CN105019065B - Short route is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a short-flow non-drawing velvet spinning device, which includes a feeding part, a carding and removing part, a conveying and gathering part, and a twisting and winding forming part; the feeding part includes an upper cotton feeding board, a lower cotton feeding board, cotton feeding roller and the adjustment mechanism for adjusting the distance between the upper cotton feeding board and the lower feeding board; , the material outlet and the miscellaneous discharge port; the conveying and gathering part includes the fiber feeding pipe, the velvet notch set at the end of the fiber feeding pipe, the negative pressure pipe with the suction groove, the front roller on the side of the negative pressure pipe, the sleeve The grid ring on the negative pressure tube and the front roller and the front roller in contact with the front roller. The device of the present invention has short spinning process, high efficiency, and fewer process control points, which saves production costs for spinning enterprises, optimizes the use of ultra-short and fine fibers such as kapok, noil, noil, and recycled cotton, and the polymer formed by the device Cashmere spinning takes into account the advantages of compact spinning and ring spinning.

Description

Short-flow non-draft poly-velvet spinning device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of textiles, in particular to a short-flow non-draft velvet spinning device.

Background technique

According to preliminary statistics, the world's cotton ring-spinning yarn accounts for more than 62% of the total yarn, while the proportion of ultra-short and soft fiber as spinning raw material is only about 1%. The proportion of kapok, cashmere and other ultra-short and soft fibers used as spinning raw materials is even less. Even if ultra-short and soft fibers are used as spinning raw materials, they generally rely on carded wool spinning or rotor spinning production systems. These ultra-short and soft fiber composite yarns, but the yarn counts produced by these two spinning methods are thicker, harder to feel, and unevenly mixed, and the products are only limited to middle and low-grade woven fabrics.

In today's increasingly tense market resources, all kinds of ultra-short and soft fibers, especially functional ultra-short and soft fibers, cannot be fully utilized by the market at present. The highest content of fine and soft fibers is only slightly increased. Most of the ultra-short and soft fibers must become noils in the opening and cleaning, carding and combing processes, otherwise they will enter the subsequent processes such as drawing, roving, and spinning In the process, drafting cannot be achieved smoothly, and the technical difficulties of ultra-short and soft fiber yarn processing lie in the short fiber length, poor fiber length unevenness, and low fiber strength. Similar to kapok and other functional green and environmentally friendly fibers, because of their short length, low strength, and poor cohesion, it is difficult to spin alone with traditional ring spinning. Carry out long-process poly-velvet spinning technology transformation on process equipment, such as pretreatment of ultra-fine soft fibers to improve the spinnability of such fibers; use short processes for opening and cleaning cotton, and appropriately reduce the interval between the opening and nodding parts increase the position of the cylinder on the carding equipment, and reduce the speed of the licker-in roller in the process; the draw frame adopts an autoleveling device, which increases the additional friction circle in the drafting area, reduces the roller gauge, and increases the speed of the rubber roller. High-efficiency false twister is adopted for roving, the twist coefficient of roving is appropriately increased, the draft gauge is reduced, and the pressure of the cradle is increased; Reduces yarn hairiness. However, this kind of technological transformation of poly velvet spinning has many procedures, high cost, and still difficult to control the process. Although the content of ultra-short and fine soft fibers can be increased, the yarn quality indicators such as evenness, hairiness, and strength have improved to a certain extent. However, the ideal high-quality yarn with a high blending ratio of ultra-short and soft fibers cannot be obtained.

Therefore, the development of a short-process, high-efficiency, and non-draft poly-velvet spinning device has great application value, which can bring huge opportunities to textile enterprises that are undergoing transformation and upgrading to the greatest extent, save production costs, and optimize the use of kapok, Noil, noil, recycled cotton and other ultra-short and soft fibers, and can spin poly-velvet yarns that combine the advantages of compact spinning and ring spinning.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems that the existing poly-velvet spinning technology is not mature enough, and there are long process flow, many equipment modification points, and many process control points, the present invention provides a suitable ultra-short spinning process with short spinning process, high efficiency and few process control points. Poly-pile spinning device for fine fiber spinning.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A short-flow non-drawing velvet spinning device, characterized in that it includes a feeding part, a carding and impurity removal part, a conveying and gathering part, and a twisting and winding forming part; the feeding part includes an upper feeding board, a lower Cotton feeding board, cotton feeding roller, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the distance between the upper feeding board and the lower feeding board; the carding and impurity removal part includes a cover board and an opening roller arranged in the cover board, The cover plate is provided with a material inlet, a material outlet and a miscellaneous discharge port; the conveying and gathering part includes a fiber conveying pipe, a fleece notch arranged at the end of the fiber conveying pipe, and a negative pressure pipe with a suction groove , the front roller located on one side of the negative pressure tube, the mesh ring sleeved on the negative pressure tube and the front roller, and the front roller in contact with the front roller, between the front roller and the front roller A fiber feeding channel is formed, the fleece gathering notch is located at the upper end of the suction slot, and the negative pressure tube is a negative pressure chamber communicating with the suction slot; the cotton feeding roller is located at the front end of the feeding port , the front end of the fiber delivery tube is connected to the outlet of the cover plate, and the twisting and winding forming part is located behind the fiber delivery channel.

The twisting and winding forming part includes a yarn guide hook, a spindle, a steel ring and a traveler, the steel ring is fixed on the spindle, the traveler is set on the steel ring, and the yarn guide hook is set above the ring.

The twisting and winding forming part also includes a broken end suction device, which is located below the front roller.

The conveying and gathering part also includes a tension frame, and the tension frame is located between the mesh ring and the negative pressure tube.

The cover plate includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the miscellaneous discharge port is arranged on the lower cover plate, and the material inlet and the material outlet are respectively formed at the junction of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate.

The front roller is a top roller.

The fiber delivery tube is an arched circular tube.

The short-flow non-draft poly-velvet spinning device of the present invention can adapt to the short-flow spinning of various ultra-short and soft fibers, can directly feed the slivers, and has no roving process in the previous preparation.

The short-flow non-draft poly-velvet spinning device of the present invention removes the traditional ring spinning three-roller double-zone drafting mechanism device, and does not have the influence of uneven distribution of draft friction force on fiber control, and has no impact on characteristic indicators such as raw material length. The requirements are reduced, and it is more suitable for high-quality ring spinning of short fiber raw materials.

The short-flow non-draft poly-fleece spinning device of the present invention has all the advantages of new-type compact ring spinning in yarn formation, and can reduce the hairiness of short fiber yarns, while maintaining the tight structure of traditional ring spinning The advantages.

The device of the present invention can be used for polypile spinning of various ultra-short and soft fibers. Its biggest feature is: short spinning process, high efficiency, and few process control points, which saves production costs for spinning enterprises and optimizes the use of kapok, falling Wool, noil, recycled cotton and other ultra-short, fine and soft fibers, the poly-pile spinning formed by this device takes into account the advantages of compact spinning and ring spinning.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the coagulation groove (fiber delivery outlets of the upper and lower cover plates outside the opening roller).

Among them: 1. Upper feeding board, 2. Lower feeding board, 3. Cotton feeding roller, 4. Carding roller, 5. Upper cover board, 6. Lower cover board, 7. Miscellaneous discharge port, 8. Fiber conveying Tube, 9, fleece notch, 10, air suction groove, 11 negative pressure chamber, 12, negative pressure tube, 13, mesh ring, 14, tension frame, 15, front top roller, 16, front roller, 17, Broken cotton suction device, 18, guide hook, 19, spindle, 20, steel ring, 21 steel traveler, 22, inclined plane, 23, circular exit.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the poly-pile spinning device of the present invention includes four parts: from the back of the machine to the front of the machine, there are respectively a feeding part, a carding and removing part, a conveying and gathering part and its twisting and winding molding part.

The core of the whole device is the conveying and gathering part, and the feeding part is composed of the upper feeding board 1, the lower feeding board 2 and the feeding roller 3, etc. The feeding part plays the role of conveying the sliver with a high content of superfine soft staple fiber to the carding roller, and the upper and lower feeding boards are effectively gripped to evenly convey the sliver to the feeding roller 3, and through the feeding roller The rotation of 3 and the holding of the lower feeding roller transfer the fiber raw materials to the carding roller, the gripping distance of the upper and lower feeding boards can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism, and the feeding roller can control the feeding amount of ultra-fine and soft staple fibers.

The carding and impurity removal part is composed of carding roller 4, upper cover plate 5, lower cover plate 6, and impurity discharge port 7. The carding and impurity removal part is responsible for carding fibers and removing impurities. Under the holding action of the feeding board, the rotary carding roller covered with card clothing is used for carding. On the one hand, the ultra-fine and soft fibers are opened into single fibers, the impurities and fibers are separated, and the elongation of single fibers is improved. On the other hand, relying on the centrifugal force generated by the impurities during high-speed operation, the impurities are smoothly discharged from the waste discharge port. After the fiber bundle leaves the waste discharge port, the fibers are continued to be carded to form fibers with high separation and high parallelism. At the outlet of the upper and lower cover plates, the fiber output path of the upper and lower cover plates is designed as an inclined plane (the angle range is 10-15 degrees), the surfaces of the upper and lower cover plates and the inclined plane are highly smooth, and the length of the inclined plane is 12-16mm. The diameter is 12-17mm. On the one hand, the fiber after carding will generate high centrifugal force along with the carding roller. At this time, the surface speed of the inner wall of the upper and lower cover plates outside the carding roller is relatively high, and the fibers will be arranged in parallel along the circumference of the inner wall. Under the action of centrifugal force, it slides into the condensation groove at the maximum diameter of the inner wall of the upper and lower cover plates. At this time, it enters the fiber delivery pipe smoothly by means of the suction force generated by the negative pressure inside the fiber carding tube.

The conveying and accumulating part consists of a fiber conveying pipe 8, a fleece gathering notch 9, a front roller 16, a front top roller 15, a grid ring 13, a tension frame 14, a negative pressure pipe 12 (including the suction groove 15) and a negative pressure chamber 11, etc. composition. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber feeding tube 8 is designed to be circular, with a diameter ranging from 10 to 15 mm. The fiber feeding tube is closely connected with the upper and lower cover plates outside the carding roller, so as not to prevent the ultra-fine and soft short fibers from being damaged during the fiber feeding process. The fibers are gathered in the velvet notch, and the fiber delivery pipe is designed in an arch shape. In order to make the ultra-short and soft fibers condense into the suction groove, there will be a higher degree of fiber straightening and parallelism, and the shape of the velvet notch is designed as a horn. Shaped narrow strip (rectangular), its width is slightly larger than the width of the suction slot by 1-2mm, and the interval between the poly-velvet notch and the grid ring is designed to be 0.8-1.2mm, when the ultra-short and soft fiber is separated from the poly-velvet After the notch, it is adsorbed on the grid circle of the suction pipe jacket. For ultra-short and soft fibers, the fiber curl is less and the cohesion is poor. The number of wires and grid circles should be designed to be more than 3300 mesh/cm. The grid circles are set on the outside of the suction pipe, front roller and tension frame, and are close to the front roller and suction pipe. The mesh circle Driven by the front roller to rotate, the ultra-short and soft fiber strands move on the mesh circle. A tension frame is installed under the suction pipe to adjust the tension of the mesh circle. Due to the contraction of the airflow in the negative pressure pipe And polymerization, through the suction groove on the suction pipe to make the strands gather, the opening direction of the suction groove and the forward direction of the fiber strands have a certain oblique offset angle, so that the air flow sucked into the suction groove and the fiber The advancing directions of the strands intersect with each other, so that when the airflow flows to the accumulation area, the fibers in the strands rotate and intertwine to the center of the suction groove, and are intertwined with each other, so that when the finer yarn is spun, the lateral airflow has a greater impact on the fiber strands. The agglomeration effect is enhanced, so that the superfine and soft short fibers formed by the accumulation are as parallel as possible and close together, and finally form a cylinder. Large), and better compact spinning effect can be obtained. The negative pressure of the straw can neither be too large nor too small. The negative pressure range of the straw is best controlled between 2500-4000Pa.

The twisting and winding forming part is composed of a broken end cotton suction device 17, a yarn guide hook 18, a spindle 19, a steel collar 20, a steel traveler 21, and the like. When the ultra-fine and soft short fiber cylindrical aggregate walks out of the holding area of the front roller and the front rubber roller, the spinning and twisting triangular area between the front roller and the twisting point is basically eliminated due to the suction groove, and the traveler relies on the barrel The rotation of the tube along with the spindle makes the ultra-fine and soft short fiber yarn rotate and twist. Compared with the traditional poly velvet spinning technology, rotor spinning, air-jet vortex spinning and other technologies of the same raw material, the yarn structure is tighter and the appearance of the yarn is better. Smooth, hairiness significantly reduced.

Using organic cotton, combed noil, recycled cotton-viscose fiber as raw materials, 16.5tex organic cotton/combed noil/recycled recycled cotton-viscose fiber 50%/25%/25% poly velvet blend For spinning, the main indicators of organic cotton are: grade 429, length 29mm, micronaire value 3.42, metric count 6563, maturity coefficient 1.40, single fiber strength 3.24cN, short staple rate 15.8%, moisture regain 8.23%, impurities 6.2% ; Combed noil is the noil produced by the combing process of the ring spinning combed variety production line of Jiangsu Donghua Textile Co., Ltd. The main indicators are: the average fiber linear density is 1.67dtex, the fiber breaking strength is 28.9cn/dtex, the fiber average The length is 16.1mm, and the short-staple rate is 45.3%. Recycled recycled cotton is obtained from regenerated viscose fabric waste after cleaning. Between 16 and 17mm, the average linear density is 1.37dtex. These three kinds of raw materials go through the process of cleaning, carding and drawing. The process of cleaning and carding is mainly designed to discharge impurities, and the content of short and soft fibers is kept as much as possible to make mixed fiber raw sliver. The dry weight of raw sliver is quantitatively designed. It is 16.5g/5m.

16.5tex organic cotton/combed noil/recycled recycled cotton-viscose fiber 50%/25%/25% poly velvet blended yarn spinning process: machine cotton/combed noil/recycled recycled cotton-viscose Fiber 50%/25%/25% mixed fiber slivers are placed between the upper feeding board 1 and the lower feeding board 2, and enter the feeding roller 3 and the lower feeding board under the rotating grip of the feeding roller 3 In the working area between 2, one end of the cooked slivers is effectively held, and the other end is gradually pierced and combed by the high-speed rotating carding roller 4, in order not to cause too much damage to the raw materials used, but also to form an effective carding Function, card clothing of carding roller 4 adopts OK40 (3625*02690) card clothing produced by Jinlun Kechuang Co., Ltd. with small clothing angle, large tooth pitch, and good surface finish after polishing. Low speed should be selected, and the speed should be selected as 6100r/min. Under the high-speed rotating carding of the opening roller and the protection of the lower cover plate 6, the mixed fibers are separated into single longitudinal parallel fibers due to centrifugal force, and the impurities are in the middle of the fiber flow. The outermost layer is quickly discharged through the miscellaneous discharge port 7, and the fiber flow continues to be separated by the high-speed opening roller 4, and the single fiber after longitudinal parallel separation will meet the fiber output outlet of the upper and lower cover plates outside the carding roller-coagulation groove , walk out of the circular outlet 23 (designed to be 16mm in diameter) along the slope 22 in the coagulation tank (the slope angle is designed to be 15mm), and enter the fiber delivery pipe 8 (designed to be 14mm in diameter), and the parallel fiber bundles rely on the negative pressure in the fiber delivery pipe Along the arched pipe, enter the output end of the 8-fiber delivery pipe poly-velvet notch 9 (the design width is 1.5mm larger than the width of the suction notch, and the interval between the poly-velvet notch and the grid ring is designed to be 1mm). The negative pressure generated by the negative pressure chamber 11 in the negative pressure tube 12 under the velvet notch 9 (designed to be 3000Pa), the fibers in the velvet notch 9 gather rapidly at the suction groove 10 (D-shaped groove can be selected), and the fibers They are arranged in parallel to form a compact cylinder. By adjusting the tension frame 14, the grid ring 13 is in a suitable tension position. Under the rotation of the front roller 16, the grid ring 13 drives the yarn gradually out of the front roller 16 and the front roller. In the gripping area of the top roller 15, it is obvious that the spinning twisting triangular area is very small. After the yarn sliver bypasses the yarn guide hook 18, the traveler 21 on the ring 20 relies on the bobbin and the rotation of the spindle 19 to feed the mixed fiber yarn. The sliver is twisted, if after the yarn sliver breaks, it is quickly sucked away by the broken end suction device 17, and at this time it needs to be spliced again; the twist coefficient design of the velvet spun yarn is 360.8, and the spindle speed design is 13800r/min. The twisted poly fleece yarn is regularly wound on the copper tube to obtain 16.5tex organic cotton/combed noil/recycled cotton-viscose fiber 50%/25%/25% poly fleece blend yarn.

After testing, the main performance indicators of 16.5tex organic cotton/combed noil/recycled cotton-viscose fiber 50%/25%/25% poly-velvet blended yarn are: yarn breaking strength 240.8CN, yarn breaking strength 15.2CN/dtex, hairiness index 2.9, evenness CV value 11.5%.

In the implementation process of the present invention, the actual linear density of poly-velvet spinning is controlled by the linear speed R ₁ (m/min) of the cotton roller, the quantitative Q ₁ (g/5m) of feeding the sliver, the miscellaneous outlet The four parameters of the impurity removal percentage A and the line speed R ₂ (m/min) of the front roller, the draft ratio T of the new poly-fleece spinning yarn and the actual dry weight of the yarn

The calculation formula of Q ₂ (g/100m) is as follows: T＝R _1/ R ₂

Q ₂ ＝200Q ₁ R ₂ /R ₁

Different carding effects can be obtained by changing card clothings with different specifications (tooth shape, working angle, tooth height, tooth top area and density) on the surface of the carding roller. The speed of the carding roller is controlled by a separate servo motor. The rotation of cotton roller, front roller and spindle is controlled by total motor and gear transmission. By adjusting the negative pressure in the negative pressure tube, the accumulation effect of fiber strands at the suction slot can be controlled.

Therefore, this device can be applied to the production of any ultra-short and soft fibers, including various natural staple fibers, combed noils, and recycled recycled cotton. The newly developed poly-velvet spinning equipment has a short spinning process. , high efficiency and few process control points can reduce production costs and improve economic benefits for spinning enterprises.

Claims (8)

1. a short route is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterised in that: include that part and twisting winding moulding section are gathered in feeding part, combing remove impurity part, conveying；Described feeding part includes feed plate, lower feed plate, feed roll motor and adjusts the governor motion of described upper feed plate and the spacing of lower feed plate；Described combing remove impurity part includes cover plate and the combing roller being arranged in cover plate, is provided with charging aperture, discharging opening and impurity discharging port on described cover plate；Described conveying is gathered part and is included input quill, the poly-floss notch being arranged on described input quill end, has the negative tube of air draught groove, is positioned at the front roller of described negative tube side, is set in described negative tube and the grid ring on front roller and the preliminary roller contacted with described front roller, formed between described front roller and preliminary roller and send fine passage, described poly-floss notch is positioned at described air draught groove upper end, is the negative pressure cavity connected with described air draught groove in described negative tube；Described feed roll motor is positioned at the front end of described charging aperture, and the front end of described input quill is connected to the discharging opening of described cover plate, described twisting winding moulding section be positioned at described in send the rear of fine passage.

Short route the most according to claim 1 is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterised in that: the opening direction of described air draught groove is arranged with the direction of advance inclination and offset of fiber strip.

Short route the most according to claim 1 and 2 is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterized in that: described twisting winding moulding section includes twizzle, spindle, rings and wire loop, described rings is fixed on described spindle, arranging described wire loop on described rings, described twizzle is arranged on the top of described rings.

Short route the most according to claim 3 is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterised in that: described twisting winding moulding section also includes vacuum end collector, and this vacuum end collector is positioned at the lower section of described front roller.

Short route the most according to claim 1 and 2 is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterised in that: described conveying is gathered part and is also included tension bracket, and this tension bracket is between described grid ring and negative tube.

Short route the most according to claim 1 and 2 is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterized in that: described cover plate includes upper cover plate and lower cover plate, described impurity discharging port is arranged on lower cover plate, forms described charging aperture and discharging opening respectively in the junction of upper cover plate Yu lower cover plate.

Short route the most according to claim 1 and 2 is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterised in that: described preliminary roller is roller.

Short route the most according to claim 1 and 2 is without drawing-off poly-floss spinning apparatus, it is characterised in that: described input quill is arch pipe.