burr 8.Arranging along cutting edge according to same way of micro-tooth 5 of different rotation directions, it is ensured that at effective shear removal stage by stage of outlet and entrance burr in working angles；On same the second main cutting edge 2, the distance between micro-tooth 5 of distribution is 1.5mm, and the facewidth is 1.5 times of space width.In piercing process, it is possible to ensure the rigidity of micro-tooth preferably, it is to avoid micro-tooth destroys.
As it is shown in figure 1, the transition region F of the second main cutting district B and secondary cutting region C is one section of circular arc, the Circular Nose Cutting Edge of formation can effectively reduce front cutting edge 3 and cut initial stage serious vibration, causes scuffing to the hole wall of porch, hole.Meanwhile, the axial length of secondary cutting region C is 20mm, diameter D1=8mm, the axial length 10mm of reducing district D, diameter diminishes as D2=7.2mm, so can ensure when the hole that tool sharpening is thicker, will not because of longer front cutting edge 3 and hole wall friction, and even vibration reduces hole entrance hole wall quality etc..
The efficient drilling cutter of a kind of fibre reinforced composites of the present invention carries out special construction design for the drilling processing of fibre reinforced composites, this cutter not only can effectively reduce gateway layering, more can progressively remove entry and exit burr, and avoid tearing of entry and exit；Vibration cutting can be reduced simultaneously, improve hole wall quality, disposable shape high-quality whole hole.
Claims (1)
1. a dedicated tool for the efficient drilling of fibre reinforced composites, is characterized in that, dedicated tool has micro-toothing of intersection rotation direction and presses down the multiple-cutting-edge Double Tops angle of structure of shaking；This cutter is divided into the first main cutting district (A) of being formed by the first main cutting edge (1) envelope, the second main cutting edge (2) envelope is formed the second main cutting district (B), envelope are the whole secondary cutting region (C) of left-handed Luo Jiao of hole dimension, reducing district (D), clamp area (E) and region, six, micro-tooth cutting region (G)；Wherein, there are 2 the first main cutting edges (1) in the first main cutting district (A), and the drift angle (α) of its formation is obtuse angle；There are 4 the second main cutting edges (2) in second main cutting district (B), and the drift angle (β) of its formation is acute angle, and first, second main cutting edge constitutes multiple-cutting-edge Double Tops corner structure；The front cutting edge (3) of secondary cutting region (C) adopts less left-turn spiral angle；The second main cutting edge (2) back segment in the transition region (F) of the second main cutting district (B) rear section adopts circular curve to be connected with front cutting edge (3)；Reducing district (D) is designed as variable-diameter structure at the tail end of secondary cutting region (C), and the axial length of reducing district (D) is the 1/2 of secondary cutting region (C) axial length, and the diameter of reducing district (D) is (D2)；The diameter of front cutting edge (3) is (D1), its end (4) is less than reducing district (D)；
The upper distribution of 4 second main cutting edges (2) in the second main cutting district (B) has micro-tooth cutting region (G), and micro-tooth cutting region (G) is made up of several micro-teeth (5)；Micro-tooth (5) is identical at the upper contour structure of same the second main cutting edge (2)；Micro-tooth (5) has 3-5 along the upper distribution of every second main cutting edge (2), identical at the upper distributed quantity of every second main cutting edge (2), and axial location is identical；Micro-tooth axial line (7) of the micro-tooth (5) on adjacent the second main cutting edge (2) is different from the rotation direction angle that cutter axial line (6) is, identical at the rotation direction angle of micro-tooth (5) of two relative the second main cutting edges (2)；Wherein, the rotation direction angle of the micro-tooth (5) on a pair second main cutting edges (2) is dextrorotation to angle (γR) it is obtuse angle, the rotation direction angle of the micro-tooth (5) on the second main cutting edge (2) is left-handed to angle (γ by anotherL) it is acute angle；Collectively form and adjacent cutting sword intersects micro-toothing of rotation direction；The projected outline of micro-tooth (5) is oval or circular；Micro-tooth dextrorotation is to angle (γR) the upper right inclination angle (δ of upper tooth limit and the second main cutting edge (2)R) and inclination angle, the bottom right (ε of lower tooth limit and the second main cutting edge (2)R) for obtuse angle；Micro-tooth is left-handed to angle γLInclination angle, upper left (δ for upper tooth limit and second main cutting edge (2) of acute angleL) and inclination angle, the lower-left (ε of lower tooth limit and the second main cutting edge (2)L) for acute angle；In micro-tooth (5), micro-tooth of distance apex point farthest is arranged in the second main cutting district (B) transition region (F) below, in micro-tooth (5) of the upper distribution of same the second main cutting edge (2), the distance between each micro-tooth is not less than 1.5mm, and the facewidth is 0.8-1.5 times of space width.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510508097.1A CN105034076B (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2015-08-18 | A kind of dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of fibre reinforced composites |
| US15/750,677 US10857601B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2016-08-18 | Sawtooth structure with reversed cutting function and its drill series |
| PCT/CN2016/095919 WO2017028801A1 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2016-08-18 | Micro-tooth structure having reverse cutting function and series drilling tools |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510508097.1A CN105034076B (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2015-08-18 | A kind of dedicated tool of the efficient drilling of fibre reinforced composites |
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| CN105034076A CN105034076A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105034076B true CN105034076B (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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| CN106077768B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-07-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of mostly micro- cutting drill head of the multi-ladder of carbon fibre reinforced composite drilling |
| US10857601B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2020-12-08 | Dalian University Of Technology | Sawtooth structure with reversed cutting function and its drill series |
| CN105499665B (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-06-23 | 大连理工大学 | For the multi-ladder multiple-cutting-edge tool of laminated construction part entirety drilling |
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| CN106270700A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-01-04 | 大连理工大学 | Multiple-cutting-edge micro-tooth milling cutter for carbon fibre composite high speed milling |
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| CN107378009B (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-04-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of micro- serrated knife tool of multi-ladder multiple-cutting-edge gradual change for carbon fibre composite drilling |
| US10751810B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2020-08-25 | Dalian University Of Technology | Vertical-edge double-step sawtooth cutter for preparing high-quality holes of composite material and hybrid stack structure thereof |
| CN108608040B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2020-04-07 | 大连理工大学 | Vertical-edge double-step micro-tooth cutter for high-quality hole making of composite material and laminated structure of composite material |
| CN112894996B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-10-14 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Progressive cutting drill bit and CFRP hole making method based on progressive cutting drill bit |
| CN113844064B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-09-05 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | CFRP low-damage sliding cutting method and drilling bit |
| CN115213465B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-08-04 | 大连理工大学 | Hole making cutter suitable for aramid fiber composite material and design method |
| CN117124371B (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-03-15 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic disc cutter and processing method thereof |
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