CN105018771A - Preparation method of nickel foam or nickel foam substrate alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of nickel foam or nickel foam substrate alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105018771A CN105018771A CN201410181448.8A CN201410181448A CN105018771A CN 105018771 A CN105018771 A CN 105018771A CN 201410181448 A CN201410181448 A CN 201410181448A CN 105018771 A CN105018771 A CN 105018771A
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Abstract
The invention aims at providing a preparation technology of nickel foam or a nickel foam substrate alloy which is of a three-dimensional through-hole structure. The preparation technology of the nickel foam or the nickel foam substrate alloy is characterized in that in the vacuum environment, volatile alloy elements in the nickel substrate alloy are gradually volatilized, and the nickel foam or the nickel foam substrate alloy is finally formed, wherein the raw material nickel substrate alloy contains at least one volatile alloy element, and it is required that the vapor pressure of the volatile alloy elements is higher than that of substrate elements in the nickel substrate alloy and the volatile alloy elements can form the even alloy or an even solid solution with the substrate alloy element. The technology method is simple and suitable for large-scale production, the poriness of the obtained product is adjustable, and the preparation technology of the nickel foam or the nickel foam substrate alloy can be used for the fields of separation, filtration, gas distribution, catalysis, noise absorption, shock absorption, shielding, heat exchange and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to foam metal material field, a kind of preparation method of porous Ni-base alloy is provided especially.
Background technology
The development and application of metal polyporous material in recent years receives the concern of people day by day, metal polyporous material (foamed metal) is made up of rigid backbone and inner hole, there is excellent physical property and the new engineering material of good mechanical property, develop rapidly in the later stage eighties 20th century.Superior physical properties that it possesses (as little in density, rigidity is large, specific surface area is large, energy-obsorbing and damping performance is good, sound-deadening and noise-reducing is effective, capability of electromagnetic shielding is high) makes its Application Areas expand to the fields such as aviation, electronics, medical material and biological chemistry.And also to have with the metal polyporous material of through hole that heat exchange heat-sinking capability is strong, good penetrability, thermal conductivity advantages of higher.
Nickel porous or nickel foam have been widely used in the various fields such as battery electrode material, filtration supports, chemical catalyst carrier, electromagnetic shielding material, precious metal displacement recovery at present.Adopt the matrix porous plastics of porous, conductive layer is prepared by methods such as chemical nickel plating, vacuum nickel plating, after nickel preplating in vitriol nickel plating electrolytic solution plating thick nickel, then through calcination, reduction, annealing operation, just available can excellent three-dimensional netted foam nickel material.Adopt nickel porous prepared by this kind of method, its aperture limits by the aperture of matrix porous plastics usually, and aperture is usually larger.
De-alloyage is a kind of method preparing nano-porous materials, also may be used for preparing porous nickel alloy, but this method belongs to dealloying corrosion, for the preparation of being all generally carry out on metallic substance top layer during porous metal material, is difficult to prepare massive material.The invention provides a kind of method preparing the porous nickel alloy of micron order and the following size of micron on a large scale, to meet the application of nickel porous at numerous areas such as the energy, Aeronautics and Astronautics, chemical industry, building materials, metallurgy, nuclear power, petrochemical industry, machinery, medicine and environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation technology preparing nickel foam or the foam nickel-base alloy with three-dimensional through hole structure.
The present invention specifically provides the preparation method of a kind of nickel foam or foam nickel-base alloy, it is characterized in that: in vacuum environment, volatile alloy element in nickel-base alloy is volatilized gradually, final formation nickel foam or foam nickel-base alloy, wherein has a kind of volatile alloy element in starting material nickel-base alloy at least, require the vapour pressure higher than the vapour pressure of matrix element in nickel-base alloy (at least at the same temperature high three orders of magnitude) of volatile alloy element, and uniform alloy or sosoloid can be formed with matrix elements.
Ultimate principle of the present invention utilizes a certain in nickelalloy or more than one volatile alloy elements (pore-creating element) in the relatively high vapour pressure of specific temperature range, volatilize gradually in vacuum environment, final formation nickel foam or foam nickel-base alloy.According to above principle, in starting material nickel-base alloy, the atomic percent of volatile alloy element controls between 20%-80% to form different porositys, described volatile alloy element is manganese, zinc, cadmium, bismuth, barium, calcium, europium, lithium, selenium, magnesium, strontium, antimony, tellurium, thallium, the ytterbium with higher vapor pressure, preferred manganese element is as the pore-creating element of nickel-base alloy, the preferred 30at.%-70at.% of Fe content, utilize the vapour pressure that manganese element is higher, form nickel foam or foam nickel-base alloy.
Original nickel-base alloy of the present invention can adopt the method such as melting or powder metallurgy to prepare, surface finish descaling, according to the fusing point of different nickel-base alloy and the relation between corresponding pore-creating element vapour pressure and temperature, high vacuum is continued 200 DEG C of-1200 DEG C of temperature ranges, vacuum degree control is at below 10Pa, the alloy such as manganese, zinc, cadmium, magnesium wherein with higher vapour pressure is deviate from, obtains three-dimensional foam nickel or foam nickel-base alloy.
The nickel foam adopting the method for the invention to prepare or foam nickel-base alloy, its pore size distribution is 0.1-100 micron.
Can be plated by surface ion, the surface treatment method such as spraying prepares above-described alloy layer at common alloy surface, be obtained the gradient material of porous surface by this technique.The powdered alloy that treatment process of the present invention also can be adopted granularity to be greater than more than 10 microns is prepared into porous alloy powder or spheroid.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1), vacuum heat treatment process is ripe, can carry out large-scale production, not only can prepare blocks of large, also be particularly suitable for preparing ultra-thin nickelalloy paillon foil or spheroid.
(2), adopt the three-dimensional foam nickel prepared of the inventive method or foam nickel-base alloy to have through-hole structure, porosity can regulate according to alloy ratio.
(3), the nickel foam prepared of the present invention or foam nickel-base alloy, may be used for the fields such as separation, filtration, catalysis, noise reduction, shock-absorbing, shielding, heat exchange.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The three-dimensional porous foams nickel-base alloy picture that Fig. 1 embodiment 4 obtains.
Embodiment
Following examples will be further described the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
If no special instructions, in the present embodiment, all percentage ratio all represents atomic percent.
Embodiment 1
Adopt self-control nickel-iron-manganese alloy (containing manganese 60%, iron 15%) be prepared into 10 × 10 × 1mm small pieces, be suspended in laboratory room small-sized vacuum heat treatment furnace, high vacuum 3 hours are continued 900 DEG C of insulations, vacuum tightness maintains below 10Pa, obtain three-dimensional porous Rhometal (nickel foam iron alloy), pore size distribution is 1-5 micron, and porosity is about 50%.
Embodiment 2
Adopt self-control nickel aluminium cadmium magnesium alloy (containing 30% magnesium, 20% cadmium, 10% aluminium), preparation 10 × 10 × 0.5mm small pieces, be suspended in laboratory room small-sized vacuum heat treatment furnace, high vacuum 2 hours are continued 500 DEG C of insulations, vacuum tightness maintains below 6Pa, obtain three-dimensional porous alumel (nickel foam aluminium alloy), pore size distribution is 2-8 micron, and porosity is about 40%.
Embodiment 3
Adopt self-control nickel brass (containing 40% zinc, 20% bronze medal), be prepared into 10 × 10 × 0.5mm thin slice, coated abrasive working is thick to 0.3mm, be suspended in laboratory room small-sized vacuum heat treatment furnace, 700 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, vacuum tightness maintained below 10Pa, obtains three-dimensional porous corronel (nickel foam copper alloy), pore size distribution is 2-15 micron, and porosity is about 30%.
Embodiment 4
Adopt self-control Magno (containing 70% manganese), Linear cut becomes 10 × 15 × 1mm thin slice, coated abrasive working is thick to 0.8mm, be suspended in laboratory room small-sized vacuum heat treatment furnace, 900 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, vacuum tightness maintains below 10Pa, obtains three-dimensional porous pure nickel (nickel foam, its scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph is shown in Fig. 1).
Above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to spirit of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of a nickel foam or foam nickel-base alloy, it is characterized in that: in vacuum environment, volatile alloy element in nickel-base alloy is volatilized gradually, final formation nickel foam or foam nickel-base alloy, wherein has a kind of volatile alloy element in starting material nickel-base alloy at least, require that the vapour pressure of volatile alloy element is higher than the vapour pressure of matrix element in nickel-base alloy, and uniform alloy or sosoloid can be formed with matrix elements.
2., according to the preparation method of nickel foam described in claim 1 or foam nickel-base alloy, it is characterized in that: in starting material nickel-base alloy, the atomic percent of volatile alloy element controls between 20%-80%.
3., according to the preparation method of nickel foam described in claim 1 or foam nickel-base alloy, it is characterized in that: described volatile alloy element be manganese, zinc, cadmium, bismuth, barium, calcium, europium, lithium, selenium, magnesium, strontium, antimony, tellurium, thallium, ytterbium one or more.
4., according to the preparation method of nickel foam described in claim 3 or foam nickel-base alloy, it is characterized in that: described volatile alloy element is manganese, its content is 30at.%-70at.%.
5. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described nickel foam of Claims 1 to 4 or foam nickel-base alloy, it is characterized in that: in nickel-base alloy, volatile alloy element volatilizees under the condition of 200 DEG C of-1200 DEG C of temperature ranges and lasting condition of high vacuum degree.
6. the nickel foam prepared according to method described in claim 1 or a foam nickel-base alloy, is characterized in that: the pore size distribution of described nickel foam or foam nickel-base alloy is 0.1-100 micron.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410181448.8A CN105018771A (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Preparation method of nickel foam or nickel foam substrate alloy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410181448.8A CN105018771A (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Preparation method of nickel foam or nickel foam substrate alloy |
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| CN105018771A true CN105018771A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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| CN201410181448.8A Pending CN105018771A (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Preparation method of nickel foam or nickel foam substrate alloy |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106823564A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽新态环保科技有限公司 | A kind of exhaust gas from diesel vehicle treatment preparation method of porous cordierite ceramicses filtering bodies |
| CN109338150A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-15 | 沈阳理工大学 | A kind of porous copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109355516A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-19 | 沈阳理工大学 | A kind of porous nickel alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111254310A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-09 | 山东大学 | Preparation method and application of porous nickel |
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| JPS5567336A (en) * | 1978-11-16 | 1980-05-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Preparation of catalyst |
| CN102534283A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Multi-element alloy foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102864323A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-09 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method of Ni-Al alloy porous material with controllable structure |
| CN103627920A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of porous nickel |
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2014
- 2014-04-30 CN CN201410181448.8A patent/CN105018771A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5567336A (en) * | 1978-11-16 | 1980-05-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Preparation of catalyst |
| CN102534283A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Multi-element alloy foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102864323A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-09 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method of Ni-Al alloy porous material with controllable structure |
| CN103627920A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of porous nickel |
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| F.ROSEBURY: "《电子管与真空技术手册》", 31 December 1979, 微波管技术编辑部 * |
| 庞秋: "《Ni-Cr-Fe泡沫合金固相浸渗制备及高温氧化行为研究》", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技II辑》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106823564A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽新态环保科技有限公司 | A kind of exhaust gas from diesel vehicle treatment preparation method of porous cordierite ceramicses filtering bodies |
| CN109338150A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-15 | 沈阳理工大学 | A kind of porous copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109355516A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-19 | 沈阳理工大学 | A kind of porous nickel alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109355516B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-06-30 | 沈阳理工大学 | Porous nickel alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111254310A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-09 | 山东大学 | Preparation method and application of porous nickel |
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Application publication date: 20151104 |