CN1050095A - A kind of high-freq mine seismograph - Google Patents
A kind of high-freq mine seismograph Download PDFInfo
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- CN1050095A CN1050095A CN 89106799 CN89106799A CN1050095A CN 1050095 A CN1050095 A CN 1050095A CN 89106799 CN89106799 CN 89106799 CN 89106799 A CN89106799 A CN 89106799A CN 1050095 A CN1050095 A CN 1050095A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mine seismograph that is applicable to that shallow layer reflection therapy is used.It adopts main frame and PPC512 computing machine cooperative programs to finish work such as the collection of signal, storage, demonstration, record, has realized that aftertreatment is integrated.Its sample rate reaches 40us, is 6.25 times of U.S. seismograph, and volume is 1/8 of a U.S. seismograph, and weight is 1/3 of U.S. seismograph.Have very high detectivity for tens meters to several meters shallow geological structures, and explosion-proof, have the function of a tractor serves several purposes.It is applicable to that the slot wave of surveying mine lane end construction, adopting face is surveyed, the forward probe in tunnel, the transmission between boring and at foundation ground detection etc.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of geophysical survey high-frequency seism instrument, it more is applicable in the mine shallow layer reflection therapy is surveyed and uses, the tool explosion prevention function, and its structure mainly is made up of main frame and PPC-512 computing machine.
The energy scarcity of present China, allow it serve the people in order to solve the undercarriage coal seam, existing drilling operation method can not meet the demands far away, by " the MSD-digital seismograph " of Chinese coal academy of sciences development though band has replaced the drilling operation detection method, and also be more advanced in China, have floating-point amplification, but the shortcoming that it exists is bulky, complex structure, support equipment size beyond the main frame has tens, and amounting to weight has several tons, also will be equipped with large-scale minibus when carrying out detection operations for this reason, extremely inconvenience of action and use can not be satisfied the requirement of specific condition under the coal mine far away.Introduced U.S. EG ﹠amp in succession in 86 years～89 years China; The novel high-performance reflection seismograph ES-2420 type of GGEOMETRICS company development and the SEAMZX-85 type slot wave digital seismograph of West Germany WBK company, though these instruments have adopted large-scale integrated circuit, realized microcomputerization, main frame has also adopted the transient floating point amplifying circuit, but its sampling rate has only 250 μ s the soonest, and the complex circuit of instrument, the device that adopts is various, the performance requirement height, light degree is still undesirable, and self post-processing function is poor, this instrument is because sampling rate is low, resolution characteristic is low, for hundreds of rice deep layer geophysical prospecting effect ideal, but just powerless to the shallow layer stratum of tens meters even several meters.The relative tunnel of grieshoch difficult to understand face under the existing coal mine may have only the shallow of tens meters even several meters, and the safety in colliery in its serious threat.
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome deficiency of the prior art for this reason, solve Safety of Coal Mine Production help developing coal resources and provide a kind ofly be applicable to that the volume of surveying shallow geological structure is little, in light weight, the high-freq mine seismograph that precision is high.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure, adopt main frame and the combined mode of PPC512 computing machine, can directly make the circuit and the structure of instrument obtain simplifying, volume-diminished, weight saving, can accomplish that collection, storage, record, aftertreatment are integrated, and be convenient to the detection personnel and carry.
Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following other measure: for stability and the reliability that guarantees instrument, reduce the volume and weight of instrument, be the portable condition of starting, main frame has adopted large-scale integrated circuit; Circuit mainly by preposition unit, main adopt the unit, mainly adopt interface circuit and constitute.Be provided with one-level floating-point amplifying circuit in the preposition unit, its function is to put the feeble signal amplitude that filtering comes before having improved, constrain strong signal, widened seismographic theoretical dynamic range, reduced performance requirement, for the high speed steady operation of instrument has played a prerequisite property to some device in the circuit.The master adopts the unit and is provided with main floating-point gain amplifier control circuit, and it can make the sampling rate of instrument reach 40 μ s, and the high-frequency seism signal in tens meters to several meters the shallow layer exploration is still had very high resolution.Because this instrument directly utilizes the PPC512 computing machine to finish the storage of signal, demonstration, record, processing, it has exempted the complicated playback system of a cover in the existing seismograph, make operating personnel can on LCDs, observe directly the seismic signal waveform of being gathered, store the contrast work of waveform and new signal waveform simultaneously.
The present invention has following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the profile system schematic of instrument (comprising peripheral hardware).
Fig. 2 is an instrument principle of work block scheme.
Fig. 3 is the host circuit block scheme.
Fig. 4 is a preposition unit floating-point amplifying circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is a preposition unit frame principle figure.
Fig. 6 is the main element circuit block scheme of adopting.
Fig. 7 is the main instantaneous main floating-point amplification-gain control circuit schematic diagram in unit of adopting.
Fig. 8 is the main interface frame principle figure of adopting.
Fig. 9 is the main frame scheme of installation.
Do the explanation in a step below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 instrument profile system schematic, the data that have its main frame (1) computing machine (13) transmit cable (11) and link to each other, computing machine (13) and peripheral hardware printer (15) are connected (just use during printed information ' collection in worksite need not) preceding operating personnel of work with stube cable (14) and should be connected to the cable that has wave detector (10) (9) on the socket (4) of host panel (18), having the iron hammer (16) that triggers cable, the blasting charge (17) is received on the panel jack (5), also be provided with explosion pilot lamp (6) on the host panel (18), power switch (7), hand push button (3), supply voltage indication video screen (2), external power supply and charging hole (8).Wave detector during work (10) receives by behind the seismic signal of operating personnel with iron hammer (16) hammering (it is ground to be laid in) seismic signal that chopping block produced or quick-fried medicine (17) explosion generation, delivers to main frame (1) through cable (9).Work such as mould/number conversion are gathered, amplify, reached to main frame, simulating signal has been become digital signal delivered to computing machine (13) through stube cable (11), suitable control during by computer, obtained a useful signal that resolution is high, be presented on the liquid crystal display (12) with waveform, and record is stored in the disk of computing machine (13).The signal of noting is by stube cable (14), and printer (15) can print required seismic data.Accompanying drawing 2 block schemes have promptly been represented the tenet of dynamic state of instrument when work.Accompanying drawing 3 is circuit block diagrams of high-frequency seism instrument main frame (13), and it is mainly by preposition unit (19), main unit (20), main interface circuit such as (21) formation of adopting of adopting.Preposition unit (19) and master adopt unit (20) and have formed a modular organization, this module can realize the data acquisition and the transmission of 4 passages, finish preposition amplification, moment floating-point amplification, A/D conversion and the data transmission etc. of simulating signal, in addition, break existing seismographic design general layout in preposition unit (19) line design, set up one-level floating-point amplifying circuit.Fig. 4 is floating-point amplifying circuit schematic diagram in this preposition unit.Fig. 5 is a preposition unit frame principle figure.This floating-point amplifying circuit is by one-level amplifier N108, composition such as a group of absolute value comparer N109, N110 and multi-way switch N115.Before put filtered simulating signal and be coupled into operational amplifier N108 through capacitor C 110 and amplify, amplify the back output signal and directly enter the absolute value comparer that operational amplifier N109, N110 form, when signal (absolute amplitude) during greater than threshold value 20mV, comparer output level "0", enter d type flip flop D102, the also output " 0 " of Q end of D102, this level enters analog switch N115, its Pin1-Pin14 pin is connected, then the straight-through input sample retainer N112 of A point signal (without amplifying).The master who is transported to the back after sampling keeps adopts the unit.Otherwise when simulating signal during less than 20mV, comparer input level"1", the D102Q end also be " 1 ", and the Pin2-Pin14 of control analog switch N115 leads to, through amplifying 2
7After B point signal output enter sampling holder, the floating-point amplifying circuit has improved the signal amplitude of feeble signal like this, some that have overcome that feeble signal directly enters main floating point amplifier and caused are covered disease, reduced the performance requirement of devices such as analog switch, A/D converter in the main floating-point amplifying circuit, for example noise, drift etc.; On the other hand, when strong signal passes through,, constrain its output amplitude, guarantee that analog switch does not produce saturation distortion, improved signal noise ratio of line by automatic adjusting.Widened the theoretical dynamic range of instrument like this, for the high speed steady operation has played a prerequisite property.Fig. 6 is the main element circuit block scheme of adopting.At first give the main multi-way switch of adopting in the unit by the signal of preposition unit input, the discrete signal of exporting through this switch is referred to as increment, and it is controlled by computer-controlled clock signal.Increment is delivered to main floating point amplifier and is amplified, and by A/D-I increment is converted to digital quantity, removes to control the floating-point switch by amplitude discriminator and decoding scheme; Select main floating point amplifier one-level wherein according to the increment signal magnitude situation that receives.This selected one-level output signal is delivered to the A/D-II by the floating-point switch connection and is carried out analog to digital conversion.This promptly is " an instantaneous main floating-point amplification-gain control ".The A/D-II is-8 quick A/D converters, and be 5 μ s switching time, and it delivers to bus driving circuits after finishing the A/D conversion of mantissa, through dma circuit the signal of sampled digitalization is delivered to computer storage, record, demonstration etc.Computer control sequential circuit, sequential circuit make main frame operate as normal under computer control through the timing control signal of a series of frequency divisions as multi-way switch, A/D-I, A/D-II.Main principle of adopting the instantaneous main floating-point amplification-gain control circuit of unit is represented with Fig. 7: preposition cell signal, at first enter multi-way switch N206, and become the increment that single channel transmits by the multiplex increment, import main floating point amplifier and amplify.Main floating point amplifier is made up of Pyatyi operational amplifier (N201-N205), amplification quantity 2 at different levels
25 grades of maximum gains 2
10, i.e. 66dB.The device that operational amplifier adopts is low noise OP37.
If the input signal of amplifier is S(ti), output signal is V(ti), output signal then:
V（ti）＝2
2nS（ti） n＝0、1、2、……5
S（ti）＝2
-2nV（ti）
N is for amplifying increment S(ti) the used progression of amplifier, its value is variable, gets " floating-point " therefrom and amplifies.In the following formula, the exponent in n and the binary floating point formula is suitable.V(ti) be a modulus, can be exchanged into digital quantity, be i.e. so-called " mantissa " by A/D.Main floating-point switch N209 is all delivered in the outputs at different levels of main floating point amplifier, and it is by the control of Instantaneous automatic gain control (IAGC) circuit, and the Instantaneous automatic gain control (IAGC) circuit is mainly by A/D-I-N207, comparer N211, N212, amplitude discriminator (D205, D206), code translator compositions such as (D202).Increment enters main floating point amplifier, it by comparer (N211, N212) and latch D201 finish.When the door value greater than 2V, D201 produces a low level " 0 " control signal, is sent by the 5th pin, anti-phase back by not gate to floating-point switch N208, N209, at this moment N209 is closed, and N208, Pin15-Pin1 connect, and directly sends into the N210-A/D-II without the increment signal that amplifies and carries out mantissa's conversion.After sending into bus driver D204 after the digitizing of A/D-II, digitized signal enters that computing machine is stored, record, demonstration etc., and collection is finished.When door value during less than 2V, D210 send one with last opposite signal, N208 is closed, N209 opens, and starts working.At this moment the increment signal after the main floating point amplifier first order is amplified carries out mould/number conversion, and the digital quantity that converts to drives amplitude discriminator circuit D205, D206 work.Convert the A/D-I to represent digital quantity by them, send decoding scheme D202 to complement form.D202 is 8 preferential code translators, according to the principle of high priority, sends a control signal and removes controlling and driving floating-point switch N209, selects main floating point amplifier one-level wherein according to the increment signal magnitude, exponent value that Here it is.After main floating point amplifier amplifies, wherein one the tunnel connect with the corresponding analog switch of choosing of that one-level, deliver to the A/D of N210-mantissa by the N209 tripod and change, finish until sampling process.The main instantaneous main floating-point amplification-gain control circuit of adopting in the unit, it makes the sampling rate of instrument reach 40 μ s, so it still has very high resolution to the high-frequency seism signal in the shallow layer exploration of tens meters even several meters.Fig. 8 is the main interface frame principle figure of adopting.The master adopts interface and mainly is made up of DMA trigger circuit and sampling rate control circuit.Trigger circuit make main timing distributor and frequency divider return-to-zero of adopting in the unit respectively by triggering (manually, explosion, three kinds of modes of hammering) signal through the DMA trigger circuit, send a dma request signal to the PPC computing machine simultaneously.Dma control circuit can produce the control signal that an immediate data transmits.This signal is issued the DMA trigger circuit, controls its sequential in accordance with regulations and sends dma request signal; This signal is passed to the master and is adopted the unit, makes the main bus driver of adopting in the unit (D203, D204) carry out sampled data and transmits; It also is connected with computing machine simultaneously, carries out mutual answer signal and transmits.The sampling rate control circuit is made of circuit such as frequency divider, frequency locking devices.It adopts the sequential control clock (with 2 frequency divisions is the unit, is divided into five grades) that the unit provides variable 4M-0.25M to the master, and clock changes, and the main frame sampling rate also changes thereupon.Its control procedure is: computing machine sends a rate controlled signal, latch is latched, be used to control binary frequency divider, under its control, send 4M, 2M, 1M, 0.5M, 0.25M totally five grades clock respectively, with this as the main timing control signal of adopting in the unit.Different clocks is corresponding to the different sequential cycles, the cadence signal of promptly main floating-point switch, and cadence signal changes, and sampling rate also changes thereupon.Can obtain the sampling rate of 40 μ s, 80 μ s, 160 μ s, 320 μ s, 640 μ s respectively corresponding to above clock.Above clock is the 4M major clock that is provided by computing machine, behind the supply frequency divider, carries out frequency division and obtain under computing machine rate controlled signal.High-freq mine seismograph directly utilizes the PPC512 computing machine to finish work such as the storage of signal, demonstration, record, processing, exempted the complicated playback system of a cover in the existing seismograph, operating personnel can observe directly the seismic signal waveform of being gathered on LCDs, the contrast work that also can store waveform and new signal waveform simultaneously, on-the-spot detection is very convenient.The contour structures of this detection instrument main frame is the rectangle drawer-type structure.The installation site synoptic diagram of each surface-mounted integrated circuit in host machine casing (27) as shown in Figure 9.Preposition unit (19), the main unit (20) of adopting respectively is installed in one independently on printed-wiring board (PWB) (22), (23), and main acquisition interface (21) and host power supply circuit are installed on the printed panel (24), and they all vertically are installed on a plate (25).8 roads are totally five blocks of plates, and the both sides that are installed in web joint (25) respectively form a whole movement.Movement covers with metal cap (26) and forms a drawer-type structure, and drawer front panel also is equipped with handle on (18), can easily movement be pulled out and advance from host housing (27).Power supply box (28) is equipped with at the rear portion in the host machine casing, and 24 joints 1 are housed in the power supply box
#Cadmium-nickel accumulator carries out DC-DC conversion, provides power supply for main frame and computing machine simultaneously, and computing machine also can use 10 joints 2 separately
#Storage battery power supply.External power supply on the host panel and external power supply and the charging easily of charging jack.The main machine structure compact and reasonable, volume is little, and is in light weight.Main frame has only 10 kilogram weights (comprising power pack), and power consumption is also little, is not more than 20W together with computing machine, but continuous working 6-8 hour in the open air.This instrument is except that bringing into play the significant role at the detection mine lane end construction, also can survey the slot wave of adopting face, the forward probe in tunnel, transmission between boring and in foundation ground detection, roadbed, ground, pile foundation, goaf, and estimate engineering survey aspects such as grouting quality and effect and all have the better detection effect.
The present invention compares with existing technology and has the following advantages:
1. it is improved the sampling rate easy and simple to handle of instrument because main frame adopts main floating-point amplifier-gain control circuit, compares with U.S. ES-2420, and sampling rate has improved 6.25 times. Because sampling rate is improved, guaranteed the high-resolution under the high-frequency signal, very favourable for geophysical exploration of shallow layer, in surveying tens meters to several meters geological structure, still have very high detectivity, and existing seismic detector can not use to tens meters to several meters geophysical exploration of shallow layer. Because line design is different from the Design Mode of common seismic instrument, and the circuit of instrument is simplified in a large number, thereby performance of devices is required to reduce the reduction that has brought cost. Because circuit is simplified the weight of bringing and alleviated, its convenient operation personnel carries. Its main frame volume is that U.S. ES-2420 seismic detector main frame adds 1/8, weight be its 1/3, really accomplished small portable.
2. This seismic detector is owing to select main frame and this kind of PPC computer combination mode, utilize computer directly as the part in the instrument, main frame is not with computer and demonstration, so just deducted the complicated playback system of a cover in the instrument, utilize main frame and computer interconnection to finish the work such as collection, storage, demonstration, record, realized that post processing is integrated, the user need not set up computer separately for the post processing of data, so just alleviated user's burden, printed information is joined printer and is got final product.
3. PPC computing machine in this instrument and IBM-PC computing machine compatibility, 3 1/2 cun dishes and 5 1/2 cun dish conversions are convenient, except that as using in the seismograph, also can be used as general general-purpose system computing machine and use, and play the effect of a tractor serves several purposes.
4. this instrument volume is little, and is in light weight and cost is low, has fairly obvious superiority and competitive power on cost performance, is easy to apply.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of high-freq mine seismograph of tool explosion prevention function, it is made of main frame [1], computing machine [13], iron hammer [16], explosive [17], wave detector [10], stube cable [9], it is characterized in that the circuit and the structure that adopt main frame [1] and this array mode of PPC-512 computing machine [13] directly to make instrument obtain simplifying, volume-diminished, weight saving, accomplished that collection, storage, record, aftertreatment are integrated, be convenient to the detection personnel and carry.Can join peripheral hardware printer [15] and print seismic data, connect with cable [14].
2, a kind of mine high-frequency seism as claimed in claim 1, the circuit that it is characterized in that main frame are by preposition unit (19), and the master adopts unit (20), and main interface (21) circuit of adopting constitutes.
3, high-freq mine seismograph as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that preposition unit is provided with one-level floating-point amplifying circuit, before having improved, it puts the feeble signal amplitude that filtering comes, constrained strong signal, widened seismographic theoretical dynamic range, reduced performance requirement, for the high speed steady operation of instrument has played a prerequisite property to some device in the circuit.
4, high-freq mine seismograph as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the master adopts the unit and is provided with instantaneous main floating-point amplification-gain control circuit, make the sample rate of instrument reach 40 μ s, tens meters to several meters shallow layer exploration medium-high frequency seismic signals are still had very high resolution.
5, as right 1 described high-freq mine seismograph, it is characterized in that the storage, demonstration, record, the processing that directly utilize the PPC512 computing machine to finish signal, exempted the complicated playback system of a cover in the existing seismograph, operating personnel can observe directly the seismic signal waveform of being gathered on LCDs, the on-the-spot use is convenient in the contrast work of storing waveform and new signal waveform simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106799 CN1050095A (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1989-09-08 | A kind of high-freq mine seismograph |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106799 CN1050095A (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1989-09-08 | A kind of high-freq mine seismograph |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1050095A true CN1050095A (en) | 1991-03-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106799 Pending CN1050095A (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1989-09-08 | A kind of high-freq mine seismograph |
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| CN (1) | CN1050095A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1837858B (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2011-02-02 | 钟荣融 | Multi-component borehole strain seismograph |
| CN102788995A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-11-21 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院 | Coal mine working face detecting method with cutting vibration as seismic signal |
| CN108828653A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-16 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of earthquake transmission channel wave survey method for highly gassy mine |
-
1989
- 1989-09-08 CN CN 89106799 patent/CN1050095A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1837858B (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2011-02-02 | 钟荣融 | Multi-component borehole strain seismograph |
| CN102788995A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-11-21 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院 | Coal mine working face detecting method with cutting vibration as seismic signal |
| CN108828653A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-16 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of earthquake transmission channel wave survey method for highly gassy mine |
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