CN105021779A - Small-sized air quality monitoring device and method for detecting air quality through small-sized air quality monitoring device - Google Patents

Small-sized air quality monitoring device and method for detecting air quality through small-sized air quality monitoring device Download PDF

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CN105021779A
CN105021779A CN201510492991.4A CN201510492991A CN105021779A CN 105021779 A CN105021779 A CN 105021779A CN 201510492991 A CN201510492991 A CN 201510492991A CN 105021779 A CN105021779 A CN 105021779A
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monitoring means
gas
concentration
casing
sample
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孙扬
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Abstract

The invention discloses a small-sized air quality monitoring device and a method for detecting air quality through the small-sized air quality monitoring device. The small-sized air quality monitoring device comprises a sampling tube, a box body, a gas suction flow control unit, a first monitoring unit, a second monitoring unit, a third monitoring unit and a wireless data transmission unit. The sampling tube and the wireless data transmission unit are located on the upper side of the box body. The first monitoring unit, the second monitoring unit and the third monitoring unit are arranged inside the box body. The gas suction flow control unit is arranged on the right side face of the box body. By means of the small-sized air quality monitoring device, the concentration of PM10, PM2.5, CO2, CO, SO2, NO, NO2, NH3, O3 and VOC in the ambient atmosphere can be monitored; moreover, cost is low, the size is small, power consumption is low, and the device is suitable for densely-arranged grid monitoring.

Description

A kind of method of atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization and the atmosphere quality monitoring device detection air quality with miniaturization
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization and detect the method for air quality with the atmosphere quality monitoring device of type.
Background technology
The air quality monitoring substation generally used at present can automatic or manual monitoring simultaneously PM2.5, PM10, SO 2, NO 2, O 3, CO six pollutants, wherein PM2.5 and PM10 adopts trace quartz concussion sedimentation balance method or beta ray method, SO 2adopt pulsed fluorescence method, NO 2adopt chemoluminescence method, O 3adopt ultraviolet absorption method, CO adopts non-dispersive infrared method, but automatic air monitoring sub-station volume is very large, takes up an area more than 10 square metres, price is very high, about 2000000 Renminbi, as too high in carried out dense network monitoring cost, and addressing is difficult, be difficult to carry out, and pure manual monitoring is because program is complicated, workload is too large, more cannot monitor by multiple spot.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly solves the problems such as existing atmosphere quality monitoring device cost is high and heavy.The present invention is the atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization, comprise sampling pipe, casing, gas suction flow control module, monitoring means one, monitoring means two, monitoring means three and wireless data transmission unit, described sampling pipe and wireless data transmission unit are positioned at the upside of casing, the inside of described casing is provided with monitoring means one, monitoring means two and monitoring means three, and described monitoring means one is PM10, PM2.5, CO 2monitoring means, monitoring means two is SO 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3monitoring means, monitoring means three is VOC monitoring means, and the right flank of described casing is provided with gas suction flow control module, the gas outside casing and particle can be aspirated inlet body under the flow velocity of setting, discharge casing afterwards after testing.
The outside of described casing is provided with sampling pipe, and sampling pipe can carry out particle size cutting function by fluid mechanical design, and the particle and the gas that make only to be less than or equal to 10 microns pass through, and other bulky grains and foreign material cannot pass through.
Described monitoring means one is light scattering method measurement particle concentration.
Be provided with in described monitoring means two and smeared Na respectively 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 4
4 kinds of diaphragms, can carry out respectively reaction sampling post analysis obtain corresponding pollutant levels.
Described monitoring means three arranges induction and has smeared Na 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 4the sensor of 4 kinds of diaphragms.
Principle of work: first will illustrate, environmental gas is less than 10 microns of cutting heads, with certain flow rate access to plant by aerodynamic diameter.Device is an airtight casing.3 monitoring modulars be wherein equipped with are independent mutually, and monitoring modular does not have sample gas to lose.
(1) monitoring means one: PM10, PM2.5, CO 2monitoring means
The analysis of PM10 and PM2.5: principle is laser scattering method.It adopts the focused light beam sample gas of the LASER Light Source sent by laser diode, and the particle in sample gas makes part light produce scattering, and wherein a part of scattered light is mapped to photometer, calculates its luminous flux.Linear relation between particle concentration and luminous flux, therefore can the concentration of quantitative particle by luminous flux.The sample gas of flowing enters the mensuration chamber of light scattering detector in casing module 1, is directly read the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 by sensor, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-1000 microgram every cubic metre.
CO 2analysis: principle is non-dispersive infrared method.Infrared emitting source is installed, CO in detecting unit 2when gaseous molecular is subject to illuminated with infrared radiation, owing to absorbing the infrared light of characteristic wavelength, cause molecular entergy level transition, produce infrared absorption spectrum.Within the scope of finite concentration, absorbance and gas concentration meet langbobier law, therefore can measure CO concentration according to absorbance sensors.Flowing sample gas enter in the mensuration chamber of non-dispersive infrared detector in casing module 1, directly read the concentration of CO2 by sensor, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-2000ppm.
(2) monitoring means two: SO 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3monitoring means
SO2, NO 2, O3, NH 3analysis: monitoring means is the sampling thief of an one end open.Be provided with four kinds of reaction films in sampling thief, sample gas flows through under constant flow rate, has the absorbing film of correspondence analysis gas in sampling thief.SO 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3respectively with SO 4 2-, NO 2-, NO 3-and NH 4+ionic species be kept on absorbing film.Absorbing film takes out in setting-up time, after sending use for laboratory solution extraction absorbing film back to, detects ion concentration specific in solution with chromatography of ions under air-proof condition.When known sample airshed and ion concentration, can the mean concentration of corresponding gas in the calculating sampling time period.Its computing formula is
c = W Kt
In formula, c is dusty gas concentration; The content of the pollutant that W collects for absorbing film; K is sampling rate constant; T is the sampling time.
(3) monitoring means three: VOC monitoring means
The analysis of VOC: adopt photoionization detector (PID, Photo Ionization Detectors).During the uviol lamp light path of sample air-flow device after testing, organism is broken into negative ions by ultraviolet light, the Ionized gas electric charge of detectors measure, and changes into current signal, obtains VOC concentration value with this.
(4) wireless data transmission unit
The concentration signal of module 1 and module 3, transmitted by the transparent DTU Data acquisition and transmit module being integrated with Transmission Control Protocol, on the server of assigned ip address, this server has installed the database of phase factor, data is stored by established form and shows.
The atmosphere quality monitoring device of the miniaturization described in use detects a method for air quality, and detecting step is as follows:
(1) atmospheric sample is by negative pressure in the case of the gas suction flow control module generation in casing, and suck casing by sampling pipe, sampling pipe can only be less than or equal to the particle of 10 microns by gas and particle diameter, gas and aerosol sample enter after casing first through monitoring means one, this detecting unit includes a laser diode, an infrared emittance, the wherein focused light beam sample gas of LASER Light Source that sends of laser diode, particle in sample gas makes part light produce scattering, wherein a part of scattered light is mapped to photometer, calculate its luminous flux, linear relation between particle concentration and luminous flux, therefore can the concentration of quantitative particle by luminous flux, the sample gas of flowing enters the mensuration chamber of light scattering detector in casing 2, the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 is directly read by sensor, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-1000 microgram every cubic metre, detect and be limited to 1 microgram every cubic metre, and with the CO in up-to-date style gas 2when gaseous molecular is subject to the infrared radiation of infrared origin transmitting, owing to absorbing the infrared light of characteristic wavelength, cause molecular entergy level transition, produce infrared absorption spectrum, within the scope of finite concentration, absorbance and gas concentration meet langbobier law, therefore can measure CO concentration according to absorbance sensors, the sample gas of flowing enters in the mensuration chamber of non-dispersive infrared detector in casing module, directly reads CO by sensor 2concentration, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-2000ppm, detect be limited to 1ppm,
(2) sample gas flow to monitoring means two surface after monitoring means one, is provided with and has smeared Na in monitoring means two 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 44 kinds of diaphragms, the SO in sample gas 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3after each reaction film, the SO in sample gas 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3respectively with reaction film generation chemical reaction, be reacted into SO respectively 4 2-, NO 2 -, NO 3 -and NH 4 +ionic species be kept on absorbing film, after reaction film regularly sends use for laboratory solution extraction absorbing film back to, with chromatography of ions, ion concentration specific in solution is detected, when known sample airshed and ion concentration, can calculate the mean concentration of corresponding gas in sampling time section, its computing formula is
c = W Kt
In formula, c is dusty gas concentration; The content of the pollutant that W collects for absorbing film; K is sampling rate constant; T is the sampling time.Detection time the highest 12 hours of frequency once, detect and be limited to 1ppb;
(3) sample gas flow to monitoring means three surface after monitoring means two, in monitoring means three, photoionization detector is installed, ultraviolet source emitting ultraviolet light is had to irradiate sample gas in photoionization detector, during the uviol lamp light path of sample air-flow device after testing, organism is broken into negative ions by ultraviolet light, the Ionized gas electric charge of detectors measure, and change into current signal, organic concentration value is obtained with this, reading frequency be 1 second once, detection is limited to 1ppb, and can measure concentration range is 0-2000ppm.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention:
The kind of mensurated gas composition is more, particularly can be taken seriously at present by on-line determination, but is difficult to the VOC carrying out on-line monitoring, ensureing on the basis compared with high analyte precision, cost compared with low, volume is little, quality is light, be easy to safeguard, be applicable to promoting the use of of atmosphere environment supervision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the atmosphere quality monitoring device of institute's miniaturization;
Description of reference numerals
1 sampling pipe; 2 casings; 3 gas suction flow control modules; 4 monitoring means one; 5 monitoring means two; 6 monitoring means three; 7 wireless data transmission unit.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization, comprise sampling pipe 1, casing 2, gas suction flow control module 3, monitoring means 1, monitoring means 25, monitoring means 36 and wireless data transmission unit 7, described sampling pipe 1 and wireless data transmission unit 7 are positioned at the upside of casing, the inside of described casing is provided with monitoring means 1, monitoring means 25 and monitoring means 36, and described monitoring means 1 is PM10, PM2.5, CO 2monitoring means, monitoring means 25 is SO 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3monitoring means, monitoring means 36 is VOC monitoring means, and the right flank of described casing 2 is provided with gas suction flow control module 3, the gas outside casing 2 and particle can be aspirated inlet body 2 under the flow velocity of setting, discharge casing 2 afterwards after testing.
The outside of described casing 2 is provided with sampling pipe 1, and sampling pipe 1 can carry out particle size cutting function by fluid mechanical design, and make to only have the particle of defined particle size and gas to pass through, other bulky grains and foreign material cannot pass through.Sampling pipe 1 can only make particle diameter be less than or equal to the particle of 10 microns and gas passes through.
Described monitoring means 1 is light scattering method measurement particle concentration.
Be provided with in described monitoring means 25 and smeared Na respectively 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 44 kinds of diaphragms can carry out respectively reaction sampling post analysis obtain corresponding pollutant levels.
Described monitoring means three arranges induction and has smeared Na 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 4the sensor of 4 kinds of diaphragms monitor.
Principle of work:
First will illustrate, environmental gas is less than 10 microns of cutting heads, with certain flow rate access to plant by aerodynamic diameter.Device is an airtight casing.3 monitoring modulars be wherein equipped with are independent mutually, and monitoring modular does not have sample gas to lose.
(1) monitoring means one 4:PM10, PM2.5, CO 2monitoring means
The analysis of PM10 and PM2.5: the focused light beam sample gas adopting the LASER Light Source sent by laser diode, the particle in sample gas makes part light produce scattering, and wherein a part of scattered light is mapped to photometer, calculates its luminous flux.Linear relation between particle concentration and luminous flux, therefore can the concentration of quantitative particle by luminous flux.The sample gas of flowing enters the mensuration chamber of light scattering detector in casing module 1, is directly read the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 by sensor, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-1000 microgram every cubic metre.
The analysis of CO2: monitoring means is built-in infrared emitting source, CO 2when gaseous molecular is subject to illuminated with infrared radiation, owing to absorbing the infrared light of characteristic wavelength, cause molecular entergy level transition, produce infrared absorption spectrum.Within the scope of finite concentration, absorbance and gas concentration meet langbobier law, therefore can measure CO concentration according to absorbance sensors.The sample gas of flowing enters in the mensuration chamber of non-dispersive infrared detector in casing module 1, directly reads CO by sensor 2concentration, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-2000ppm.
(2) monitoring means two 5:SO 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3monitoring means
SO 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3analysis: monitoring means is the sampling thief of an one end open.Be provided with four kinds of reaction films in sampling thief, sample gas flows through under constant flow rate, has the absorbing film of correspondence analysis gas in sampling thief.。Sampling thief is removed in sample compression ring border after setting-up time, SO 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3respectively with SO 4 2-, NO 2-, NO 3-and NH 4+ionic species be kept on absorbing film.After absorbing film after sampling sends use for laboratory solution extraction absorbing film back under air-proof condition, with chromatography of ions, ion concentration specific in solution is detected.When known open-assembly time and ion concentration, the mean concentration of corresponding gas in sampling time section can be calculated.Its computing formula is
c = W Kt
In formula, c is dusty gas concentration; The content of the pollutant that W collects for absorbing film; K is sampling rate constant; T is the sampling time.
(3) monitoring means three 6:VOC monitoring means
The analysis of VOC: adopt photoionization detector (PID, Photo Ionization Detectors).During the uviol lamp light path of sample air-flow device after testing, organism is broken into negative ions by ultraviolet light, the Ionized gas electric charge of detectors measure, and changes into current signal, obtains VOC concentration value with this.
(4) wireless data transmission unit
The concentration signal of module 1 and module 3, transmitted by the transparent DTU Data acquisition and transmit module being integrated with Transmission Control Protocol, on the server of assigned ip address, this server has installed the database of phase factor, data is stored by established form and shows.
The present invention is a kind of atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization, the kind of mensurated gas composition is more, particularly can be taken seriously at present by on-line determination, but be difficult to the VOC carrying out on-line monitoring, ensureing on the basis compared with high analyte precision, cost compared with low, volume is little, quality is light, be easy to safeguard, be applicable to promoting the use of of atmosphere environment supervision.
The atmosphere quality monitoring device of the miniaturization described in use detects a method for air quality, and detecting step is as follows:
(1) negative pressure in the case that produced by the gas suction flow control module 3 of casing 2 li of atmospheric sample, suck casing by sampling pipe 1, sampling pipe 1 can only be less than or equal to the particle of 10 microns by gas and particle diameter, gas and aerosol sample enter after casing 2 first through monitoring means 1, this detecting unit includes a laser diode, an infrared emittance, the wherein focused light beam sample gas of LASER Light Source that sends of laser diode, particle in sample gas makes part light produce scattering, wherein a part of scattered light is mapped to photometer, calculate its luminous flux, linear relation between particle concentration and luminous flux, therefore can the concentration of quantitative particle by luminous flux, the sample gas of flowing enters the mensuration chamber of light scattering detector in casing 2, the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 is directly read by sensor, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-1000 microgram every cubic metre, detect and be limited to 1 microgram every cubic metre, and with the CO in up-to-date style gas 2when gaseous molecular is subject to the infrared radiation of infrared origin transmitting, owing to absorbing the infrared light of characteristic wavelength, cause molecular entergy level transition, produce infrared absorption spectrum, within the scope of finite concentration, absorbance and gas concentration meet langbobier law, therefore can measure CO concentration according to absorbance sensors, the sample gas of flowing enters in the mensuration chamber of non-dispersive infrared detector in casing module 1, directly reads CO by sensor 2concentration, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-2000ppm, detect be limited to 1ppm,
(2) sample gas flow to monitoring means 25 surface after monitoring means 1, is provided with and has smeared Na in monitoring means 25 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 44 kinds of diaphragms, the SO in sample gas 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3after each reaction film, the SO in sample gas 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3respectively with reaction film generation chemical reaction, be reacted into SO respectively 4 2-, NO 2 -, NO 3 -and NH 4 +ionic species be kept on absorbing film, after reaction film regularly sends use for laboratory solution extraction absorbing film back to, with chromatography of ions, ion concentration specific in solution is detected.When known sample airshed and ion concentration, can calculate the mean concentration of corresponding gas in sampling time section, its computing formula is
c = W Kt
In formula, c is dusty gas concentration; The content of the pollutant that W collects for absorbing film; K is sampling rate constant; T is the sampling time.Detection time the highest 12 hours of frequency once, detect and be limited to 1ppb;
(3) sample gas flow to monitoring means 36 surface after monitoring means 25, in monitoring means 36, photoionization detector is installed, ultraviolet source emitting ultraviolet light is had to irradiate sample gas in photoionization detector, during the uviol lamp light path of sample air-flow device after testing, organism is broken into negative ions by ultraviolet light, the Ionized gas electric charge of detectors measure, and change into current signal, organic concentration value is obtained with this, reading frequency be 1 second once, detection is limited to 1ppb, and can measure concentration range is 0-2000ppm.
The above, be only present pre-ferred embodiments, therefore can not limit scope of the invention process according to this, the equivalence change namely done according to the scope of the claims of the present invention and description with modify, all should still belong in scope that the present invention contains.

Claims (5)

1. the atmosphere quality monitoring device of a miniaturization, it is characterized in that: comprise sampling pipe, casing, gas suction flow control module, monitoring means one, monitoring means two, monitoring means three and wireless data transmission unit, described sampling pipe and wireless data transmission unit are positioned at the upside of casing, the inside of described casing is provided with monitoring means one, monitoring means two and monitoring means three, and the right flank of described casing is provided with gas suction flow control module.
2. the atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the outside of described casing is provided with sampling pipe, and sampling pipe can only make particle diameter be less than or equal to the particle of 10 microns and gas passes through.
3. the atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with in described monitoring means two and smeared Na respectively 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 44 kinds of diaphragms.
4. the atmosphere quality monitoring device of the miniaturization according to claim 1 and 3 any one, is characterized in that: described monitoring means three arranges induction and smeared Na 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H 3pO 4the sensor of 4 kinds of diaphragms.
5. detect a method for air quality with the atmosphere quality monitoring device of miniaturization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, detecting step is as follows:
(1) atmospheric sample is by negative pressure in the case of the gas suction flow control module generation in casing, and suck casing by sampling pipe, sampling pipe can only be less than or equal to the particle of 10 microns by gas and particle diameter, gas and aerosol sample enter after casing first through monitoring means one, this detecting unit includes a laser diode, an infrared emittance, the wherein focused light beam sample gas of LASER Light Source that sends of laser diode, particle in sample gas makes part light produce scattering, wherein a part of scattered light is mapped to photometer, calculate its luminous flux, linear relation between particle concentration and luminous flux, therefore can the concentration of quantitative particle by luminous flux, the sample gas of flowing enters the mensuration chamber of light scattering detector in casing, the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 is directly read by sensor, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-1000 microgram every cubic metre, detect and be limited to 1 microgram every cubic metre, and with the CO in up-to-date style gas 2when gaseous molecular is subject to the infrared radiation of infrared origin transmitting, owing to absorbing the infrared light of characteristic wavelength, cause molecular entergy level transition, produce infrared absorption spectrum, within the scope of finite concentration, absorbance and gas concentration meet langbobier law, therefore can measure CO concentration according to absorbance sensors, the sample gas of flowing enters in the mensuration chamber of non-dispersive infrared detector in casing module, directly reads CO by sensor 2concentration, reading frequency be 1 second once, measurable concentration range is 0-2000ppm, detect be limited to 1ppm,
(2) sample gas flow to monitoring means two surface after monitoring means one, is provided with and has smeared Na in monitoring means two 2cO 3, Na 2cO 3+, glycerine, NaNO 2, H3PO 44 kinds of diaphragms, the SO in sample gas 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3after each reaction film, the SO in sample gas 2, NO 2, O 3, NH 3respectively with reaction film generation chemical reaction, be reacted into SO respectively 4 2-, NO 2 -, NO 3 -and NH 4 +ionic species be kept on absorbing film, after reaction film regularly sends use for laboratory solution extraction absorbing film back to, with chromatography of ions, ion concentration specific in solution is detected, when known sample airshed and ion concentration, can the mean concentration of corresponding gas in the calculating sampling time period, its computing formula is
c = W Kt
In formula, c is dusty gas concentration; The content of the pollutant that W collects for absorbing film; K is sampling rate constant; T is the sampling time.Detection time the highest 12 hours of frequency once, detect and be limited to 1ppb;
(3) sample gas flow to monitoring means three surface after monitoring means two, in monitoring means three, photoionization detector is installed, ultraviolet source emitting ultraviolet light is had to irradiate sample gas in photoionization detector, during the uviol lamp light path of sample air-flow device after testing, organism is broken into negative ions by ultraviolet light, the Ionized gas electric charge of detectors measure, and change into current signal, organic concentration value is obtained with this, reading frequency be 1 second once, detection is limited to 1ppb, and can measure concentration range is 0-2000ppm.
CN201510492991.4A 2015-08-13 2015-08-13 Small-sized air quality monitoring device and method for detecting air quality through small-sized air quality monitoring device Pending CN105021779A (en)

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